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INDONESIA
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS)
Published by Cell and Biopharmaceutical Institute
ISSN : 25274384     EISSN : 25273442     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS) has been published by Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute (CBPI), a biannually published scientific journal, is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that supports all topics in Biology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Histology and Biomedicine in the aspect of molecular and cellular.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 181 Documents
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Innate Immune Response to House Dust Mite Allergens in Allergic Asthma Winna Soleha; Febriana Catur Iswanti
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 5, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v5i3.217

Abstract

Asthma is a major health problem and one of the leading causes of death in the world. The prevalence of asthma in Indonesia is high, with a recurrence >50%. Allergic sensitization in asthma is mainly caused by house dust mite (HDM) allergens, both from the mite’s body and its contaminants (e.g., lipopolysaccharides). HDM allergens stimulate several pathways in the innate immune response based on the HDM allergen groups that sensitize them. The innate immune response to HDM allergen exposure occurs when pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognizes the allergen, thereby stimulating respiratory epithelial cells to release cytokines, namely, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin-25 (IL -25), and IL-33. The release of IL-25 and IL-33 activates group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) to release Th2-type cytokines (i.e., IL-5 and IL-13), resulting in allergic airway inflammation via IgE secretion by B cells, recruitment of eosinophils, and respiratory tract remodeling. Dendritic cells induce an adaptive immune response through Th2 activation in the sensitization and effector phases. Other mediators that contributed to the innate immune response include C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL-20) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). A deeper understanding of the components and mechanisms involved in innate immunity against HDM allergens creates the potential to develop alternative therapeutic targets for allergic asthma treatment.Keywords: house dust mite allergens, innate immunity, allergic asthma, respiratory epithelium, inflammatory cytokines
Association of Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease in Population Aged ≥18 Years Old Rizka Ramadhanti; Helda Helda
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 5, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v5i3.219

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem, due to the increasing prevalence and incidence of kidney failure, poor prognosis, and required high costs for its treatment. Hypertension as the dominant risk factor for CKD also has a high prevalence which keep increasing in DKI Jakarta. This study aimed to determine the association between hypertension and the incidence of CKD in people aged ≥18 years old in DKI Jakarta Province.Materials and method: This was a quantitative research with an analytic cross-sectional study design. The data source used was secondary data obtained from Basic Health Research (Riset Kesehatan Dasar/Riskesdas) 2018. There were 7,141 samples that matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The proportion of CKD and hypertension in people aged ≥18 years old in DKI Jakarta Province were 0.5% and 16.6%, respectively. There was a significant association between hypertension and CKD with a prevalence odds ratio (POR) of 3.140 (95% CI: 1.527-6.453) after being adjusted by the age variable. Several other characteristics such as age (POR = 3.912; 95% CI: 1.932-7.918), diabetes mellitus (POR = 3.412; 95% CI: 1.405-8.285), heart disease (POR = 7.323; 95% CI: 3.158- 16.982), and physical activity (POR = 2.324; 95% CI: 1.148-4.703) were also significantly associated with the incidence of CKD.Conclusion: Someone who has hypertension has 3.14 times (95% CI: 1.527-6.453; p-value = 0.002) chance of suffering from CKD compared to someone who does not have hypertension after being controlled by the confounding variable, age.Keywords: chronic kidney disease, hypertension, DKI Jakarta, Basic Health Research 2018
The Stem Infusate and Ethanol Extract of Physalis angulata Inhibitory Activities against a-Glucosidase and Xanthine Oxidase Anthony Tjajaindra; Anna Karmila Sari; Adelina Simamora; Kris Herawan Timotius
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 5, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v5i3.211

Abstract

Background: Infusate of the whole plant of Physalis angulata is used traditionally for the remedy of various diseases including diabetes and gout. This study focused on the stem of P. angulata. The objectives of this study were to investigate the potential of the stem infusate (INPA) and ethanol extract (EEPA) of P. angulata as inhibitors of α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase.Materials and Methods: INPA and EEPA were determined for their α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibition activities in vitro, whereas antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assay. Reference inhibitors were used for comparison. The total phenolic compounds were also estimated.Results: EEPA had more concentrated phenolic than INPA which were 7.96 and 0.08 mgGAE/g dried biomass, respectively. INPA and EEPA inhibited α-glucosidase considerably, with IC50 of 149.11 and 409.86 µg/mL, respectively (acarbose was 130.66 µg/mL). However, they inhibited xanthine oxidase weakly, with IC50 of 0.546 and 2.643 mg/mL, respectively, compared with allopurinol 0.005 mg/mL. EEPA scavenged DPPH radicals very weakly (16.04 mg/mL) compared to BHT (0.021 mg/mL), whereas no activity was observed for INPA.Conclusion: The stem infusate and ethanol extract of P. angulata are able to inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase, thus can be further explored for sources of bioactive compounds with α-glucosidase inhibition activity.Keywords: α-glucosidase, infusate, ethanol extract, Physalis angulata, stem, xanthine oxidase
Donor HLA Genotyping using Polymerase Chain Reaction- Sequence Specific Primers (PCR-SSP) as Method for Acquiring Donor Panel in Platelet Refractoriness Tubagus Djumhana Atmakusuma; Andhika Rachman; Ni Ken Ritchie
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 5, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v5i3.209

Abstract

Background: Evaluation and identification of HLA antibodies in the recipient’s serum is of utmost importance prior to transplantation and transfusion. HLA typing is a steppingstone in proposing a donor panel. In order to obtain the HLA typing, Polymerase Chain Reaction-Sequence Specific Primers (PCR-SSP) can be performed.Materials and method: This is a preliminary study to determine HLA polymorphism by HLA genotyping in 43 blood donors. DNA from the samples was isolated using commercial kits according to the standard protocol. The DNA then was amplified using PCR-SSP methods and analyzed using the provided set in the kit.Results: This study found that the most frequent HLA-A alleles was HLA-A*24 (41.9%). For HLA-B alleles, the most common was HLA-B*15 (28%). Most frequent HLA-A-B haplotypes was HLA-A*24-B*15 (11.3%). The results from this study concurs with that of previous study. However, some alleles might vary due to difference in study population. Determining HLA-typing is of paramount importance in an ethnically diverse country such as Indonesia. In contrast to homogenous caucassian country, difference in ethnicity might cause platelet refractoriness due to incompatibility. HLA-typing would also guide the diagnostic workup and required treatment strategy for platelet refractoriness.Conclusion: From the HLA typing using PCR-SSP in blood donors in Jakarta, we found that the most frequent alleles were HLA-A*24 and HLA-B*15; and the most frequent haplotypes were HLA-A*24-B*15. This study should be upscaled to include larger population and ethnic groups to obtain complete profile of Indonesian population.Keywords: platelet refractoriness, HLA, donor, PCR-SSP, transfusion medicine
Alteration in 11 Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type-2 (HSD11B2) Gene as A Potential Candidate Parameter for Early Detection of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) Events Louis Fabio Jonathan Jusni; Patricia Patricia; Brigitte Leonie Rosadi
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 5, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v5i3.214

Abstract

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) incidence in Indonesia ranks in the top 10 of the highest in Asia. It is the main perinatal death cause. IUGR also impairs fetal neurodevelopment, which can affect the development of children until later ages. Lack of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-2 (11β-HSD2) enzyme is influenced by changes in the coding gene, HSD11B2, one of IUGR's causes. The main diagnostic method of IUGR at this time is by using Doppler ultrasound. However, Doppler ultrasound has several limitations as many cases are not detected. Its clinical predictive value in various women is poor, as Doppler ultrasound is not recommended for use in the first trimester, detection of abnormalities in the second trimester seems to be too late for helpful interventions. The study aim is to present an overview concerning HSD11B2 gene alteration in an non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) as a possible diagnostic parameter for early detection in IUGR infants. This literature review is based on selected articles and studies taken from the Pubmed, Proquest, and EBSCO databases. A total of 4 studies reported the tendency for DNA methylation and decreased expression of the HSD11B2 gene in IUGR cases. Changes in the HSD11B2 gene have the potential to become a diagnostic parameter in the early detection of infants with IUGR. Further study and investigation of this possibility are needed.Keywords: intrauterine growth restriction, HSD11B2, early detection, diagnostic, non-invasive prenatal testing
Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia as the Most Common Bacteria Causing Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection Dwiyanti Puspitasari; Edward Adijaya Rusli; Dominicus Husada; Leny Kartina
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 5, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v5i3.218

Abstract

Background: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) are the result of a reaction between taint agents that infected the patient when the patient is hospitalized. A Study from The Center for Disease Control and Prevention shows that most HAIs in hospital are urinary tract infection, most of the infection incident in patient are caused by catheter. Catheter indwelling is notable in medical sphere. This study aimed to inquire case number of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, the feature of CAUTI patients, the type of bacteria that cause CAUTI, and what is the relation among sex and bacteria colony.Materials and Methods: An analytic observational study with the population of pediatric hospitalized patients of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital was conducted in January-December 2017. Samples collected were positive urine culture from pediatric hospitalized patients. Information regarding the bacteria that cause CAUTI, gender, and length of catheter usage were collected.Results: There were total 140 samples of positive urine culture in pediatric patient, and 38.5% was diagnosed as CAUTI. Overall CAUTI was often found in male subjects (51.9 %), and similar with ≤1-year old patients which also often found in male subjects (60.8%). The highest length of catheter usage was 3-5 days (42.5%). All subjects had fever as a clinical sign and 83.3% had suprapubic pain. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections were highly discovered. There was an association between gender and urine culture colony count (p=0.02).Conclusion: CAUTI is commonnly found in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, and two bacteria that cause the most infection were E. coli and K. pneumoniae.Keywords: catheter, urinary tract infection, healthcare associated infection
Validation of a Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry Assay for the Quantification of Plasma Dihydroartemisinin Dona Arlinda; Intan Sari Oktoberia; Muhammad Karyana
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 5, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v5i3.194

Abstract

Background: Insufficient plasma level of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) can select resistance and will further hinder malaria elimination program. We investigated clinical applicability of a validated liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay to quantify plasma concentration of DHA in healthy subjects from a single oral administration of fixed dose combination of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine.Materials and Methods: Micro-elution solid-phase extraction in a 96-well plate format was used to prepare the samples. DHA separation happened in Acquity UPLCTM BEH C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm). Mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile-ammonium acetate 10 mM pH 3.5 (50:50, v/v) at 0.3 mL/minute flow rate. Waters Acquity UPLC™ H-Class system coupled with triple quadruple mass spectrometry in positive electrospray ionization mode was used for detection. The internal standard was a stable isotope labelled DHA.Results: Calibration curve was linear with a correlation coefficient >0.995 over a concentration range of 1–1,000 ng/mL. Bias and variation for accuracy and precision were in the range of 15% (20% at the lower limit of quantification). Using 5 µL sample, lower limit of quantification was 1 ng. Matrix effect was less than 15%. The method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of DHA from five healthy subjects, although carry over and the role of anticoagulants were not tested.Conclusion: The LC-MS/MS assay for the quantification of plasma DHA was validated for selectivity, linearity, lower limit of quantitation, accuracy, precision, matrix effect and stability. Although clinical applicability was demonstrated, this method was to be improved to address the not-tested validation parameters.Keywords: dihydroartemisinin, liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay (LC-MS/MS), malaria, Indonesia 
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Its Correlation with Several Pathological Conditions: Prosperities and Deleterious Implications Phey Liana; Krisna Murti; Zen Hafy; Iche Andriyani Liberty; Tungki Pratama Umar
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v6i1.224

Abstract

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are immune components found in a variety of pathological states. It has been shown to have either beneficial or harmful implications, depending on how it is controlled and has been particularly observed in three major scenarios: infection, autoimmune disease, and cancer. In this article, we compiled some of the roles of NETs in pathological conditions, as well as the benefits of targeting them for improved patient outcomes. The role of NETs were primarily positive in infectious disease, whether caused by bacteria, virus, or fungal infection. In non-infectious inflammatory scenarios, on the other hand, it's the complete opposite, with the effects being mainly deleterious and even worse than the original disease states. Targeting NETs directly or indirectly may help to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes. A plethora of compounds, including immunomodulators, anti-thrombosis, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)/reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitors, nuclease, and other compounds, may be used to accomplish the therapeutic goals.Keywords: autoimmune disease, cancer, DNase, infection, neutrophil extracellular traps
The Effect of Thelison Use in The Etiology of Lung Disorders among Homeless People Alaa Aldin Alsafi Alalwiy; Alkhair Abd Almahmoud Idris
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v6i1.230

Abstract

Background: Thelison, the adhesive synthetic material that bind surface together, is widely used in industry and domestic purpose along with epoxy, glue and putty. The aim of this study was to detect the effect of thelison use in the etiology of lung disorders among homeless people in Khartoum State, Sudan.Materials and method: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in homeless people in Khartoum State.Sputum smears samples from 80 alcohol fixed homeless thelison user were collected. After the collection of the sample, Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Region (AgNOR) technique and papanicolaou (PAP) stains were applied to each sample. A questionnaire to obtain essential data about respondents was also provided for each participant.Results: Participant’s ages range was 10-37, while the mean age was 17. The range of participants duration of use per years was 1-10, while the mean was 3 years. Number of thelesion dose use per day was ranged between 1-10, while the mean was 5 years. The majority of participants (80%) showed no cellular change and 20 % showed chronic inflammation. Results showed that 31 of the study population were males (77.5%), while the female population of the study was 9 (22.5%). The mean of AgNoR score was ranged between 1-4, while the mean AgNOR score was 1. AgNoR showed insignificant association with gender, duration and number of thelesion dose used per day (p>0.05), but showed significant association with cytomorhpological and age (p<0.05).Conclusion: AgNoR score showed insignificant association with gender, duration and number of thelesion dose used per day (p>0.05), but showed significant association with cytomorhpological and age (p<0.05).Keywords: AgNoRs score, cytological changes, sputum, homeless thelison users
Role of Genetics in Anesthesiology Ziske Maritska; Rani Iswara; Ignatius Aldo Winardi; Yuni Dwi Marantika; Irfan Ferdinand Tambunan; Lovina Lovina; Mgs. A. Rifqi Murtadho; Sendy Aditya Nugraha; Cendy Legowo; Victor Pulpa Seda; Awang Budi Saksono
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v6i1.229

Abstract

One thing that differentiates one person from another is one’s genetic make-up. Genetic plays a role in every branch of medicine, including anesthesiology. An anesthesiologist must be well familiarized with hereditary (genetic) conditions, chromosomal traits, heredity-familial disorders, and even recessive variants because particular conditions might demand a different anesthetic and perioperative pharmacological management. These circumstances may lead to an opening of a rapidly expanding state of pharmacogenetics/genomics and its relevancy in anesthesia nowadays. This narrative review provides insight into the role of genetics in the field of anesthesiology.Keywords: genetics, anesthesiology, pharmacogenetics

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