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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 602 Documents
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Waist circumference as a predictor for blood glucose levels among men and women 40 to 60 years of age Hardiman, Shinta L; Nevita, Intan; Krisna, Puspa; Susiyanti, Eva
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.6-11

Abstract

Anthropometric indexes such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist hip ratio (WHR), are useful measurements to provide important information on blood glucose concentration. The aim of this study was to determine several anthropometric measurements, in particular BMI, WC, HC and WHR, in their ability to predict the blood glucose levels in men and women 40 to 60 years of age. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 44 men and 127 women aged 40 to 60 who lived in Cipete Selatan subdistrict, South Jakarta. Blood glucose levels were assessed and anthropometric indexes such as BMI, WC, HC, WHR were measured. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the best predictor for blood glucose levels. The study showed that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 was 12.9% and higher in men (20.5%) than in women (10.2 %). The significant predictive variables in the simple regression analysis were age and WC. Multiple linear regression showed that after adjustment for age, WC was positively associated with blood glucose levels. Standardized b value was 0.172 (p=0.026). WC predicts blood glucose levels, beyond that explained by traditional diabetic risk factors and BMI. The findings support the recommendation that WC be a routine measure for identification of DM type 2 in men and women aged 40 to 60.
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreases vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in postmenopausal women Pusparini, Pusparini; Wiradharma, Danny; Herwana, Elly
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.146-154

Abstract

In premenopausal women cardiovascular disease is rarely encountered, but after menopause the prevalence of cardiovascular disease increases drastically. There are several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, known as traditional risk factors, among others body fat concentration, age, duration of menopause, body mass index (BMI), and estradiol concentration. Cardiovascular disease is considered as an inflammatory disorder, in which adhesion molecules play an important role. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is one of the adhesion molecules with an important role in the atherosclerotic process. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of risk factors affecting the expression of VCAM-1 in postmenopausal women. This study was a cross-sectional study involving 182 postmenopausal women in the age range of 47- 60 years, who were residents of Mampang Prapatan subdistrict, South Jakarta. Venous blood samples were obtained for laboratory investigations, viz. fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transamirase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transmirasi (SGPT), bilirubin, total protein, albumin, estradiol and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).A multiple regression analysis was performed on traditional risk factors and their relationship with VCAM-1 concentration. The results showed there were five traditional risk factors influencing VCAM-1 concentration, viz. duration of menopause, BMI, estradiol concentration, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. Among these five factors, LDL cholesterol had the greatest influence on VCAM-1 expression (beta coefficient = -0.253 and p=0.001). In conclusion, LDL cholesterol concentration decreased VCAM-1 expression in postmenopausal women.
Subtypes and phylogenetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in Jayapura Mirna Widiyanti; Tri Wibawa; Holy Arif Wibowo
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.49-57

Abstract

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that infects human immune system. HIV is genetically differentiated into HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV- 1 is classified into 3 groups : M,N and O. M Group is divided into 9 subtypes, namely : A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J and K. HIV subtype mapping would become a good reference to study the epidemiology of HIV-1. HIV phylogenetic analysis required to understand virus origin, geographical distribution and tracking parameter of HIV transmission process in sample area. The objective of this study was to determine HIV-1 subtype distribution and the relationship between HIV-1 subtypes from with genBank HIV isolate based on envelope gene fragment. METHODS A cross setional design was conducted involving 36 subjects in Jayapura between January to March 2013. Blood samples were taken and analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), nested PCR and confirmed with sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis performed along 400 bp of envelope gene fragment. The data were analyzed with Bioedit ver.7 and MEGA 5.1. software. RESULT Two types of HIV-1 subtype were found in Jayapura Regency. CRF01_AE was confirmed in 31 patients (86.1%) and subtype B in 5 patients (13.9%). Phylogenetic analysis showed phylogenetic relationship between CRF01_AE from jayapura with subtype from Singapore and Thailand, while subtype B from Jayapura were closely related with subtype from United States and United Kingdom CONCLUSION This study reflect the independent introduction of multiple HIV-1 strains into Papua, with the rapid spread in the majority of infected patients tested of single strain of HIV-1 (CRF01_AE).
High Framingham risk score decreases quality of life in adults Yosaputra, Christian; Kholinne, Erica; Taufik, Erick Susanto
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.27-33

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia,  smoking, and obesity tend to occur together in the general population. Increasing prevalence of multiple CVD risk factors has been related to increased risk of death from coronary heart disease and stroke. Studies have suggested that people with several risk factors of CVD may have impaired health-related quality of life. The objective of this study was to assess the association of CVD risk factors with quality of life (QOL) among adults aged 40 to 65 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving  220 subjects 40 - 65 years of age at a health center. The CVD risk factors were assessed using the Framingham risk score that is the standard instrument for assessment of the risk of a first cardiac event. The risk factors assessed were age, smoking, blood pressure, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. QOL was assessed by means of the WHOQOL-BREF instrument that had been prevalidated. The results of the study showed that 28.2% of subjects were smokers, 56.4% had stage 1 hypertension, 42.8% high total cholesterol and 13.6% low HDL cholesterol. The high risk group amounted to 45.5% and 42.3% constitued an intermediate risk group. High CVD risk scores were significantly associated with a low QOL for all domains (physical, psychological, social and environment) (p=0.000). Preventing or reducing the multiple CVD risk factors to improve QOL is necessary among adults.
Foot orthoses improve kinematic measurement in young women with biomechanical abnormality Maria Regina Rachmawati; Angela BM Tulaar; Muctarudin Mansyur; Ferial Hadipoetro Idris; Ismail Ismail; Ratna Darjanti Haryadi
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 3 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.187-196

Abstract

BACKGROUNDFoot pronation causes biomechanical abnormalities in the form of functional leg-length disparity. Foot orthoses are often used in the treatment of abnormal pronation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of foot orthoses on abnormal kinematic chain the differences of pelvic height, step length, and walking distance on walking test in young women with biomechanical abnormality.METHODS A randomized double blind controlled clinical trial was conducted on 27 young adult women having abnormal biomechanical abnormalities. By random allocation the subjects were divided into the intervention group (14 subjects) receiving correction of foot pronation using foot orthoses, and the control group (13 subjects) receiving no orthoses. Before and during use of foot orthoses, we determined pelvic height difference (mm), step length difference (cm), and walking distance at maximal walking speed for 15 minutes. RESULTS Correction of foot pronation resulted in decreased pelvic height difference from 4.7 ± 2.1 mm to 1.7 ± 1.3 mm (p<0.001) and in a reduction in step length difference, from 4.9 ± 2.9 cm to 2.1 ± 1.5 cm (p=0.002). Walking test distance of the intervention group was 1318.5 ± 46.3 m, as compared with that of the control group of 1233 ± 114.7 m (p = 0.05). Walking distance of the intervention group rose steadily in the second test to 1369.3 ± 27 m, and in the third test to 1382.14 ± 10.5 m (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Foot orthoses improved the kinematic chain, resulting in a more symmetrical pelvic height, reduced step length difference, and increased functional walking ability.
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 regulates cell differentiation and proliferation in neuroblastoma Amallia N. Setyawati; Takehiko Kamijo
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.153-162

Abstract

BACKGROUNDNeuroblastoma  (NB)  is  one  of  the  most  common  extracranial  solid  tumorsoccurring in infancy and childhood with highly variable outcomes. Polycombgroup (PcG) proteins are epigenetic gene silencers. Enhancer of zeste homolog2 (EZH2) is a member of the polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2) group,with  the  main  function  to  catalyze  the  polycomb  repressor  complex  bymethylating lysine 9 and 27 of histone H3. This study aimed to investigate thebiological functionality of EZH2 in NB. METHODSThis was an experimental study with an analysis of correlation initially of theknown prognostic factors of NB patients’ outcomes, by comparing the expressionof v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene neuroblastoma (MYCN) withthat of EZH2, on the basis of the patients’ overall and relapse free survivalrates. This was followed with a biological functional study to assess the role ofEZH2 expression in NB. RESULTSEZH2 knockdown induces neurite extension and differentiation marker growthassociated  protein  43  (GAP43)  in  NB  cells,  although  it  does  not  affect  cellcycle. By ectopic expression of EZH2, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) inducedneurite extension was suppressed and GAP43 was decreased. Overall, EZH2seems to have an important role in NB cell differentiation. Although EZH2 didnot alter cell proliferation, in the soft agar colony formation assay there was asignificant increase in total colony number and number of large colonies. CONCLUSIONOur  result  clarified  the  potential  role  of  EZH2  in  the  regulation  of  celldifferentiation and proliferation, which subsequently may play an importantrole in the poor prognosis of NB patients.
Family history of hypertension increases risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women: a case-control study Endeshaw, Mulualem; Abebe, Fantu; Bedimo, Melkamu; Asrat, Anemaw; Gebeyehu, Abebaw; Keno, Alemayehu
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.181-191

Abstract

Background Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortalities worldwide. Despite extensive research, the underlying cause of preeclampsia remains poorly understood. This study aimed to offer compelling evidence on the important risk factors of preeclampsia in Amhara region, Ethiopia.MethodsA case control study was conducted in public health facilities of Bahir Dar city from September 2014 to January 2015. A total of 453 (151 cases and 302 controls) pregnant women were enrolled in this study. Hemoglobin level and urinary tract infection (UTI) status were collected from clinical notes. Oral examination was performed by a dentist for detection of periodontal diseases. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship of all the independent variables with the outcome variable. A p-value &lt;0.05 was declared statistically significant.ResultAdvanced maternal age (AOR=4.79;95% CI 1.031-22.18), family history of hypertension (AOR=11.16;95% CI 5.41-41.43), history of diabetes mellitus (AOR=6.17;95% CI 2.11-20.33), UTI in the current pregnancy (AOR=6.58;95% CI 2.93-14.73), failure to comply with iron and folic acid supplement during pregnancy (AOR=8.32;95% CI 3.35-20.62), lack of exercise (AOR=3.33;95% CI 1.35-8.17), multiple pregnancy (AOR=4.05;95% CI 1.57-12.27), anemia (AOR=4.19;95% CI 1.27-13.92), and periodontal disease or gingivitis (AOR =3.51;95% CI 1.14-10.83) were associated with preeclampsia.Conclusion Family history of hypertension was the most dominant risk factor for preeclampsia in pregnant women. Encouraging pregnant women to have health seeking behavior during pregnancy would provide a chance to diagnose preeclampsia as early as possible.
Deteksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis dan resistensinya terhadap rifampisin dengan Metode nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dan sequencing Rosilawati, Maria Lina
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.1-10

Abstract

Latar BelakangDNA rpob (RNA polymerase sub unit b) Mycobacterium tuberculosis dapat diamplifikasi secara spesifik dengan metode nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nested PCR yang dilanjutkan dengan sequencing dapat secara langsung diaplikasikan untuk mendeteksi M. tuberculosis dan menentukan mutasi pada gen rpob yang berkaitan dengan resistensinya terhadap rifampisin, pada isolat klinis maupun sampel sputum. MetodeDalam penelitian ini digunakan 20 isolat klinis dan 30 sampel sputum yang diamplifikasi dengan primer yang dirancang dari bagian gen rpob M. tuberculosis. Metode fenol-kloroform dan metode Boom masing-masing digunakan untuk ekstraksi DNA isolat klinis dan sampel sputum. Sequencing hanya dilakukan untuk hasil PCR dari sampel sputum. HasilDari 20 isolat klinis, 15 isolat positif terdeteksi sebagai M. tuberculosis dengan nested PCR, 4 isolat tergolong Mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT) dan 1 isolat non-Mycobacteria. Hasil nested PCR pada 30 sampel sputum dengan 25 sampel basil tahan asam (BTA) positif dan 5 sampel BTA negatif, menunjukkan hasil positif pada 21 sampel. Besarnya produk first-round dan second-round PCR masing-masing adalah 205 bp dan 157 bp. KesimpulanNested PCR dengan sequencing lebih sensitif dan spesifik dalam mendeteksi  M. tuberculosis dan resistensinya terhadap rifampisin.
Personal hygiene and asymptomatic bacteriuria in women aged 40 to 65 years Ambarwati, Farasita; Elfani, Maysarah; Margastutie, Apriani; Dahuri, Nurul Mahirah Binti Mohd.
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.54-62

Abstract

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) is one of the bacterial infections most frequently found in women in all age groups, particularly in postmenopausal women. Around 10-25% of women suffer from symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) all their life. Several risk factors are associated with the occurrence of ABU in females, such as a history of UTI, sexual activity, diabetes mellitus, personal hygiene, sexual hygiene, and menopausal status. The aim of this study was to determine the most important risk factor of influence on ABU in premenopausal and postmenopausal women at the Pasar Minggu Primary Health Center. This was an analytical cross-sectional observational study. The study sample consisted of premenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 40-65 years visiting a Primary Health Center of the Pasar Minggu Subdistrict, South Jakarta, who were selected by consecutive sampling. The data analysis used prevalence ratios and logistic regression. The results of the study showed that the prevalence of positive bacteriuria in females was 45%. Sexual activity, sexual hygiene, menopausal status of the females, and personal hygiene were risk factors of ABU. Personal hygiene was the most influential risk factor on the occurrence of ABU in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Since in this study ABU was present in 45% of women, thus making it a common disorder in middle-aged and older women, it is recommended that the primary care physician directly administer therapy to women with symptoms of UTI without performing laboratory analysis.
Combination of three species of Zingiberaceae prevents doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity Heny Ekowati; Sarmoko Sarmoko; Retno Widiastuti
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.11 - 19

Abstract

BACKGROUND Doxorubicin as an anticancer drug has hepatotoxic side effects. Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale are commonly used as herbals in Indonesia and around the world. Several compounds in these plants have antioxidant activities and are known to exhibit protection against doxorubicin-induced toxicities. This study aimed to observe the hepatoprotective effect of a combination of C. xanthorriza, C. longa, and Z. officinale extract on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. METHODS A total of 28 Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: 1) control group (0.9% NaCl); 2) doxorubicin 5 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip) four times in 14 days (days 1, 5, 9, 13); 3) doxorubicin + combination of C. xanthorriza, C. longa, and Z. officinale (temulawak, kunyit, and jahe merah, designated as Tekuja) 250 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days; and 4) doxorubicin + Tekuja extract 500 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days. Measurements of parameters based on liver histopathology and the parameters of serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino tranferase (AST). RESULTS Doxorubicin caused significant elevation in serum ALT and AST enzymes after 14 days of treatment. Rats treated with doxorubicin + Tekuja extract 250 mg/kg/ day showed no histological changes, but had decreased levels of ALT and AST. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the combination of C. xanthorriza, C. longa, and Z. officinale has a protective effect in rats against liver damage induced by doxorubicin

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