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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

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Articles 2,118 Documents

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Bilateral Hydronephrosis with Recurrent Infections I.G.N. Wila Wirya; Hariarti Hariarti
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 19 No 3-4 (1979): March - April 1979
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A case of bilateral hydronephrosis due to a congenital hereditary anomaly was reported. The operation was performed to remove the right kidney and ureter. Correction of the obstruction in the left ureter resulted in the better functioning of the left kidney, although we cannot be sure in the long run.

Prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity Cut Badriah; Idham Amir; Elvioza Elvioza; Evita Ifran
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 52 No 3 (2012): May 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the main causeof visual impairment in premature infants. Due to advances inneonatal care, the increased survival of extremely low birth weight(ELBW) infants in recent years has produced a population ofinfants at very high risk of ROP.Objective The aims of this study were to determine theprevalence and potential risk factors for ROP.Methods This retrospective study was conducted at theNeonatalogy Ward, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, fromJanuary 2005 to August 2010. We included all prematureinfants of gestational age (GA) < 37 weeks, body weight(BW) not exceeding 2000 grams, as well as those who hadeye examinations and complete medical records. Risk factorssuch as GA, BW, duration of oxygen (Oz) therapy, sepsis, andred blood cell (RBC) transfusion were analyzed using the Chiô€€»square and logistic regression tests. Pediatric ophthalmologistshad performed eye examinations on all infants. ROP was gradedaccording to the International Classification of ROP.Results The prevalence of ROP and of stage 3 or greaterROP was 11.9% and 4.8% of all subjects, respectively. Bodyweight, GA, duration of Oz therapy, and sepsis were found tobe associated with the development ofROP. However, stepwiselogistic regression analysis revealed that only BW of:s 1000g [odds ratio (OR) 10.88; 95% CI 3.09 to 38.31; P < 0.000],02 therapy 2: 7 days (OR 5.56; 95% CI 1.86 to 16.58; P <0.0001), and GA of oS 28 weeks (OR 4.26; 95% CI 1.15 to15.81; P = 0.030) were statistically significant risk factors forROP. The equation obtained was y ô€€ƒ -4.092 + 2.388 (BW)+ 1.451 (GA) + 1.716 (duration of 02 therapy). The modelshowed good calibration (a nonô€€»significant Hosmerô€€»Lemeshowtest; P = 0.816) and discriminative ability. The area underthe curve (AUC) value was 92.2% (95% CI 0.867 to 0.976;P < 0.0001).Conclusion Prevalence ofROP in this study (11.9%) was lowerthan that of previous studies. By regression logistic analysis, themain risk factors for development ofROP were BW of:s 1000g, Oz therapy 2: 7 days, and GA :s 28 weeks. The probability ofROP occurrence increased v.ith greater number of risk factors.[Paediatr rndones. 2012;52:138-44].

Duration of peripheral intravenous catheter use and development of phlebitis Rita Andriyani; Hindra Irawan Satari; Pustika Amalia
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 53 No 2 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Phlebitis is a common complication in patients withperipheral intravenous catheters, in addition to extravasation andbacterial colonization. Phlebitis may increase morbidity and lengthof hospitalization. One factor contributing to the rate of phlebitis isthe duration of peripheral intravenous catheter use. Several adultstudies have shown that the risk of developing phlebitis increasedwhen the peripheral intravenous catheter was used for more than72 hours. However, in pediatric patients this risk has not beenconsistently observed. As such, there is no recommendation forroutine catheter removal every 72 hours in children.Objective To assess for a possible relationship between durationof peripheral intravenous catheter use and the development ofphlebitis.Methods This analytic observational study had a case controldesign. Subjects consisted of 73 case subjects and 73 controlsubjects. We collected subj ects' data through history-taking andclinical examinations. The duration of peripheral intravenouscatheter use was reported in hours.Results From October 2011 to February 2012, 146 children fromthe Department of Child Health at Dr. Cipto MangunkusumoHosp ital and Tangerang Hospital who used peripheral intravenouscatheters were enrolled in this study. There was no significantdifference between <7 2-hour and 2: 72-hour duration ofperipheral catheter use (OR 1.31; 95%CI 0.687 to 2.526;P= 0.407) on the development of phlebitis.Conclusion We observe no relationship between duration ofperipheral intravenous catheter use and the development ofphlebitis in our subjects.

The prevalence and clinical features of depressive syndrome in children with epilepsy in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta Rini Sunarwati; Dwi Putro Widodo; Bambang Madiyono; Willy Edith HP
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 44 No 5 (2004): September 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Symptoms of depression often emerge in childrenwith epilepsy, but parents or caregivers are not always able torecognize them.Objective To assess the prevalence and clinical features of de-pressive syndrome among pediatric epilepsy patients in CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta.Methods This was a cross-sectional study on children aged 8-18 years. Child Depression Inventory (CDI) was used as theinstrument for assessing depressive symptoms.Results Depressive syndrome was found in 34 out of 89 subjects.The three most frequent depression symptoms were self-deprecation (via peer comparison), indecisiveness, and pessimism.Frequency of seizures, mode of therapy, and EEG result wereimportant factors in the development of depressive syndrome inchildren with epilepsy.Conclusions The prevalence of depressive syndrome in childrenwith epilepsy was 38%. Symptoms of depression mostly found inthis study were self-deprecation (via peer comparison), indecisive-ness, and pessimism

Agreement between the Denver II and Parentsâ€™ Evaluation of Developmental Status tests, with and without the assistance of a table of categorical responses Arief Priambodo; Meita Dhamayanti; Eddy Fadlyana
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 5 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Among standardized developmental screening tools, the Denver II is commonly used by Indonesian pediatricians, but the Parentâ€™s Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) test has gained in popularity. The Denver II test is filled by physicians, while the PEDS test is meant to be filled by parents. From a practical standpoint, however, parents often require assistance from doctors when filling out the PEDS forms. Hence, the advantage of the PEDS test over the Denver II test is not fully realized.Objective To compare the agreement between Denver II and PEDS tests, with and without parental use of a table of categorical responses taken from the PEDS manual.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in children aged 6 months to 5 years in Bandung from November 2015 to March 2016. Subjects were divided into two groups using block randomization. One group of subjectsâ€™ parents filled the PEDS questionnaires with the assistance of a table of categorical responses taken from the PEDS manual, while the other group of subjectsâ€™ parents filled PEDS forms without this table. All subjects underwent Denver II screening by pediatricans. The agreement between the PEDS and Denver II results were assessed by Kappa score.Results Of 254 children, 239 were analyzed. Kappa scores between the Denver II and PEDS tests were 0.05 (95%CI: -0.10 to 0.20) without the table of categorical responses, and -0.06 (-0.23 to 0.10) with the table of categorical responses.Conclusion Agreement between the Denver II and PEDS tests is poor. The table of categorical responses does not increase the agreement between Denver II and PEDS.

Effect of Low Lactose Milk Eiwit Melk (E.M.) on Protein Calorie Malnutrition Suharjono Suharjono; I.G.N. Wila Wirya; Samsudin Samsudin; Sunoto Sunoto; Z. Sulaiman; Sutedjo Sutedjo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 15 No 9-10 (1975): September - October 1975
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

During 1Â½ years, from January 1972 until July 1973, 55 P.C.M. children hospitalised in the Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indonesia/Dr. Tjipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, were involved to this study. Self-prepared "Eiwit Melk (E.M.)" containing protein 2.7%, carbohydrate (lactose) 1.4%, fat 2.2% and calories 600, was used. Thirty children were treated with E.M. and 25 children as controlled, i.e. treated with E.M. + lactose 3.4% (E.M.L.). The results of the clinical trial as expressed with the increase of body weight, were excellent in 85.7% and good in 14.3%, whereas the results in the controlled group were excellent in only 9.1%, good in 36.4% and poor in 54.5%. From these excellent results, low lactose milk formula might be recommended in treating children with P.C.M.

Knowledge, attitude, and behavior of pregnant women on early initiation of breastfeeding Yoke Ayukarningsih; Sutedja Sutedja; Anna Mardiyah
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 3 (2014): May 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Infant mortality rate is an indicator of the degree ofhealth in society. In Indonesia, the infant mortality rate remainshigh, with most deaths occurring in the first 24 hours of life.Breastfeeding has been shown to reduce infant mortality, especiallyif undertaken in the first hour of life. This practice is knownas early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB). According to variousstudies, EIB implementation may be influen ced by many factorssuch as knowledge, attitude, behavior, and health care facilities.Objective To assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and behaviorof pregnant women towards EIB.Methods We conducted a descriptive study using questionnaireson 74 pregnant women in the outpatient clinic of Obstetrics andGynecology Department, Dustira Hospital, Cimahi, West Java,Indonesia from November to December 2012.Results Out of 74 respondents, 21 % had a good level of knowledgeon EIB, 23% had an adequate knowledge, and 56% had less thanadequate knowledge on EIB. A positive attitude towards EIBwas found in 65% of the respondents, while 35% had a negativeattitude. With regards to behavior conducive to EIB, 8% ofrespondents had good behavior, 57% had moderate behaviot; and35%had less than adequate behavior.Conclusion Majority of pregnant women have less than adequateknowledge on EIB, a positive attitude towards EIB, and moderateto less than adequate behavior conducive to EIB.

Pediatric index of mortality 2 scores in pediatric intensive care unit patients Monica Sampurna; Ida Bagus Suparyatha; I Gede Raka Widiana
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 1 (2016): January 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Comprehensive care for critically ill children in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is done with the aim of achieving good outcomes. Severe disease in children is characterized by disruption of homeostatic processes, and can be evaluated by mortality scoring methods. There are several mortality scoring methods which can be used to predict mortality in children, the pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) and pediatric index of mortality (PIM) are the most preferably used among all. The pediatric index of mortality 2(PIM2) is a key mortality prediction model for children receiving treatment in intensive care units, but its use has not been well validated in Indonesia.Objective To evaluate the performance of PIM2 model in PICU patients.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on PICU patients at Sanglah Hospital from November 2012 to April 2013. Patients underwent PIM2 scoring during their admission. The predictive ability of PIM2 scoring for patient mortality was analyzed using ROC curve.Results A total of 54 patients were included in this study, of whom 8 (14.8%) died. Discrimination between survival and death was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and found to be 0.81 (95% CI 0.59 to 1.03). Sensitivity was 75 (95%CI 36 to 96)% and specificity was 98 (95%CI 87 to 99)%. The PIM2 cut off value was â‰¥ -0.99.Conclusion The PIM 2 model has a good discriminatory power and calibration for predicting the mortality of children admitted to PICU and therefore is recommended for routine use in clinical practice. [

Pattern of newborn babies delivered by cesarean section Guslihan D Tjipta; Riza I Nasution; Dachrul Aldy; Zakaria Siregar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 1 (2003): January 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background The birth rate in Indonesia is still high and abnormallabor constitutes 15% of all deliveries which needs cesarean sec-tion as a solution for complicated cases.Objectives To find the general physical condition of babies bornafter cesarean section as well as the characteristics of motherswho underwent cesarean section.Methods A retrospective study on newborn babies delivered bycesarean section conducted in Subdivision of Neonatology, Medi-cal School, University of North Sumatera-Pirngadi Hospital Medan,in period of 2 years (1991-1992).Results There were 8762 babies born during the study period,1484 babies (16.93%) delivered by cesarean section due to pla-centa previa (26.2%), prolonged labor (15.8%), cephalopelvic dis-proportion (10.3%), neglected labor (9.9%), eclampsia/preeclamp-sia (8.1%), fetal distress (7.5%), previous section (6.6%), breechpresentation (5.7%), solutio placenta (4.0%), and others (5.9%). Itwas shown that mothers undergoing caesarean section was mainly20-30 years old (66.4%), multigravida (47.8%), term gestationalage (79.4%), and minimal antenatal care (61.3%). There were 1224(82.5%) babies with birth weight >2500 grams and 894 (60.2%)suffered from asphyxia.Conclusions The evidence of asphyxia by cesarean section andlow birth weight group was significantly different from those nor-mally delivered (p<0.001). The mortality rate was 11.5% due tostill birth 29.2%, RDS 18.3%, sepsis 15.5%, pneumonia 12.3%,and gastroenteritis 11.5%

Outcome of synthetic adrenocorticotropin hormone treatment in children with infantile spasm I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.94-100

Background Infantile spasms (IS) is an age-spedfic epilepsy syndrome characterized by flexor, extensor, and mixed flexor-extensor spasms which often occur in clusters during the first 2 years of life. IS is often difficult to manage 'With the usual anti-epilepsy drugs (AEDs). Therapy with adrenocorticotropin honnone (ACTH) has been used since 1958. In Indonesia, ACTH usage is still rare.Objective This study aims to examine the effectiveness of ACTH as an anti-epileptic drug in managing IS.Methods This was descriptive retrospective cohort study. Subjects were IS patients who visited the neurology outpatient clinic in Sanglah Hospital, Bali, from January 2007 until June 2010. Each subject received AED(s) plus either ACTH or methylprednisolone for 4ô€†6 weeks.Results There were 19 IS patients over the four year duration of this study. They were mostly boys (11), aged 2 weeks to 17 months, with a mean age at treatment of 9 months. Eighteen patients received poly therapy, while one patient received only phenobarbital as monotherapy. Most patients who received ACTH (13/16) had a seizure-free period, while the 3 that did not receive ACTH continued having seizures. Patients who received ACTHshowed a good response (seizure-free) after 5-13 days therapy and their EEG pattern showed disappearance of burst suppression Mthin 1-2 weeks. ACTH side effects included weight gain and cushingoid appearance. One patient died from pneumonia.Conclusions Diagnosis of IS should be considered in patients pre-senting Mth spasms at less than 6 months old. IS treatment should begin as soon as possible. IS patients responded well to a short course of ACTH therapy.Â

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