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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
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Articles 459 Documents
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Comparison of analgesic effect of preoperative intravenous paracetamol v/s ketorolac in laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia Dr. Budhram Rajoria; Dr. Mahipal Singh Dhaka; Dr. Manisha Malik; Dr. Chetali Das
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.2.6.11

Abstract

Background: Preemptive analgesia is pain control before inciting a noxious stimulus. Upper abdominal and shoulder tip pain after laparoscopy is probably caused by gas retained in the peritoneal cavity. Pain relievers were given before the incision. Aim: The study was planned to compare the Analgesic effect of pre-operative intravenous Paracetamol versus Ketorolac in laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. The difference in the need for first rescue analgesia and total dose of rescue analgesics in 24 hours postoperative period in both groups was assessed. Methods: This Hospital Based Double Blinded Randomized Interventional Study was carried out in ASA I and II, aged 18 to 60 years in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Group A received an Intravenous infusion of paracetamol 1gm (100ml) and Group B received an intravenous infusion of ketorolac 30mg (1ml) diluted in 99 ml 0.9% normal saline. In both groups, analgesic was given over a period of 30 minutes, 30 min before induction of general anesthesia. The chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The time for the demand of the first rescue analgesia was219±81.0 min in group A and 350±175.1min in group B, with a p-value < 0.001. The demand for rescue analgesics was more in Group A in contrast to Group B. Conclusion: We concluded with our study, pre-emptive analgesia with 30mg ketorolac is better than 1 gm paracetamol. The time for rescue analgesia is prolonged, the number of rescue analgesics demanded is reduced, VAS score was significantly lower when ketorolac was used.
Intravenous dexmedetomidine v/s tramadol on post spinal anaesthesia shivering: A randomized, double blind and interventional study Pooja Bharti; Yogesh Chand Modi; Subhita Marodia; Pushpendra Bairwa
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.2.40.45

Abstract

Introduction: Regional anaesthesia is widely used and safe anaesthetic technique. It leads to Intra/ post-operative shivering. There are various methods available to control. Tramadol is one of the most widely used to control shivering, however it is also associated with nausea and vomiting. Objective: To compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and tramadol in the treatment of post‑spinal anesthesia (SA) shivering as well as to compare their side‑effect profile. Methodology: This hospital based, prospective, randomized, double blinded, Superiority type of interventional study included 60 patients undergoing elective spinal anesthesia aged 20-60 years, ASA grade I and II, weighing 40-80 kilograms. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups, to receive either 0.5 mcg/kg Dexmedetomidine (Group D) or 05 mg/kg Tramadol (or grpup T). The grade of shivering was assessed as per wrench (Grade 0:  no shivering, Grade 1:  One or more of the following: piloerection, peripheral vasoconstriction, peripheral cyanosis, but without visible muscles activity, Grade 2:  Visible muscle activity confined to one muscle group, Grade 3: Visible muscle activity in more than one muscle group and Grade 4:   Gross muscle activity involving the whole body). Result:  Shivering was eliminated in all the patients who received either dexmedetomidine or tramadol. Time for unset of shivering and grade of shivering is quite similar in both study groups. Time to cessation of shivering was significantly earlier with dexmedetomidine (174.3±12.5) as compare with tramadol (279.6±15.9). Nausea and vomiting is found significantly higher (P value = 0.024) with tramadol.
Prediction of depth from skin to subarachnoid space based on preoperative anthropometric assessment: an observational study Mamta Khandelwal; Ekta Tiwari; Priyanka Jain; Chitra Singh; Nachiketa Bharadwaj; Darshan N
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.3.24.28

Abstract

Background and aim: An accurate placement of spinal needle is crucial while injecting drugs to avoid a failed sub arachnoid block (SAB). A pre puncture estimation of skin to subarachnoid depth (SSD) may guide accurate spinal needle placement. This study is aimed to predict the depth from skin to subarachnoid space based on pre-operative anthropometric assessment and to find out formula for predicting SSD, best suited in terms of accuracy when compared with observed depth. Method: In this hospital based, prospective, observational study, a total of 120 patients, of which 68 were men, and 52 were women (non-pregnant) with a mean age of 59.75 ±14.1 kilograms. The SSD was measured after SAB was performed. This SSD was compared with the predicted SSD calculated using the Abe’s, Bonadio’s, Craig’s, Stocker’s, and Chong’s modified formulae. Analysis was done using unpaired t test for quantitative data to determine best suited formula to predict SSD in our population in terms of both accuracy and ease of application. Pearson correlation test was also done. Results: The observed SSD in the overall study population was 4.96 ± 0.67 cm. Stocker’s formula is closest with a mean difference of 0.17cm. In males the mean observed depth was (5.06±0.60 cm) more than that in the non-pregnant female population (4.83±0.74cm). These anthropometric variables were statistically significant with a presentation value of <0.001. Conclusion: Among various formulae Stocker’s formula can most accurately predict the SSD when applied to Indian population.
Functional assessment of all polyethylene tibial monoblock component in total knee arthroplasty Moinuddin Nadaf; Sharan S Patil; Raghavendra R Huchchannavar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.2.58.64

Abstract

Background: In a developing country like India the cost effectiveness of all polyethylene tibial components is a major boon, without compromising the functional outcome. In this study we have attempted to evaluate the functional outcome of all polyethylene tibial monoblock component in total knee arthroplasty. Methodology: The study was carried out on 86 patients who are operated for total knee arthroplasty with all polyethylene tibial monoblock component. Demographic, surgical and follow up data was collected from case sheets of patients and copied in Performa. The patients were called for five years follow up and examined in the outpatient department. Results: The mean age of study population was 62.8 years (range 50 – 72 years) with mean BMI of 27.6 kg/m2. Statistically significant improvement was seen in the range of movements in all the age groups. Both male and female patients had insignificant difference in knee scoring. Assessment of clinical functional abilities of knee scoring have observed to be higher in patients with lower BMI. Conclusion: Significant improvement in range of motion as well as knee score in all age range, emphasizes the fact that total knee arthroplasty with all polyethylene design in osteoarthritis is an excellent surgery to restore near normal life style.
A comparative study of intravenous fentanyl and ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block for positioning during spinal anaesthesia in femur fracture surgeries Rajbala; Sonali Beniwal; Mamta Khandelwal; T Mirthun Thomas
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.2.65.70

Abstract

Objective: To assist in the administration of spinal anesthesia for patients undergoing femur fracture procedures, we conducted comparison research to compare the analgesic efficiency of intravenous fentanyl against ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block (FNB). Material and Methods: A group of 112 patients ranging in age from 18 to 70 years old who had ASA Physical Status I and II and were having femur fracture procedures under spinal anaesthesia participated in the randomised, prospective, interventional trial. These individuals were divided into two groups through a random assignment process. Group FENT (n = 56) received Intravenous fentanyl 1 microgram/kilogram (µg/kg) and five minutes before positioning for spinal anaesthetic, group FNB (n = 56) received ultrasound-guided FNB with 20 millilitres (ml), 1.5% lignocaine and adrenaline (1:200,000). Results: Comparison of pain scores during positioning using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) revealed that Group FENT had a score of 1.95 ± 0.585, whereas Group FNB had a score of 0.61 ± 0.562 (p-value 0.001). The FNB group demonstrated superior patient positioning quality. Patient satisfaction was similar in both groups, and no significant side effects were observed. Conclusion: FNB offers enhanced analgesia, improved patient positioning, higher patient satisfaction, reduced reliance on additional analgesia, and fewer side effects compared to intravenous fentanyl for spinal anesthesia.
Assessing the impact of methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, and their combination in rheumatoid arthritis: efficacy, safety, and cost analysis with vitamin D3 and BMI Amanjot Kaur; Amandeep Singh; Amit Varma
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.2.32.39

Abstract

Background: A chronic, symmetrical & inflammatory disease, which affects small joints and later progresses to involve large joints. To promote remission and control further joint destruction, disease modifying ant rheumatic drugs are used. The role of low Vitamin D3 and High BMI have been found in pathogenesis of RA. Methodology: The study was designed by Department of pharmacology and patients were enrolled from department of medicine. This was an open label; prospective study. After obtaining, informed written consent, the subjects were randomized in three groups, Group 1-Methotrexate 7.5-15mg once a week, Group 2 - Hydroxychloroquine 200mg BD and Group 3-Methotrexate 7.5mg once a week Plus HCQ 200mg OD. The Vitamin D3 levels and Body mass index was assessed at first visit. The quality of life was assessed using DAS-28/CRP, RAPID-3 Score. Average cost-effective ratio was also calculated. The adverse effects were also assessed using WHO-UMC causality assessment. The statistical analysis of the data Graph pad insta version 3.1 was used, p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean changes in DAS28/CRP and RAPID-3 between baseline & 16 weeks was highly significant (p<0.0001) in all groups. Vitamin D3 levels at baseline was 19.14±0.42, 19.86±0.67 and 19.52±0.98 in all groups respectively. Conclusion: The vitamin D3 levels were in the lower limit and BMI was raised in almost all the patients at first visit. The efficacy of combination therapy is found to be better when given at initial stages of RA patients
Effect of head rotation on visualisation of carotid artery and jugular vein in ijv cannulation: an observational analytical study Poonam Kalra; Gursevak Maan; Satveer Singh Gurjar; Deepak Choudhary
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.2.71.75

Abstract

Background: The relationship between the common carotid artery (CCA) and the internal jugular vein (IJV) plays a crucial role in the process of internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation, and this relationship often undergoes changes with head rotation. Methods: In this analytical, observational study, we aimed to compare the effect of 15-degree and 45-degree head rotation on the visualization of the IJV and CCA among 30 patients undergoing IJV cannulation for central venous access. Ultrasound guidance was used during the cannulation procedure. Results: Our findings revealed that greater overlapping of the IJV, specifically at the 12 o'clock position, was observed in cases with a 45-degree head rotation, whereas a lesser degree of overlapping (IJV at the 10 o'clock position) was observed with head in the neutral position. Conclusion: Based on our observations, we conclude that maintaining a head neutral position during IJV central line insertion under ultrasound guidance is safer compared to a 45-degree neck rotation. This information can contribute to improved safety and efficacy during IJV cannulation procedures.
A prospective study on enterocutaneous fistula in a tertiary care centre: A single institution study Karthikeyan Selvaraj; Rajalakshmi Ramamurthy; Prithvinathan V; Sasikumar Patabi
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.3.36.40

Abstract

Background: Aberrant connection linking gastrointestinal tract and the skin is termed Enterocutaneous fistula. Enterocutaneous fistulas can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Death pertaining to enterocutaneous fistulas remains enormous when juxtaposed with other surgeries. The treatment of Enterocutaneous fistula may be a significant challenge to surgeons and gastroenterologists.  Method: After obtaining ethical committee clearance, a total of 25 patients of Enterocutaneous fistula who presented to Surgical department and Surgical Gastroenterology department were included in the study. The cause, site and output of fistula, clinical course and complications of fistula were studied. Patients were managed either surgically or conservatively depending on the output of the fistula, nutrition and metabolic profile. Results: 19 patients were managed conservatively and 6 patients were managed surgically. Amidst the conservative group, 16 out of 19 patients had spontaneous closure of fistula and remaining three had died as fistulas failed to close. Surgical closure was accomplished in 5 patients but failed in one patient and that patient died. 96% (24 out of 25) of patients in our study had developed fistula post operatively. Among 25 patients studied, nearly 44% each i.e., 11 out of 25 patients had colonic and small bowel fistula respectively followed by fistula at appendix accounting for 12% (i.e., Fistula Output: 11 (44%) fistulae were low output, 8 (32%) were medium output. Conclusion: Enterocutaneous fistulas are more common in postoperative period. Conservative treatment should be the mainstay in management of Enterocutaneous fistula.
Fractionated dose versus bolus dose of isobaric injection ropivacaine (0.75%) for patients undergoing elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia: A randomized, double-blind study Anita Pareek; Dilip Kochar; Richa Kachhawa; Kritika Bohra; Satyaprakash; Satvik Kachhawa
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 3 (2023)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.3.18.23

Abstract

Background: Spinal anaesthesia (SA) using a bolus dose of Ropivacaine (0.75%) is known for its rapid onset but potential chances of hypotension. Administering Ropivacaine (0.75%) in fractions with intervals between the doses, has shown to establish a dense block, prolong analgesia and maintain better hemodynamic stability. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of fractionated and bolus doses of Ropivacaine (0.75%) in patients undergoing elective lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) under spinal anaesthesia. Methods: In a randomized, double-blinded trial, sixty patients scheduled for elective LSCS were enrolled and assigned to two groups. Group A received a single bolus spinal anaesthesia using Ropivacaine (0.75%) (2.5ml), while Group B received a fractionated dose approach: two-thirds of the total Ropivacaine (0.75%) dose (1.6ml) initially, followed by one-third dose (0.9ml) after 90 seconds. Results: The onset of sensory block (Group A: 3.59±1.31 min, Group B: 4.25±0.63 min) and motor block (Group A: 5.49±2.30 min, Group B: 7.34±11.28 min), as well as the duration of analgesia, were significantly longer in Group B (233.33±16.47 min) compared to Group A (185.17±20.61 min) (P < 0.05). Hemodynamic stability was superior in Group B, with all patients showing better stability than those in Group A. Conclusion: Utilizing a fractionated dose of Ropivacaine (0.75%) in spinal anaesthesia results in an extended duration of analgesia and improved hemodynamic stability compared to a bolus dose approach.
A clinical study of patients with conservatively managed extra dural hematoma at a tertiary care hospital Mohammed Minhajuddin Harsoori; Arvind Kumar Tyagi; Mayukh Kamal Goswami
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.2.1.5

Abstract

Background: Head injury causes accumulation of blood between the rigid skull and the outer endosteal layer of the dura mater. If the volume of extradural hematoma is less than 30 ml volume, it may not require surgery based on neurological examination. Objectives: To study the various causes, factors influencing and outcome of conservatively management in Extra Dural Hematomas. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 Extra Dural Hematoma cases requiring conservative management were included in the study. All the patients were subjected to complete neurological examination including and various imaging techniques like CT brain and chest X-ray. The patients with volume<30ml, thickness<5 mm, midline shift<5 mm, GCS >8, were subjected to conservative management by admitting the patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Results: Among 23 EDH cases, 17 (74%) cases were males and 6(26%) cases were females. The mean age of patients was 26.7years. Road traffic accident was the common mode of injury in 47.8% (11 cases) of patients. Mean volume of hematoma was 20.5ml and GCS Score was mild to moderate group.The majority of the patients (34.7%) presented with frontal EDH. Among 23 cases, 91.3% of the patients were discharged with good recovery. Conclusion: Extra Dural Hematoma (EDH) with low volume can be considered for conservative therapy by close observation, yet a risk of sudden neurological deterioration. However, surgical evacuation is the definitive treatment of EDH but craniotomy can be avoided in many patients with keen observation and repeated neurological assessments.

Page 27 of 46 | Total Record : 459

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