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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 589 Documents
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Artesunate-tinospora combination treatment decreases nuclear factor kappa-B and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in mouse malarial models Izzati, Nur; Fitri, Loeki Enggar; Dalhar, Mochammad
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.222-228

Abstract

BackgroundCerebral malaria is a severe form of malaria caused by brain ischemia. Artesunate, an artemisinin derivative, is the standard WHO therapy for severe malaria. Tinospora crispa (brotowali) is a traditional plant with antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antiparasitic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of combinations of artesunate and T. crispa extract on nuclear factor kappa-B (NFêB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in the brain of mouse malaria models.MethodsThis was an experimental post-test only control group study using C57BL/6J mice infected with Plasmodium berghei, divided into 7 groups: negative control, positive control, group receiving artesunate 32 mg/kgBW, group receiving tinospora extract 3.5 mg/kgBW, and three groups receiving combinations of artesunate 32 mg/kgBW and tinospora extract 2.5 mg/kgBW, 3 mg/kgBW and 3.5 mg/BW, respectively. The expression of NFêB and ICAM-1 was measured by immunohistochemistry. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data.ResultsNFkB and ICAM-1 expression increased significantly in the positive controls compared to all other groups (p=0.000). NFkB expression was significantly lower in the groups receiving artesunate and tinospora at 3 mg/kgBW and 3.5 mg/kgBW, as compared with the artesunate only group (p=0.003; p=0.005) and the tinospora extract only group (p=0.001; p=0.003). NFkB expression in all combination treatment groups was similar to that in the negative controls (p>0.05), whereas ICAM-1 expression did not differ between single and combination treatment groups (p>0.05). ConclusionThe combination of artesunate and T. crispa extract is better in decreasing NFêB and ICAM-1 expression in the brain of mouse malaria models.
Resistensi dari bakteri enterik: aspek global terhadap antimikroba Yenny, Yenny; Herwana, Elly
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.46-56

Abstract

Resistensi antimikroba dari bakteri merupakan suatu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang sifatnya global. Masalah ini menjadi bertambah penting dalam hal pengobatan infeksi enterik. Di negara-negara berkembang resistensi terhadap obat-obat lapis pertama (first-line drugs) telah dijumpai di antara luman-kuman patogen enterik, yang disebabkan oleh penggunaan antimikroba yang semena-mena. Pada beberapa kasus, derajat resistensi memaksa digunakannya obat-obat lapis kedua dan ketiga, yang harganya lebih mahal. Situasi ini juga mengancam timbulnya resistensi terhadap golongan obat-obat antimikroba golongan ini yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan beban ekonomi yang besar dan resistensi multipel. Di banyak negara berkembang, data mengenai prevalensi resistensi antimikroba sedikit sekali ditemukan. Kurangnya fasilitas laboratorium merupakan kendala besar dalam mengembangkan surveilans yang efektif. Untuk mempertahankan jangka efektivitas suatu antimikroba, khususnya di negara berkembang, perlu dilakukan perbaikan sistem surveilans untuk memantau timbulnya resistensi antimikroba, perbaikan akses laboratorium, peraturan penggunaan antimikroba yang lebih baik, dan pendidikan masyarakat.
Exercise training decreases body mass index in subjects aged 50 years and over Haryono, Ignatio Rika
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.137-143

Abstract

Exercise training can improve blood pressure in normotensive, prehypertensive, and hypertensive subjects. One of the mechanisms of blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients with obesity is through weight loss. This study aimed to examine the effect of exercise training on bodyweight and the relationship between weight loss and reduction of blood pressure. An experimental pre-post test design without controls was used to evaluate the effect of exercise training on weight loss. The study involved 89 elderly aged 50 years or more, consisting of 40 men and 49 women, who were members of Senayan Sport Fitness Club and had been exercising for at least three months. Exercise training was programmed and performed three times a week, consisting of aerobic (walking, jogging, static cycling), and resistance exercise. All exercise was performed for one to two hours with mild to moderate intensity. Blood pressure and body weight were obtained from medical records. Paired t-test showed that systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP), and body mass index (BMI) were significantly lower after training [(systolic, 126.3 ± 2.9 vs 122.3 ± 2.7, p=0.02), (diastolic, 80.2 ± 3.1 vs 77.2 ± 2.4, p=0.00), (MAP, 95.6 ± 4.6 vs 92.2 ± 3.4, p=0.00), (PP, 46.1 ± 4.2 vs 45.1 ± 3.6, p=0.04), (BMI, 24.5 ± 2.9 vs 23.6 ± 2.9, p=0.04)]. Duration of training was the most influential factor affecting rBMI, (Beta = 0.38; p=0.00). Exercise training could lower BMI and the reduction in diastolic blood pressure was higher for the subjects aged 70 years and over.
Low Ki-67 gene expression in non-neoplastic proliferation of oral mucosal epithelium Janti Sudiono; Irmawati Hassan
Universa Medicina Vol. 31 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.159-166

Abstract

BACKGROUNDNeoplastic and non-neoplastic oral mucosal growths often have a variety of clinical manifestations according to their biological nature. Immunohistochemical diagnostic markers, such as Ki-67, are used to detect their proliferation and differentiation. Ki-67 is expressed in all phases of the cell cycle, except G0. The objective of this study was to determine Ki-67 expression in benign, malignant and non-neoplastic proliferation of oral mucosal epithelium.METHODSA laboratory study of cross sectional design was conducted using samples from excised oral mucosa diagnosed as inflammatory gingival hypertrophy (n=5); epulis (n=6); gingival polyps (n=5); pulpal polyps (n=5); papilloma (n=3) and squamous cell carcinoma (n=2). The antigen retrieval endogenous peroxidaseblock method was used in the application of Ki-67 primary  antibody and chromogen to display the antigen antibody reaction, with positive  cells showing brown nucleoplasm staining. The Ki-67 positive index was calculated by dividing the number of positive epithelial cells with the total number of epithelialcells in the areas observed at 400x magnification. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the Ki-67 indexes of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions.RESULTSThe highest Ki-67 positive index was for squamous cell carcinoma (64.55 ± 23.55%) followed by papilloma (23.33 ± 6.94%), gingival polyps (7.06 ± 7.43%) and gingival hypertrophy (1.40 ± 2.80%). One-way ANOVA showed significant differences in Ki-67 expression between neoplastic and non-neoplastic  samples (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONSThe high Ki-67 expression in neoplasms is proportional to the  grade of malignancy. In non-neoplastic processes Ki-67 expression is merely an adaptive response and does not indicate increased Ki-67 proliferative gene expression.
Hubungan antara status kesehatan mulut dan kualitas hidup pada lanjut usia Wangsarahardja, Kartika; Dharmawan, Olly V.; Kasim, Eddy
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.186-194

Abstract

LATAR BELAKANGProporsi lanjut usia bertambah lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan kelompok usia lain terutama di negara yang sedang berkembang, dan usia harapan hidup juga meningkat. Kesehatan mulut yang buruk berdampak negatif terhadap kualitas hidup pada usia lanjut, dan membutuhkan program kesehatan mulut secara intensif.METODEPenelitian ini menggunakan rancangan potong silang dan dilaksanakan di kelurahan Cideng, Tomang, dan Jati Pulo. Tigaratus enampuluh delapan lanjut usia (umur &gt; 60), mampu berjalan, mampu berkomunikasi, bersedia berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini dambil sebagai sampel. Informasi tentang umur, jenis kelamin, status pernikahan, pendidikan, pekerjaan, status sosio-ekonomi (penghasilan), dan kualitas hidup telah dikumpulkan oleh 6 orang pewawancara yang sudah dilatih. Status kesehatan mulut dikumpulkan melalui pemeriksaan gigi-mulut oleh 3 orang dokter gigi.HASILIndeks kesehatan gigi (DMFT) rata-rata pada lanjut usia &gt; 70 adalah 15,57 + 10,36, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan usia &lt; 70 (12,31 + 9,72). DMFT berhubungan lemah secara bermakna dengan domain persahabatan dan cinta kasih (intimacy) (domain 6) (r=0,151; p&lt;0,05) dan kualitas hidup secara keseluruhan (r=0,135; p&lt;0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan setiap domain kualitas hidup pada lansia.KESIMPULANBerdasarkan tingginya indeks DMFT pada lanjut usia yang berdampak negatif terhadap kualitas hidup, maka diperlukan intervensi yang bertujuan memperbaiki kesehatan mulut.
Manual handling as risk factor of low back pain among workers Harrianto, Ridwan; Samara, Diana; Tjhin, Purnamawati; Wartono, Magdalena
Universa Medicina Vol 28, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.170-178

Abstract

Disorders of the musculoskeletal system constitute a considerable health problem in industrialized societies. Low back pain (LBP) remains a common and costly problem among the workers. Workplace injuries, primarily musculoskeletal disorders, are a persistent problem for nursing. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate prevalence of LBP as well as the potential risk factors associated with LBP. These potential risk factors include individual characteristics, job duration, type of work, and manual handling knowledge and practice. Seventy-six subjects consisting of 30 nurses and 46 administrative workers were recruited into the study. Symptoms of LBP cases were assessed by means of a simple questionnaire, and the diagnosis of LBP was confirmed by clinical examination. The study showed that the overall point prevalence rate of LBP was 42.1%, while the overall 12-month prevalence rate was 69.7%. Occupational group and manual handling practice were independent predictors for point prevalence of LBP. Nursing occupation significantly increased the risk of point prevalence rate of LBP by 2.703 (95% C.I. OR 1.046 – 6.984) compared to administrative workers. Nurses with frequent manual handling practice had a 2.917-fold higher risk of developing a point prevalence of LBP, although this risk was statistically not significant (OR=2.917;95% C.I. 0.094-3.003). The study indicates that an association exists between manual handling practice and LBP prevalence.
Increased knowledge of thalassemia promotes early carrier status examination among medical students Dewanto, Julius Broto; Tansah, Haryono; Dewi, Sari Puspa; Napitu, Helena; Panigoro, Ramdan; Sahiratmadja, Edhyana
Universa Medicina Vol 34, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2015.v34.220-228

Abstract

BACKGROUNDThalassemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, in which the patient requires life-long blood transfusion. As Indonesia harbors 6 to 10% thalassemia carriers, thalassemia prevention measures such as early screening and education in the community are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitude and practice about thalassemia among young medical students. METHODSA cross-sectional analytic observational study was conducted on 179 subjects in 2015, using a questionnaire with items on knowledge, attitude and practice about thalassemia for data collection. After signing informed consent, the questionnaire was filled in by the students and a blood test was performed when the students agreed to be examined. Detection of probable thalassemia carrier status was done by determination of hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. RESULTSThe knowledge about thalassemia of the first year medical students (n=179) was good (21.1%), moderate (70.9%) and poor (21.1%). Only 67 (38.3%) of the students agreed to a blood examination for determination of their carrier status after filling-in the questionnaire. The knowledge of thalassemia among first year medical students was statistically related to the timing when they would agree to have their thalassemia carrier status examined (p=0.021, one way ANOVA test). CONCLUSIONA higher thalassemia knowledge score causes medical students to be willing to undergo thalassemia carrier status examination at an earlier point in timing. A well-organized educational program focusing on thalassemia and early screening in young adults may enhance the thalassemia prevention program.
Mean platelet volume increases in proliferative retinopathy among diabetes mellitus subjects Mardiya Sari; Dharma Lindarto; Dairion Gatot
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.43-48

Abstract

BACKGROUND Mean platelet volume (MPV) shows the average size of platelets in the circulation and can be used to assess the activity of platelets. Increased of MPV can be sign of atherotrombosis and can be used to assess the risk of vascular complications such as retinopathy diabetic (RD). The aim of this study was to determine correlation between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), MPV with degree of retinopathy in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. METHODS A cross sectional study from June until July 2013 was conducted involving 77 DM subjects. Anamnesis, laboratory examination and funduscopy had been done in all subjects. One way ANOVA was used to assess the differences between MPV with other parameters to the degree of retinopathy and continued with Bonferroni test to assess the differences between the degree of retinopathy with the parameters that significantly different in one way ANOVA. RESULTS One way ANOVA showed significance difference of mean MPV between normal funduscopy group compared than proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group (9.57 ± 0.63 fl vs 10.45 ± 0.51 fl, p=0.044). PDR group were older (p=0.001), longer suffered from DM (p=0.001) and hypertension (p=0.011). Bonferroni test showed no significance difference of mean MPV between normal funduscopy versus non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group (p=0.290) and NPDR versus PDR (p=0.409). CONCLUSION There was a significance differences between MPV with the degree of retinopathy. Platelets may play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular complications and that MPV can be used as simple parameter to assess the vascular events in DM.
Duration of asthma affects pulmonary function in asthmatic children Gandaputra, Ellen P.
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.1-7

Abstract

Asthma is a common chronic disease and information on its management practices at the community level is helpful in identifying problems and improving asthma care. The prevalence of asthma in children below 18 years of age is around 9.3% and is on the increase. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between pulmonary function and duration of asthma in children. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the outpatient clinic of RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo in Central Jakarta. The study subjects were children aged 6-18 years with frequent episodic or persistent asthma. Among the 31 subjects there were 28 children with frequent episodic asthma and 3 children with persistent asthma. The duration of frequent episodic asthma ranged from 4 to 84 months, with a mean duration of 28 months. The FEV1 and V50 values decreased in proportion to the duration of asthma (p=0.003 and p=0.012, respectively). Mean FEV1 in persistent asthma was lower than that in frequent episodic asthma (82.7% vs. 61.2% at p=0.005). Similarly V50 and V25 were lower in persistent asthma, but the decrease was not statistically significant. The decrease in FEV1 and V50 values was proportional to the duration of asthma. The severity of asthma is indicative of inadequate asthma control, resulting in a proportional decrease in pulmonary function. Therefore prevention of asthmatic attacks is an essential feature of asthma management in children in order to enhance their quality of life.
Aerobic exercise increases connexin43 expression in rat cardiac muscle Fransisca Chondro; Minarma Siagian; Dewi IS Santoso
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 3 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.155-164

Abstract

Background Intercellular communication in cardiac muscle is effected by connexin, particularly connexin43 (Cx43), forming gap junctions in cardiomyocytes. Aerobic physical exercise may result in increased left ventricular size and function. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of aerobics and detraining on C43 expression and distribution in rats.MethodsThis was an in vivo experimental study on 32 young male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into the following 8 groups and their interventions: I : 4 weeks of aerobics (A4); II: exercise control for 4 weeks (C4); III: 4 weeks of aerobics plus 4 weeks of detraining (A4D4); IV: 8-week control (C8); V: 12 weeks of aerobics (A12); VI: 12-week control (C12); VII: 12 weeks of aerobics plus 4 weeks of detraining (A12D4); VIII: 16-week control (C16). Rat cardiac tissue was subjected to immunohistochemical assay to determine total Cx43, intercalated disc Cx43, and lateral Cx43. Independent t-test was used to compare all Cx43 parameters between control and treatment groups. ResultsAfter aerobics, there were significant differences in total Cx43, intercalated disc Cx43, lateral Cx43, and intercalated disc Cx43 and lateral Cx43 percentages between control and treatment groups (p<0.05). Between-group comparison in treatment groups did not find significant differences between exercise-only groups and groups with exercise plus detraining. Cx43 surface area tended to decrease after detraining. ConclusionsAerobics significantly increases Cx43 levels in rat hearts. Detraining decreases intercalated disc Cx43 and lateral Cx43.

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