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R 108 Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. dr. Soeparno Utara No 60, Grendeng, Purwokerto Utara 53123 phone (0281) 638792 email: redaksijap@gmail.com - animalproduction@unsoed.ac.id
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Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 14112027     EISSN : 25415875     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2021.23.2.10
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary
Animal Production is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in association with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia. The journal was established in 1999 and available online since May 4, 2011. Animal Production was initially published twice a year, then three times a year starting in 2005. The journal coverage focused on small scale livestock farming and technologies which includes the recent science development in animal production, including all aspects of nutrition, breeding, reproduction, post-harvest processing and socio-economics. All articles are available online. Full text available in pdf format and can be downloaded for free. Starting Vol 22 No 1 the papers have been and will be published in our new website (http://animalproduction.id), as the continuation of our previous but still active website (http://animalproduction.net).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September" : 11 Documents clear
The Effect of Caffeine Supplementation in Egg-Yolk Tris Extender on Motility and Velocity of Garut Sheep Sperm Separation Rasad, SD; Soeparna, Soeparna; Nurfaidah, L
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The aims of this research were to know the effect of caffeine in Tris egg yolk extender on motility and velocity of Garut Ram sperm after separation and to find out the optimum dosage of caffeine for both parameters. This research used experimental design with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments on different dosage  (0 mM, 2 mM, 4 mM and 6 mM), each treatment is repeated five times. The result showed that the supplemtation of caffeine significantly influence sperm motility  of Garut Ram sperm after separation. The highest sperm motility was on dosage 4 mM that was 63.57%  on top fraction and 65.90% on below fraction. The highest sperm velocity was on dosage 4 mM that was 62.37 µm/second on top fraction and 64.24 µm/second on below fraction and significantly influence sperm velocity. The conclusion, 4 mM dosage of caffeine  was the optimum dosage to reach the highest motility and velocity of Garut Ram sperm both on top  and below fractions. (Animal Production 12(3): 139-143 (2010)Key Words: spermatozoa, Garut ram, sperm separation, caffeine
The Effect of Enzyme Supplementation on Apparent Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Broilers Fed Sorghum or Wheat Mulyantini, NGA; Bryden, WL
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

In plant products such as sorghum and wheat, 50-70% of total phosphorus is bound in the form of phytin-P, which is unavailable to poultry due to the lack of significant endogenous production of the enzyme phytase.  As a consequence, nitrogen retention and amino acid utilisation are reduced due to the reduction in protein digestibility.  The objective of this study was to determine the influence of a commercial xylanase and phytase alone and in combination on the apparent amino acid digestibility of wheat and sorghum.  The experimental diets were fed in mash form to three replicate pens (6 male birds per pen) for 5 days. On day 42, all birds were euthanatised by an intracardial injection of sodium pentabarbitone solution, and the contents of the lower half of the ileum were collected. Amino acid concentration of ileal digesta samples was determined. The enzymes used were: natuphos phytase (5,000 FTU/g), xylanase (55,000 EXU/g) and b-glucanase (1,200 BGU/g) as well as several side- activities (cellulase and protease); the recommended inclusion rate is 120 g/tonne. Analyses were performed using statistical analysis software SAS. In conclusion, inclusion of xylanase alone in wheat based broiler diets is advantageous through positive effects on the digestibility of all amino acids.  In sorghum based diets, there was no improvement in amino acid digestibility with xylanase or phytase supplementation. (Animal Production 12(3): 169-174 (2010)  Key Words : amino acid, digestibility, enzyme, wheat, sorghum
Inbreeding and Genetic Trend of Dairy Cattle in Baturraden Dairy Cattle Breeding Centre: A Short Communication Susanto, A; Santosa, SA; Sudewo, ATA
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The success (or failure) of a breeding centre can be assessed through the genetic trend of trait(s) included in the breeding objective and the inbreeding trend.  Through continuous genetic evaluation and structured mating program, positive genetic trend while maintaining inbreeding on the reasonable level will be achieved.  Inbreeding level of a population is an important aspect in animal breeding as this may lead to a deteriorating phenomenon called inbreeding depression.  This information will guide the animal breeder on how the mating system of their animals will be designed.  Inbreeding level of a dairy cow population generally is maintained to be less than 10%.  The trend of additive genetic (breeding value) and inbreeding of dairy cattle population in Baturraden Dairy Cattle Breeding Centre (Balai Besar Pembibitan Ternak Unggul Sapi Perah, BBPTU) was examined.  The pedigree data consisted of 450 animals and 861 records were analyzed.  The study included two traits namely milk yield (MY) and calving interval (CI).  The pedigree data were collected from 1977 to 1990. The breeding value (EBV) of animals was estimated using DMU computer package applying repeatability animal model and the coefficient of inbreeding was computed with SECATEURS.  The study showed zero inbreeding level of the population based on the pedigree available without any single inbred animal.  The population showed no genetic progress over years during the period of 1977-1990 based on linear regression of EBVs on the year of birth.  This indicated that during the period of 1977 and 1990 the genetic improvement program in BBPTU was unsuccessful.  The inbreeding level of zero could mean that the designed mating system was successful.  However, no genetic progress and no inbreeding trend could mean that no selection program has been introduced in the breeding centre. (Animal Production 12(3): 144-149 (2010)Key Words: genetic trend, inbreeding trend, BBPTU Baturraden, dairy cattle
The Solubility of Cr-Organic Produced by Hydrolysis, Bioprocess and Bioremediation and its Effect on Fermented Rate, Digestibility and Rumen Microbe Population (in vitro) Tanuwiria, UH; Santosa, U; Yulianti, A; Suryadi, U
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The research was conducted to study the production of organic chromium from the leather tanning waste and its effect on in vitro rumen fermentation activities.  The research was divided into two phases. The first phase was production of organic chromium by alkali hydrolysis, S cereviceae bioprocess, and duckweed bioremediation that perceived solubility in neutral and acid solution. The second phase was the supplementation of organic-Cr in ration seen from in-vitro fermented rate, digestibility and microbe rumen population. Research was conducted experimentally using 4x4 factorial patterns, on the basis of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications in each experimental unit. The first factor was the type of organic-Cr and the second factor was the supplement in ration at four levels, 1, 2, 3 and 4 ppm. The results of this research indicated that organic chromium can be synthesized by alkali hydrolysis, S cereviseae bioprocess and the activity of duckweed bioremediation.  Among the three of processes referred, the highest level of Cr was obtained from S cereviseae bioprocess that was originated from leather-tanning waste.  The levels of organic-Cr that was resulted from alkali hydrolysis, bioprocess from Cl3Cr.6H2O, bioprocess from Cr leather-tanning waste, and from duckweed bioremediation were 354, 1011, 3833 and 310 mg/kg, respectively. Organic-Cr characteristic of each product has relatively similar in ferment ability, dry matter and organic matter digestibility and rumen ecosystem. There is an indication that dry matter and organic matter digestibility and rumen microbe population in ration that was added with organic Cr from alkali hydrolysis was higher than other supplements. (Animal Production 12(3): 175-183 (2010)Key  Words: organic-Cr, rumen fermentation activities, rumen microbe population
Study on Anoa’s Preference to Feed Form Under Ex Situ Conservation Pujaningsih, RI; Sutrisno, CI; Ondho, YS; Malik, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The Anoa is potential to be developed as a meat-producing animal.  Studies on its preference to certain feed types and form is essential as an initial effort to conserve and cultivate anoa as livestock using feed processing technology. This study was aimed to evaluate the anoa’s feed preference to feed physical form, which was processed through feed processing/preserving technology. Latin square design with 3 treatments, and 3 replications was used in this study.  The treatments were three different feed form, i.e. fresh, hay and wafers. Three anoas used as replications. Eating behaviour (eating, rumination upon standing, lying and wallowing), total feed consumptions, total dung, protein and crude fibre content of feed were observed. The results showed that the anoa’s feed in the ex situ area could be prepared in the form of wafers with protein content, crude fibre and total digestible nutrient of 8.11, 23.11 and 72.85%, respectively. Total digestible nutrients of wafer-shaped feed was higher than fresh and dry feed (72.85 vs 62.25, 60.88%). It could be recommended that wafer feed  could be applied in anoa ex situ conservation and cultivation. (Animal Production 12(3): 150-155 (2010)Key words:  anoa, feed preference, wafer, TDN, anoa cultivation
Effects of Supplementation of Alkaloid and Non Alkaloid from Sauropus androgynus Leaves on Egg Production and Lipid Profil in Layer Chicken Santoso, U; Suteky, T; Fenita, Y
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate effects of supplementation of alkaloid or non alkaloid from Sauropus androgynus leaves on productive performance and the contents of lipid fractions in layer chickens. Forty two layer chickens aged 30 weeks were distributed to seven treatment groups. Each treatment group contained six layer chickens maintained in an individual cage, respectively. The present experiment used completely randomized experimental design. The seven treatment groups were as follows: 1)  Control, layer chickens were fed diet without supplementation of alkaloid or non alkaloid extracted from Sauropus androgynus (P0);  2)  Layer chickens were fed diet contained 30 mg non alkaloid/kg diet (P1); 3)  Layer chickens were fed diet contained 60 mg non alkaloid/kg diet (P2); 4)  Layer chickens were fed diet contained 90 mg non alkaloid/kg diet (P3);  5)  Layer chickens were fed diet contained 30 mg  alkaloid/kg diet (P4);  6)  Layer chickens were fed diet contained 60 mg alkaloid/kg diet (P5); 7) Layer chickens were fed diet contained 90 mg alkaloid/kg diet (P6). Layer chickens were fed experimental diet with 2,750 kcal/kg Metabolizable Energy (ME) and 16.0% protein. Diet and drinking water were fed ad libitum. Experimental results showed that supplementation of alkaloid or non alkaloid from Sauropus androgynus leaves significantly affected productive performance in layer chickens. It appear that non alkaloid supplementation had no advantage in improving productive performance, whereas supplementation of 30 mg alkaloid/kg diet might have advantages in improving productive performance as indicated by better egg production and lower feed conversion ratio. Treatment had no effect on glucose and triglyceride concentration in serum, but it affected total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL+VLDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index in serum. Cholesterol concentration in serum was significantly increased in P4 and P6, whereas HDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly increased in P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 as compared with the control group. Atherogenic index was significantly lower in P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 as compared with control group. Egg yolk content was significantly lower in P5 as compared with the control group. Fatty liver score was significantly lower in P1, P2, P4, P5 and P6 as compared with the control group. Abdominal fat was significantly lower in P1, P4 and P6 as compared with the control group. Staphylococcus sp. in eggshell was significantly reduced in layer chickens fed diet with 30 mg non alkaloid/kg diet or 90 mg alkaloid/kg diet, whereas Escherichia coli was not reduced by the treatments.  In conclusion, both alkaloid and non alkaloid from Sauropus androgynus leaves were effective to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis occurrence. In addition, alkaloid was more effective in lowering egg cholesterol than non alkaloid. Both alkaloid and non alkaloid at a given level of supplementation reduced Staphylococcus sp. in eggshell. (Animal Production 12(3): 184-189 (2010)Key Words: alkaloid, non alkaloid, Sauropus androgynus, atherogenix index, cholesterol
Brahman Cross Development in Village Breeding Centre of the Sarjana Membangun Desa: Pitfall and A Lesson Learned Yuwono, P; Sodiq, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the cattle development regarding the pitfall to be lesson learned on cow-calf operation of Brahman Cross (BX) of farmer groups in Village Breeding Centre (VBC) in Central Java province.  Data on productivity of BX were compiled from 547 Brahman cows of 43 VBC of The Sarjana Membangun Desa (SMD) program years 2008-2009 distributed in 10 regencies. Dynamic population, calf-crop, calf and dam mortality, rate of second calving, and service per conception (S/C) were recorded. Quantitative and qualitative descriptive analyses  were applied in this study. Cow-calf operation of Brahman Cross in 43 VBC was unsuccessful in terms of low reproductive rate for the second pregnancy and calving as well as a high rate of calf and dam mortality.  The rate of the second calving was 2.89%.  Calf and dam mortality were 17.27 and 12.23% for the SMD year 2009, meanwhile 25.67 and 7.08%  for the SMD year 2008, respectively.  Cow-calf development of BX in 43 VBC with the goal of increasing cattle populations was not significant.  Some experiences on unsuccessful cow-calf development of BX must be taken into account and become a lesson learned for policy and program formulation in terms of cattle development through cow-calf operation of BX. The real actions through synergism and collaboration among parties (stakeholders) to solve the problems in BX development should be implemented in order to increase farmers’ income, and to achieve the main goal in the acceleration of self-sufficiency in beef production. (Animal Production 12(3): 156-162 (2010) Key Words: Beef cattle development, Brahman Cross, breeding, calf-crop.
Traceability System Model for Quality Gelatin Raw Material of Cattle Hides Nur, S; Munandar, JM; Machfud, Machfud
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Several criteria must be accomplished within the provision of quality products in terms of the types of materials, the processing methods and effort to get it. Traceability system involves various parties that have different needs and goals in the process of supplying raw materials.  Hence, there is a need for institutional systems engineering that can organize and manage the tracking process, the procurement of raw materials that guarantee the origin of gelatin raw materials, and facilitate the industry and customer to create a standardized quality of product. The purpose of the study formulates the institutional tracking models of gelatin raw material from cattle hide based on various criteria and assessment of the expert opinion. The methods used in this study were Interpretative structural modeling to formulate a representation of institutional tracking efficiently and analytical hierarchy process to determine the tracking strategy of industrial gelatin raw materials from cowhide. The results obtained from the study were some key elements of institutional tracking model for industrial gelatin raw materials from cowhide and the traceability strategies for industrial raw materials from cattle hide gelatin Indonesia. (Animal Production 12(3): 190-198 (2010) Key Words: traceability, institutional model, cattle hide, gelatin
Relationship Between Gestation Length and Birth Weight in Nigerian Sheep and Their Crosses Iyiola-Tunji, AO; Akpa, GN; Nwagu, BI; Adeyinka, IA; Osuhor, CU; Lawal, TT; Ojo, OA
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Effect of genotype and birth weight on gestation length was evaluated using Nigerian breeds of sheep and their crosses. The study was carried out at the Sheep Project Unit of Small Ruminant Research Programme (SRRP) of National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI), Ahmadu Bello University, Shika-Zaria. The sheep breeds used were Balami, Uda and Yankasa. Heat (estrus) detection was carried out twice daily; in the morning (07:00-08:00 hours); and in the evening (16:00-17:00 hours) using apron fitted rams to pick does on heat. A total of 56 lambs were used for this study. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using General Linear Model and Correlation Procedure of SAS. All the genotypes had similar gestation length with values between 150.3±0.61 days and 153.3±0.60 days, except for Balami pure breed (BAL X BAL) lambs that recorded a shorter gestation length (137.1±0.81 days). There was a wide variation in the birth weight of lambs with the crosses between Balami rams and Yankasa ewes recording a distinct birth weight of 3.5±0.08 kg while the crosses obtained using Yankasa rams on Uda and Balami ewes gave the lowest birth weights (1.7±0.19 and 1.4±0.18, respectively). Sex and litter type have no significant effect (P>0.05) on gestation length. Birth weight was however affected by sex of lambs and their litter type. Litter type was negatively correlated with birth weight (-0.372). Gestation length had a low and non-significant relationship with birth weight; litter type and lamb genotype. Lamb genotype does not have a significant relationship with litter type. Genetic improvement of Nigeria sheep breed is possible if the resources of within and between breed is exploited. Selection for a reduction in gestation length may indirectly increase prolificacy. (Animal Production 12(3): 135-138 (2010)Key Words : gestation length, birth weight, Nigerian Sheep
Application of Linear Body Measurements for Predicting Weaning and Yearling Weight of Bali Cattle Gunawan, A; Jakaria, Jakaria
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The objective of this research was to predict the weaning and yearling weight of Bali cattle using simple linear body measurement. The height wither (HW), body length (BL) and heart girth (HG) were measured in centimeters, using caliper, whereas weaning (WW)and yearling weight (YW) was determined in kilograms using a weighing scale. Results of the correlation coefficient showed  that hearth girth (HG) highly correlated with weaning and yearling weight were 0.847 and 0.871 respectively. In all, the height wither (HW) had the least correlation coefficient were 0.328 and 0.782 on weaning and yearling weight respectively.  Results of the stepwise regression showed that HG was a good estimator of WW and YW of Bali cattle followed by HW and BL. The comparison of residuals indicated that only two equations (HG and BL) accurately predicted weaning and yearling weight. From these results, it was concluded that weaning and yearling weight of Bali cattle can be estimated using simple linear body measurement of heart girth, body length and height wither especially in most remote areas where farmers are challenged with the unavailability of weighing scale. (Animal Production 12(3): 163-168 (2010)Key Words: weaning and yearling weight, linear body measurements, Bali cattle

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