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Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,118 Documents
 47   48   49   50   51 
Risk Factors for the Development of Hyaline Membrane Disease in Preterm Infants Sudigdo Sastroasmoro
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 38 No 11-12 (1998): November - December 1998
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4360.376 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi38.11-12.1998.243-54

Abstract

Hyaline membrane disease (HMO) is a respiratory disease commonly found in preterm infants. While this disease occurs as the result of surfactant deficiency which is a function of gestational age, certain maternal and neonatal factors play a role in the development of the disorder. Preterm infants born at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, between, March 1997 and May 1998 were studied for the development of HMO. It was concluded that antepartum hemorrhage, gestational age, sex, mod of birth, and the first minute Apgar score were associated with the development of HMD, while the use of contraceptives, early rupture of the membrane, maternal morbidity, and passive cigarette smoking were not.
Risk factors influencing the outcomes in infants with epilepsy Setyo Handryastuti; Irawan Mangunatmadja
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 47 No 5 (2007): September 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (203.589 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi47.5.2007.202-6

Abstract

Background Epilepsy in young children should always beconsidered as a symptom of an underlying brain disease. Parentsand caregivers often asked whether the seizures can be controlledand whether the epilepsy will affect the child development.Objective To find out risk factors influencing the outcomes ininfants with epilepsy.Methods This was a retrospective study on infants aged 1 monthuntil 12 months with recurrent epileptic seizures. We looked forthe risk factors as sex, types of medication, age at onset of seizure,epilepsy syndrome, etiology of epilepsy, history of neonatal seizure,first EEG features, and type of seizure for the last 6 month-period.The outcomes evaluated were controlled seizure and developmentalstatus.Results Hundred forty infants with epilepsy were reviewed,consisted of 84 (60%) infants with symptomatic epilepsy, and 56(40%) infants categorized as idiopathic. Forty-six (33%) infantshad controlled seizure, while 94 (67%) infants had uncontrolledseizure. Abnormal developmental status was found in 75 infants(54%). Abnormal developmental status was more found in infantswith polytherapy, age at onset of 1-4 months, symptomaticepilepsy, positive remote symptomatic, history of neonatal seizure,abnormality of first EEG, and uncontrolled seizure. Uncontrolledseizure of epilepsy was more found in infants with polytherapy,early age at onset (1-4 month old), symptomatic epilepsy, positiveremote symptomatic, history of neonatal seizure, and abnormalityof first EEG.Conclusion Our data indicate that classifying syndrome of epilepsythrough diagnostic screening and age of onset are important todetermine the outcomes.
Insulin therapy for hyperglycemia in critically ill patients Julianti Julianti; Silvia Triratna; Aditiawati Aditiawati; Irfanuddin Irfanuddin
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 53 No 5 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.112 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi53.5.2013.250-3

Abstract

Background Hyperglycemia in critically ill patients is associated with higher mortality. Insulin therapy may improve outcomes, not only by preventing deleterious effects of hyperglycemia, but by improving the molecular dynamics in organ dysfunction.Objectives To assess the effects of insulin therapy on critically ill patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting and the risk of hypoglycemia.Methods An open-label, clinical trial was conducted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Dr. Moh. Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, from November 2011 to March 2012. Subjects were consecutively assigned to receive either regular insulin at a dose of 0.05 U/kg/h if the blood glucose level reached >200 mg%, or standard therapy (control group). Blood glucose levels were measured hourly until they reached 80-110 mg%. Dose adjustments were made when the blood glucose level reached 145 mg%, by reducing the insulin dose to 0.025 U/kg/h. Outcomes of therapy were measured by Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) score improvement, mortality rate and the occurrence of hypoglycemia.Results Forty subjects were enrolled in this study, with 20 subjects assigned to the insulin therapy group and 20 subjects to the standard therapy group. Two subjects, one from each group, were not included in the final analysis due to their deaths within 24 hours. There was no significant difference in distribution of PELOD scores before intervention between the groups (OR=0.5; 95%CI 0.1 to 1.9, P=0.32). However, after intervention, the PELOD scores was significantly lower in insulin therapy group compared to control group (OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.8, P=0.02). In the insulin group after intervention, fewer subjects had scores >20.5 and more subjects had scores ≤20.5, indicated a lower risk of organ dysfunction. There was also a significantly lower mortality rate in the insulin group compared to the control group (OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.8, P=0.02). None of the subjects suffered hypoglycemia.Conclusion Insulin is beneficial in improving organ dysfunction and decreasing mortality for critically ill patients.
Predictive value of Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology and Perinatal Extension II for neonatal mortality in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia I Gede Ketut Aryana; I Made Kardana; I Nyoman Adipura
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 5 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (259.911 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi56.5.2016.257-61

Abstract

Background Neonatal mortality, which is largely caused by severe illness, is the biggest contributor to overall infant mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 4 million neonates die yearly worldwide, often due to severe infection and organ system immaturity. Neonates with severe illness require treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), in which a reliable assessment tool for illness severity is needed to guide intensive care requirements and prognosis. Neonatal disease severity scoring systems have been developed, including Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology and Perinatal Extension II  (SNAPPE II), but it has never been validated in our setting.ObjectiveTo study the prognostic value of SNAPPE II as a predictor of neonatal mortality in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia.Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted in the NICU of Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar from November 2014 to February 2015. All neonates, except those with congenital anomaly, were observed during the first 12 hours of admission and their outcomes upon discharge from the NICU was recorded. We assessed the SNAPPE II cut-off point to predict neonatal mortality. The calibration of SNAPPE II was done using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, and discrimination of SNAPPE II was determined from the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) value calculation.ResultsDuring the period of study, 63 children were eligible, but 5 were excluded because of major congenital abnormalities. The SNAPPE II optimum cut-off point of 37 gave a high probability of mortality and the ROC showed an AUC of 0.92 (95%CI 0.85 to 0.99). The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed a good calibration with P = 1.0Conclusion The SNAPPE II  has a good predictive ability for neonatal mortality in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia.
Absorption of carbohydrate derived from rice in children aged 1-3 years Agus Firmansyah; Daniel Effendi; Sri Rezeki Hadinegoro; Aswitha Boediarso; Badriul Hegar Syarif; Pramitra Gayatri
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 41 No 5-6 (2001): May 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi41.3.2001.132-40

Abstract

Many studies showsthat rice starch is well-absorbed in gastrointestinaltract, even better as a composition with electrolyte to overcome diarrhea. Although in small number, there is still a various prevalence of carbohydrate malabsorption, both with rice starch and with other starch. Khin-Maung-U found significant (66.5%) prevalence of rice starch in Burmese children malabsorption, whereas rice starch is readily obtained in countries with rice as the population staple food,so thatability to absorb rice starch in Indonesian children need to be studied. Breath hydrogen test (BHT) was performed in 86 Indonesian children aged 1-3 years on Pejaten Barat Subdistrict, Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta. Among the 86 children given meal test with rice starch cakes 80 g for eachchildren, 82 children (95.3%) can absorb rice starch well, but 4 children (4.7%) suffered from rice starch alabsorption. Currentlyit is unknown certainly the type of the malabsorption. Previous researchers found that rice malabsorption is due to enzyme deficiency and intestinal motility disturbance. In this study there were 16 children (18.6%) coming from social-economically underprivileged family, most of the mothers with junior high school and lower educational level, and the majority of parent occupation were on private and labor sectors. There was no significant relation (p >0.05) between diarrhea effects on rice starch malabsorption in 6 children (7%), history of low birth weight baby (15.1%), undernourished or malnutrition status in 35 children (40.7%), and worm and/or fungal infection in 17 children (19.8%).found that rice malabsorption is due to enzyme deficiency and intestinal motility disturbance. In this study there were 16children (18.6%) coming from social-economically underprivileged family, most of the mothers with junior high school andlower educational level, and the majority of parent occupation were on private and labor sectors. There was no significantrelation (p >0.05) between diarrhea effects on rice starch malabsorption in 6 children (7%), history of low birth weight baby(15.1%), undernourished or malnutrition status in 35 children (40.7%), and worm and/or fungal infection in 17 children(19.8%). [
Treatment of Acute Infantile Gastroenteritis Dehydration Acidosis with Ringer's Lactate and Glucose-Electrolyte Solution Hernawan Hernawan; Sunoto Sunoto; Titut S. Pusponegoro; Suharjono Suharjono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 3-4 (1978): March - April 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (298.014 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi18.3-4.1978.83-90

Abstract

Fifty patients hospitalized with severe gastroenteritis - dehydration with acidosis were investigated. The age average was 8 months with the range of 1-18 months. The amount of the Ringer's lactate solution given was as follows:1st hour : 30 ml/kg b.w.the following 7 hours: 70 ml/kg b.w. or 10 ml/kg b.w./hour.After 8 hours on parenteral treatment, the child was given oral solution, either glucose-electrolyte solution or milk formula in ¼ dilution. The mortality rate was 6% (3 out of 50 patients) i.e. one due to seizures suspected encephalitis, one due to potasium deficiency (K = 2.1 mEq/l) and the third due to dehydration itself because the child was admitted already in a moribund stage (subvinum vitae).
Impact of iron therapy on Mentzer index and red cell distribution width index in primary school children with iron deficiency anemia Budi Andri Ferdian; Nelly Rosdiana; Bidasari Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 49 No 4 (2009): July 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (108.651 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi49.4.2009.195-9

Abstract

Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a commonnutritional problem, especially in school-age children. Due tothe many examinations that are needed to be performed and the invasive gold standard procedure, an easy and simple alternative examination to diagnose IDA is needed.Objective To determine the impact of iron therapy on Mentzerand red cell distribution width (RDW) indexes of children withIDA.Methods A randomized open clinical trial was conducted inprimary school aged children in North Aek Nabara, betweenNovember 2006 and November 2007. IDA was determined basedon WHO criteria. Subjects with severe anemia were excluded.Subjects were randomly assigned to groups that received eitheriron therapy or a placebo.Results Three-hundred subjects from aged 9 to 12 years oldwere recruited and 104 subjects completed the study. The meanRDW index of the iron and placebo groups after three monthsobservation were 239.96 (SD 39.25) and 235.17 (SD 31.77),respectively. The mean Mentzer index mean for the iron therapyand placebo groups after three months observation were 16.08(SD 1.98) and 16.20 (SD 2.27), respectively.Conclusion After therapy, there are no significant differences ineither the Mentzer or RDW indexes between the therapy andplacebo groups.
Incidence and risk factors of neonatal thrombocytopenia: a preliminary study Nila Kusumasari; Rinawati Rohsiswatmo; Djajadiman Gatot; Darlan Darwis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 1 (2010): January 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (343.074 KB)

Abstract

Background Thrombocytopenia is the most common hematological abnormality in the neonatal period. Hemorrhagic manifestations are found in 10% cases of thrombocytopenia. Neonatal thrombocytopenia commonly assumed due to sepsis, despite many risk factors that may caused thrombocytopenia.Objective To obtain incidence and risk factors of neonatal thrombocytopenia.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in April 2009. Complete blood counts investigation was performed before age of 24 hours, medical conditions and risk factors of mothers and subjects were noted, as well as hemorrhagic manifestations. Subjects with thrombocytopenia were followed for 2 weeks. The risk factors consisted of hypertension in pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, gestational diabetes mellitus, perinatal infection, asphyxia, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis.Results Neonatal thrombocytopenia was found 17 (12.1%) of 140 subjects, consisted of 88.2% early onset and 11.8% late onset. Significant risk factor of mother was pre-eclampsia (PR 3.97, 95%CI 1.70 to 9.25), while significant risk factors of neonates were asphyxia (PR 5.66, 95%CI 2.49 to 12.86), sepsis (PR 5.33, 95%CI 2.33-12.19) and necrotizing enterocolitis (p=0.014; PR 9.2 95% CI 5.17 to14.84). We found 29.4% hemorrhagic cases of neonatal thrombocytopenia (i.e.,. skin, gastrointestinal, intracranial hemorrhage).Conclusions The incidence of neonatal thrombocytopenia was 12.2%. Significant risk factor of mother that caused thrombocytopenia was pre-eclampsia, while risk factors of neonates were asphyxia, sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis.[Paediatr Indones. 2010;50:31-7].
Comparison of oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas analysis in neonates Srie Yanda; Munar Lubis; Yoyoh Yusroh
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 6 (2003): November 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (305.441 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.6.2003.211-5

Abstract

Background Arterial blood gas is usually beneficial to discern thenature of gas exchange disturbances, the effectiveness of com-pensation, and is required for adequate management. AlthoughPaO 2 is the standard measurement of blood oxygenation, oxygensaturation measured by pulse oximetry (SapO 2 ) is now a custom-ary noninvasive assessment of blood oxygenation in newborn in-fants.Objective To compare oxygen saturation measured by pulse oxi-metry (SapO 2 ) and arterial blood gas (SaO 2 ), its correlation withother variables, and to predict arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO 2 ) based on SapO 2 values.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on all neonatesadmitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) during February2001 to May 2002. Neonates were excluded if they had impairedperipheral perfusion and/or congenital heart defects. Paired t-testwas used to compare SapO 2 with SaO 2 . Correlation between twoquantitative data was performed using Pearson’s correlation. Re-gression analysis was used to predict PaO 2 based on SapO 2 val-ues.Results Thirty neonates were included in this study. The differ-ence between SaO 2 and SapO 2 was significant . There were sig-nificant positive correlations between heart rate /pulse rate andTCO 2 , HCO 3 ; respiratory rate and TCO 2 , HCO 3 , base excess (BE);core temperature and HCO 3 , BE; surface temperature and pH,TCO 2, HCO 3, BE; SapO 2 and pH, PaO 2 ; and significant negativecorrelation between SapO 2 and PaCO 2 ; the correlations were weak.The linear regression equation to predict PaO 2 based on SapO 2values was PaO 2 = -79.828 + 1.912 SapO 2 .Conclusion Pulse oximetry could not be used in place of arterialblood gas analysis available for clinical purpose
Interleukin-4 and immunoglobulin E levels in newborns at risk of atopic diseases Frengky Sutanto; Rocky Wilar; Diana Devi Sondakh
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 1 (2011): January 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.1.2011.12-6

Abstract

Background The clinical syndrome of atopy is associated v.ith the production of immunoglobulin E (lgE) in response to antigenic stimulation as part of a type I hypersensitivity reaction. Since early prevention is regarded as an important cornerstone in the management of atopic diseases, the identification of reliable markers such as IgE and interleukin 4 (IL-4) in detecting individuals at risk are of major interest.Objective To determine whether cord blood IgE and IL-4 levels can be used as an predictor of atopy in newborns with a family history of atopic diseases.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on healthy-term newborns in the neonatal ward at R.D. Kandou Hospital from June to August 2010. A total of 50 healthy newborns in atopic and non-atopic groups were examined for cord blood IgE and IIA levels.Result The mean cord blood ILA levels in the atopic and non-atopic groups were 0.1 μg/mL (SD 0.08) and 0.1 μg/mL (SD 0.16) (P=0.359), respectively. The mean cord blood IgE levels in the atopic and non-atopic groups were 2.2 IU/mL (SD 1.98) and 0.5 IU/mL (SD 0.29) (P<0.00l), respectively. A point-biserial correlation coefficient analysis showed no significant correlation between ILA levels and family history of atopic disease (rpb=0.098), and a weak correlation between IgE levels and family history of atopic disease (rpb=0.54).Conclusions Cord blood IgE and IL-4 levels should not be used to distinguish newborns with a family history of atopic diseases from those without.

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