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Paediatrica Indonesiana
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,118 Documents
Management of Lowe syndrome: a case report Risky Vitria Prasetyo; Heru Setiawan; Ninik Asmaningsih Soemyarso; Mohammad Sjaifullah Noer; Irwanto Irwanto; Prastiya Indra Gunawan; Rozalina Loebis; Sri Andreani Utomo; Ni Wayan Tirthaningsih
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 55 No 3 (2015): May 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2093.872 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi55.3.2015.176-84

Abstract

Lowe syndrome (the oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe, OCRL) is a multisystem disorder characterized by anomalies affecting the eyes, nervous system and kidneys.1-3 The disorder was first recognized by Lowe et al. in 1952, and described as a unique syndrome with organic aciduria, decreased renal ammonia production, hydrophthalmos, and mental retardation. In 1954, renal Fanconi syndrome was recognized as being associated with Lowe syndrome and in 1965, a recessive X-linked pattern of inheritance was determined.2,4 Lowe syndrome is a very rare disease, with an estimated prevalence in the general population of 1 in 500,000. According to the Lowe Syndrome Association (LSA) in the USA, the estimated prevalence is between 1 and 10 affected males in 1,000,000 people, with 190 living in the year 2000. The Italian Association of Lowe Syndrome estimated that there were 34 Lowe syndrome patients (33 boys and one girl) living in Italy in the year 2005.2,4,5 It almost exclusively affects males.6 Physicians may not be familiar with Lowe syndrome due to its rarity.4
Relationship between children’s and parents’ blood pressure Desy Aswira Nasution; Rusdidjas Rusdidjas; Supriatmo Supriatmo; Rafita Ramayati; Oke Rina Ramayani; Rosmayanti Siregar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 4 (2014): July 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (87.017 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi54.4.2014.202-5

Abstract

Background A family history of hypertension is a risk factor forhypertension in children. Past studies have reported a significantrelationship between elevated blood pressure in children andhypertensive parents.Objective To assess for an association between blood pressure inchildren and that of their parents.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 90 childrenaged 6-18 years in Baringin Village, Panyabungan, from May toJune 2010. Subjects were collected by consecutive sampling.Classification of hypertension was based on Fourth Task ForceGuidelines by measuring blood pressure, height, and weight. Weused Student's T-test to analyze numerical data. Simple linearregression was used to investigate the relationship between bloodpressures of children and their parents.Results Of the 90 participants recruited, 24 boys and 17 girlshad hypertensive parents. The mean systolic (SBP) , diastolic(DBP) and arterial blood pressure (MABP) were significantlyhigher in children with hyperten sive parents than in childrenwith normotensive parents [ (SBP 116. 7 (SD 7 .07) vs. 87 .1 (SD13.57) mmHg; P=0.0001), (DBP 77.8 (SD 8.33) vs. 51.8 (SD11.70) mmHg; P=0.0001), (MABP 90.7 (SD 7.41) vs . 63 .6(12.10) mmHg; P=0.000 1] . There was a significant relationshipbetween elevated SBP in boys and their fathers, as indicated bythe correlation coefficient (r =0.806; P=0.0001).Conclusion The blood pressure is significantly higher in childrenwith hypertensive parents than in those with normotensiveparents. There is a correlation between SBP in boys and that oftheir fathers.
Adolescent rape: Characteristics and short-term impact Titis Prawitasari; Hartono Gunardi; Bambang Madiyono; Rosdiana S Tarigan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 6 (2005): November 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.6.2005.246-50

Abstract

Background Data in Indonesia show that adolescents still havethe highest rate for rape and other sexual assaults among agegroup. There are gender differences in adolescent rape and sexualassault, with female victims exceeding males with a ratio of 3:1.Sexual assault and rape can affect numerous children and oftenlead to short-term and long-term consequences.Objectives To determine the characteristics and short-term im-pacts of adolescent rape.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 31 adoles-cents who had been raped 1-9 months previously. Subjects andparents were assessed using Child Behavior Checklist, Draw aPerson, House Tree Person, and Raven’s Progressive Matrices todetermine psychological problems. History and physical examina-tion findings at the time of rape were reviewed.Results Thirty out of 31 female adolescents were 13-18 years old.Almost half of them came from low income families and large fam-ilies, two-thirds of all subjects were living with their parents. Nine-teen of 31 perpetrators were friends or acquaintances, only 4 wererelatives. Tears of hymen were found in 21 subjects and only 8 ofthem had non-genital injuries. Nine of 31 subjects had a high aver-age range in non-verbal processing. Most subjects had a greattendency to feel insecure, anxiety, depression, and had interper-sonal relationship problems. Regression and aggressiveness werefound in almost half of the subjects. All subjects felt that theirmothers were protective and half of them had dominant fathers.Conclusion Almost half of the adolescent victims come from low-economic status and large families, most of the assailants werefriends or acquaintances. Adolescent rape victims have ongoingbehaviour problems. The most common problems are anxiety,depression, and relationship problems
Oral contraceptive use and conotruncal congenital heart disease Mars Nashrah Abdullah; Muhammad Ali; Melda Deliana; Tina Christina L. Tobing
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 6 (2014): November 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi54.6.2014.309-13

Abstract

Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents some of the more prevalent malformations among live births and remains the leading cause of death from congenital malformations. Conotruncal anomalies comprise a diverse group of CHD involving the outflow tracts of the heart and the great vessels. Oral contraceptive exposure before pregnancy may be one of the risk factors for conotruncal CHD. Objective To evaluate the effect of oral contraceptive use before pregnancy on the risk of conotruncal CHD in children. Methods A case-control study was conducted from July 2010 until July 2011 in Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan. Subjects with CHD were divided into two groups: conotruncal CHD as the case group and non-conotruncal CHD as the control group. Both groups had mothers with and without histories of oral contraceptive use before pregnancy. Parents were interviewed using questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square test, student’s T-test, and Mann Whitney test. Results A total of 80 subjects were eligible, with 40 subjects in each group. The percentages of subjects whose mothers used oral contraceptives were 62% of the conotruncal CHD group and 60% of the non-conotruncal CHD group (OR 0.82; 95%CI 0.33 to 1.98). The mean duration of maternal oral contraceptive use before pregnancy was 19.1 months for the case group and 18.8months for the control group (P=0.87). Conclusion In children with CHD, maternal oral contraceptive use before pregnancy does not appear to increase the risk of conotruncal CHD.
The Micro Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) Among Chiidren of the Tobacco Plantation Laborers in North Sumatra Anwar Napitupulu; Rehmamana Sembiring; Chairuddin P. Lubis; S.M. Manoeroen; Helena Siregar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 19 No 11-12 (1979): November - December 1979
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (206.391 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi19.11-12.1979.302-7

Abstract

Ninety-four children of the Tobacco Plantation Laborers of the PTP IX, aged between 2 months and 12 years, were investigated on erythrocyte sedimentation rate with the micro ESR method.
Ketorolac vs. tramadol for pain management after abdominal surgery in children Iman Hendarman; Silvia Triratna; Muhammad Kamaludin; Theodorus Theodorus
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 2 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (100.895 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi54.2.2014.118-21

Abstract

Background Tramadol is a pure analgesic widely used forpostoperative treatment and well tolerated by children. Howevet;it has only a 50% efficacy. Ketorolac, a non􀁙steroid anri􀁙inflammation drug (NSAID), is widely used in adults and has upto 85% clinical efficacy. Data supporting the use of ketorolac inchildren has been limited.Objective To compare the clinical efficacies of intravenousketorolac and tramadol for moderate􀁙to􀁙severe pain managementafter abdominal surgery in children.Methods A double􀁙blind controlled trial was conducted in Moh.Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, from January to June 2012. Subjectswere postoperative children aged 1 􀁙 7 years who met the inclusioncriteria. T hey were randomized into two groups who receivedeither intravenous ketorolac or tramadol. Subjects assessedtheir pain level using the Face, Legs, Anns, Cry and Consolability(FLACC) pain scale. T he FLACC scores ::::;3 were considered toindicate clinical success of the intervention. Data were analyzedby T􀁙test, Chi􀁙square test, and Fischer's exact test.Results Of the 60 subjects who underwent abdominal surgery withgeneral anesthesia, 31 (52%) were boys and 29 (48%) were girls.Subjects' mean age and body weight were 3.7 (SD 1.82) years and12.6 (SD 2.85) kg, respectively. Mean duration of surgery was 71.7(SD 21.11) minutes and mean post􀁙operative FLACC score was6.6 (SD 0.5). Eight subjects dropped out of the study. Efficacies ofketorolac and tramadol were not significantly different at 21/26 and17/26, respectively (P=OJ5). In addition, there was no significantdifference in the number of patients experiencing a >3 FLACCscore decline between ketorolac and tramadol groups (P=0.61).Conclusion T here is no significant difference in the efficaciesof intravenous ketorolac and tramadol for moderate􀁙to􀁙severepain management after abdominal surgery in children. [PaediatrIndones.2014;54:118.21.].
Ferric sodium edetate therapy in children with iron deficiency anemia Christie Moningkey; Max F.J. Mantik; Vivekenanda Pateda
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 55 No 2 (2015): March 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (86.995 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi55.2.2015.91-4

Abstract

Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is frequentlyfound in school-aged children. The main treatments for IDAare overcoming the causal factors and iron supplementation.Noncompliance in taking iron tablets and the possibility of ironabsorbtion or transport difficulties, can reduce efficacy of daily oraliron supplementation. Because excess iron storage in the intestinalcells can lead to mucosal blockage, twice weekly oral iron therapymay be considered instead of daily dosage.Objective To compare the effects of daily vs. twice weekly ferricsodium edetate (NaFeEDTA) on hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit(Ht), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscularhemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobinconcentration (MCHC) levels on children with IDA.MethodsWe conducted an open-label, randomized, prospectivestudy in 36 children with IDA aged 5-11 years. Subjects weredivided into two groups. For a one-month period, group I receiveddaily iron therapy (NaFeEDTA) and group II received twiceweekly iron therapy. Examinations of Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH, MCHCwere performed before and after iron therapy.Results There were no significant differences in Hb, Ht, MCV,MCH or MCHC levels after therapy between the daily and twiceweekly NaFeEDTA groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion Twice weekly NaFeEDTA therapy is as effective asdaily NaFeEDTA administration in children with IDA.
Association between serum cholesterol levels and nutritional status in school children aged 10-12 years Fransiscus H Wulur; Recky Dj B Pieter
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 3 (2003): May 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (269.134 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.3.2003.73-6

Abstract

Background Hypercholesterolemia in children is an important riskfactor that causes coronary heart disease in the future. Nutritionalstatus, especially overweight/obesity, is associated with hyperc-holesterolemia.Objective To determine the prevalence of hypercholesterolemiaand its association with nutritional status.Methods This was a cross sectional study conducted during April-June 2001. Subjects consisted of children aged 10-12 year-oldregistered at primary schools in Manado, Tondano, and TandenganMinahasa. Data were analyzed using t test, z score, and chi-square.Results Of the 229 samples, 153 (66.8%) were boys and 76 (33.2%) were girls. The mean of total cholesterol level in boys was 179.46mg/dL (SD 33.44) and in girls was 180.95 mg/dL (SD 33.77) whichwas not significantly different (p>0.05). There were no differencesin either the number of children having “borderline” cholesterol level(170–199 mg/dL) or hypercholesterolemia (3200 mg/dL) betweenboth sexes. Of the 229 children, 65 (28.4%) had hypercholester-olemia. Of the 65 children, 37 (36%) came from the primary schoolin Manado, which was significant compared to the other schoollocations (p<0.05). Twenty-five (39%) children with hypercholes-terolemia had overweight nutritional status, which was significantcompared to the other nutritional status (p<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 28.4 %.There was an association between hypercholesterolemia and nutri-tional status, with a tendency of hypercholesterolemia to occur atoverweight nutritional status, especially in the urban area
Phenotypic diversity in beta-HbE thalassemia patients Pustika Amalia Wahidiyat; Djajadiman Gatot; Tenny Tjitrasari; Harapan Parlindungan Ringoringo; N S Marzuki; R A Taufani; I Setianingsih; A Harahap
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 46 No 2 (2006): March 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi46.2.2006.82-6

Abstract

Background Thalassemia is a monogenic disease, yet the clini-cal manifestations (phenotype) are variable although they havethe same genotype. The clear-cut correlation between genotypeand phenotype in β-thalassaemia/HbE patients remains unex-plained. There are several factors that play a role in the severity ofthe clinical manifestations, i.e. two alpha-gene deletion, homozy-gote Xmn1 polymorphism +/+, -+-++, ++-++ haplotype, and hemo-globin Constant Spring.Objective To understand the clinical diversity of patients with HbE/α thalassemia and to determine whether it is possible to predictphenotypic severity from genetic factors.Methods A descriptive study on clinical presentations and hema-tological data of beta-HbE thalassemia patients. DNA analysis wasperformed to detect β-thalassemia mutations and the amelioratingfactors (alpha-globin genes deletions and Xmn1 restriction site poly-morphism at position –158 upstream of the G γ-globin gene) whichwere already known.Results Thirty patients with HbE/β thalassemia (4 to 29 years old)were recruited. IVS1-nt5 (G>C) severe β + mutation was detectedin 20 patients. Eighteen of 20 patients with positive IVS1-nt5 mu-tation group were heterozygous for Xmn1 restriction site polymor-phism and none of the patients was co-inherited with two á-globingene deletion. Almost all patients (19/20) with positive IVS1-nt5mutation group required regular transfusions, yet the mean age atfirst blood transfusion was older in negative IVS1-nt5 mutation groupthan that of positive IVS1-nt5 mutation group (5.7 vs 4 years). Meanhemoglobin before initial transfusion was higher in negative IVS1-nt5 mutation group than that of positive IVS1-nt5 mutation group(5.88 vs 5.39 g/dl). The mean total transfusion per year was lowerin the negative IVS1-nt5 mutation group than that of positive IVS1-nt5 mutation group (190.6 vs 215.1 ml/year).Conclusions Beta-HbE thalassemia patients with identical betathalassemia mutation (IVS1-nt5) show remarkable clinical diver-sity. Neither two alpha-gene deletion, nor the Xmn1- G γ polymor-phism can explain the phenotypic variation. Other amelioratingdeterminants or genetic modifications responsible for the variableclinical severity remain to be explored.
Differences in the stratum corneum of Indonesian infants and adults Tsutomu Fujimura; Kyoko Shima; Yuki Miyauchi; Mitsuyuki Hotta; Hiroshi Hashimoto; Danang Agung Yunaidi; Ratih Sofia Ika Putri; Puspita Ningrum; Yoshinori Takema
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 1 (2017): January 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi57.1.2017.35-40

Abstract

Background Although understanding the stratum corneum (SC) of infant skin is important to avoid skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, there has been no such investigation in Indonesian infants to date.Objective  To obtain a basic knowledge of SC characteristics in Indonesian infants in order to develop methods for infant-specific skin care and to prevent dermatitis and infection.Methods Seventy-two healthy, full term infants aged 1 to 24 months who were native Indonesians residing in Jakarta were enrolled in this study. Some of the mothers were also enrolled in the study as adults (n=30). Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and hydration of the SC (capacitance) on the thigh, buttock, and upper arm were measured after sufficient acclimation in an air-conditioned room, in both infants and mothers. Results The SC hydration was significantly higher in infants than adults at all sites measured, including the buttocks, which is a diaper area. Infant TEWL values were also significantly higher than in adults at all sites. Hydration of the SC and TEWL values showed no significant correlation with age of infant for any site. The SC hydration and TEWL values of Indonesian infants did not decrease to adult values within 24 months, which indicates that the SC characteristics in infants continue to develop after 24 months of age.Conclusion  Indonesian infants aged 0-24 months have significantly higher SC hydration and TEWL values than Indonesian mothers. However, infant age has no correlation to SC hydration or to TEWL values.

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