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INDONESIA
Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,118 Documents
 42   43   44   45   46 
Continuous sedation vs. daily sedation interruption in mechanically-ventilated children Henri Azis; Silvia Triratna; Erial Bahar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 1 (2016): January 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (280.5 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi56.1.2016.19-23

Abstract

Background A daily sedation interruption (DSI) protocol in ventilated patientsis an effective method of improving sedation management that decreases the duration of mechanical ventilation. In adult patients, it is a safe and effective approach, as well as common practice. For ventilated children,its effectiveness and feasibilityare unknown.Objective To compare continuous sedation and DSI in mechanically-ventilated children with respect todurationof mechanical ventilation, the time needed for patients to awaken, and the frequency of adverse events.Method This randomized, controlled, open-label trial, was performed in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Forty children on mechanical ventilation were included. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either continuous sedation or DSI. The duration of mechanical ventilation was the primary outcome, while the time for patients to awaken on sedative infusion and the frequency of adverse events were secondary outcomes.Results Forty patients were randomized into the continuous sedation protocol (18 subjects) or into the DSI protocol (22 subjects). The median (interquartile range) duration of mechanical ventilation was significantly shorter in the DSI compared to the continuous sedation group [41.50 (30-96) hours vs. 61 (30-132) hours, respectively; (P=0.033)]. The time for patients to awaken was also significantly lower in the DSI than in the continuous sedation group [median (interquartile range): 28 (24-78) vs. 45.5 (25-12) hours, respectively; (P=0.003)]. The frequencies of adverse events were similar in both groups. The severity of illness contributed to outcome variables.Conclusion The duration of mechanical ventilation and the time for patients to awaken are significantly reduced in the DSI group compared to the continuous sedation group.
Airway reversibility in newly developed asthma in children Ariyanto Harsono; Sri Kusumawardani; Makmuri MS; Gunadi Santosa
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 1 (2003): January 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (321.312 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.1.2003.1-5

Abstract

Objective To determine factors influencing forced expiratory vol-ume in one second (FEV 1 ) reversibility in newly developed asthmain childrenMethods A cross sectional study was done on 52 patients aged 6-14 years who were recruited from a longitudinal study of 161 newlydeveloped asthmatic children. Pre and post-bronchodilator FEV 1were obtained to calculate the reversibility. Seven patients had toperform peak expiratory volume (PEV) variability before recruited.Some variables including sex, age, height, onset of asthma, fre-quency of asthma attacks at the time of the test were analyzed toevaluate their roles in the outcome of FEV 1 reversibility using pairedsample t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multi regres-sion analysis.Results Mean pre- and post-bronchodilator FEV 1 were 1.14 (SD0.24) and 1.31 (SD 0.28), respectively. FEV 1 reversibility rangedbetween 6%-36%. Bivariate analyses demonstrated significant cor-relation between either cough (p=0.031) or symptom-free (p=0.041)and the airway reversibility. Multivariate analysis showed that coughwas an important factor influencing airway reversibility (p=0.0246).Conclusion Cough is an important influencing factor of the air-way reversibility
Properties of endotracheal tubes reprocessed by two procedures Elisa Elisa; S. H. Purwanto; A. T. Aman; Y. Pranoto; Kusmono Kusmono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.73-8

Abstract

Background Reusing endotracheal tubes (EITs) has been performed in Indonesia with no evidence of its safety. Objective To evaluate sterility, as well as the mechanical, surface, and matrix properties of reused EITs following 2 different reprocessing procedures.Methods Reused EITs were cleaned and disinfected, then sterilized by ethylene oxide gas sterilization (group A) or dry heat sterilization (group B). New EITs were used as the standard for comparison. Microbes were identified and microbial counts were determined as colony forming units (CFUs). Evaluation of mechanical properties was perfonned by a Universal Testing machine. All samples underwent tensile and compression tests.Load defonnation curves were recorded from F max and strain at F max. Microstructure analysis was done using X􀁅ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).Results Positive cultures of commensal bacteria were found in 2/12 samples in group A, and 5/17 samples in group B. T here was no statistically significant difference between them (P =0.07). Pseudomonas aeruginosa or other common pathogens were not found. Samples from both groups showed equal flaccidity, compared to the standard. Surface microstructure analysis of reused EITs 'With XPS and EDX showed degradation of the matrixcomponent. SEM analysis detected some large particles and fissures. EDX analysis on the large particles detected sodium and calcium signals. Altogether, signs of contamination and material damage were very strong.Conclusion Both reprocessing methods of reused EITs gave comparable results on sterility and mechanical behavior, but reprocessing may cause decreased surface and matrix quality. 
Efficacy of aminophylline vs. caffeine for preventing apnea of prematurity Hendy Hendy; Setya Wandita; I Made Kardana
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 6 (2014): November 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi54.6.2014.365-71

Abstract

Background Apnea of prematurity (AOP) usually occursin neonates with a gestational age < 34 weeks. The WorldHealth Organization has recommended the administration ofcaffeine or aminophylline to prevent AOP, but the efficacy ofaminophylline remains unclear, and caffeine citrate is not availablein Indonesia.Objective To compare the efficacy of aminophylline to that ofcaffeine for preventing AOP.Methods This single-blind, clinical trial was conducted onneonates (gestational age 28-34 weeks) who were able to breathespontaneously within the first 24 hours of life and admitted toSanglah Hospital from December 2012 to April 2013. Subjectswere randomly allocated into two groups, namely groups ofaminophyllin and caffeine. The aminophylline group receivedaminophylline dihydrate at an initial dose of 10 mg/kg body weight,then continued with a maintenance dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weightevery 12 hours. The caffeine group received anhydrous caffeineat an initial dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, then continued witha maintenance dose of 1.25 mg/kg body weight every 12 hours.We followed subjects up until they were 10 days old. Subjectsreceived per oral therapy for seven days. The efficacy comparisonbetween the two groups was assessed by Chi-square test with 95%confidence interval (CI) and a statistical significance value of P< 0.05. We used multivariate test to analyze the confoundingfactors.Results Ninety-six subjects participated in this study; 48 subjectsreceived aminophylline therapy and the other 48 subjects receivedcaffeine therapy. Twenty-eight subjects experienced apnea: 13subjects from the aminophylline group (27.1%), and 15 subjectsfrom the caffeine group (31.3%). It appeared that aminophyllinewas slightly better compared to caffeine, but the difference wasnot statistically significant, with a relative risk of 0.9 (95% CI0.5 to 1.3; P=0.8). We found vomiting to be a side effect of boththerapies, and not significantly different between groups. SepsisFrom the Department of Child Health, Udayana University MedicalSchool/Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar1 and Gadjah Mada University MedicalSchool/Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta2.Reprint requests to: Hendy, Department of Child Health, UdayanaUniversity Medical School, Sanglah Hospital, Jl. Pulau Nias, Denpasar,Bali 80114. Tel./Fax: +62-361-244038. E-mail: hendyhalim.md@gmail.com.Infant prematurity is defined as a gestationalage of < 37 weeks. Africa has the highest birthrate of premature infants of 11.9%, while thatof Southeast Asia is approximately 11.1%.1The main issue that premature infants face is apnea.Apnea is caused by incomplete development ofthe respiratory center, and is known as apnea ofprematurity (AOP). Several factors underlie thenecessity of AOP prevention: an 85% incidence ofAOP in infants with gestational age <34 weeks,2difficulty in diagnosing AOP, unpredictable onset,short- and long-term effects, long treatment lengthand requirement of intensive care. The World Healthand hyaline membrane disease were found to be confoundingfactors in this study.Conclusion Aminophylline and caffeine have similar efficacywith regards to preventing AOP.
Motor Development in Malnourished Children in Indonesia Yasuhide Nakamura; Masroel Siregar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 1-2 (1998): January - February 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (596.474 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi38.1-2.1998.29-37

Abstract

Severe protein-energy malnutrition during infancy is closely related to physical growth and mental development. Very few reports mention the effects on motor development of mildly to moderately malnourished infants. Our study was conducted to clarify the relationship between malnutrition and motor development during infancy. We examined 1,065 children at Posyandu (Integrated Service Posts) in North Sumatera, Indonesia. Motor development, such as sitting and walking, was significantly more delayed in malnourished children than in well-nourished children. Parachute reaction showed no significant differences between well-nourished and malnourished children. Parachute reaction is a very simple technique and can differentiate between children with cerebral-palsy and malnourished children unable to walk. It might be one of the most appropriate technologies for use at the primary care level.
Obesity accelerates secondary sexual maturity in girls Meirina Sari; Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono; Madarina Julia
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 52 No 4 (2012): July 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (113.89 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi52.4.2012.213-8

Abstract

Background Worldwide incidence of obesity in children isincreasing. Obesity may have many health effects includingadvancement of sexual maturity.Objective T he aim of this study was to assess the timing ofsecondary sexual maturation in obese vs. non􀁄obese girls.Methods Subjects were 105 obese and 105 non􀁄obese girls, aged7 to 8 years who had not entered puberty. Breast and pubic hairgrowth, secondary sexual characteristics, were assessed at baselineand every 4 months for two years. Onset of puberty was defined asTanner stage for secondary sexual maturation of 2: breast Tannerstage II (B2) and/or 2: pubic hair Tanner stage II (P2). Survivalanalyses were used to estimate time to puberty in both groups.Cox regressions were used to analyze possible factors affectingsecondary sexual maturation.Results Mean onset of breast budding (B2) was 7.8 (95% CI 7.7to 7.8) years in obese girls vs. 8.6 (95% CI 8.5 to 8.6) years innon􀁄obese girls (P<O.OOl). Mean onset of pub arc he (P2) was 8.7(95% CI 8.6 to 8.8) years in obese girls vs. 9.0 (95% CI 8.9 to 9.0)years in non􀁄obese girls (P<O.OOl). Hazard ratios of obese girlsto experience an earlier secondary sexual maturation at maturitylevel B2, B3 and P2 were 1.34 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.52), 6.91 (95%CI 3.90 to 12.24) and 3.78 (95% CI 2.42 to 5.89), respectively.Conclusions Obesity was associated with earlier onset ofpuberty in girls. Obese girls entered puberty approximately 3 to9 months earlier than their non􀁄obese peers. [Paediatr Indones.2012;52:213-8].
Anthropometric measurements for detecting low birth weight Kusharisupeni Kusharisupeni; Wahyu Kumia Y. Putra; Engkus Kusdinar Achmad
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 53 No 3 (2013): May 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (113.743 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi53.3.2013.177-80

Abstract

Background In several provinces of Eastern Indonesia, themajority of births take place at home (60%) and are assisted bytraditional birth attendants. Most of these newborns do not havetheir birth weight recorded, due to lack of available weighing scalesor lack of skill to perform the measurement, especially in ruralareas. As such, an early iden tification oflow birth weight cases isneeded to prevent infan t morbidity and mortality.Objective To assess anthropometric measurements including calf,chest, and h ead circumferences as a method of choice for detectinglow birth weight, as substitute for actual weighing.Methods This cross-sectional study was performed at BanjarBarn, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, from January to March 2012.Subjects were full term, singleton, and live-born infants duringthe study period, and obtained from private clinics by a purposivesampling procedure. Calf, chest, and h ead circumferences weremeasured to identify the most suitable substitute for birth weightusing Pearson's correlation, ROC, sensitivity, and specificity.Results In this study, a correlation was shown between birthweight and all anthropometric measurements. Optimal calf,chest, and head circumference cutoff points to identify low birthweight infants were 10.3 cm, 30. 7 cm, and 3 1.2 cm, respectively.The area under the curves (AUC) showed good accuracy for allmeasuremen t types. Calf circumference had the closest estimatedtrue prevalence to the true prevalence (8.52% and 8.6%, respectively)compared to the other measurement types.Conclusion Calf circumference is the most suitable measurementas a substitute for birth weight, due to its estimated trueprevalence.
The relationship between thrombocytopenia and intraventricular hemorrhage in neonates with gestational age Idha Yulandari; Lily Rundjan; Muzal Kadim; Pustika Amalia; Haryanti F. Wulandari; Setyo Handryastuti
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 4 (2016): July 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.481 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi56.4.2016.242-50

Abstract

Background The prevalence of thrombocytopenia in neonates ranges from 22 to 35%, and one of the most feared complica­tions is intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Previous research in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH), Jakarta reported a high incidence of IVH (43.47%) in infants with a gestational age of <35 weeks. Intraventricular hemorrhage causes disturbances in neurological development and can be fatal. In Indonesia, re­search on the relationship between thrombocytopenia and IVH has been limited.Objective To study the relationship between thrombocytopenia and IVH in neonates with gestational age <35 weeks and assess for a correlation between the severity of thrombocytopenia and the severity of IVH.Methods This cross-sectional study was performed by reviewing medical records in the Neonatology Division of the Child Health Department, University of Indonesia, CMH. Subjects were neonates hospitalized from January 2012 to December 2014 with IVH. Subjects were categorized into either mild to moderate IVH (grade ≤2) or severe IVH (grade >2). Thrombocyte counts were recorded on the same day as the diagnosis of IVH.Results The risk of severe IVH was 28.2% in neonates with thrombocyte counts <100,000/uL, and 10.4% in neonates without thrombocytopenia (P=0.014). Multivariate analysis revealed that gestational age <32 weeks and the use of respira­tory support (ventilator and high frequency oscillatory ventila­tion) had significant associations with severe IVH. However, multivariate analysis did not show a significant relationship between thrombocytopenia and severe IVH (correlation coef­ficient = 0.21).Conclusion Thrombocytopenia is not significantly associated with the incidence of severe IVH based on multivariate analysis. Also, the severity of thrombocytopenia has no correlation with the severity of IVH.
Effects of massage on behavior of full-term newborns Tri Sunarti Wahyutami; Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko; Agus Firmansyah; Rulina Suradi
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 4 (2010): July 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi50.4.2010.187-92

Abstract

Background Baby massage is one of the touch stimulation that could be applied as soon as possible after birth. Giving massage regularly will affect the behavior of newborn.Objectives To explore the effects of ten-day massage on infant's behavior.Methods A randomized control trial was done from December 200S to March 2009. Full-term newborm were randomly assigned into massage group or control group. Babies in massage group were given massage by their mothers and supervised by midwives. All babies were evaluated twice, i.e., on day 1 and day 11, using Brazelton Scale (Neonatal Behavior Assessment Scale). The behavior was compared between the two groups.Results A total of 72 full-term newborn infants appropriate for gestational age were included in this study. Infants in the massage group sbowed significant difference in adaptive behavior compared to control group. Those adaptive behavior consisted of habituation (WMD 1.08 CI 95% 0.67 to 1.49, P<0.0001), social interaction (WMD 1.54 Cl 95% 1.23 to 1.84, P<0.0001), motor system (WMD 1.35 CI 95% 1.14 to 1.55, P<0.0001), organization state (P<0.0001), range of state (WMD 1.35 CI 95% 0.95 to 1.55, P< 0.0001), autonomic system (WMD 0.53 CI 95% 0.23 to 0.84, P<0.0001), end reflexes (P<0.0001).Conclusions Massage gives better adaptive behavior and reflexes of full-term newborns compared to those without massage.
Oxyuriasis at the Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan Berlian Hasibuan; Mahruzzaman Naim; Azwan H. Lubis; Syahril Pasaribu; Chairuddin P. Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 29 No 1-2 (1989): January - February 1989
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi29.1-2.1989.8-12

Abstract

During the period of 3 months (February - April 1987), a prospective study on oxyuariasis among children had been conducted at Child Health Deparment of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan. All children over 8 months of age were included in this study.The diagnosis was based on the modified Scoth 's technique. Oxyuriasis ova were found in 21 out 119 children (17,65%). The peak incidence was found in the school age.

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