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Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25497316     EISSN : 25497324     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications (cited as J. Phys.: Theor. Appl.) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal, which is published twice a year by Physics Department, Sebelas Maret University. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and other interested in theoretical and applied physics.
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Articles 94 Documents
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Potential of textile-dye extract as the sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells Muhamad Yudatama Perdana; Pregia Anugratama; Nur Habib Rizki Saputro; Fahru Nurosyid
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v6i2.59159

Abstract

A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a device for converting photons from sunlight into electrical energy. In a DSSC, an important role is played by the dye sensitizer, which absorbs light and injects excitation electrons into the conduction band of a semiconductor oxide. As the sensitizer, complex ruthenium-based dyes provide high conversion efficiency but are expensive and scarce. As alternatives to Ru-based dyes, natural ones extracted from plants are environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and abundant. However, in DSSCs natural dyes are yet to offer higher conversion efficiency than that of complex Ru-based dyes, given low absorption in the visible range and low stability. High-purity textile dyes have been investigated as sensitizers in DSSCs, and dispersive azo dyes for textiles have been purified successfully by column chromatography, with a minimum purity of 97.3%. As such, textile-dye extract could be used as a dye in a DSSC by purifying the former using column chromatography. This article describes research on (i) DSSC fabrication and characterization, (ii) column chromatography for purifying dispersive azo dyes, (iii) the absorbance of several types of textile dye, (iv) the characteristics of the textile dye Remazol Red RB-133, and (v) the performance of a DSSC based on that dye.
Synthesis of carbon dots based on corn cobs as heavy metal ion sensors using the microwave method Riski Intan Prasasti; Rihlatul Jannah; Annisa Nur Buana Wati; Kusumandari Kusumandari; Isnaeni Isnaeni
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v6i2.59347

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDots) are nanomaterials that can be applied as a heavy metal ion sensor. CDotss ware synthesized from corncobs which are abundant and underutilized. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of corncobs on optical properties of CDots and their application as  Fe3+ ion sensors. CDots were synthesized with variations of corncobs’ mass 5, 10, 15, and 20 g and variations in metal ion concentrations 10-7, 10-6, 10-5, 10-4, and 10-3 M. The success of CDots synthesis was indicated by luminescence green when exposed to UV light. UV-Vis characterization showed that the greater the concentration of CDots could cause a shift in the absorbance peak towards longer wavelengths and peaks at wavelengths of 290, 291, 295, 298, and 323 nm, respectively. Photoluminescence (PL) characterization showed CDots emission peaks at 511, 504, 503, and 495 nm. The greater the concentration of CDots can cause a shift in the emission peak towards a shorter wavelength and increase the intensity. The PL characterization can identify the presence of Fe3+ metal ions with a wavelength shift that indicates a change in the CDots structure. The synthesis of CDots from corncobs have great potential to be applied as sensors.
Improvements to conventional methods for determining lung cancer areas from CT scan images using ImageJ - software Edwar Iswardy; Munzir Munzir; Evi Yufita
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v6i2.59349

Abstract

Early detection of lung cancer will definitely help the patients in treating the illness precisely and as early as possible.  One of the methods used to detect lung cancer is through CT scan examination. The images from CT scan will show the cancer area of lung describing the severity of lungs affected by cancer. However, the conventional method is often not accurate. Therefore, this research  aims to determine the area of cancer by segmenting the lung organs affected by cancer using Image-J software. The edge detection method was employed to segment an image. The results show that by using the proposed method, the largest cancer area is obtained in the seventh slice with the area of 15.39 cm2 and the smallest cancer area is obtained  in  the  first  slice  with  the  area  of 1.52  cm2. Whereas by using the convetional method, the  largest  cancer  area  is obtained in the fourth slice with the area of 20.57 cm2  and the smallest cancer area is  obtained  in  the  teenth  slice  with  the  area  of 3.52  cm2. The area of lung cancer in each CT Scan slice determined using ImageJ software is more accurate than the conventional method. For that reason, the  proposed  technique  is potential to improve the accuracy of a medical image analysis.
The Effect of Volume Target on Quality of Radiotherapy using 3DCRT and IMRT: Dosimetry and Radiobiological Evaluation Nursakinah Annisa Lutfin; Rena Widita
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.71608

Abstract

The main goal of radiotherapy is to deliver the maximum possible dose to the target volume and the minimum possible to the surrounding healthy tissue. In this study, planning was carried out on the TPS Eclipse Varian Medical System using 3DCRT and IMRT techniques for 14 cancer patients. 6 cases of lung cancer with PTV were in the range of 175.1 cc - 875.5 cc, and eight brain cancer patients with a PTV range of 148.5 cc - 841.2 cc. This study aims to determine the effect of target volume on the quality of radiation therapy planning using the 3DCRT and IMRT techniques. The evaluation was carried out using dosimetry and radiobiology analysis. Dosimetry assessment analyzes the average dose, D98, D50, D2, CI, and HI on PTV and the average dose on OAR. Radiobiological evaluation by calculating the value of TCP, NTCP, and UTCP. The results showed that based on dosimetry and radiobiology evaluation, the IMRT technique provides better planning quality for radiation therapy by increasing the probability of cancer cells dying at PTV and reducing the risk of OAR compared to planning using the 3DCRT technique. The effect of PTV on planning quality using statistical regression tests showed that PTV did not significantly impact the quality of radiation therapy planning results either using the 3DCRT technique or the IMRT technique.
Spectroscopic properties and optoelectronic parameters of ternary composites incorporating poly(L-Tryptophane):P(TER-CO-TRI) and Sudan dye Barham Kamal Rahim; Fahmi F. Muhammadsharif; Salah Raza Saeed; Kamal Aziz Ketuly
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.64418

Abstract

In this study, the spectroscopic properties and optoelectronic parameters of a ternary composite containing poly(L-Tryptophane): P(TER-CO-TRI) and Sudan dye were thoroughly investigated. Poly(L-Tryptophane) and P (TER-CO-TRI), the electron acceptor and donor, were solution processed and doped with different ratios of Sudan dye to form ternary composite systems. The FTIR technique, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were utilized to study the broad properties of the samples. Results showed that with the help of dye doping, the non-dispersive refractive index and energy gap of the ternary system were increased to 2.00 and decreased to 2.11 eV, respectively. The optical band gap, refractive index, dielectric constant, and optical conductivity of the samples were elaborated. The nature of the electronic transition in the studied samples was found to be a direct allowed transition, which was derived from the application of Tauc’s equation. The combination of CV test and absorption spectroscopy was successfully used to determine the molecular energy levels, HOMO and LUMO of the polymer samples.
Comparison of aftershock behavior of the flores sea 12 december 1992 and 14 december 2021 Adi Jufriansah; Azmi Khusnani; Yudhiakto Pramudya; Mulya Afriyanto
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.71609

Abstract

Over 30 years, the Flores region experienced earthquakes with Mw >7 twice, namely in 1992 and 2021 at shallow depths <60 km. However, the behavior of the aftershocks accompanying the quake has yet to be studied in detail. This research aims to compare the behavior of aftershocks after the main earthquake. This research uses three-lifetime analysis functions, namely, Wilber3, Mustang Web Browser, and comparison of Probability Density Function Hazard. The data used comes from IRIS data and BMKG Online Data. Through graphical analysis, it is known that the data for the time difference for aftershocks follow the RMS distribution, indicating that the Flores Sea aftershock on 12 December 1992 occurred with high intensity on the 3rd and the 6th day after the main earthquake. Meanwhile, the aftershocks in the Flores Sea on 14 December 2021 tended to occur with a more even intensity during the observation period, but the power returned to high on the 7th day
Oscillation of neutrino in a vacuum with mixing flavor Bibek Koirala; Saddam Husain Dhobi; Prakash Subedi; Milan Gurung; Kumar Teemilsina; Sharad Kumar Oli
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.64492

Abstract

We developed multiple equations to observe the two and three flavors of neutrino oscillation with the mixing angle based on L/E=0.1 to 0.9 in this study. In different settings, the nature of the neutrino oscillation probability was discovered to be varied in different equations. The observation indicates increasing likelihood in one equation and decreasing probability in the other equations in two flavor oscillation neutrinos. To characterize the probability of neutrino oscillation, we use four distinct angles: 5degree, 10 degree, 15degree , and 20degree . The probability of neutrino oscillation was determined to be highest at an angle of 15 degrees. However, with increasing mixing angles, the likelihood of oscillation increases on the basis of created equation (25) and decreases on the basis of equations (26) and (27) in the three-flavor neutrino oscillation. From generated equations (25) and (26) the maximum neutrino oscillation of probability is discovered at an angle of 15degree , however, from equation (27), the maximum probability is observed at 5degree . The greatest neutrino oscillation is found to be 0.9999 and the minimum is zero in all of these two and three flavors of oscillation.
Determination of absorbed dose of Palladium-103 radiation sources in prostate brachytherapy using the Monte Carlo method Mukhtar Effendi; Hafsyah Putri Nabila; wihantoro wihantoro; Aris Haryadi
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.71644

Abstract

Prostate cancer is one type of cancer that can be treated with the Brachytherapy Technique. Brachytherapy is a cancer therapy method by implanting radioactive nuclei through electromagnetic radiation from radioactive material placed near the tumor or cancer. The optimal number of implants of Palladium-103 radioactive source needs to be known to ensure the safety level before performing the therapy. The stages carried out in the research include modeling radiation sources and inhomogeneous phantoms around cancer, running the program, and processing the running data. The value of radiation absorbed dose based on the interaction of photons on organs can be obtained using the tally code *f8 in the MCNPX user code input. Based on the research results, the absorbed dose value received by each organ was successfully obtained. In addition, the variation of the implanted Palladium-103 radiation source had a significant effect on the increase of absorbed dose received by each organ. Sources were varied as 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 sources, respectively. The greater the number of radiation sources implanted, the greater the absorbed dose value received by each organ.
Fabrication of multilayer and silver oxide nanowires using electro-chemical deposition in the anodic aluminum oxide template Ibrahim Tawana
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.65233

Abstract

In this paper, to fill molds, we have applied the electrochemical deposition method. The electrochemical deposition method to produce nanowires is performed by three different methods. We have examined the pulsed periodic method, and we have managed to fabricate the multilayer nanowires Ag/Co/Zn. Then, the produced nanowires are confirmed by the SEM and XRD analyses. Also, by putting the sample containing nanowires of Ag in the oven, the oxidation happened, and the nanowires of silver oxide are fabricated and confirmed by the XRD diffraction pattern.
Effect of sodium oxide (Na2O) glass modifier on physical properties and gamma shielding in tellurite glass systems TeO2-ZnO-PbO-Bi2O3 (TZPB) Ahmad Marzuki; Selvina Ariyanti; Frisca Aulia Alvyanti; Fransisca Indraningsih Kasy; Devara Ega Fausta; Riyatun Riyatun; Arum Luvita Sari
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.71795

Abstract

TZPB glasses with the composition 55TeO2-(41-x)ZnO-2Bi2O3-2PbO-xNa2O (x= 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5 mol%) have been fabricated and characterized to determine the physical properties and gamma radiation shielding parameters. The method of glass fabrication is melt quenching with the holding temperature at 900˚C for 30 minutes and the annealing temperature at 256˚C for 6 hours. The result of the characterization of the density and gamma shielding parameters was calculated using Phy-X PSD software. The glass density was measured using Archimedes's principle and showed a decrease from 5.79 to 5.73 g/cm3. The molar volume increased from 23.3 to 23.6 g/mol with the addition of Na2O concentration. Gamma radiation shielding parameters, LAC, MAC, MFP, HVL, and TVL simulated with the energy range were 10-3-105 MeV. The results of Phy-X/PSD software showed an increasing MAC, MFP, HVL, and TVL and decreasing in LAC with an increase in Na2O concentration.

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