Journal of Language and Literature
Journal of Language and Literature presents articles on the study of language and literature. Appropriate topics include studies on language, translation, and literary texts. To be considered for publication, articles must be in English.
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<![CDATA[The Family Language Policy of Javanese Multilingual Families ]]>
<![CDATA[Fitriati, Anna]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.7020
<![CDATA[Javanese is one of the regional languages with a relatively large number of speakers, around 68 million. This significant number of speakers is essential for the Javanese language to survive. Even so, the popularity of the Javanese language tends to decrease, especially among young people. This decline is influenced by various factors. One of them is that young families no longer introduce Javanese as the primary means of communication within the family. This study is interested in identifying the language attitudes of parents in Javanese families who are bilingual towards Indonesian, English, and Javanese. Furthermore, this study aims to analyze how the language policy is implemented in the family. This study combines quantitative and qualitative approaches using data collection techniques through questionnaires, interviews, and participatory observation. Data analysis shows that parents have positive language attitudes towards Indonesian and English. However, their language attitude towards Javanese is not as positive as Indonesian and English. This language attitude is reflected in the implementation of language policies in families where parents prefer to apply mixed language policies.]]>
<![CDATA[Christian Motives in Selected Works with Homosexual Themes in Czech Literature ]]>
<![CDATA[Mašát, Milan]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.6354
<![CDATA[The main aim of the paper is to highlight the relationship between Christianity and homosexuality based on selected fiction texts by Czech writers and poets (Zeyer, Fuks, Kuběna, Georgiev). The selected authors represent different historical periods and different currents of opinion. We are convinced that the theoretical part provides a suitable methodological basis for the part of the paper in which we discuss homosexual motives in selected works of the mentioned authors. To sum up, we can state that the explicit expression of homoerotic and other motives is only relevant today; in artistic narratives dating back to the 19th and 20th centuries, these symbols are expressed in a hidden way, and it is up to each recipient to decide whether and to what extent they see them in these narratives. Zeyer could not fully express himself; he was forced to use hidden symbols to be who he felt he was, at least in his works. Kuběna, in the context of the 1970s, treats the topic of homosexuality very openly, he is not afraid of being condemned by society. Fuks´ works are characterized by a considerable degree of autobiography. Despite Georgiev´s clear rejection of faith, a believing homosexual appears more than once in his work. In this paper we try to fill a certain gap in the field of comparative research in works of art and poems by authors who in some way tended to homosexuality because within the Czech context, we have encountered this area of scholarly articles sporadically. ]]>
<![CDATA[A Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Translation Techniques on the Translation of Similes and Metaphors in The Old Man and The Sea ]]>
<![CDATA[Pratiwi, Aulia Rachma]]>;
<![CDATA[Yannuar, Nurenzia]]>;
<![CDATA[Subiyanto, Arif]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.6205
<![CDATA[Figurative language is a way to captivate readers, expressed through writing in a more creative style. This research aims to find out and compare the translation techniques used by Sapardi Djoko Damono and Dian Vita Ellyati to translate similes and metaphors in The Old Man and The Sea Novel and their effect on the quality of the translation. This research used a descriptive qualitative method that employed a sampling technique. The research data are similes and metaphors from The Old Man and the Sea and its two Indonesian translations. This research collects data from document analysis, questionnaires, and focus group discussions. This research shows that translation techniques used in similes and metaphors have different impacts on the translation quality in both versions. The final result of the calculation shows that version A has a final translation quality score of 2.42, while version B has a final quality score of 2.54. The findings highlight the importance of carefully considering and selecting appropriate techniques to convey figurative language in translated works effectively. Future research in this field could focus on exploring additional translation strategies for other forms of figurative language, investigating the preferences, and examining the influence of cultural context on the translation process.]]>
<![CDATA[A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the Endangered Tigers in WWF Posters ]]>
<![CDATA[Sukma, Annisa Indah]]>;
<![CDATA[Asidiky, Zakie]]>;
<![CDATA[Agustian, Agung Farid]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.5595
<![CDATA[This Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA) research examined World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF) posters campaigning for tiger protection, whose population has been fewer than 5000 in recent years. It uses a qualitative descriptive method with Kress and van Leeuwen's compositional meaning theory (2006) to explore how the composition of the posters delivered messages to readers. Besides, it also tried to reveal the ideologies depicted in those posters critically. The number of data analyzed was 6 (six) tiger posters taken from the adsoftheworld website (https://www.adsoftheworld.com) with the keywords 'tiger' and 'WWF.' As a result, the salient elements of the selected posters represented a critical state of the tiger population. They could also convey to readers that the extinction of tigers can be prevented with a wise life. In addition, both verbal and visual elements depicted several ideologies: (1) the tiger was seen as property, not as a living creature, (2) people could choose to fight for or destroy the tiger, (3) power hierarchy made people unable to act, and (4) the tigers are in endangered states. Hopefully, this research can be used as a theoretical reference for further research on environmental and animal issues in the multimodal field. Besides, visual communication practitioners can imitate or follow the analyzed posters in this research to make any content concerning any life issues by paying more attention to the salient elements in their posters.]]>
<![CDATA[The Changing of ‘Sor Singgih Basa’ in Balinese Root Based on the Internal Modification: Morpho-Phonology Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Okasunu, I Gusti Ayu Sundari]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi, Komang Yuly Sintia]]>;
<![CDATA[Udayana, I Nyoman]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.5895
<![CDATA[This research investigates the relationship between phonology and morphology in influencing the changing Balinese speech level, namely ‘singgih’ (high) and ‘sor’ (low). The analysis focuses on utilizing the internal modification of a formal morphological element (root) in Balinese that creates a pattern of alternation apophony for vowel and consonant mutation, which lead to the transformation of speech level. Qualitative data analysis, including internal structure diagrams and observation, is used to analyze the data. There are 54 words found in the data findings using the documentation method from Balinese dictionary. The analysis results are (1) the alternate vowels and the mutation of consonant distinguished the level of the word without changing the meaning; (2) most of the alternation vowels change from [+low, +back] vowel into [+high] vowel, namely umlaut process; (3) the consonant mutation corresponds with the phonological sets of the consonant in initial position or phoneme addition in the middle position. Thus, this study has enriched and enlarged the linguistics documentation for the umlaut and ablaut existence in the Austronesian language.]]>
<![CDATA[The Portrayal of Apocalypse in Jules Hogan’s Those They Left Behind: An Ecocritical Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Prabawati, Theresia Sekar]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.4769
<![CDATA[Literary works can show problems in our life, such as the ones in the relationship between human beings and nature. Through this paper, the researcher aims to find out the portrayal of the apocalypse in a short story entitled Those They Left Behind by Jules Hogan. To reveal how the apocalypse is represented, there are two problems to answer: (1) how the condition of the environment is depicted in the story and (2) how the condition affects the characters. The study is qualitative research, applying the theory of ecocriticism proposed by Greg Garrard. The tropes discussed in this research are pollution, pastoral, and apocalypse. It is found that the apocalypse happened because of the great number of pollution, the rising cases of catastrophes, and modernization. Therefore, the Ascent project was established to send human beings to start a new life on another planet. The apocalyptic state affected the characters in significant ways. They had to change their lifestyles to survive, starting from recycling waste, living from natural resources, and finding ways to reduce pollution.The short story leaves the reader with the idea that if human beings do not change their ways, the Earth will eventually be destroyed.]]>
<![CDATA[The Help of God and Fear of Man: Comparing Anxiety and Religiosity in Fury (2014) and Merah-Putih (2009) ]]>
<![CDATA[Sampurno, Muhammad Faqih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.6196
<![CDATA[This research aims at investigating the influence of religiosity on anxiety during the war. This research compares two contrasting military leader characters to identify the influence on the way that these characters cope with war-induced anxiety. The main comparative objects are the characters Don from the movie Fury (2014) and Amir in Merah-Putih (2009). Both characters show similar anxiety and religiosity but differ in how they cope with anxiety. The general assumption is that religiosity helps to cope with anxiety. This research uses Freud’s psychoanalysis theory to study the characters. By comparing these characters, we may find the relation of religiosity towards anxiety, and we may also find other influences such as the character’s motivation and backstory. The five dimensions of religiosity, as explained by Glock Stark and Freud’s psychoanalytic theory on anxiety, determine religiosity and anxiety. The variables are expressed through practice, discourse, and symbols by both characters in scenes and dialogues. The findings are listed in three items: 1) The coping mechanism for anxiety works not only to repress but also to create new anxiety. 2) The new anxiety can be so much worse than the initial anxiety. 3) Religiosity is not a necessary variable in dealing with anxiety. Additionally, the founding of new anxiety contributes to previous theory on anxiety.]]>
<![CDATA[The Roles of Human, Nature, and Supernatural Power in Phuoc's The Celestial King Phu Dong and the Iron Horse ]]>
<![CDATA[Manggala, Simon Arsa]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.6994
<![CDATA[Anthropocentrism centralizes the role of humans and human impact on the environment. In folktales, the anthropocentric nuance is amplified by the moral messages delivered after telling the tales. The moral messages are usually for the betterment of humans. This paper intends to offer an alternative reading of a folktale by shifting the focal perspective slightly from human to nature and supernatural beings and their power. The object of this paper is a folktale from Vietnamese culture titled The Celestial King Phu Dong and the Iron Horse. In the tale, the human character could defeat the monster since they had supernatural power. This paper employs three tools to foreground the roles of nature and supernatural power. The folktale's plot is analyzed by its tale elements proposed by Booker (2004). The power relation of the actants is analyzed using Greimas' actantial analysis, and the clause structure is examined by Systemic Functional Linguistic's thematic structure analysis. The result shows that the plot is built upon the opposition between human and nonhuman characters. The actantial analysis indicates that in opposing the nonhuman character, the human character needs help from nature and supernatural power. The thematic patterns structure the delivery of the power relation and the human character dependency. This paper concludes that human character is depicted as dependent on nature and supernatural power in solving problems and obstacles. It foregrounds the agency of objects surrounding humans.]]>
<![CDATA[Patriarchal Propaganda on Archipelagic Folklores ]]>
<![CDATA[Sufa, Amy Fayla]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.6264
<![CDATA[A folklore is a patriarchal propaganda, by carrying out stories that indoctrinate how mankind should behave, or how men and women have their role in society. This study aims to discover the patriarchal construct in archipelagic folklore and how archipelagic folklore gave rise to propaganda to the current patriarchal system. This study used a qualitative descriptive method using a mimetic and objective approach. The process of collecting data is through library study including sources taken from texts in the book "The Collection of Folklore in 33 Provinces” by the publisher Lingkar Media, and the animated video of The Archipelago Story on YouTube from the channel Gromore Studio. Furthermore, this study found there are 11 constructs of patriarchy contained in the archipelagic folklore in selected legends. As the result, the intention of patriarchal culture rooted in Indonesia and existing in the current times did not only came from one direction, but from several directions which then gave rise to a complex understanding. It is influenced by the culture of the colonial foreign countries and the fundamental beliefs of its society even before the colonialism era. The archipelagic folklore is one of a tool for spreading implicit messages that contain a deep meaning, patriarchalism. ]]>
<![CDATA[The Prefix Ta-: From Kambera to Indonesian ]]>
<![CDATA[Raynesta Mikaela Indri Malo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 23, No 2 (2023): October ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v23i2.5784
<![CDATA[This research explores the borrowing of prefix ta- from bahasa Kambera (BK) to bahasa Indonesia (BI). This study is exceptional since the borrowing is from the non-dominant (as donor) language to the dominant language (as recipient) which has never existed before (there is no data of words borrowed from BK to BI). Besides, most borrowing from local languages in Indonesia to BI are in forms of words, not affixes. This descriptive qualitative study finds that, as its function in BK, the prefix ta- also has the same role in BI. It is used to derive the agentless intransitive achievement verbs with no agent. The prefix ta- is attached directly to the roots. The roots mostly are transitive and intransitive verbs, as well as adjectives and the derived forms after ta- is attached are mostly intransitive verbs and limited adjective (used as modifier in noun phrase). The prefix ta- is borrowed through direct borrowing which rely on the knowledge of the speakers. The borrowing occurred in the past when native speaker of Kambera were insisted on using bahasa Indonesia as the formal language. The practical use of the prefix ta- could be the most prominent reason of why this phenomenon happened. ]]>
