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INDONESIA
JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare
ISSN : 23024178     EISSN : 24076279     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Galung Tropika dengan nomor p-ISSN 2302-4178 (cetak) dan e-ISSN 2407-6279 (online) adalah jurnal ilmiah yang menerbitkan hasil penelitian di bidang Pertanian, Peternakan, Perikanan, dan Biologi Tanaman. Serta menyajikan informasi hasil penelitian dan artikel ilmiah untuk pembangunan pertanian berkelanjutan di Indonesia yang dipublikasikan secara elektronik dan cetak.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 450 Documents
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Fermentasi Tumpi Jagung Dengan Bioaktivator yang Berbeda Terhadap Kandungan Serat Kasar Acid Detergent Fiber dan Neutral Detergent Fiber Permatasari, Annisa; Sukaryani, Sri
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 14 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v14i3.1398

Abstract

Corn cob waste (tumpi jagung) has potential as a livestock feed due to its abundant availability; however, it is characterized by low crude protein content and high crude fiber content, which limits its utilization. Therefore, efforts are needed to reduce its crude fiber content to improve its nutritional value for livestock. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of corn cob fermentation using MA-11 and EM-4 bioactivators on crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents. The study was conducted in February 2025 at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Univet Bantara. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a one-way pattern, consisting of three treatments and eight replications. The treatments were as follows : 250 g corn cob + 2 g urea + 5 cc molasses; 250 g corn cob + 5 cc MA-11 + 2 g urea + 5 cc molasses; 250 g corn cob + 5 cc EM-4 + 2 g urea + 5 cc molasses. All treatments were incubated for 7 days. The observed variables were crude fiber (CF), ADF, and NDF contents. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that fermentation of corn cob waste using MA-11 and EM-4 significantly reduced crude fiber, ADF, and NDF contents. Unfermented corn cob contained CF 6.36%, ADF 39.64%, and NDF 50.59%. Fermentation with MA-11 resulted in CF 4.33%, ADF 33.96%, and NDF 48.33%, whereas fermentation using EM-4 produced CF 3.70%, ADF 32.88%, and NDF 46.78%. The EM-4 bioactivator was more effective in reducing fiber components, with decreases of 0.63% in crude fiber, 1.08% in ADF, and 1.55% in NDF compared to MA-11.
Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah Varietas Lokananta di Tanah Ultisol Bangka dengan Pemberian Jenis Pupuk Kandang Jaya, Indra; Mustikarini, Eries Dyah; Lestari, Tri
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 14 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v14i3.1411

Abstract

The production of shallot varieties is influenced by the adequacy of nutrients and soil conditions. Soil that has low nutrient content requires high nutrient input. Ultisol soil is one of the marginal soils, this soil requires additional nutrients from the right type of manure to increase crop yields. The study aims to determine the type of manure that can increase the yield of Lokananta shallots on ultisol soil. The research location is in Pangkalpinang City, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The research period is from October 2024 to April 2025. The eksperiment used a Randomized Block Design, consisting of 4 groups based on the size of the bulbs used as seeds. The treatments were 5 types of manure (chicken, cow, goat, swallow, and bat) and control (without additional fertilizer). The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of shoots, stem diameter, bulb diameter, wet weight of bulbs, dry weight of bulbs, and yield per plot. The harvested bulbs were analyzed for water content, reducing sugar, and essential oils (VOC). The results of the study showed that the best type of manure is that derived from chicken manure. Chicken manure has been proven to be able to increase the number of leaves, number of shoots, and number of plant bulbs, tends to be higher in yield of bulbs per plant. Red onion bulbs have the highest reducing sugar content in the chicken manure treatment, while the lowest water content is found in bat manure.
Analisis Kadar Protein Tepung Telur Ikan Sapu-Sapu sebagai Sumber Bahan Pakan Ikan dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis Masriah, Andi; Cahya, Muhamad Dwi; Nadiro, Vina Nur; Supriyadi, Supriyadi; Hardiyanto, Revaninna Putri; Ramadhan, Adam Ashil
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 14 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v14i3.1413

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the protein content of suckermouth catfish (Pterygoplichthys sp.) egg meal and to evaluate its potential as a fish feed ingredient. Egg meal samples were analyzed using Uv-Vis spectrophotometry with a standard albumin curve approach using linear regression. The analysis showed that the protein content of suckermouth catfish egg flour ranged from 35 to 37%. This value indicates a fairly high protein content, suggesting its potential as an additional protein source in fish feed formulations. In addition, suckermouth catfish are an invasive species that negatively impacts aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, utilizing its eggs as a feed raw material not only provides economic added value but also helps control the population of this invasive species. The use of sapu-sapu fish egg meal can be a sustainable and economical alternative for providing feed raw materials, especially to support fish growth in intensive aquaculture systems.
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi Aromatik Tana Toraja dengan Pemberian Cendawan Rhizosfer dan Pupuk Organik Limbah Pertanian Abri; Amirudin; Hala, A. Fathurrahman
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 14 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v14i3.1416

Abstract

Continuous use of chemical fertilizers hurts soil conditions. The soil hardens quickly, is less able to retain water, and quickly becomes acidic, thus reducing plant productivity. Efforts are needed to use organic fertilizers from agricultural waste and biofertilizers from potential rhizosphere fungi. The purpose of this study was to obtain an effective formulation and combination of organic fertilizers from agricultural waste with 2 species of Rhizosphere fungi isolated from Tana Toraja aromatic rice plants, namely Aspergillus sp and Trichoderma sp, on the growth and production of Tana Toraja aromatic rice plants. This study was designed as a two-factor factorial experiment arranged in a Randomized Block Design. The first factor was three levels: Rhisosphere Fungus C0 = Without Fungus Application, C1 = Rhisosphere Fungus 5 g / liter of water. C2 = Rhisosphere Fungus 10 g / liter of water. The second factor was liquid organic fertilizer/compost from agricultural waste at three levels: K0 = No liquid fertilizer, K1 = 500 ml liquid fertilizer/10 liters of water, and K2 = 1000 ml liquid organic fertilizer/10 liters of water. Nine treatment combinations were replicated thrice, each with two plants, resulting in 54 experimental plots. The results showed that applying Trichoderma and Aspergillus fungi at a dose of 10 g/liter had the best effect. Meanwhile, applying liquid organic fertilizer from cocoa shells and straw at 1000 ml/10 liters of water had the best effect. The best combination/interaction effect was found between the application of 10 g/L rhizosphere fungi and 10 g/L liquid fertilizer, and 1000 ml/L liquid organic fertilizer on the observed components of plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, number of grains/panicle, and panicle length.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Nitrogen pada Tanaman Jagung di Tanah Marginal Melalui Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen dan Limbah Udang Pudjiwati, Eko Hary; Damanik, Desy Kurnia
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 14 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v14i3.1387

Abstract

Marginal land has low productivity due to its limited soil fertility, especially in terms of nitrogen (N) availability. The use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and shrimp waste as alternative organic fertilizers can increase nitrogen use efficiency in sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata), which is an important food commodity. This study aims to determine the ability of nitrogen-fixing bacterial isolates to increase N nutrient use and their effect on the growth and production of sweet corn when applied together with shrimp waste. This study was conducted using a randomized block design (RAK) with a treatment of 20 tons/ha of shrimp waste and chemical fertilizer (50% Urea + 100% SP-36 + 100% KCl) with the addition of nitrogen-fixing bacterial isolates, consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replicates, namely no fertilizer, shrimp waste, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Other treatments were control, which was 100% Urea + 100% KCL + 100% SP-36; then isolate BPN1; isolate BPN2; isolate BPN3. The results of the study show that the application of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and shrimp waste technology packages can increase soil organic carbon content, nitrogen nutrient uptake, nitrogen nutrient uptake efficiency, and agronomic efficiency of sweet corn crops on marginal land. In addition, this technology can also reduce urea fertilizer use by up to 50%. This technology has the potential to be an environmentally friendly solution to support sustainable agriculture on marginal land.
Determinants of Embryo Transfer Success in Tropical Dairy Cattle: Integrating Reproductive Performance and Institutional Factors Nurul, Mohamad; Rohman, Abd.; Suherman
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 15 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v15i1.1513

Abstract

Embryo transfer (ET) is an advanced reproductive biotechnology widely promoted to accelerate genetic improvement and productivity of dairy cattle. However, the success of ET programs in tropical smallholder systems remains inconsistent due to the interaction of biological, environmental, and institutional factors. This study aimed to identify the determinants of ET success by integrating reproductive performance analysis with institutional implementation assessment in tropical dairy production systems. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative analysis of 200 recipient dairy cows with qualitative interviews involving farmers, technicians, and livestock officials in Pasuruan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Binary logistic regression was employed to evaluate the influence of embryo characteristics, recipient conditions, environmental stress, disease history, and technician experience on pregnancy outcomes. The results showed that pregnancy rates ranged between 20 and 50%, with fresh embryos achieving higher success than frozen embryos. Logistic regression analysis indicated that technician experience significantly increased the probability of pregnancy (OR = 1.236; p < 0.05), highlighting the critical role of technical capacity in ET implementation. Other factors, such as embryo quality, body condition score, parity, and heat stress, showed variable but statistically nonsignificant effects. Qualitative findings further revealed that limited technical human resources, inconsistent monitoring systems, and weak institutional coordination constrained program effectiveness. These findings demonstrate that ET success in tropical dairy systems is shaped not only by reproductive biology but also by institutional and managerial conditions. Strengthening technical capacity, improving reproductive management, and integrating ET programs into regional livestock innovation systems are essential to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of reproductive biotechnology in developing dairy sectors.
Pengaruh Respon Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Bileh (Rasbora sp.) yang Dipelihara pada Suhu Berbeda S, Irhami; Muliyana, Agusriati; Rahmayanti, Fitria; Muktaridha, Muktaridha
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 15 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v15i1.1479

Abstract

Bileh fish (Rasbora s.) is a freshwater species with high economic value and strong potential to be developed as an aquaculture commodity through domestication efforts to reduce exploitation pressure on wild populations. One of the key environmental factors influencing the success of domestication is rearing temperature, as it directly affects physiological processes and metabolic activity in fish. This study aimed to evaluate the growth response of bileh fish juveniles reared at different temperatures under controlled aquaculture conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Hatchery of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Teuku Umar University, from July to August 2025 for a period of 40 days. A Completely Randomized Design was applied with four temperature treatments, namely 20°C (P1), 24°C (P2), 28°C (P3), and 32°C (P4), each with three replications. The observed parameters included absolute weight gain, absolute length gain, relative growth rate, and water quality parameters (temperature and pH). The results demonstrated that rearing temperature had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the growth performance of bileh fish juveniles. Optimal growth was achieved at 24°C (P2), with an absolute weight gain of 0.45 g, an absolute length gain of 2.1 cm, and a relative growth rate of 1.13%. In contrast, the 32°C treatment resulted in the lowest growth performance and greater pH variability (6–8). Temperature plays a critical role in fish metabolism, where excessively high temperatures increase energy demands for maintaining homeostasis, thereby limiting energy allocation for growth. Therefore, a rearing temperature of 24°C is recommended as the optimal condition for the culture of bileh fish juveniles.
Penambahan Fruktosa pada Semen terhadap Kualitas Motilitas dan Viabilitas Sperma Sapi Bali Burhanuddin, Reski Amalia; Mansur, Musdalifa; M, Armayani; Ramadhanty, Dhian
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 15 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v15i1.1333

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the effects of fructose administration and environmental conditions on the motility and viability of Bali cattle sperm. The study was conducted at the Artificial Insemination (AI) Service Unit over a two-month period, using an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD). Semen samples were collected from Bali bulls and then diluted using Andromed diluent at four different fructose concentrations: 0.1 ml, 0.3 ml, 0.4 ml, and 0.6 ml. Evaluations included analyses of sperm motility and viability before and after storage. The results showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in sperm motility among the fructose treatments. The highest motility (70%) was recorded in the treatment with Andromed diluent + 0.4 ml of fructose; however, variations in fructose concentration did not significantly affect sperm motility. Furthermore, spermatozoa viability showed relatively similar results across all treatments, with the best viability observed at a 0.6 ml fructose concentration. Although fructose serves as an energy source for sperm, increasing the fructose concentration in the diluent did not significantly enhance motility. Environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity remain critical factors influencing sperm quality.
Optimalisasi Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas Buah Pepaya California (Carica pepaya L.) melalui Kombinasi Vermikompos dan Bakteri Fotosintesis Avianto, Yovi; Handru, Alan
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 15 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v15i1.1355

Abstract

California pepaya is a highly popular fruit among Indonesian consumers. However, its productivity is often hindered by declining soil fertility caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Substituting chemical fertilizers with vermicompost and photosynthetic bacteria has been reported to effectively improve soil fertility and enhance plant resilience. This study aims to optimize the growth and fruit quality of California pepaya through the combination of vermicompost and photosynthetic bacteria. The research was conducted from August 2023 to November 2024 at the Education and Research Farm (KP2) of the STIPER Agricultural Institute, Yogyakarta. The treatments tested in this study included vermicompost and the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris, applied to planting holes, along with a control. Data on soil physical and chemical properties, as well as pepaya growth and production, were analyzed using an independent t-test, and their relationships were evaluated through correlation analysis. The results showed that the application of vermicompost and photosynthetic bacteria significantly improved soil physical properties of water-holding capacity. Vermicompost and photosynthetic bacteria also enhanced soil organik matter, C-organik, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and the availability of nutrients (N and K) while reducing chloride (Cl) levels. The combination of vermicompost and photosynthetic bacteria improved physiological parameters of pepaya plants, such as relative water content, and increased plant height, number of flower, and fruit brix levels, although fruit weight and length decreased.
Efektivitas Agens Hayati Biohara pada Tanaman Padi Varietas Ciherang Fadli, Rahmad; Suwandi; Mardiyah, Nisa Ul
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 15 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v15i1.1438

Abstract

The increasing demand for environmentally friendly agricultural systems presents challenges and opportunities for the development of sustainable rice cultivation in the lowland swamps of South Sumatra. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of biohara in increasing the resistance of the Ciherang rice variety to biotic and abiotic stress during the vegetative phase. Biohara itself is made from various materials such as biofertilizer and animal manure compost. This application is the first study in a lowland swamp ecosystem. The research location is in the Ogan Ilir area of Kotadaro I Village. This initial study was conducted to observe pest and disease attacks as well as growth factors such as the number of tillers and plant height. The results of the study showed a significant increase in plant growth, with an average of 44.88 cm and 38 tillers per 10 clumps. Observations of pest attacks found 11 species of insect pests from four orders, but their populations remained under control. The intensity of leaf blast disease increased gradually but remained within tolerable limits. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the soil increased without causing chemical imbalance. This study shows that the Biohara-based approach is not only environmentally friendly but also effective in maintaining the stability of agricultural ecosystems in vulnerable peat swamp ecosystems. This study reinforces the potential of environmentally friendly cultivation technologies as a sustainable alternative in peat swamp ecosystems.

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