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Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25497316     EISSN : 25497324     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications (cited as J. Phys.: Theor. Appl.) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal, which is published twice a year by Physics Department, Sebelas Maret University. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and other interested in theoretical and applied physics.
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Articles 94 Documents
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Fabrication of p-type (MCCO) thin film using DC magnetron sputtering as a preparator for thermoelectric module Elysa Nensy Irawan; Fahrur Aslami; Muhammad Matthew Janotama; Aldo Mahendra Putra; Melania Suweni Muntini; Somporn Thaowankaew; Wanatchaporn Namhongsa; Athorn Vora-Ud; Kunchit Singsoog; Tosawat Seetawan
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.66951

Abstract

Based on existing research, thermoelectric efficiency can be improved through material selection. In this study, the material used is CaCO₃ doped with Mn and Co₂O₃ to form CaCo3.5Mn0.5O9 material as a p-type thermoelectric material. The substrate used is glass. The stages in this research are material synthesis, sputtering process using DC Magnetron Sputtering machine to form thin films, and testing. The synthesis process includes grinding, calcination, and sintering. Grinding is done using a Ball Mill machine with a rotation speed of 250 rpm for 5 hours. Furthermore, the calcination step was carried out by heating the sample into a furnace at a temperature of 800°C for 10 hours. Then the sintering process was carried out at a temperature of 850°C for 12 hours. After the synthesis process is complete, enter the sputtering process using a DC Magnetron Sputtering machine for approximately 10 minutes. The gas used in this research is Argon (Ar). After the sputtering process was carried out, several tests appeared, such as the XRD test to determine the type of crystal, the ZEM-3 test to determine the Seebeck coefficient and resistivity, the thickness of the thin film formed, and the power factor test to determine the maximum voltage and power generated by the module formed. Several power factor test results were obtained, consisting of 107 μW/mK² at 100°C, 108 μW/mK² at 200°C, and 332 μW/mK² at 300°C and a thickness of 90.34 nm.
Understanding of the Experimental Concept of Radiation Absorption of Radioactive Materials Soni Prayogi; Fitria Silviana; Zainuddin Zainuddin
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.70138

Abstract

In this article, we discuss the experimental absorption of radioactive light radiation on various materials using Geiger Muller. Under certain conditions, Geiger Muller can be used to determine the absorption coefficient of a material. The radioactive rays observed in this experiment are gamma rays. Gamma rays are radioactive rays that have no charge so they cannot be deflected by magnetic or electric fields and have the greatest penetrating power. We made several important results on experimental studies of the absorption of gamma radiation passing through matter. Our results relate to the trend of the unexpected, measured intensity of radiation versus the thickness of the absorber, which confuses students and cannot be explained by many laboratory assistants. Finally, we believe that a distribution function is an effective tool for examining the contribution of the build-up factor in the Geiger Muller calculation of the measured radiation intensity.
The balance In the six dimensions of space-time description of quantum mechanics phenomena and nature of time Seyed Kazem Mousavi
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i1.63874

Abstract

This study presents a theory with a six-dimensional space-time structure, R^6, in order to describe quantum mechanic phenomena, the time arrow and quantum gravity. The interpretation of quantum world phenomena using four-dimensional space-time would be a very complicated and indescribable task. The dual wave-particle behavior, entanglement, quantum corridors, etc., represent the complex space-time structure. Previous studies indicate that complicated behaviors of particles in quantum mechanics are basically considered as the inherent behavior of those particles. The theoretical framework of the balance is the transformation of imaginary dimensions into geometric dimensions and the description of quantum mechanical phenomena using external Euclidean geometry. The six-dimensional space-time structure consists of three space and three time dimensions and the time arrow is the result of the impossibility of the existence of matter in six space-time dimensions, and the direction of the arrow is aligned with the expansion of the universe.
Measurement of Specific Heat of Organic Materials Using Non-Isolating Container and Arduino Mustafa Erol; Damla Göl
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i2.78504

Abstract

This study reports a novel method for specific heat measurements of organic materials namely potaoes, quinces and radishes. The method proposed in this work is novel in the sense that it employs a non-isolated container and an Arduino microprocessors. The actual measurements are simply managed by placing the organic materials within hot water in a non-isolating container and by monitoring the temperature and time by means of Arduino UNO microprocessor. The heat leakage due to the non-isolated container is determined by using the heat versus time graph of the system and by mathematically modeling the temperature decrease by the time due to the heat exchange between the hot water and the environment. The measurements have revealed that the relative errors for the measurements are approximately % 4.75 for potatoes, % 21.50 for radishes and % 1.30 for quinces. The approach described in this work is inexpensive, very easy to apply and can potentially be beneficial for basic physics, science and engineering research activities.
Identification of sea breeze front (SBF) characteristics in the dry season using doppler weather radar on the west coast area of south Sulawesi Nelly Handayani; Hasti Amrih Rejeki
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i2.70536

Abstract

Sea Breeze Front (SBF) is one of the important components of sea breeze circulation, which plays role in coastal area’s atmospheric dynamics. SBF causes significant changes in temperature and humidity profiles and initiates updrafts that induce convective activity. This study aims to determine the characteristics of SBF and its impact on convection activity using Doppler weather radar on the west coast area of South Sulawesi during dry season. SBF identification utilized PPI and CMAX products to detect convective clouds and SRI to estimate rainfall intensity, then verified it using Automatic Weather Station (AWS) and Automatic Rain Gauge (ARG). SBF was generally detected at 10.30–14.30 LT with an average moving speed of 2.04 m/s. The length of SBF ranges from 15.47–21.08 km and moves inland as far as 12.57–26.09 km with 0.51–0.89 km of column depth. There was a difference in the average value of solar radiation intensity up to 106 W/m2 and 0.5°C of temperature during SBF Days. SBF caused 17 events of convective activity with a maximum reflectivity value of 42–60 dBz and 4–8 km of cloud diameter. Five out of 17 convective activities indicated the occurrence of light rain on the surface.
Monitoring system ammonia concentration using fiber optic sensor based surface plasmon resonance Erin Ficrah Huda
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i2.78897

Abstract

A monitoring system for ammonia concentration in waters has been created using fiber optic sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Monitoring is carried out to measure the decline in water quality due to the toxic compound ammonia from floating net cages (KJA) activities used as aquaculture sites. The sensor performance was improved by replacing the cladding using gold nanoparticles to increase the sensitivity of the fiber optic sensor based on the SPR phenomenon. The sensor consists of a laser diode as a light source, optical fiber as a waveguide and OPT101 as a photodetector. The Arduino Nano microcontroller is used as a data processor, LoRa as a transmission system and the MCU node as a data receiver. The results of measuring the ammonia concentration received by the MCU node are displayed on a Google spreadsheet in real time. Testing of measuring instruments is carried out by comparing the measurement results with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The test results obtained an accuracy value of 94.09% for optical fibers using the dip coating method and 78% for optical fibers using the thermal evaporation coating method.
Impact of Nd2O3 on physical properties of lead borate glass system Ahmad Marzuki; Retno Willy Astuti; Devara Ega Fausta; Fransisca Indraningsih Kasy; Melya Ayu Mahasindi
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i2.71762

Abstract

The Nd2O3 doped lead borate glass with composition 45B2O3-(40-x)PbO-11ZnO-4Na2O-xNd2O3 (x=0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5) mol% were fabricated using melt quenching method at 950oC for 35 minutes. The characterization of physical properties of glasses doped Nd2O3 were measured by density (ρ) based on the Archimedes principle. The other physical parameters such as molar volume (Vm), oxygen packing density (OPD), polaron radius (rp), ionic radius (ri), field strength (F), molar refraction (Rm), and metallization (Mn) were calculated using equation which derived from density. According to the measurement, the density of glasses decreased from 5.774 to 4.527 gr/cm3 while molar volume oppositely increased from 23.17 to 30.18 cm3/mol due to  atomic mass of Nd (144.24) smaller than Pb (207.2). Along with the increase of molar volume, there were decreasing of the OPD, the polar radius (1.731 －1.095) Å and the ion radius (4.296－2.717) Å iof glasses Meanwhile, the field strength and metallization properties of the glasses  increased as a result of the reduction rp and ri. The investigation of molar refractive shows an increasing trend because the addition of the concentration Nd2O3.
Multiple inversions of Rayleigh wave dispersion curve for geotechnical site characterization using particle swarm optimization dan genetic algorithm Rezki Wirawan; Jamhir Safani; Al Rubaiyn
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i2.79065

Abstract

The inversion of the Rayleigh wave dispersion curve is a crucial step in the multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method, used to obtain the shear wave velocity (Vs) profile. The nonlinear and multimodal nature of the dispersion curve makes a global optimization approach, such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA), the optimal choice for inversion. This study aims to compare the performance of multiple inversions of PSO (MI-PSO) and multiple inversions of GA (MI-GA) in solving the inversion problem of the Rayleigh wave dispersion curve. The test results indicate that the utilized MI-PSO outperforms MI-GA in terms of computational time and accuracy of the obtained model
Tsunami event in Flores: literature review Azmi Khusnani; Adi Jufriansah; Ota Welly Jenni Thalo
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i2.74625

Abstract

The Flores Sea has experienced devastating earthquakes with magnitudes >7 over the past 30 decades. It can trigger a tsunami and provide important theoretical, experimental, and field information. The seismicity study stated that the island of Flores had experienced tsunamis during the pre-instrumental period (1815, 1818, 1820, and 1836) and the pre-instrumental period in 1992. This study discusses the development of tsunami research in Flores using a literature review approach. The data source comes from the Scopus database, with data analysis using VOSviewer. The search results obtained a total of 22 documents, with the result that the 1992 Flores earthquake became the main research topic and the beginning of the era of modern tsunami science.
A comparative study of the Schwarzschild metric tensor and the Howusu metric tensor using the radial distance parameter as a measuring index VIivian Onechojo Obaje
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v7i2.77212

Abstract

The Einstein Curvature Tensor   using Schwarzschild Metric Tensor and the Howusu Metric Tensor were investigated. The Einstein Curvature Tensor  derived from the Howusu Metric Tensor were compared to the Einstein Curvature Tensor derived from the Schwarzschild Metric Tensor. Results of the analysis indicated that the behavior of the Howusu   were, to a large extent behaved differently from that of the Schwarzschild in the limit as the radial distance .Similar results were also obtained in the limit as .

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