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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 602 Documents
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Prevalensi diabetes mellitus dan hubungannya dengan kualitas hidup lanjut usia di masyarakat Khairani, Rita
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.18-26

Abstract

Latar BelakangDiabetes melitus (DM) merupakan keadaan yang seringkali dikaitkan dengan meningkatnya risiko kesakitan dan kematian. Lanjut usia (lansia) yang menderita DM seringkali juga mengalami penyakit lainnya, ketidakmampuan fisik, gangguan psikososial dan fungsi kognisi, serta meningkatnya pelayanan kedokteran. Pada akhirnya, komplikasi yang terjadi akan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup lansia. MetodePenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data tentang besarnya prevalensi DM dan hubungannya dengan kualitas hidup lansia di masyarakat. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan terhadap 101 lansia melalui wawancara terstruktur, pemeriksaan fisik, antropometri, pemeriksaan gula darah dan penilaian kualitas hidup lansia berdasarkan WHOQOL-BREF. HasilHasil penelitian menunjukkan domain 4 (kondisi lingkungan) mempunyai rata-rata skor tertinggi (14,1 ± 1,8) dan domain 2 (kondisi psikologi) mempunyai rata-rata skor terendah (12,9 ± 1,9). Lansia pria mempunyai rata-rata skor lebih tinggi pada domain kesehatan fisik dan hubungan sosial dibandingkan dengan lansia wanita. Prevalensi DM sebesar 15,8% didapatkan pada kelompok usia 60-70 tahun dan lansia wanita memiliki prevalensi lebih tinggi dari lansia pria. Rata-rata skor domain kondisi lingkungan lebih tinggi bermakna pada lansia yang tidak menderita DM dan rata-rata skor kesehatan fisik lebih tinggi bermakna pada lansia yang menderita obesitas. Semakin besar indeks massa tubuh maka skor domain kesehatan fisik akan semakin meningkat secara bermakna. Semakin tinggi kadar gula darah puasa maka skor domain kesehatan lingkungan akan semakin menurun secara bermakna. KesimpulanKadar gula darah yang tinggi menurunkan kualitas hidup lansia. Intervensi pada lansia yang mengalami DM harus direncanakan untuk memperbaiki kualitas hidup lansia.
Warfarin: do we need genotype-based dose prediction? Yenny, Yenny
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.i-iii

Abstract

For the treatment and prevention of thrombo-embolic disease, the most frequently used anticoagulant drug worldwide is warfarin, an oral coumarin derivative, with more than 30 million prescriptions written for this drug in the United States in 2004.(1) The drug has a narrow therapeutic index and its metabolism varies by as much as a factor of 10 among individual patients, making warfarin therapy difficult to manage. Hemorrhagic complication rates of warfarin are estimated to be 5-7.9% for major (life threatening) hemorrhage and 14-36% for minor hemorrhage (e.g. nosebleeds, microscopic hematuria).(2) This condition makes it difficult to establish the appropriate dose of warfarin.
Increased bone calcium dissociation in lead-exposed rats Eko Suhartono; Yeni Wahyu Ulfarini; Triawanti Triawanti; Warih Anggoro Mustaqim; Rizky Taufan Firdaus; Muhammad Hafidz Maulana Setiawan
Universa Medicina Vol. 31 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.151-158

Abstract

BACKGROUND Lead is still a major environmental and occupational health hazard, since it is extensively used in the production of paints, gasoline and cosmetics. This causes the metal to be ubiquitous in the environment, being found in the air, soil, and water, from which it can enter the human body by inhalation or ingestion. Absorbed lead is capable of altering the calcium levels in bone. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of lead on bone calcium levels by measuring the reaction constant, Gibbs free energy, and enthalpy. METHODS This study was of pure experimental design using 100 male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). The experimental animals were assigned by simple randomization to two groups, one group receiving lead acetate orally at a dosage of 100 mg/ kgBW, while the other group did not receive lead acetate. The intervention was given for 4 weeks and the rats were observed weekly for measurement of bone calcium levels by the permanganometric method. RESULTS This study found that k1 (hydroxyapatite dissociation rate constant) was 0.90 x 10-3 dt-1, and that k2 (hydroxyapatite association rate constant) was 6.16 x 10-3 dt-1 for the control group, whereas for the intervention group k1 = 26.20 x 10-3 dt-1 and k2 = 16.75 x 10-3 dt-1. Thermodynamically, the overall reaction was endergonic and endothermic (ΔG > 0 and ΔH > 0). CONCLUSIONS Lead exposure results in increased dissociation rate of bone in comparison with its association rate. Overall, the reaction was endergonic and endothermic (ΔG > 0 and ΔH > 0).
Body mass index as predictor of carpal tunnel syndrome among garment workers Merijanti, Lie T.
Universa Medicina Vol 28, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.146-151

Abstract

Of the nerve entrapment syndromes the most well-known is the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) involving the median nerve. In the field of occupational medicine this condition is categorized as an occupational disease, for which industrial workers may claim compensation if the CTS occurs as a consequence of their job. However, although several occupational risk factors have been suggested as causing the development of CTS, a definitive role of work activities as the central cause of CTS is unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate both non-occupational and occupational factors associated with CTS in garment home-industry workers. A cross-sectional study was performed from April to June 2008 in the garment home industry in North Jakarta. A total of 99 workers, consisting of 45 males and 54 females were included in this study. Historical data were obtained from a self-administered detailed questionnaire, while anthropometric and provocative median nerve test variables were measured directly. The results showed that body mass index (BMI) was a significant predictor of CTS in male workers (p=0.031), while the risk of CTS was three-fold higher in female workers using hormonal contraceptives (Prevalence Ratio/PR = 3.3 ; 95% Confidence of Interval/CI = 1.0 – 10.5). In conclusion it appears that BMI and hormonal contraceptive use were CTS predictors.
Psidium guajava leaves decrease arthritic symptoms in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats Baroroh, Hanif Nasiatul; Utami, Esti Dyah; Achmad, Anisyah
Universa Medicina Vol 34, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2015.v34.197-204

Abstract

BACKGROUND Guava is an herbal with proven antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-arthritic activity of the ethanol extract of Psidium gujava leaves (EEPG) against complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis in rats. METHODSAn experimental study was conducted on 40 male Wistar Sprague Dawley rats, which were divided into 5 groups. Each group was induced with 0.2 mL CFA (1 mg/mL) on day 1 and 0.1 CFA mL booster injection on day 5. Group I served as an arthritic control, group II received dexamethasone (6.75 mg.kg-1 orally), group III, IV and V received EEPG at oral doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW, respectively, on days 14 to 28. Anti-arthritic activity was observed from the arthritis score, the paw circumference was measured on days 0, 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28, the mobility score was determined on days 12 and 28, and the histolopathology of the knee joint was examined on day 29. RESULTSEthanol extract of Psidium guajava leaves significantly suppressed the swelling of the paws in chronic phase based on increasing of edema (%), while starting on day 20. EEPG at 250 mg/kg was most effective in significantly reducing arthritis scores (p<0.05). Histopathological examination showed repair of the knee joint synovial membrane and cartilage. CONCLUSIONSPsidium guajava leaf extract is effective in decreasing the inflammatory response and arthritic symptoms in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Psidium guajava leaves can be developed into an alternative anti-arthritis treatment.
Epidermal growth factor polymorphism most prevalent in stage II cervical carcinoma Kevin Dominique Tjandraprawira; Ramdan Panigoro; Yudi Mulyana Hidayat; Herman Susanto; Edhyana Sahiratmadja
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.192-198

Abstract

Background    Cervical cancer ranks second among female cancers worldwide and is widely associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. However, HPV infection progression is influenced by various host factors. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a host factor important for proper epithelial proliferation and development, and may play a role in cervical cancer progression. A functional A61G polymorphism in the EGF gene has been hypothesized to alter EGF concentration in vivo with increasing guanine content associated with greater EGF level. However, a map of A61G polymorphism distribution is not available for any population, including Indonesia. This study aims to determine the distribution of EGF A61G polymorphism among cervical cancer patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between July-November 2010. Included were 61 cervical cancer patients of various stages at Dr. Hasan Sadikin hospital, who had previously undergone blood sample collection, DNA isolation and finally genotyping for EGF gene using Illumina BeadXpress®. Chi-square test was used to analyse the data. ResultsThe EGF A61G polymorphism was exhibited by 88.5% of patients (as genotypes A/G and G/G). The majority of patients with this polymorphism were of moderate severity (FIGO stage II and III, 42.6% and 38.1% respectively). Patients with the polymorphism but with the lightest severity (FIGO stage I) accounted for 22.2% of the population. ConclusionEGF A61G polymorphism affected the majority of cervical cancer patients and that once stratified, the patients showed intermediate severity in terms of their cancerous growth.
Propolis increases neuronal count in hippocampal area CA1 and prefrontal cortex in stressed rats Nugroho, Kuswati; Handayani, Ety Sari; Nugraha, Zainuri Sabta
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.214-220

Abstract

Background Stress induces neuronal cell damage in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Propolis has a neuroprotective effect that can inhibit apoptosis and decrease neuronal cell count. This study aimed to determine the effect of propolis on neuronal cell count in hippocampal area CA1 and prefrontal cortex in Sprague Dawley rats with induced stress.MethodsA study of laboratory experimental design was conducted involving 24 male Sprague-Dawley Rattus norvegicus. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e. controls (K), and stress groups P1, P2 and P3. Controls did not receive treatment, stress group (P1) received stress treatment, groups P2 and P3 received stress and propolis at 100 and 200 mg/kgBW, respectively. Stress and propolis were given for 14 days, followed by termination. The number of neurons in the hippocampal area CA1 and prefrontal cortex were counted. One way ANOVA was used to analyze the data.Results The neuronal count in the hippocampal area CA1 and prefrontal cortex in the stress group (P1) was lower than in groups K, P2 and P3. There were significant differences in the neuronal count of the hippocampal area CA1 between P1 and P3 and P1 and K (p=0.019) and also in the neuronal count of the prefrontal cortex between P1 and P2, P3 and K (p=0.002).Conclusions This study strongly suggest that propolis inhibits the decrease in neuronal count in in the hippocampal area CA1 and prefrontal cortex of Sprague Dawley rats with induced stress. The present study suggests a potential neuroprotective effect of propolis in the prevention of neurodegenerative disorders.
Effectiveness of Piper betle leaf infusion as a palpebral skin antiseptic Amalia, Husnun; Sitompul, Ratna; Hutauruk, Johan; Andrianjah, Andrianjah; Mun’im, Abdul
Universa Medicina Vol 28, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.83-91

Abstract

The goal of an antiseptic is to eliminate or greatly reduce the number of microorganisms in the surgical field at the time of the surgery. The objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of 20% Piper betle leaf infusion as an antiseptic solution in pre-surgery cataract patients. A clinical trial with partner-matching design was conducted on 31 pairs of eyelids. From each pair of eyelids, one eyelid was asigned to the Piper betle infusion group and the opposite one to the povidone-iodine group. The microorganisms were collected by swab from the patient’s palpebral skin, inoculated on nutrient agar, and incubated at 37oC for 20 hours. The antiseptic effectiveness was measured by counting the microbial colonies before and after administration of the antiseptic solutions. This study demonstrates that the mean colony counts after application of 20% Piper betle leaf infusion showed a significant reduction of 27-100% compared with those before administration (p=0.001). Mean colony counts after 10% povidone-iodine administration showed a significant reduction of 88-100% compared with the mean counts before the solution was applied (p=0.000). The 20% Piper betle infusion has an antiseptic potential. Nevertheless, the 10% povidone-iodine solution has more effective antiseptic capability.
Topiramate sprinkle is effective in the treatment of childhood epilepsy Gunawan, Prastiya Indra; Suharso, Darto
Universa Medicina Vol 31, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.34-42

Abstract

BackgroundEpilepsy remains one of the most frequently occurring pediatric problems. Approximately 10-15% patients do not respond to conventional therapy. Topiramate as a novel antiepileptic drug has a broad spectrum activity, presumably indicative of multiple anti-seizure mechanisms. Previous studies of topiramate as adjunctive and monotherapy in adults have shown beneficial effects. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of topiramate sprinkle monotherapy in pediatric epilepsy.MethodsThis experimental research was conducted in the Pediatric Neurology outpatient clinic department, Soetomo hospital, Surabaya, involving 18 consecutive subjects. Subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were treated with topiramate sprinkle adjusted dose. Seizure frequency and side effects were observed in weeks 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24, respectively. Electro encephalogram (EEG) and laboratory examinations were performed prior to and after 6 months of treatment. The t-test for related samples and McNemar test were utilized for statistical analysis. ResultsA total of 15 subjects completed the study. Topiramate-treated patients showed a statistically significant difference of seizure frequency reduction from 2.7 ± 1.16 to 0.13 ± 0.51 (p=0.000) with 93.7% patients being seizure free in 20 weeks. EEG recordings did not differ statistically in decrement of epileptiform activity in 20% subjects. About 7% subjects developed drowsiness and 33.3% subjects suffered from appetite suppression in the initial treatment. Laboratory results showed no abnormalities. ConclusionsThere was reduction of seizure frequency and no EEG recording alterations after topiramate sprinkle monotherapy. Topiramate as a monotherapy is highly effcicacious in childhood epilepsy.
Soursop leaf extract increases neuroglia and hepatic degeneration in female rats Ety Sri Handayani; Zainuri Sabta Nugraha; Prilly i Raleka Pahlevawati
Universa Medicina Vol. 34 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2015.v34.17-24

Abstract

BACKGROUNDSoursop leaf contains annonaceous acetogenins and alkaloids. Theacetogenins act as inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I, suppress ATPproduction and cause cell degeneration, whereas the alkaloids act asneurotoxins. Neuronal degeneration will be followed by an increase inneuroglia (gliosis). Hepatic clear cell foci represent the morphology of liverdegeneration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of soursopleaf extract on number of neuroglia brain gliosis and hepatic clear cells infemale rats.METHODSThis study was an experimental study with a post-test only control groupdesign. Ten female Sprague-Dawley strain rats were divided into one controland one treatment group. The control group was gavaged with distilled water,while the treatment group was gavaged with aqueous soursop leaf extract ata dose of 1000 mg/kgBW/day for 90 days. Rat brain tissue samples weretaken at day 91 with a transcardial perfusion technique. The number ofneuroglia in rat cerebral cortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra, and nucleusaccumbens and the number of hepatic clear cells were determined.Independent t-test was used to examine the differences in the numbers ofneuroglia and hepatic clear cells between control and treatment groupsRESULTSThe results of independent t-test analysis found a significant difference inthe number of neuroglia in the cerebral cortex (p=0.015) and nucleusaccumbens of the rats (p=0.030), and significant differences in the numberof hepatic clear cells (p=0.029).CONCLUSIONSAqueous soursop leaf extract orally increases neuroglia of the cerebral cortexand nucleus accumbens, and hepatic degeneration in female rats.

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