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Jurnal RISA

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Published by Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

ISSN : 25488074 EISSN : - DOI : https://doi.org/10.26593/risa

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Jurnal RISA aims to contribute to scientific research, practice, and education by publishing national and international studies. The scope of this journal includes the dissemination of research findings, ideas, and reviews in the following subject areas: 1. History, Theory, and Philosophy of Architecture; 2. Housing and Settlements; 3. Architecture and Urban Design; and 4. Building Management Technology.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Arsitektur

Articles 300 Documents

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THE COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ARCHITECTURAL TYPO-MORPHOLOGY OF BOROBUDUR-PRAMBANAN TEMPLE AND ANGKOR WAT, CASE STUDY ON MASS ORDER, FLOOR PLAN, FIGURE AND ORNAMENTS Andreas Martinus ; Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 2 No 04 (2018): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract- There are allegations that elements of Javanese temples are also can be found at The Angkorian temples because the Java Middle Classic temples are older than Angkorian temples and Jayawarman II lived in Java at that time. This can be proved by a comparative process between the architecture elements: mass, plans, figures and ornaments owned by the temples that represents its era in both kingdom. Angkor Wat is a synthesis of the development in Angkor culture that reach its the peak of glory. Angkor Wat has architectural elements of Java Middle Classic temples, especially Prambanan and Borobudur. This led to the alleged of similarity from architectural elements between the temples in the two kingdoms. This Study approached by quantitative with semi qualitative method. Through the study on the main temple buildings of the Java Middle Classic and the main temples of the Angkor Wat era with purposive sampling in relation of mass, plan, figure, and ornament. Described descriptively.Angkor Wat is generally inspired by Borobudur-Prambanan. Broadly speaking, it shows the similarity of Prambanan-Borobudur architectural elements to Angkor Wat. Angkor Wat is a synthesis of combining the elements (eclecticism) of Borobudur-Prambanan, but Prambanan has stronger element (indoor temple, tower temple, Hindu temple). In principle (mass, plan, and figure) shows the incorporation of Borobudur-Prambanan, but by ornament on its processing indicates there is further development (dominated findings exist but not similar). Key Words: tipo-morphology, comparison, Angkor, Indochina, Java

THE CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF MEGALITHIC CULTURE IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF TEMPLES ON THE ISLAND OF JAVA (FROM THE ANCIENT TO THE MIDDLE AND LATE CLASSICAL ERAS) Martin Pradipta, Rahadian Prajudi Herwindo
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 1 No 03 (2017): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract - Culture is the outcome of human thinking and as such it is closely related to society. One prominent form of culture that is very well known in Indonesia is megalithic culture based on the use of large stones or slabs. The impact this megalithic culture has made on Indonesia is profound, for it already reared its head long before the Hindu-Buddhist culture entered Indonesia, so it has affected this archipelago up to now. In this research study, objects have been employed that had previously been passed over in the process of purposive sampling, that is to say temples that featured a terrace or steps in parts of their complex were sought after. This research project aims to look for the typical characteristics of this megalithic culture in the temple architecture found on Java, and their connection with each of the Hindu-Buddhist eras. The outcome of the analysis indicates that the particular features of the megalithic culture are reflected in the arrangement or lay-out of the mass displaying tiers on teraces or steps, both on site and in the individual constructions, in addition to its orientation facing the mountain or the location of the temple being situated atop a mountain. Height is an indicator of the typical hierarchy found in this megalithic culture, in other words: the higher, the holier. The aesthetic ornaments or elements encountered in megalithic culture are not particularly well-developed, even though it must be admitted that in the final period there are statues and etched stones, albeit none too orderly or detailed. Keywords: Megalithic, temple, mass, hierarchy, aesthetic element

JOGLO ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT FOR POST EARTHQUAKE TEMPORARY SHELTER Theodorus Alvin ; Yenny Gunawan
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 3 No 03 (2019): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract- Java Island is one of many islands which has a lot of active volcanoes and also intersected by many active tectonic plates, which cause the locals of the island to be vulnerable and exposed to natural disaster. High population in the island causes the evacuation and post-disaster handling become difficult. One solution to answer the needs of livable housings is temporary shelter. But, many temporary shelters are designed and developed with too many modern features, which caused the shelters to be expensive and hard to be built with participatory methods. Therefore, the idea to adapt Joglo architecture capability of knock-down system as temporary shelter is developed. The research aims to: (1) know the strength and weakness of Joglo architecture as post-earthquake temporary shelter; and (2) develop design prototypes of temporary shelters which adapt Joglo architectureThe methods used in this research is experimental research, which focused on designs that adapt the ability of knock-down in Joglo architecture and later applied in temporary shelters. The data used to support the research are design guidelines and criteria of temporary shelters stated by UNHCR (2011) and the functionality and technical aspects of Joglo architecture composed by Frick (1997). After analyzing the data of Joglo architecture, then the result will be analyzed again with the design criteria of temporary shelters in effectivity and efficiency aspects. The next phase is stating the strengths and weaknesses of Joglo architecture as temporary shelter.These strengths will be developed, meanwhile the weakness will be handled without diminishing the existing potentials of Joglo architecture as temporary shelter. The final phase is developing 2 types of temporary shelters design prototypes, which have alternatives based on the construction material; coconut wood (type I) and wulung bamboo (type II). These materials are used in order to replace the authentic material of Joglo, teak wood, which is not efficient as temporary shelters structural material. These 2 types of temporary shelters are able to fulfil the design criteria of temporary shelter, because these prototypes are functional (effective) and able to fulfil technical requirements (efficient). Along with this research, the writer hoped that in the future there will be many traditional architectures which will be adapted as a solution to respond the issue of post-disaster architecture. Key Words: Joglo, knock-down, temporary shelter, post-earthquake

THE MONUMENTALITY OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE AS OBSERVED IN JAKARTA’S POLA BUILDING Lo Angela Irena ; Bachtiar Fauzy
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 2 No 01 (2018): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract- After the Indonesian people declared Independence on 17 August 1945, Ir. Soekarno had a modern vision and mission, namely that architecture could become a symbol of strength and power in a state. Therefore, various monumental building projects emerged, especially in Indonesia’s capital Jakarta. One of these was the Pola building in Jakarta, a work of architecture designed by F. Silaban. The Pola building was actually constructed on top of Ir. Soekarno’s former house and functioned as an exhibition space to display Overall Projects Planned for the First Eight Years 1961-1969 (PSBPTP). The purpose of this study is to find out more about the architectural monumentality encountered in this research, to examine the concrete shape of the expression of this monumentality in the Pola building, and to determine the geometric elements, supporting the creation of this expression in this particular building. The research methods consist of the descriptive method, the analytical method and the interpretative method through the analysis of the physical and spatial data related to the observation of the building activities; interviews held with the building manager and the study made of the background literature on the object of study. The theory concerning architectural monumentality, the theory dealing with principles of arrangement (lay-out), the theory of geometrical elements and finally the theory concerning archetypes have been used to analyze the physical construction data regarding their monumentality. The conclusion that may be drawn from this research is that the monumentality observed in the Pola building can be gleaned from the geometrical elements shaped like a striped rectangle as the composing element that contributes to its monumentality with its repetitive lay-out showing a static and balanced rhythm. The benefit of this research lies in the hope that it may make a positive contribution to the development of scientific knowledge in the field of architecture., and especially modern architecture in whose field this research has focused on the monumentality of buildings designed in the modern architectural style based on the physical condition of the building in question. Keywords : Monumentalism, Architecture, Modern

THE EXISTENTIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CEREMONIAL ARCHES FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMAGE OF THE KERATON AREA IN CIREBON AND YOGYAKARTA Kirana Zerlinda
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 1 No 1 (2017): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract - The Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) and the town of Cirebon are places that share the same monarchical background. This has made urban space planning and the lay-out develop certain characteristics leading to a uniqueness or urban identity. This planning has taken on a physical shape discernible in the environmental image. It has been shaped by the local cultural activities. Ceremonial arches (gates called gerbang) can be regarded as physical elements to be found in Cirebon and Yogyakarta that have cultural-historical value as icons representing the urban environmental image. However, changes made in environmental planning (leading to chaos by prioritizing private interests) has diminished the existence of the physical element of these gerbang At present DIY still adheres to (or recognizes) its monarchical cultural traditions in terms of the public authorities, but Cirebon’s case is different. The latter no longer employs the system for public governance of its region, and at present the historiographic remnants have ended up as mere internal assets.These two differences will naturally affect urban spatial planning and its physical elements, especially when it comes to the characteristic gerbang. In the area of Keraton Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta there are physical elements unlike a proper ceremonial arch, but in socio-cultural terms the Pojok Benteng has been interpreted as a gerbang marking the border of the kingdom’s region. On the other hand, in the area of Keraton Kasepuhan, socio-cultural values affect the interpretation of other physical elements as falling under the gerbang category. These ceremonial arches have ended up as mere markers of “thereness” in the palatial area of the Keraton, which is caused by many other factors that hamper these gerbang gates so that there is no more indication of their actual existence.Keywords: Existence, Socio-cultural, Ceremonial Arch, Urban Image, Expression

PERSISTENCY OF USE OF BOROBUDUR-PRAMBANANSEWU ARCHITECTURE (JAWA ERA CENTRAL CLASS) ON BAYON TEMPLE IN KAMBOJA Nathanael Widyargo ; Rahadhian P. Herwindo
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 2 No 02 (2018): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract- Indonesia was in its heyday back then In the time of middle classic era of Hindu and Buddha. It is proved by many construction of big Temple such as Borobudur, Prambanan, and Sewu Temple. In Angkor Kingdom which was younger age was found alleged resemblance to the figure of Angkor temple and Prambanan Borobudur, and Sewu temple. It is also supported by the fact that in the 8th century, King Jayawarman II who built Angkor, returned from Java.The Cambodian temple research object this time is Bayon Temple which is the last civilization of Angkor Kingdom with Prambanan, Borobudur and Sewu temples as a comparative object that represents Middle Classic era of the Javanese temple architecture. The purpose of this research is to know the persistence of architectural elements (massing, plan, figure, and ornamentation) of Borobudur, Sewu and Prambanan temple (Javanese temple of Middle Classic era) at Bayon temple viewed from similarities and differences of these elements. The research method used in this research is semiquantitative-qualitative method by observing, collecting temple data of research object, then linking data with related theory so that it becomes processed data. Data that have been processed with the theory of each temple then compared each other to get a descriptive analysis of the similarities and differences of its elements. That data was recalculated then to find the amount of similarities of the study object with the object of comparison can be found. From the analysis can be concluded that at Bayon temple there are similarities of element found with Javanese Middle Classic era of architecture, but similarities are only found on the principle of designing the mass, plan, and the figure only, while in ornaments there were found ornaments with the same type exist but not similar or not in the same place. Key Words: persistent, comparation, essential elements of the temple, Javanese Middle Classic era of Architecture, Bayon Temple, acculturation.

ARCHITECTURAL ACCULTURATION IN THE RESIDENCE OF BUDHI SANTOSO Fransnino, Yenny Gunawan
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 1 No 03 (2017): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract - In the Colonial Era, Dutch architects came to Indonesia and designed buildings based on their European expertise. They adapted to the factor of the tropical climate and indigenous cultural elements as a source of developing the process of architectural acculturation. The residence of Budhi Santoso in Yogyakarta is one of the products resulting from the acculturation between Dutch colonial architecture and the local wisdom and skills of Javanese culture. Architectural acculturation is an important topic that requires further study to contribute to the wealth of cultural knowledge, academic vocabulary as well as the variety of Indonesian architectural styles.The research method consists of qualitative research while the data processing has been obtained from studying the relevant background literature, direct observation, taking measurements, recording data in the shape of photographs and conducting interviews with the owner, Mr Budhi Santoso himself. The data were subjected to analysis using the comparative method by way of a comparison between Dutch and Javanese architecture. This analysis employs a theory derived from the study of background literature, namely Francis D.K. Ching’s theory concerning form, space and order to draw conclusions from the research study of cultural acculturation as observed in this residence.The conclusion indicates that Budhi Santoso’s residence is the product of a form of cultural acculturation between Dutch and Javanese architecture viewed from various angles, including the aspects of site/location, mass form, spatial order (lay-out), the elements of structural and non-structural scope and ornaments. These aspects have been affected by certain dominant features from one of the architectural styles, or else they have received the impact from a mixture between the two styles mentioned, leading to a new type of hybrid architecture. Keywords: Acculturation, Dutch Architecture, Javanese Architecture

CINEMATIC ARCHITECTURE APPROACH IN I&L HOUSE Rafii Putra Wedaswara ; Yenny Gunawan
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 2 No 04 (2018): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v2i04.3051.423-451

Abstract- AMI is an architecture movement, lead by 10 young Indonesian architects, is not satisfy with Indonesian architecture scene at that time, which they called “less interesting”, “monotone” and “lack of character”. AMI is considered to be against of mainstream architecture at that time, identified by having their own idealism, signature, and style. Andra Matin as one of the initiators of the movement, offering a characteristic architecture and not monotonous as the spirit of design direction. Quoting from David Hutama, a curator from architecture media rooang.com, by having a review on Andra Matin design: His works giving an impression of connectedness from one level to another level, making it have an own unique cinematic style caused by an emotional way of aesthetical response through sequence of an user. And many of his works depict minimalist stripes with geometry structure. The goal of this research is to identify a perception of space on one of Andra Matin works, I&L House.The methodological research used on this research is a descriptive-qualitative through cimematic architecture approach. Data types that used for an analysis is mental space element, material space, and lived space. The data is obtained from three instrument of gathering data, such as observation, interview, and questionnaire. Analitic technique is built from quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, from comparing the user analysis report and perceotion data which carried by respondent.The summary of this research is to define a mental space and material space on the object. The most significant of mental space element and space material giving an influence on shaped space perception such as masculine, directing and exposed, in a lived space element of I&L house user such as material, shape, light, and sound. In the end, the writer use film as tool for visualizing the summary of this research. Key Words: cinematic architecture, Andra Matin, i&l house

THE DECREASING EFFORTS ON 45 BUILDING IN PARAHYANGAN CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY BANDUNG ACCORDING TO GREENSHIP NB1.2 CRITERIA Alexander Gunawan ; Yasmin Suriansyah
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 2 No 03 (2018): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract- Every projects should be sustainable and enviromentally friendly. There are many organization that promote a sustainable construction projects, one of them is Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI), with its GREENSHIP rating tools.Building45 is one of the latest buildings in UNPAR university complex. After doing pre-research based on Building 45 condition, the building doesn’t meet a few green building criteria based on GREENSHIP New Building 1.2. One of it is the OTTV value, Building 45 has a high OTTV value. A research to optimize the OTTV value should be conducted.The research was conducted with simulation method to optimize the OTTV value but didn’t interfere the other green building aspect such as its natural lighting. The variable of the optimization is WWR value, shading element, and the transparent material of the building.The most effective variable to reduce OTTV value is by WWR arrrangement.The OTTV value can be optimized to reach 28.62 W/m2, and 39.2% of the first floor and 30.3% of the second floor area still have natural lighting iluminousity of more than 300 lux. The OTTV optimization can increase the green building rating of Building 45 by 5 points based on GREENSHIP NB 1.2. Key Words: Optimalization, OTTV, GREENSHIP NB 1.2, WWR, natural lighting

THE ARCHITECTURE OF PAGODAS VIEWED FROM THE ANGLE OF SITE LAY-OUT, PROPORTION, AND SYMBOLIZATION Raymond William
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 1 No 02 (2017): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Abstract – On Bali the islanders enjoy a close relationship with their Creator. The majority of Balinese worship in temples or shrines called Pura. These form a complex of sacred buildings that have a certain significance and function. One prominent type is the so-called Meru or Pagoda. Not all Pura temples have such a pagoda, but those that have more than one are found quite frequently. The placement of a pagoda in a temple is usually made at the main section due to its holiness or purity. Their shape differs from other constructions because their layered roof is multi-tiered, always uneven in number, starting from 3 up to 11. Therefore, these pagodas attain a different height so that their proportions are interesting to observe in order to determine whether there is a pole (patokan) or not. The pagodas carry divine symbols, ones referring to other temples or shrines, or ancestral symbols. This study employs the descriptive-analytical method by conducting a qualitative-quantitative evaluation. The qualitative evaluation investigates the lay-out of the placement and examines symbolization, whereas the quantitative evaluation studies the proportions of the pagodas. The data collection technique contains three parts, namely studying the relevant background literature, making observations, and holding structured interviews. The data analysis subjects the outcome of the observations and interviews to analysis, to be joined with theoretical study. The conclusion may be drawn that the ordering principle behind the placement of pagodas is situated in the main area, considered the most sacred part of a Pura temple. These proportions prove to have several features in common by comparison, so that it can be turned into a pole (patokan). No uniformity was detected in the symbolization of the pagoda in terms of carvings or the number of joinings.Keywords: pagoda, site lay-out, proportion, symbolization, temples on Bali

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Contact Name Indri Astrina Fitria Indrarani

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Editorial Address Gedung PPAG 1, Lantai 1A Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Katolik Parahyangan (UNPAR) Jl. Ciumbuleuit No. 94, Bandung, 40141, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

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Indri Astrina Fitria Indrarani

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Gedung PPAG 1, Lantai 1A Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Katolik Parahyangan (UNPAR) Jl. Ciumbuleuit No. 94, Bandung, 40141, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA