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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 602 Documents
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The benefits of physical activity for old and young Tjan, Richard
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.i-ii

Abstract

There is now ample scientific evidence that elderly persons, will benefit from physical activity in a similar manner as the younger generations. Regular physical activity of at least moderate intensity reduces the risk of cardiovascular major events, leading to the conclusion that physical inactivity is a major cardiovascular risk factor. The underlying molecular mechanism may be that moderate physical activity leads to a reduction of oxidative stress.(1) In a prospective cohort of 21,094 men (mean age, 53 years) without known coronary heart disease at baseline in the Physicians’ Health Study, it was shown that vigorous physical activity (defined as ‘exercise to the point of breaking a sweat’) was associated with a decreased risk of heart failure, whereas elevated BMI (even in the pre-obese range) was associated with an increased risk.(2) Numerous studies have also demonstrated the benefits of daily physical activity for the elderly in maintaining functional independence, defined as ‘the capacity to carry out activities of daily living’. Paterson and Warburton in 2010 conducted a systematic review of the relationship between physical activity of healthy community-dwelling elderly (age range 66 - 84 years) and functional limitations, disability, or loss of independence by analysis of prospective cohort studies reported in the literature. Among 2,309 citations from electronic bibliographical databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, SportDiscus) the investigators analyzed 66 prospective studies and concluded that “regular aerobic activity and short-term exercise programmes confer a reduced risk of functional limitations and disability in older age”.
Soy-isoflavone supplementation tends to reduce menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women Raditya Wratsangka; Atut Cicih Mayasari
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.118-127

Abstract

BACKGROUNDMenopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women tend to decrease healthrelated quality of life (HRQoL). The present study’s objective was to determine the effect of daily supplementation of 100 mg soy isoflavones on menopausalsymptoms of healthy postmenopausal women. Isoflavones are phytoestrogens abundantly found in soy beans, and several studies have demonstrated that isoflavones are the best among the phytoestrogens.METHODSThe study was a community-based double blind randomized controlled trial involving 60 healthy postmenopausal women, aged between 48–60 years, in the Mampang Prapatan District, South Jakarta. Participants were block-randomized to receive either 100 mg soy-isoflavone + 500 mg calcium carbonate (intervention group) or 500 mg calcium carbonate only (control group). Both supplements were taken daily for 12 weeks, from January to April 2010. Menopausal symptoms(measured by Menopause Rating Scale questionnaire) were assessed at baseline and after supplementation. Chi-square test was used to examine the effect of soy isoflavone supplementation on menopausal symptoms.RESULTSFifty-six (93.3%) of participants completed the study. There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in the prevalence of menopausal symptoms between the isoflavone group and the control group. However, supplementationof soy isoflavones for 12 weeks tended to decrease the prevalence of menopausal symptoms in women with normal body mass index and adequate daily dietary isoflavone intake.CONCLUSIONDaily supplementation of 100 mg soy isoflavones for 12 weeks tend to decrease the incidence of menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women.
Global emergence of Zika virus Tjan, Richard
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.1-2

Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the flaviviruses (family Flaviviridae), which includes dengue, yellow fever, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. Zika virus was isolated in 1947, in the Zika forest near Kampala, Uganda, from one of the rhesus monkeys used as sentinel animals in a yellow fever research program.
Seizure threshold, hormones and anti epileptic drugs Harsono, Harsono
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.18-28

Abstract

The concept of seizure threshold holds that everyone has a certain balance between excitatory and inhibitory forces in the brain. A low seizure threshold makes it easier for epilepsy to develop and easier for someone to elicit single seizure. The opposing effects of estrogen (proconvulsant) and progesterone (anticonvulsant) on seizure threshold have been noted in animal and human studies. Estrogen has been shown to lower the seizure threshold. In contrast to estrogen, several studies have confirmed the anticonvulsive effects of progesterone and its metabolite. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are used to prevent or interrupt seizures. Limitation of sustained repetitive neuronal firing via blockade of voltage-dependent sodium channels, enhancement of GABA-mediated inhibition, and blockade of glutamatergic excitatory neurotransmission are the mechanisms of anti-epileptic drugs in preventing seizures. AEDs that induce hepatic cytochrome (CY) P450 enzymes can increase the metabolism of sex hormones and make hormonal contraception ineffective. In addition, AEDs may even increase seizure frequency or severity or change the seizure type.
Soy isoflavone supplementation tends to improve specific immune responses in postmenopausal women Wratsangka, Raditya
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.162-172

Abstract

Immune dysfunction in postmenopausal women tends to decrease health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The present study’s objective was to evaluate the effect of daily supplementation of 100 mg soy isoflavones on specific immune responses among healthy postmenopausal women. The study design was a community-based double blind randomized controlled trial involving 60 healthy postmenopausal women, aged between 48–60 years, in the Mampang Prapatan district of South Jakarta. Participants were randomized to receive either 100 mg soy-isoflavone + 500 mg calcium (intervention group) or 500 mg calcium only (control group). Both supplements were taken daily for 12 weeks, from January to April 2010. Specific immune responses (measured by serum Ig G and CD4+) were assessed at baseline and after supplementation. Statistical analysis using independent t-test was performed to evaluate the effect of soy isoflavone supplementation on specific immune responses. Fifty-six (93.3%) participants completed the study without any significant side-effects or adverse events. Daily supplementation of 100 mg soy isoflavones for 12 weeks did not significantly increase the humoral specific immune response (p=0.242), but tended to improve the cellular specific immune response (p= 0.850). Other findings of this study were that soy isoflavone supplementation tends to improve specific immune responses in postmenopausal women with normal body mass index and adequate daily dietary isoflavone intakes. Short-term soy isoflavone supplementation is unable to improve the humoral and cellular specific immune responses in postmenopausal women aged 48 to 60 years.
Multiple human papilloma virus infections predominant in squamous cell cervical carcinoma in Bandung Edhyana Sahiratmadja; Maringan D.L Tobing; Birgitta M Dewayani; Bethy S Hernowo; Herman Susanto
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.58-64

Abstract

BACKGROUND Persistent infection of high risk genotypes of human papilloma virus (hrHPV) has been established as the etiological cause for cervical cancer, and the most prevalent genotypes that infect the cervical tissue are HPV-16 and HPV-18. However, HPV genotype profile has been shown to differ according to geographical distribution across the globe. The present study aimed to determine the HPV genotype distribution in cervical cancer patients from Bandung, Indonesia. METHODS During the period of July – November 2010 viral DNA was extracted from randomly chosen cervical cancer biopsies and subjected to genotype determination using the diagnostic linear array genotyping test (Roche). The distribution of HPV genotypes was explored and the prevalence of HPV genotypes was mapped. RESULTS Of 96 cervical cancer tissue samples, 76 (79.2%) were histopathologically classified as squamous cell cervical carcinoma. Due to the high cost of HPV genotyping tests, only twenty-five samples were randomly genotyped. Almost 90% of the cervical cancer patients were multiply infected with HPV-16 in combination with HPV-18, HPV-45, or HPV-52. The HPV-16 genotype had the highest prevalence, all samples being infected with HPV-16. CONCLUSION The cervical cancer cases were predominantly infected by multiple hrHPVs with HPV-16 as the major genotype among other hrHPVs, supporting the carcinogenic role of this hrHPV. Therefore, screening for hrHPVs in the general population is urgently needed as a means of early detection of cervical cancer.
Helicobacter pylori and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) Lesmana, Murad
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.46-55

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is the major cause of gastritis and duodenitis, and is responsible for the majority of gastric and duodenal ulcers. It is thought that H.pylori may have a benign influence in the prevention of reflux esophagitis and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD is due to failure of the gastro-esophageal anti-reflux mechanism, thus allowing gastric acid to damage the esophageal mucosa, but the main abnormalities may also be found in the stomach and duodenum. The recently decreased prevalence of H.pylori has led to a lower incidence of duodenal ulcer and gastric carcinoma, but increasing acid secretion resulted in an increase in GERD. Eradication of H.pylori does not aggravate the symptoms of GERD and also does not induce the development of GERD in the normal population or in patients with duodenal ulcer. Pharmacological suppression of acid secretion is more effective in patients infected with H.pylori in comparison to non-infected individuals. The evidence on the efficacy of acid suppression therapy and its association with H.pylori infection is still contradictory. The sharply differing opinions regarding the role or association of H.pylori infection with GERD have not been reconciled and contradictory study results are still widespread.
Antagonism of vitamin C and vitamin E on action of quinolones Julius E. Surdjawidjaja
Universa Medicina Vol. 31 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.71-72

Abstract

The quinolone antibiotics are potent drugs for combating infections caused by various bacterial species with satisfactory results and relatively minimal adverse effects. Antioxidant dietary supplements, such as vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and vitamin E (a-tocopherol), are occasionally prescribed along with quinolone antibiotics during the course of treatment of an infection. Therefore it is important to understand the effects of these antioxidants on the antibacterial action of quinolone antibiotics.
Typhonium flagelliforme decreases protein expression in murine breast cancer Chodidjah Chodidjah; Taufiqurrahman Nasihun; Eni Widayati
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.163-170

Abstract

BACKGROUND Breast cancer treatment is still ineffective, having also various side effects. Breast cancer growth is affected by human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) and B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) expression. In vitro studies on continuous culture of continuous culture of human lymphoblasts (CEMs) showed that Typhonium flagelliforme (TF) increases apoptosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether TF syrup (TFS) could decrease HER2/ neu and BCL2 expression as well as breast cancer volume (BCV) in mice. METHODS An experimental post-test only control group design was conducted on 18 C3H mice with breast cancers, randomly allocated to 3 groups of 6. Group 1 received 0.2 ml of distilled water. Group 2 and 3 animals were each given 0.2 ml of 40 mg/ml and 80 mg/ml TFS, respectively. The treatment was given orally once daily for 25 days. Assessment of HER2/neu and BCL2 expression was by immunohistochemistry, whereas BCV was measured by caliper. Anova and LSD were used for data analysis. RESULTS There was a significant difference in HER2/neu and BCL2 expression as well as in BCV among the treatment groups. LSD analysis showed that HER2/neu and BCL2 expression in group 3 (51.60%; 24.60%) was significantly lower than in group 1 (245.40%; 114.40%) as well as group 2 (235.50%; 54.20%) (p=0.000). BCV in group 3 (4392.33 mm3) was significantly greater than BCV in group 1 (253.87 mm3) (p=0.002), but was not significantly different from BCV in group 2 (3667.16 mm3) (p=0.306). CONCLUSION Suplementation with TFS decreases HER2/neu and BCL2 expression. TF appears to be a promising plant demonstarting anti cancer activity.
Global viral hepatitis elimination by the year 2030 Tjan, Richard
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.143-145

Abstract

According to a report by Stanaway et al.(1) in 2016, the absolute burden and relative rank of viral hepatitis increased between 1990 and 2013. For example, the number of global deaths due to viral hepatitis increased from 0.89 million to 1.45 million, indicating a need for its reduction. In this connection, on 28 May 2016 the 69th World Health Assembly adopted the global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis for the period 2016–2021,(2) as outlined in the report A69/32 of the Secretariat,(3) with the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis B and C by the year 2030. The global health sector strategy (GHSS) on viral hepatitis has constructed a roadmap toward the elimination of viral hepatitis B and C, targeting five priority prevention and treatment interventions. Prevention involves universal hepatitis B immunization of infants, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, increased injection safety and blood safety, and increased harm reduction, the implementation of which will contribute toward universal health coverage, which is the target for Goal 3 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In combination with treatment of chronic hepatitis, the goal is to achieve by the year 2030 a reduction in the incidence of viral hepatitis by 90% and mortality by 65%.(3,4)

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