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INDONESIA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20890133     EISSN : 24776416     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Astronomy Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics provides rapid publication of short reports and important research in all fields of physics. Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics publishes articles that are of significance in their respective fields whilst also contributing to the disclipline of physics as a whole. Articles should be submitted to the Editorial Office of Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics through this site. Further information on submission is also available at this site
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Articles 239 Documents
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Visual Analysis on Photoacoustic Emission Images of Synthetic Dye Contrast Agents inside a Simple Closed-Surface Phantom Nugraha, Mahendra Kusuma; Gani, Ernawatil; Mitrayana, Mitrayana
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.77839

Abstract

A straightforward photoacoustic microscopy imaging system utilizing a laser diode emitting photons at wavelength of 450 nanometers was employed for visualizing contrast-enhanced phantom objects. These phantoms consist of polypropylene tubes with a diameter of 0.3 cm, infused with three types of dye solutions: methylene blue, methyl orange, and methyl red, at varying concentrations of 10 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm. In total, twelve phantom objects were imaged, each positioned over a 1x1 cm imaging area constructed from composite galvalume plates. A condenser microphone with audiosonic frequency response was employed as the photoacoustic detector, capturing ones generated by the objects. These emissions were subsequently processed and transformed into two-dimensional polychromatic images. Three primary aspects govern the visual characteristics of each acquired image: (i) the visible light absorption capacity at 450 nanometers for each type of dye; (ii) the concentration of soluble dye molecules; and (iii) the geometry and shape of the polypropylene tube functioning as the closed-surface phantom. It was discovered that utilizing polypropylene tubes as the closed-surface phantom can hinder the propagation of photoacoustic emissions generated by the solution, leading to significantly lower measured photoacoustic intensity than expected. When combined with the intrinsic properties of the contrast agents used, this key factor ultimately shapes the image features obtained from this experiment.
Cosmological Consequence of Varying Speed of Light and Gravitational Constant Joseph, Gabriel Wirdzelii; Kenda, Lucky Peter; Kanu, Maxwell Obia
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i1.74838

Abstract

The speed of light is taken to be a constant in a vacuum. This forms the basic tool for the principle of General Covariance, which asserts that all laws of Physics should take the same form in all frames of reference. Without putting inflation into consideration, the theory of varying speed of light (VSL) would solve basic problems of cosmology in the early universe. Furthermore, the Gravitational constant G that occurred in the Friedmann Equations may not have been real constants in the early universe but have some variation with the universe scale factor. Cosmological models with varying physical constants have been of interest in recent years with few works in the literature. A cosmological solution obtained by incorporating variable speed of light and gravitational constant gives a cosmic model which is free from the initial Big Bang singularity and horizon problem. It is also observed here that the early universe was dominated by dark matter, however, as the scale factor increases, the dark energy become dominant.
Assessment of Settlement Area Development in Jember Regency Area Based on Multitemporal LANDSAT 8 OLI-TIRS Data Cahyono, Bowo Eko; Umniyah, Inas Alfiyatul
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.97656

Abstract

Jember is a regency in the province of East Java-Indonesia, experiencing residential or settlement area growth because of increasing population as the main trigger for land use changing. Monitoring the development of settlement areas is important for regional and urban planning. Remote sensing technology provides fast and efective methods of classifying land use and land cover for regional aea, so monitoring the development of settelemnent area can be identified easily. This study aims to determine the classification of land use and analyse the distribution or evelopment of settlement area in the Jember District based on LANDSAT 8 OLI-TIRS data for the year of 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019 and 2021. The classification was conducted by supervised classification method using a random forest algorithm. The land use is divided into six classes namely vegetation, water body, settlement, bush grass, open land and paddy field. The results showed that settlement area continues to increase every year, meanwhile the area of vegetation, water bodies, bush grass, open land and paddy fields varies every year. The distribution of settlement area in each sub-district showed that the largest area of settlements occur in Ambulu sub-district with 1,447 ha in 2013, 4,064 ha in 2019, and 3,215 ha in 2021. The other years that are 2015 and 2017, Wuluhan sub-district was detected as the largest area of settlement which are 2,950 ha in 2015 and 2,291 ha in 2017. However, this number of settlement area distribution does not really reflect the level of housing density in each sub-district. Thus, the housing density was calcuated by dividing the settlement area to the sub-district area. It found that the highest settlement density in 2021 is located in Kaliwates sub-district with a percentage of 48%, followed by Sumbersari at 44%, Balung at 31%, Ambulu at 30%, and Umbulsari at 29%.
Evaluation of Ferric Ion Adsorption On The Surface Imprinting Adsorbent Alfikro, Ihsan; Jorena, Jorena; Koriyanti, Erry; Satya, Octavianus Cakra; Monado, Fiber; Royani, Idha
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i2.89893

Abstract

Rapidity in technological aspects encourages industrial sector to utilize and apply the latest technology to accelerate and optimize production in its field. Thus, waste from industry polluting various aspects of environment, such as water, gives rise to environmental impacts. Heavy metals, including iron, are one of the most common and dangerous pollutants often found in water environments. Therefore, consideration of methods for heavy metal separation from water becomes important. The adsorption method has been used for separating heavy metals because of its simplicity, thus effectively cuts energy consumption and costs in process. However, heavy metal characteristics in water can vary depending on the element. Consequently, understanding the heavy metal characteristics in water is important, hence capable of formulate appropriate and effective adsorption systems. This study, Fe(III)-IIPs was applied to adsorb and separate iron from water through repeated adsorption with parameter improvements. The pH parameter plays an important role, with ion competition happens at pH <2 and the formation of iron hydroxide species at pH >4.5, which results in adsorption inhibition. The modeling of adsorption kinetic equation was found that the adsorption system carries chemisorption characteristics, with adsorption capacity of 11.15 mg/g and reaction rate constant of 19 min-1.
A theoretical study of electron impact excitation of the lowest autoionizing states of rubidium using a distorted wave method Oketch, Fredrick Omboga
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.86355

Abstract

In this study, we applied distorted wave method to calculate integral cross sections, differential cross sections, and alignment parameters for electron impact excitation of the lowest autoionizing state of Rb. The projectile electron energy we considered is in the range of near threshold up to high energy region (1 keV). We considered static potential of the initial target state as the initial channel distortion potential and a linear combination of static potentials of initial and final target states as the final channel distortion potential. The wave functions used in this model are the multi-zeta and the double-zeta Hartree-Fock single electron wave functions. In order to perform the numerical calculations, we have modified distorted wave Born approximation 1 (DWBA1) program. In the present study, we have evaluated the exchange amplitudes exactly without any approximation. We have compared our results with other theoretical and experimental results available to us. The present results for integral cross sections are in good agreement with experimental results of Borovik. Our distorted wave results are in much better agreement with the experimental result than does the Dirac B-spline R-matrix results of Borovik. Additionally, our alignment parameter results show a near threshold maximum. Furthermore, from the present differential cross sections results it is observed that when the incident energy increases to 200 eV, the cross sections with or without the effect of exchange coincide nearly at all scattering angles.
Investigation of Groundwater Potential in Marsela and Bululora Villages, Masela Island, Southwest Maluku District Using VES and LEM Resistivity Data Souisa, Matheus; Sapulete, Sisca M; O. Souisa, Sean O; Ohoiner, Cici C.N.; Waimalaka, Raras F; Mataheruilla, Leona Y; Pangely, Sansina L
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i2.73409

Abstract

Groundwater has a wider distribution than surface water because groundwater fills all the pores of the rocks and soil beneath the earth's surface. Groundwater is located in a layer of soil called the aquifer layer which can be identified by the resistivity geoelectric method. The hydrogeological survey conducted in this study included the characterization of aquifers such as rock types and aquifer types through the interpretation of subsurface conditions using the geoelectric resistivity mapping (LEM) method with the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration and sounding (VES) with the Schlumberger configuration. The results showed that the MarselaVes-1 (GeoM-01), MarselaVes-2 (GeoM-02), and BululoraVes-1 (GeoB-01) point areas have local aquifers with moderate productivity and wide distribution. These three geoelectric points have the potential for drilling. Meanwhile, the hydrogeology at the BululoraVes-2 (GeoB-2) point has an aquifer with low productivity.
Reduced Graphene Oxide/Silica Based Electrode Material: Synthesis and Characterization Rafiq, Sinta Nur Mazida; Rahmawati, Dina; Effendi, Mukhtar; Ghoshal, Sib Krishna; Kurniawan, Candra; Widanarto, Wahyu
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i2.83371

Abstract

Developing a Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) synthesis method based on rice husk as a composite electrode material with silica has garnered particular attention for designing high-quality electrode materials. This research successfully synthesized rGO-Si material from rice husk-derived activated carbon through a one-step thermal reduction process at 200 °C. This method offers a simple, efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly synthesis approach. The resulting samples' morphology, surface composition, crystal structure, surface area, and pore diameter size were characterized using FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, and SAA-BET. EDX characterization results confirmed the predominance of carbon content in the samples. At the same time, the natural emergence of Si without external addition due to thermal reduction at 200 °C was an intriguing initial finding. The spherical crystal structure of silica between the wrinkled rGO layers was confirmed through FE-SEM and XRD analysis. The synergistic effect between Si and rGO significantly increased the sample's surface area, with a value of 34.17 m2/g for the rGO sample before thermal reduction, which increased to 121.24 m2/g after the thermal reduction process at 200 °C. This process also positively impacted the reduction in pore size of rGO-Si, with a value decreasing from 9.33 nm before thermal reduction to 4.89 nm after the thermal reduction process. The results of this study demonstrate that rGO-Si synthesized from rice husk-derived activated carbon holds great potential as a high-performance electrode material, combining the advantages of thermal reduction, natural Si content, and increased surface area for diverse applications.
Identification of Shale Layer in Offshore Field of North East Java Basin for Non-Conventional Oil and Gas Exploration Dewanto, Ordas; Syaharani, Nanda Paquita; Darsono, Darsono; Wibowo, Andy Setyo
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i2.91056

Abstract

Non-conventional hydrocarbon exploration is one way to develop shale potential to increase oil and gas reserves in Indonesia. Shale is a rock that is rich in organic material and is a target for non-conventional exploration, because it functions as a source and reservoir rock with a large shale volume and low permeability. Isopach maps can represent the thickness of shale layers and have the potential to become non-conventional exploration targets located in thick shale layers. Based on this background, this research will identify shale layers in the offshore fields of the North East Java Basin for non-conventional oil and gas exploration. The methods used are well logging and seismic methods. This research focuses on determining the location of shale layer depocenters based on isopach maps as a first step in localizing areas that will be targeted for the development of non-conventional hydrocarbon exploration. This research uses 29 2D seismic lines and 2 well data, namely NP-1 and NP-2 wells and the research target is the Kujung Formation and Ngimbang Formation in the offshore area of the North East Java Basin. The results obtained from the isopach map show that the depocenter location of the Kujung Formation is in the northwest direction with a shale thickness of 600-800 meters, while the Ngimbang Formation is in the east direction with a shale thickness of 1000-1300 meters. From the depocenter location, it can be seen that this location has a wealth of organic material so it has the potential to become a source rock and reservoir.
Surface Area Analysis of Activated Carbon Material From Palm Frond Waste using Different Activation Agents Intifadhah, Sahara Hamas; Munir, Rahmawati; Hamdani, Dadan; Natalisanto, Adrianus Inu; Muliyono, Suhadi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.96045

Abstract

Carbon is one of the abundant elements obtained from organic matter, one of which is found in the fronds of oil palm trees which is found on the Kalimantan Island. This research uses local organic waste in East Kalimantan to be used as activated carbon material, palm frond waste. Activated carbon material is one of the materials that has a high surface area and is widely applied for adsorbent materials. This study aims to analyze and compare the surface area of activated carbon synthesized from palm frond waste using different activating agents. This research also analyzes the nature of the material structure, surface area, pore size and pore volume of activated carbon. The method used is the process of thermal activation and chemical activation to convert carbon into activated carbon with variations of activating agents, phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). XRD, BET-SAA and SEM-EDX characterization tests were conducted. The results obtained show that the amorphous structure of activated carbon has been formed and there is an increase in BET surface area due to the activation process. The surface area obtained for the Non-Activated Carbon (C) sample is 15,149 m2/g, Activated Carbon-NaOH (AC-1) is 2,082 m2/g, Activated Carbon-H3PO4 (AC-2) is 307,692 m2/g. This shows that the best sample with the highest surface area is the AC-2 sample which uses the H3PO4 chemical activator solution.
Mechanical Properties of PVA/Alginate Membranes Fabricated using Electrospinning as A Wound Dressing Puspita Sari, Putri Endah; Umiati, Ngurah Ayu Ketut; Subagio, A
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 14, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v14i2.78960

Abstract

Alginate is an interesting natural biopolymer due to its many benefits and good biological properties. Observing the mechanical properties of PVA/Alginate fibers made by electrospinning machines can help predict their behavior and measure their performance under various conditions including applied external forces. Therefore, this study investigated the elastic properties of PVA/Alginate membranes, specifically tensile strength and elongation. The fabrication material used is PVA / Alginate solution with a PVA solution concentration of 20% and alginate solution 2.5%. The electrospinning process is carried out by optimizing at a voltage of 25 kV, the distance between the spinneret end and the collector is 15 cm, the flow rate is 130, and the spinneret diameter variations are 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.8 mm. To determine the morphology of the fiber surface, observations were made using ocular microscopes and SEM. From this observation, it is known that the morphology formed using a 0.4 mm spinneret has the tightest structure among the three sizes of spinneret diameter. To determine the effect of spinneret diameter on the value of tensile strength and elongation, tensile strength tests are carried out. The tensile strength and elongation values of the membrane obtained with variations in spinneret diameters of 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.8 mm are 1.96 MPa, 3.77 MPa and 6.11 MPa respectively and the elongation values are 17%, 52.7%, and 97%.  With medical material standards, it has a tensile strength value between 1 MPa – 24 MPa and an elongation value between 17% – 207%, so that PVA / Alginate fiber membranes have the potential to be applied as wound dressings.

Page 20 of 24 | Total Record : 239

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