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INDONESIA
Policy & Governance Review
Published by Indonesian Association for Public Administration
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Social Sciences Other
This journal encompasses issues and practices in policy analysis, public management, public policy and administration. PGR provides high quality study outcomes and new thoughts for academic practitioners, researchers, scientists and consultants to discuss about social science theories and concepts to significant political, economic and social issues and to the ways in which public policies are made.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 180 Documents
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Oxygen Systems in Indonesian Hospitals: Cross- Sectional Study and Strengthening Roadmap Meliala, Andreasta; Olivia Frans, Sandra; Hidayah, Widy; Nurfadillah, Siti; Rarasati, Srimurni; Nisa, Iztihadun; Krautmann, Michael; Magnanni, Robert
Policy & Governance Review Vol 9 No 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v9i3.1288

Abstract

Medical oxygen is a life-saving medicine essential to modern healthcare; however, ensuring its availability remains a critical policy challenge in low- and middle-income countries. Weaknesses in production, distribution, and preparedness often translate into inequities in access, while the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated how governance and logistical failures can rapidly escalate into a national emergency. This study aimed to assess the oxygen system readiness in Indonesian hospitals and highlight priority gaps for reform. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022 across 96 hospitals in 18 districts across five provinces. Using an adapted WHO Biomedical Equipment for COVID-19 Case Management Inventory, seven domains of oxygen readiness were evaluated: oxygen source, distribution, regulation, delivery, monitoring, power supply, and maintenance. Findings revealed that only 65% of hospitals had a complete oxygen system, with better readiness among hospitals on Java, public hospitals, and higher-class facilities (A and B). Significant disparities persist, particularly among referral hospitals outside Java and among lower-class hospitals. This study underscores the importance of embedding oxygen management explicitly into health system reform and governance frameworks. Strengthening oxygen supply mechanisms offers practical and managerial opportunities to enhance resilience, equity, and preparedness for future health emergencies.
The Politics of Collaborative Governance in Local Health Promotion in the Philippines: Determinants, Risks, and Institutional Reforms Regie Manuel, Reiou; B. Cruz, Rizalino
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i1.1350

Abstract

Public health promotion at the local level is a critical yet often overlooked aspect of health governance in the Philippines. While health promotion initiatives have been studied, there is limited empirical analysis on how local governance structures, political dynamics, and institutional coordination shape health promotion implementation at the local level. Giv- en the decentralized nature of health governance in the country, frontline health workers, local officials, formal and informal institutions play a pivotal role in health promotion. Yet, their actions are often constrained by transaction costs and political disincentives. Building on the Institutional Collective Action (ICA) framework and the Political Market Framework, this paper tackles the factors shaping collaborative governance in health pro- motion by local government units (LGUs). Specifically, it raises the questions: What are the factors impeding collaboration among health promotion stakeholders at the local lev- el? How do coordination, division, and defection risks shape day-to-day implementation? What formal and informal reforms have been adopted to mitigate those risks? A qualitative study is employed using Malabon City as a case study. Key informant inter- views, focus group discussions, and policy document review provide qualitative insight into the governance dynamics across 21 barangays constituting the smallest administra- tive units in the Philippine governance system. Findings reveal that: (i) ambiguous mandates and overlapping roles inflate negotiation, monitoring, and enforcement costs; (ii) partisan gatekeeping turns health promotion ben- efits into club goods, producing spatially and politically uneven service access; and (iii) informal networks and social capital of Barangay Health Workers (BHW) partially substi- tute for formal mechanisms but remain vulnerable to electoral turnover. Where transac- tion costs are minimized – e.g., through ordinances institutionalizing Health Promotion Units, pooled budgeting for multi-barangay health centers, and merit-based BHW tenure – collaboration gains stability and scale.
The change in Japanese dual representative system caused by social media: Technological Innovation vs. Traditional Governance: Striking a balance Kimura, Shunsuke
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i1.1349

Abstract

This study addresses the question: How is the advancement of social networking ser- vices (SNS) affecting changes in the dual representative system of local government in Japan? It posits the following hypotheses: Social media has influenced the Japanese dual representative system in two ways: by promoting theatrical political behavior and by bringing about an agonistic democracy. The political phases can be divided into two categories: (a) theatrical political behavior (political action and direct requests) and (b) agonistics democracy in the check and balance system (Veto, Non-confidence and Provisional decision). They are evolving in response to citizens’ desires for direct policy control and the emergence of theatre democracy. Furthermore, the current analysis suggests that the widespread use of social media has coincided with signifi- cant changes in the operation of the dual representative system and that social media has significantly influenced these changes. Agonistic democracy emphasizes conflict and discord over coordination and consensus building, viewing them as essential to democratic vitality. This perspective, when combined with the rapid dissemination of emotionally charged information, tends to facilitate theatricalized political actions and results in polarized, conformist political behavior, wherein assembly members of- ten face pressure to engage in politically aligned action. Considering these challenges to the dual representative system, this study proposes several measures for assemblies, assembly members, and citizens to respond to the influence of social media. First, as- semblies must guard against monolithic entities in the face of incentives for agonistic political action, which are facilitated by social media. They should remain aware of their role as forums for diverse opinions in which both majority and minority voices coexist. Second, individual council members should acknowledge their vulnerabili- ties in issue formation. Even in the face of social media-driven peer pressure, they must engage in issue formulation within the assembly as a reflection of representative democracy, developing resilience to resist pressures that favor theatrical democracy. Third, in an era where social media is pervasive, citizens must recognize the imper- ative to engage in rational discourse that enables informed public decision-making while scrutinizing public discourse to avoid being swept up in inflammatory rhetoric.
Beyond Compliance: A Systematic Review of Ethics, Accountability, And Transparency in Indonesian Governance Rahmah Hanifa, Maftuh; Dwi Wahyunengseh, Rutiana; Suharto, Didik Gunawan; Gunawan Suharto, Didik
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i1.1361

Abstract

This article discusses a Systematic Review of Ethics, Accountability, and Transpar- ency in Indonesian Governance. This topic falls within the public ethics and public accountability cluster in public administration studies, which emphasizes how moral principles, institutional integrity, and accountability mechanisms establish transparent and trustworthy governance. For a long time, accountability studies focused more on fiscal reporting and administrative control, while transparency focused on regulations and digitalization, and ethics related to corruption or the individual behaviour of of- ficials. However, there are significant lacks of research that systematically integrates these three aspects. This article fills that gap through a systematic literature review of publications from 2015 to 2025 regarding ethics, accountability, and transparency in the public sector in Indonesia. Based on the classic Friedrich-Finer debate, prin- cipal-agent theory, and the Public Accountability Framework, this analysis positions ethics as a normative foundation, transparency as an information tool, and account- ability as a multidimensional practice. The results show that despite digitization initia- tives, a weak ethical foundation hinders their effectiveness in preventing corruption and eroding public trust. This article synthesizes diverse literature and proposes an integrated public administration governance framework that emphasizes the impor- tance of ethical, accountable, and transparent governance in Indonesia, while also enriching the governance discourse.
Assessing Collegial Collective Leadership and Capacity Building to Strengthen Institutions: Insights from the Indonesian Parliament Budi Santoso, Priyo
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i1.1279

Abstract

This study tested collegial collective leadership in the Indonesian Parliament and its influence on institutional capacity within a coalition-based political system. It ex- plores whether parliamentary leadership effectiveness stems from individual author- ity or from structured, collective mechanisms embedded in partisan dynamics, and adapts the transformational leadership theory to a legislative context. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach and content analysis, drawing on sec- ondary sources, notably peer-reviewed articles. Data were collected from databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as “colle- gial leadership,” “collective leadership,” “parliament,” “transformational leadership,” and “institutional capacity.” Findings reveal a hybrid leadership model: authority is formally shared among the Speaker and deputy speakers and exercised through com- missions, inter-faction consultations, and plenary consensus, but coalition strength strongly shapes the policy outcomes. Transformational leadership dimensions appear institutionally: idealized influence and inspirational motivation are dispersed across party hierarchies; individualized consideration is limited; and intellectual stimulation, embedded in commission scrutiny and iterative policy review, most strongly enhances the institutional capacity. The study concludes that parliamentary leadership depends on structured deliberation, coordination, and coalition stability rather than on charis- matic authority. Institutional strengthening requires the reinforcement of deliberative procedures, transparent coordination, and systematic learning mechanisms.
Global City Competitiveness: Gendered Labor Dynamics and Women’s Economic Participation in Jakarta, Indonesia Widyaningrum, Novi; Sekarjati, Citra
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i1.1358

Abstract

Globalization and digital economic transformation have intensified competition among cities to strengthen their positions in global economic networks. While glob- al city scholars have traditionally emphasized advanced producer services, finance, and highly skilled labor as the primary drivers of urban competitiveness, less atten- tion has been given to the gendered dynamics of urban labor markets. This study examines how women’s economic participation contributes to urban competitive- ness in Jakarta, a rapidly transforming metropolitan region experiencing structural adjustments as Indonesia’s national capital. A qualitative case study approach was employed, drawing on semi-structured interviews with 18 informants representing government agencies, financial institutions, civil society organizations, and women entrepreneurs, complemented by secondary data from policy documents and official statistics. The findings indicate that women play a significant role in sustaining Jakar- ta’s urban economy through microenterprises, digital entrepreneurship, and localized production networks that support household income and community-level employ- ment. However, women’s economic participation remains constrained by structural barriers, including limited digital and financial literacy, household economic vulner- ability, gender segmentation within digital markets, and fragmented policy support for microenterprise development. These findings suggest that urban competitiveness cannot be understood solely through high-value global economic sectors; decentral- ized entrepreneurial networks that sustain local economic resilience must also be con- sidered. Therefore, this study argues that gender-inclusive economic participation constitutes a structural component of sustainable urban competitiveness in emerging globalizing cities.
Fiscal Subordination and Proposal Driven Dependency in West Sumatra’s Local Budget Putri Hanida, Rozidateno; Putri Meldianto, Redni
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i2.1302

Abstract

Fiscal decentralization has been undertaken to strengthen the fiscal autonomy of SNG and to enable them to monitor the achievement of local development priorities and public service delivery functions. Regional budget formation and bargaining may be affected in the long run by efficiency oriented fiscal transfer mechanisms and new institutional setups. Considering the allocation of fiscal transfers based on efficiency‚ this paper uses a qualitative case study approach to identify three issues: how sectoral fiscal transfers are allocated‚ how institutional mechanisms are used to access them‚ and how sectoral fiscal transfers are integrated into the budget process at the provin­ cial level in West Sumatra. Field data was collected from a document analysis of fiscal transfer allocations and provincial budget planning documents‚ and semi structured interviews with government officials involved in budgeting and development plan­ ning processes. The findings revealed two dynamics. First‚ efficiency oriented fiscal transfer mechanisms reinforce structural fiscal dependence on centrally administered funding schemes. As a result‚ it is difficult for provincial governments to develop their own development programs‚ especially when the fiscal transfers do not cover minimum needs for a certain level of service. Second‚ the institutional design of pro­ posal based transfer mechanisms shifts the locus of determination of many program priorities away from political debates in the provincial legislature toward technocratic administrative planning processes in regional governments’ bureaucracies. As a re­ sult‚ many program priorities are determined at the planning stage before the provin­ cial budget process‚ and not during it. Thus‚ the study adds to the literature on fiscal decentralization by shifting the attention to fiscal transfer systems‚ which affect both the allocation of financial resources across levels of government and the character of subnational governance. It shows that fiscal transfer systems also effectively shape regional fiscal autonomy and the budget deliberation process. Based on the findings‚ it argues for the study of intergovernmental fiscal transfer systems through the lens of regional governance.
Policy Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Indonesia’s Customs: Feasibility, Barriers, and Implications Rofiyanti, Eka; Agustina, Dwi; Firzah, Muhammad
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i2.1304

Abstract

Governments worldwide have adopted Artificial Intelligence (AI) in customs oper­ ations to enhance efficiency, increase revenue, and improve national security as a fundamental aspect of the country’s vision and mission. However, there is inefficient management and a lack of government commitment to maintaining this consistently. This indicates that global research on AI in customs is abundant, but in developing countries like Indonesia, the priority aspect remains uneven. In addition, this study applies qualitative and content analysis methods to secondary data to test issues in Indonesian customs operations. Essentially, this confirmation indicates that the con­ cretization of IA in customs operations could enhance administrative processes (e.g., reporting goods, collecting revenue, and reducing goods fraud). These findings un­ derscore the need for governments to establish regulations and comply with interna­ tional trade agreements to provide visibility and access to customs operations. In sum­ mary, this study provides a clear commitment to applying AI in customs operations, with appropriate approaches grounded in visibility and access.
Mapping the Landscape of Publication Trends in Digital Diplomacy: A Systematic Literature Review Sukma Oktaviani; Salahudin Salahudin
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i2.1360

Abstract

This article examines recent publication trends related to the study of digital diploma- cy by identifying, mapping, and describing the main themes widely discussed in the literature. This study contributes to the growing discussion of digital diplomacy by bringing together research that is still widespread in various disciplines. Another con- tribution of this study is that it offers a broader picture of how diplomacy is increas- ingly being practiced and studied in digital settings. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was used as a research approach by analyzing 456 peer-reviewed articles in- dexed in the Scopus database and published between 2020 and 2025. Article selection followed the PRISMA procedure, while bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer was used to explore thematic patterns and main clusters of research. The analysis iden- tified six major clusters in digital diplomacy research: pandemic, digital transforma- tion, diplomatic relations, engagement, content analysis, and digitalization. It shows that the COVID-19 pandemic became an important turning point that accelerated the use of digital platforms in diplomatic practices and maintained diplomatic commu- nication when physical interaction was restricted. The results of this study show that digital diplomacy is gradually shifting from crisis-related discussions to broader issues of governance and technological adaptation. The study also found that the distribu- tion of themes and regional representatives related to digital diplomacy was uneven.
Is There Indigenous Governance in Coastal Tourism Village Management? Ike Wanusmawatie; Shinta Fatimah Durrety; Ulvi Rohmatul Khasanah
Policy & Governance Review Vol 10 No 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v10i2.1355

Abstract

Management in coastal tourism villages has become increasingly complicated because it requires the harmonization of different elements, such as the economy, society, and the environment. For instance, if indigenous governance exists in a communi- ty, management of the village becomes increasingly complicated. This study seeks to explore the facilitation of management by the indigenous governance concept. This study seeks to establish how the concepts of participation and local wisdom in indigenous governance affect management success. Academically, this study seeks to establish gaps in the literature on indigenous governance in tourism management. From a practical perspective, this study seeks to provide the necessary information for decision-making. A mixed method approach will be adopted to undertake this research by analyzing data qualitatively and quantitatively using 44 articles available in Scopus. As revealed by quantitative content analysis, indigenous governance is not related to management success (Asymp. Sig. = 0.546). Numerous other variables have a greater impact on success. Nevertheless, indigenous governance recognizes, governs, and ensures the sustainability of the Dringu community.

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