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INDONESIA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20890133     EISSN : 24776416     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Astronomy Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics provides rapid publication of short reports and important research in all fields of physics. Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics publishes articles that are of significance in their respective fields whilst also contributing to the disclipline of physics as a whole. Articles should be submitted to the Editorial Office of Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics through this site. Further information on submission is also available at this site
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Articles 239 Documents
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Design of Resistivity Meter Data Storage System Based on Arduino Mega 2560 Laboratory Scale Measurement Results Setiawan, Dewa Gede Eka; Prayatman, Rizky; Tansa, Salmawaty
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i1.64901

Abstract

A resistivity meter can find out resistivity depth of rock structure, sediment layer, or the depth of water surface. However, the resistivity meter that is often used requires manually recording of the measurement results before inputting them into the processing data software, and this creates many steps in the geoelectric survey. This is because acquiring a resistivity meter with a data storage system entails additional costs, due to its expensive price. Consequently, many of the resistivity meters currently found in laboratories or used in the field are not equipped with a data storage system. This research aims to design a resistivity meter with a data storage system for measurement results, based on Arduino Mega 2560, for laboratory scale. The used sensors were INA219 currents sensor and voltage sensor. In addition, the tests were carried out to determine the level of accuracy of each sensor and testing for data storage system of measurement result. This research employed Schlumberger configuration in the development of resistivity meter. This research has successfully developed a resistivity meter device with a current sensor accuracy level of 97.28% using the INA219 sensor, and a voltage sensor accuracy level of 97.44%. It is noteworthy that the accuracy level is high, and the device is capable of performing readings effectively. This research has successfully designed a resistivity meter which has a measurement data storage.
A Comparison of CNN-based Image Feature Extractors for Weld Defects Classification Purnomo, Tito Wahyu; Ramadhany, Harun Al Rasyid; Jati, Hapsara Hadi Carita; Handoko, Djati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i1.72509

Abstract

Classification of the types of weld defects is one of the stages of evaluating radiographic images, which is an essential step in controlling the quality of welded joints in materials. By automating the weld defects classification based on deep learning and the CNN architecture, it is possible to overcome the limitations of visually or manually evaluating radiographic images. Good accuracy in classification models for weld defects requires the availability of sufficient datasets. In reality, however, the radiographic image dataset accessible to the public is limited and imbalanced between classes. Consequently, simple image cropping and augmentation techniques are implemented during the data preparation stage. To construct a weld defect classification model, we proposed to utilize the transfer learning method by employing a pre-trained CNN architecture as a feature extractor, including DenseNet201, InceptionV3, MobileNetV2, NASNetMobile, ResNet50V2, VGG16, VGG19, and Xception, which are linked to a simple classification model based on multilayer perceptron. The test results indicate that the three best classification models were obtained by using the DenseNet201 feature extractor with a test accuracy value of 100%, followed by ResNet50V2 and InceptionV3 with an accuracy of 99.17%. These outcomes are better compared to state-of-the-art classification models with a maximum of six classes of defects. The research findings may assist radiography experts in evaluating radiographic images more accurately and efficiently.
Kinetics of optical phonons and DP depolarization of spins in drift transport: Hot carrier spin effect in semiconductors Miah, M. Idrish
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i2.86965

Abstract

Spin-conserving transport of carriers is an essential requirement for the practical semiconductor-based spintronic devices. Kinetics of optical phonons and Dyakonov-Perel (DP) depolarization of spins in drift transport in semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs) is theoretically investigated. We consider electrons in n-type bulk GaAs subjected to a strong electric field, where the electron distribution is assumed to be drifted Maxwellian. The momentum drift of this distribution results in the enhanced drift velocity, and electrons with the corresponding energy emit optical hot phonons in the drifting process. The hot phonons are incorporated via the longitudinal polar optical phonon (POP) mechanism in the momentum relaxation. It is found that a finite phonon lifetime can reduce the momentum relaxation rate, which results in a delay in the runaway to higher fields, where the effect increases with the electron density. The electron spin is found to relax with the DP relaxation frequencies, and the DP spin lifetimes are found to decrease with increasing the drift field. However, a high field completely depolarizes the electron spin due to an increase of the DP spin precession frequency of the hot electrons in the POP scattering process. It is also found that the DP spin precession frequency decreases with decreasing electron temperature or increasing electron density in the moderate range. However, the findings resulting from this investigation demonstrate the hot carrier effect in the spin transport in semiconductors. The results are discussed in comparison with those obtained in earlier experimental and theoretical studies with different approaches.
Adsorption Behavior of Sugarcane Bagasse-Derived Activated Carbon as a Copper Removal Amanah, Nur Layli; Manuputty, Alsello Diveni; Ramadhani, Fadila Arum; Floresyona, Dita; Nursanto, Eduardus Budi; Oktaviano, Haryo Satriya; Nugroho, Agung
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.87564

Abstract

This study aims to remove Cu2+ as a heavy metal inside the sample solution implementation. Eliminating heavy metals through activated carbon utilizes sugarcane bagasse's high carbon content, which is rich in cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. There are various methods for eliminating metal content, including activation using Acid 0.1 M Hydrochloric Acid (HCl),  Base 0.1 M Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), and without using activation media. The method considers the different ion Cu2+ initial concentrations and contact times. Detailed initial concentrations of Cu2+ were conducted using CuSO4 media for 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 ppm and 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes for length of contact time. For the result, the transmittance of FTIR showed a primary functional group of Activated Carbon (AC) on SBAC-1, comprising O-H, C-O, and C=O. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis also shows the significant value reaching 458.607 m2/g surface area's adsorption and had qmax = 8.13 mg/g, the highest adsorption capacity. The plot brings about the adsorption mechanism as physiochemical & multilayer adsorption, with a physisorption layer with percent removal of Cu2+ at 81.3% at 30 minutes optimum time and optimum initial concentration of 5 mg/L with 82.2 % absorption on SBAC-1. The determination of Freundlich as the isotherm model is the most suitable mechanism of absorption for all process variations and generates a R2 value of 0.9731 for the SBAC-1 sample.
Gravity Interpretation of Mud Volcano based on Satellite Data (Study Case Kuwu and Cangkring Mud Volcano) Indriana, Rina Dwi; Mariyanto, Mariyanto; Agustin, Eleonora; Iryanti, Mimin; Hapsoro, Cahyo Aji; Koesuma, Sorja; Ashadi, Abdul Latif
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i1.84933

Abstract

A mud volcano is one type of mountain in the world. Mud volcano has specific characteristics. In Java, several mud volcanoes spread from west to east of Java. Bledug Kuwu and Bledug Cangkring are mud volcanoes in Central Java. Research on the Bledug Kuwu and Cangkring mud volcanoes systems was not done. In this preliminary study, the gravitational field analysis of the Kuwu-Cangkring mud volcano system was done by using GGmPlus satellite data with a 220 m grid and elevation data using ERTM. Free air anomaly data processing obtained a complete Bouguer anomaly value of 23 to 34 mGal. The separation process of anomalies using the upward continuation method produces a local of -0.5 to 0.5 mGal and a regional of 23 mGal to 34 mGal. The local anomaly value of Bledug Kuwu was -0.275 to - 0.05 mGal and Bledug Cangkring-0.125 to 0.1 mGal. The local anomaly around Bledug Cangkring is higher than Bledug Kuwu, indicating a lower density beneath Bledug Kuwu than in Cangkring.
Solar System Constraints on the Yukawa Potential in f(R) Gravity Budhi, Romy Hanang Setya
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i2.99471

Abstract

The  gravity theory is a modification of general relativity that yields a Yukawa gravitational potential in the weak-field limit. This potential modifies the Newtonian potential by adding an exponential term that depends on the parameters  and . In this study, we test the consistency of the Yukawa potential with observational data on the perihelion precession of planets in the solar system. Using observational data from the planets, we estimate the parameters  and  that are consistent with observations. Additionally, we analyze the constraints imposed by the Parametrized Post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism on these parameters. The results indicate that the parameter  can be taken within the range , with a relatively small value of . Observational constraints from the Cassini and MESSENGER missions also provide tight bounds on the PPN parameters  and . These findings suggest that the Yukawa potential in  gravity can explain gravitational phenomena on the scale of the solar system without violating existing observational constraints.
Performance Analysis of EPC Material as a Kidney Organ Phantom with Exposure Voltage Variations and PA-GF-Based Kidney Stone Size Cari, Cari; Yunianto, Mohtar; Anwar, Fuad; Permadi, Hardo Ardiansyah Gilang
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i2.106579

Abstract

Research in the field of radiodiagnostics has been extensively developed, creating the need for substitute objects to represent human organs—namely, radiological phantoms. A phantom is a simulated model of an organ fabricated using 3D printing technology. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of Expanded Polyamide – Glass Fiber (EPA-GF) as a kidney stone phantom material embedded within a kidney phantom, based on parameters such as material density, CT number, electron density, and radiation dose across various CT scan exposure voltages. The phantom samples were printed using a dual-extruder 3D printer, with Expanded Polycarbonate (EPC) used as the kidney phantom material. CT scan exposure voltages were set to 80 kV, 100 kV, and 120 kV. Kidney stone sizes used in this study ranged from 1 mm to 8 mm (1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, and 8 mm). The measured density of EPA-GF was 1.51 ± 0.06 g/cm³. The CT numbers obtained at each voltage were 373.30 HU, 329.05 HU, and 299.46 HU, respectively. The corresponding electron density values were 1.231, 1.210, and 1.196, respectively. The effective doses measured at each voltage were 0.0240 mSv, 0.0448 mSv, and 0.0798 mSv. All parameter values were found to be closely aligned with literature references. The smallest visible kidney stone size detected was 2 mm.
Characterization and Cross-Sectional Modeling of the Newly Identified Rawup Fault Based on Relocated Hypocenters and Focal Mechanism in South Sulawesi Wulur, Kevin Hanyu Clinton; Purba, Joshua; Priadi, Ramadhan
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i2.104787

Abstract

This study presents an integrated seismotectonic analysis combining earthquake hypocenter relocation and P-wave polarity–based focal mechanism modeling to investigate the microseismic cluster in the Maros–Pangkep region, South Sulawesi. Using seismic data recorded by the BMKG network between 2019 and 2024, a total of 191 events were successfully relocated through the double-difference (HypoDD) algorithm, achieving a significant reduction in RMS residuals. The relocated hypocenters delineate a coherent northwest–southeast–trending fault plane with a strike of approximately 260° and a dip of 7–9°, consistent with a dextral strike-slip mechanism exhibiting minor oblique components. Integration with polarity-derived focal mechanisms confirms a consistent stress orientation compatible with regional compression along the Walanae Fault System. This alignment suggests the presence of a previously unmapped active structure, herein referred to as the Rawup Fault, accommodating local stress redistribution between carbonate and volcanic–clastic units. The findings advance the understanding of active deformation in low-seismicity, karst-dominated terrains and demonstrate the value of combining relocation and focal mechanism analyses for detecting hidden faults. These results provide new insights into the tectonic evolution and seismic hazard potential of the Maros-Pangkep.
Sea Wave Height Monitoring Prototype as an Early Warning System for Tidal Flood Disaster Muhayadi, Samsul; Sudiarta, I Wayan; Pradjoko, Eko
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i2.107543

Abstract

Indonesia is an archipelagic country located between the Indian Ocean to the south and the Pacific Ocean to the north. As a consequence of this, during the rainy and transitional seasons, extreme weather occurs, especially in the southern coastal areas. According to data from the National Disaster Management Agency, in the last six years, more than 200 tidal waves and abrasion have hit the coastal areas of Indonesia. These conditions can lead to various disasters, particularly tidal flooding. Therefore, the development and design a wave height monitoring device as an early warning system for tidal flooding is necessary. This device is expected to play a vital role in disaster mitigation, because it can provide the information about the potential for tidal flooding based on the changes in wave height. The design of this device uses the LPD3806 encoder as a sensor and the nRF24L01 to send information to the monitoring station. Furthermore, running tests has been conducted and based on the results of the maximum distance test, information delivery can reach 800 meters in an open area with a maximum delay of 2 seconds. For sensor accuracy, a value of  99.7% was obtained, indicating the sensor has a small measurement error rate. On top of that, during field tests, the device demonstrated durability under bad weather, with no loss of data sent. This shows that this device can operate reliably under extreme weather environments.
Simulation of Boron Dose and Irradiation Time in Lung Cancer Treatment with Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) Using MCNP-6 Handayani, Nita; Soelistiyono, Kevin Kautsar; Arianto, Fajar
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i1.85497

Abstract

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a cancer radiation treatment. This approach employs a boron carrier agent in the form of a chemical that is injected into the body and then travels to the cancer cells. In a lung cancer case study, BNCT treatment simulation was carried out using Monte Carlo N Particle (MCNP) software version 6.2. The goal of this study was to determine the most effective boron concentration and irradiation duration in lung cancer therapy utilizing the BNCT method. The geometry based on a phantom model created by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The simulated cancer geometry, which is placed in the right lung's middle lobe. The skin, ribs, and right lung are among the organs at risk. The skin, ribs, and right lung are among the organs at risk. The neutron source for the simulation is the collimator output from the Kartini Nuclear Reactor's thermal column. In this simulation, the variations in boron concentrations were 40 g/g, 45 g/g, 50 g/g, 55 g/g, and 60 g/g of cancer tissue at 5 g/g intervals. The researchers discovered a link between boron injection concentration and irradiation time, with higher boron injection concentrations resulting in shorter irradiation times. The volume of boron injected determines the effective dose absorbed by healthy tissue surrounding cancer cells. The effective boron concentration for lung cancer therapy is 60 g/g, with deterministic cell killing in the rib marrow and right lung. When utilizing a boron concentration of 60 g/g, the irradiation time is 20.4 minutes. Boron concentrations of 60 g/g are projected to create an effective irradiation time for BNCT-based lung cancer therapy based on the ALARA principle due to their shorter duration when compared to other concentration variations.

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