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ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 14124092     EISSN : 24434183     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia is a chemistry journal published by Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia publishes original research articles or review articles in organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental chemistry.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March" : 15 Documents clear
Karakterisasi, Aplikasi, dan Bioaktivitas Edible Film Kitosan dengan Bahan Aktif Minyak Atsiri Sabella Vegasty; Triana Kusumaningsih; Maulidan Firdaus; Annisa Istiqomah
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.86140.1-16

Abstract

Penelitian terkait edible film kitosan telah banyak dikembangkan selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Edible film kitosan merupakan alternatif kemasan pangan yang ramah lingkungan. Kitosan dapat membentuk ikatan intermolekul dengan pati, yang membantu memperbaiki struktur dan sifat fisik film, meningkatkan kilap, transparansi, aktivitas antibakteri, dan mengurangi tingkat kebasahan campuran pelapis. Kombinasi biofilm kitosan-pati singkong merupakan kandidat kuat untuk pelapis dan pengemasan pangan. Campuran keduanya masih bersifat hidrofilik sehingga stabilitas mekanis, ketahanan air, dan perlindungan kelembaban masih jauh dari standar ideal. Penambahan minyak atsiri dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tarik, perpanjangan, dan memperkuat matriks polimer antara kitosan-pati juga berpotensi meningkatkan bioaktivitas dalam edible film. Kajian ini difokuskan pada (1) Pengaruh kombinasi minyak atsiri terhadap karakteristik fisik, kimia, termal, dan mekanik edible film kitosan/pati dan (2) Pembahasan bioaktivitas edible film kitosan/pati/minyak atsiri terhadap berbagai mikroorganisme dalam pangan (3) Aplikasi edible film kitosan/pati/minyak atsiri pada produk pangan.Characterization, Application, and Bioactivity of Edible Chitosan/Starch Film with Essential Oil Active Ingredients. Research related to chitosan edible film has been widely developed over the past few years. Chitosan edible film is an environmentally friendly alternative to food packaging. Chitosan can form intermolecular bonds with starch, which helps improve the structure and physical properties of the film, increases gloss, transparency, antibacterial activity, and reduces the wetness of the coating mixture. The combination of chitosan-cassava starch biofilm is a strong candidate for food coating and packaging. The mix of both is still hydrophilic, so the mechanical stability, water resistance, and moisture protection are still far from ideal standards. The addition of essential oils can increase tensile strength, elongation and strengthen the polymer matrix between chitosan-starch, which also has the potential to increase bioactivity in edible films. This review focuses on (1) The effect of essential oil combination on the physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of chitosan/starch edible films and (2) Discussion of the bioactivity of chitosan/starch/essential oil edible films on various microorganisms in food (3) Application of edible chitosan/starch/essential oil films on food products.
The Characterization of Capsule Shell from Acid-Hydrolyzed Palm Oil Starch Amalia Khairunnisa; Pratika Viogenta; Nani Kartinah; Desy Aulia Azzahra
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.93550.72-81

Abstract

Acid hydrolysis of palm trunk starch can increase the amylose content in starch, providing a stronger and more stable film. This study aims to obtain the best-modified starch concentration ratio with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and identify their characteristics. Modifying palm trunk starch was conducted with an acetic buffer using CH3COONa and CH3COOH, decolorizing starch with activated carbon. Manufacturing a capsule shell was performed with weight ratio variations of modified starch and HPMC 1:1 (F1), 2:1 (F2), and 3:1 (F3). All formulations produced firm and elastic capsule shells. The capsule products were consistent in an average weight of F1 (0.10 g), F2 (0.11 g), and F3 (0.14 g). The average disintegration test results were F1 (10 minutes, 27.57 seconds), F2 (6 minutes, 47.06 seconds), and F3 (4 minutes, 34.24 seconds). Tensile strength results were F1 (2.147 MPa), F2 (2.565 MPa), and F3 (2.159 MPa). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results showed a vibration at a wavenumber of 1560 cm-1 corresponding to the characteristic fingerprint of the C–O vibration stretching in the capsule shell made from starch modified by HPMC. The concentration of modified starch affects the capsule shell’s characteristics, showing that capsule shell F2 (2:1) has the best formulation.
Green-Fuel Production Through Co-Processing Biomass Derived Oil with Standard Gasoil Feedstock Rizki Ekananda; Rokhmaturrokhman Rokhmaturrokhman; Wilda Yuni Parinduri; Zaky Al Fatony
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.91418.130-137

Abstract

To enhance refinery revenue through the use of new and renewable materials, lab-scale research on green-fuel production has been conducted. This involved co-processing biomass-derived oil with standard gasoil feedstock and existing E-cat to assess its feasibility for commercial fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) units. The catalytic cracking process varied the type of biomass-derived oil (Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO)) against standard gasoil, using typical operating parameters: cracking temperature of 510 °C, C/O ratio of ~6, and regenerator temperature of 715 °C. The Advanced Cracking Evaluation (ACE) reactor modeled one cycle of reaction and regeneration. Product yields were calculated using mass balance of liquid and gas products, modeled with GC Simdist, GC RGA, and CO2 Analyzer, while gasoline octane number was based on PONA composition using GC DHA. Results showed conversion rates of 85-86%, Research Octane Number (RON) of 91.2 – 93.55, and product yields for coke, dry gas, propylene, LPG, gasoline, LCO, and bottom fraction in the ranges of 6.9 – 7.1%, 1.26 – 3%, 6.79 – 8.5%, 19.52 – 23.1%, 44.8 – 51.63%, 10.21 – 11.4%, and 3 – 3.68%, respectively. Both CPO and RBDPO can be used as co-processing feedstock in FCC units, but adjustments in operating conditions, catalyst formulation, or optimization of the wet gas compressor may be needed due to higher light fraction (Propylene and LPG) and lower gasoline production.
Elektroda Pasta Karbon Termodifikasi Bentonit Alam untuk Analisis Ion Pb(II) dalam Air Laut Irdhawati Irdhawati; Ni Putu Gita Widi Saraswati; Emmy Sahara; Ayu Jyostisya Yotirani Arya Wijana
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.80131.82-93

Abstract

Pada penelitian ini, elektroda pasta karbon termodifikasi bentonit alam digunakan untuk analisis ion Pb(II) dengan teknik voltametri pelucutan anodik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kepekaan pengukuran ion Pb(II). Parameter yang dioptimasi yaitu konsentrasi bentonit dalam pasta karbon, waktu deposisi, potensial deposisi, serta laju pindai. Rentang konsentrasi linier, limit deteksi, limit kuantisasi, keberulangan, dan persentase perolehan kembali telah divalidasi. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu konsentrasi optimum bentonit dalam pasta karbon adalah 12%. Waktu deposisi optimum untuk elektroda pasta karbon (EPK) 120 detik, dan 90 detik menggunakan EPK termodifikasi bentonit alam (EPK-B), potensial deposisi optimum yaitu -0,43 V dengan EPK dan -0,23 V dengan EPK-B, serta laju pindai optimum yaitu 15 mV/s dengan EPK dan EPK-B. Hasil validasi pengukuran ion Pb(II) diperoleh konsentrasi linear pada rentang 10 – 1000 μg/L dengan EPK dan 5 – 500 μg/L dengan EPK-B. Limit deteksi dan limit kuantisasi masing-masing pengukuran yaitu 0,08 mg/L dan 0,25 mg/L menggunakan EPK, dan 0,19 mg/L dan 0,64 mg/L menggunakan EPK-B. Keberulangan pengukuran diperoleh nilai lebih kecil dari dua untuk kedua elektroda kerja. EPK-B pada kondisi optimum digunakan untuk menentukan konsentrasi ion Pb(II) dalam sampel air laut, diperoleh hasil 1,47 ± 0,31 mg/L.Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Natural Bentonite for Analysis of Pb(II) Ion in Seawater. This research used a modified bentonite carbon paste electrode for Pb(II) ion analysis using the anodic stripping voltammetry technique. This research aims to increase the sensitivity of Pb(II) ion measurement. Optimized parameters were the concentration of natural bentonite in carbon paste, deposition time, deposition potential, and scan rate. The range of linear concentration, detection limit, quantitation limit, repeatability, and recovery percentage were validated. The results were obtained the optimum concentration of natural bentonite in carbon paste at 12%. The optimum deposition time with carbon paste electrode (CPE) was 120 seconds and with natural bentonite-modified carbon paste electrode (CPE-B) was 90 seconds, the optimum deposition potential with CPE was -0.43 V, and with CPE-B was -0.23 V, the optimum scan rate for both working electrodes had the same value of 15 mV/s. Pb (II) ion measurements were obtained in the linear concentration range of 10 – 1000 μg/L using CPE and 5 – 500 μg/L using CPE-B. The detection and quantitation limits were found at 0.08 mg/L and 0.25 mg /L for CPE, and 0.19 mg /L and 0.64 mg /L using CPE-B, respectively. The repeated measurements for both CPE and CPE-B produced Horwitz ratio values were less than two. CPE-B at the optimum measurement conditions was used to measure the concentration of Pb (II) ion in seawater sample, found at 1.47 ± 0.31 mg/L.
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Myristica fragrans Leaves Houtt. Ariyanti Saputri; Sofa Fajriah; Antonius Herry Cahyana
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.93701.17-32

Abstract

Myristica fragrans is a widely distributed plant that grows well in Indonesia. This plant, also known as nutmeg, has been used in various fields such as food, aromatherapy, and other industries. Research on nutmeg plants has been widely conducted, but most of it discusses the seeds and mace of nutmeg. However, research on nutmeg leaves is still limited, with only a few studies to be discussed in this review article. This article provides an overview of the chemical compounds, bioactivity, and toxic effects of essential oils and nutmeg leaf extracts collected from the latest literatures (2014–2024). This article aims to draw more attention to nutmeg leaf research to be developed into natural-based medicinal products. Some compounds contained in nutmeg leaves include dihydrokaempferol, myristicin, 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13-tetradecamethylheptasiloxane, 2,2-dimethyl-1-decanol, bis(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate, and 9-dodecane-1-al, gamma-terpinene; caryophyllene and others. In addition, nutmeg leaf compounds also have various interesting bioactivities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, larvicidal, and good cytotoxic activity. Overall, nutmeg leaves show great potential as a raw material for medicine. The results of this study also show various types of secondary metabolites with interesting bioactivities that require further study.
Implementation of FTIR-Based Fingerprinting, Antioxidant Compounds Profiling by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS, and Docking Study COVID-19 Inhibitor of Buas-Buas (Premna serratifolia) Leaf Extract from Pontianak Indonesia Dini Hadiarti; Mahwar Qurbaniah; Ely Setiawan; Taufan Hari Sugara
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.92020.149-161

Abstract

This research aims to profile the active antioxidant compounds from leaf extracts of Buas-buas (Premna serratifolia) growing in Pontianak of West Kalimantan (Indonesia) through a metabolomics approach and their activity as anti-COVID-19 candidates by molecular docking. In this study, P. serratifolia leaves were macerated and fractionated using solvents with different polarities. The extracts were then tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, determined the total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and steroids (TSC), and analyzed antioxidant the functional groups and compounds by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultra High-Performance Chromatography UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. The functional groups on antioxidant activity were determined by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square (PLS) regression. Based on a metabolomics approach, the PCA and PLS analysis shows that hydroxyl was the most active antioxidant from P. serratifolia leaves. UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis showed the presence of scopoletin, esculetin, 7-hydroxycoumarine, matairesinol, hymecromone, and hexylresorcinol in the water fraction of P. serratifolia leaves. Molecular docking with 4YE6, 1OG5, and 3NRZ shows that matairesinol had the most potential as an antioxidant. Mataresinol and hexyresorcinol are phenolic compounds that have great potential as a COVID-19 inhibitor based on molecular docking with 5R81, 7CMD, and 6M2N.
Pengaruh Kadar Free Fatty Acid dalam Used Cooking Oil (UCO) dan Massa Katalis pada Proses Transesterifikasi terhadap Karakteristik dan Kelimpahan Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (UCOME) Nina Haryani; Elfrida Rasyidah Desvi Imanda; Andiga Asih Ambarwati Utami
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.84661.94-103

Abstract

Salah satu pemanfaatan kembali minyak jelantah atau Used Cooking Oil (UCO) adalah diolah menjadi biodiesel Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (UCOME). Free Fatty Acid (FFA) dalam UCO diolah melalui reaksi transesterifikasi menjadi metil ester. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh kadar FFA UCO dan massa katalis terhadap karakteristik dan yield UCOME yang dihasilkan. Variasi kadar FFA UCO yang digunakan yaitu 1,493%; 1,536%; 2,56%; dan 5,504%. Reaksi transesterifikasi dilakukan pada temperatur 60 – 65 ℃, pengadukan 350 rpm, serta rasio mol UCO dan metanol (1:6) dengan variasi massa katalis KOH yaitu 0,5%, 1,5%, dan 2,5% (b/b) UCO. Parameter uji karakteristik UCOME meliputi densitas, viskositas, API Gravity, dan Higher Heating Value (HHV). Analisis komponen kimia dilakukan menggunakan alat Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Yield tertinggi sebesar 96,59% diperoleh pada hasil transesterifikasi sampel dengan kadar FFA 1,493%. Massa katalis KOH yang optimal adalah 1,5% (b/b UCO). Hasil GC-MS produk dengan kadar FFA awal <5% didominasi oleh metil ester rantai C11-C19. Karakteristik seluruh produk dengan kadar FFA awal <5% memenuhi standar biodiesel menurut SNI.The Effect of Free Fatty Acid Content in Used Cooking Oil (UCO) and Catalyst Mass in Transesterification Process on Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (UCOME)’s Characteristics and Yield. One way to take advantage of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) is by recycling it into Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (UCOME) biodiesel. The free fatty acids (FFA) in UCO are processed through a transesterification reaction into methyl esters. This study aims to review the effects of FFA content in UCO and the catalyst mass used on the characteristics and yield of UCOME produced. The variations in FFA content in UCO are 1.493%, 1.536%, 2.56%, and 5.504%. The transesterification reaction was carried out at a condition of 60 – 65 ℃, with stirring at 350 rpm, and mole ratio between UCO and methanol (1:6) with variations in the amount of KOH catalyst at 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% w/w UCO. The UCOME characteristic test parameters include density, viscosity, API gravity, and Higher Heating Value (HHV). The highest yield of 96.59% was obtained from the transesterification of the sample with an FFA content of 1.493%. The optimal amount of KOH catalyst is 1.5% w/w UCO. The GC-MS results of products with initial FFA content <5% are dominated by C11-C19 methyl esters. The characteristics of all products with initial FFA content <5% fulfill the biodiesel standards according to SNI.
Pelapisan Phospolypid Lecithin pada Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) dari Tulang Ayam Terkonjugasi Silika Nanopartikel sebagai Penghantar Obat Vicky Ahava Ferdinansyah; Khoirun Nisa Ashar; Husna Habib Musthofa; Farikha Amalina Nurbaiti; Salma Aqilah Rachmadani; Fajar Rakhman Wibowo
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.80594.33-42

Abstract

Pengobatan kanker otak saat ini masih mengandalkan kemoterapi. Pada jaringan otak terdapat blood-brain barrier (BBB) yang menghambat pengiriman obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem penghantaran obat menggunakan Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) berbahan dasar tulang ayam terkonjugasi nanopartikel silika terkonjugasi (MSN) dan fosfolipid lesitin sebagai bahan yang potensial dalam mengobati kanker otak. Hasil CQDs yang disintesis secara hidrotermal menunjukkan pendaran cahaya biru di bawah sinar UV 365 nm dan puncak emisi pada 469 nm. MSN disintesis dan dikonjugasikan CQDs dengan metode solgel dan pemuatan doxorubicin (DOX) dengan adsorpsi obat. Pelapisan lipid pada DOX@MSN-CQDs dilakukan dengan teknik hidrasi lipid film dan ultrasonifikasi. Pelapisan lipid dan ukuran material pada MSN-CQDs dikonfirmasi menggunakan TEM dengan ukuran 93,77 ± 4,28 nm, FTIR, dan zeta potensial. Sintesis DOX@MSN-CQDs--L berhasil dilakukan diindikasikan dengan adanya perbedaan secara fisis dengan sifat lebih keruh dan warna yang lebih muda daripada MSN-CQDs. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pemuatan dan pelepasan doxorubicin berhasil dilakukan kapasitas pemuatan lebih dari 50% dan kumulatif pelepasan berkisar 73%. Material yang berhasil disintesis dalam penelitian ini berpotensi untuk diaplikasikan sebagai bahan teranostik dalam pengobatan kanker otak.The Coating of Phospolypid Lecithin on Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) Derived from Chicken Bone Conjugated with Silica Nanoparticle as Drug Delivery. Current brain cancer treatment still relies heavily on chemotherapy. However, the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in brain tissue hinders effective drug delivery. This study aims to develop a drug delivery system using carbon quantum dots (CQDs) prepared from chicken bone conjugated silica nanoparticles (MSN) and lecithin phospholipids as potential material for treating brain cancer. The CQDs synthesized via the hydrothermal method exhibited blue fluorescence under 365 nm UV light and an emission peak at 469 nm. MSN was synthesized and conjugated with CQDs using the sol-gel method, followed by doxorubicin (DOX) loading through drug adsorption. Lipid coating on DOX@MSN-CQDs was performed using the lipid film hydration technique and ultrasonication. The lipid coating and material size of MSN-CQDs were confirmed using TEM, with a size of 93.77 ± 4.28 nm, FTIR, and zeta potential measurements. The successful synthesis of DOX@MSN-CQDs-L was indicated by physical differences, such as a cloudier appearance and lighter color compared to MSN-CQDs. The results demonstrated successful DOX loading and release, with a loading capacity exceeding 50% and a cumulative release of approximately 73%. The materials successfully synthesized in this study have the potential to be applied as theranostic agents in brain cancer treatment.
Adsorben Berbasis Campuran Andisol/Zeolit/Karbon Aktif untuk Penjernihan Air Gambut Devi Asriani; Pranoto Pranoto; Edi Pramono; Ozi Adi Saputra
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.85539.138-148

Abstract

Andisol, karbon aktif, dan zeolit memiliki luas permukaan, porositas, dan kapasitas tukar ion yang efektif dalam menyerap kontaminan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pembuatan adsorben berbasis andisol/zeolite/active carbon dilanjutkan dan kinerja adsorpsi serta parameter kinetika adsorpsinya untuk penjernihan air gambut. Tanah andisol dan zeolit diaktivasi dengan larutan NaOH 3 M dan komposisi tanah andisol, zeolit, dan karbon aktif divariasikan dengan perbandingan berat 100:0:0; 0:100:0; 0:0:100; 50:25:25; 25:50:25; dan 25:25:50 (b/b). Data menunjukkan kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar dihasilkan oleh komposisi tanah andisol:zeolit:karbon aktif pada komposisi 25:50:25 yaitu 39,67 mg/g dengan persentase penghilangan sebesar 81,72%. Isoterm adsorpsi mengikuti isoterm Redlich-Peterson. Analisis kinetika menunjukkan bahwa adsorpsi mengikuti model kinetika pseudo orde dua dengan konstanta laju adsorpsi sebesar 0,32 g∙mg-1min-1 dan qe sebesar 5,38 mg/g. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut campuran tanah andisol/zeolite/karbon aktif berpotensi digunakan sebagai absorben dalam penjernihan air gambut.Andisol/Zeolite/Active Carbon-based Adsorbent for Peat Water Treatment. Andisol, Activated Carbon, and Zeolite have a high specific surface area, porosity, and ion exchange capacity, effectively absorbing water impurities. This study aims to study the andisol/zeolite/active carbon-based adsorbent preparation and its adsorption capacity for peat water treatment. Andisol soil and zeolite were activated with NaOH 3 M solution and the composition of Andisol Soil/Zeolite/Activated Carbon were varied of 100:0:0; 0:100:0; 0:0:100; 50:25:25; 25:50:25; and 25:25:50 (wt%). Data shows that the largest adsorption capacity obtained for Andisol/Zeolite/Activated Carbon composition of 25:50:25 (wt%) of 39.67 mg/g and 81.72% for removal percentage. The isotherm adsorption followed Redlich-Peterson isotherm. The kinetics analysis showed that the adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model with an adsorption rate constant of 0.32 g∙mg-1min-1 and qe of 5.38 mg/g. Based on these results, the mixture of andisol soil/zeolite/activated carbon has the potential to be used as an absorbent in peat water purification.
Preparasi Karbon Aktif Sekam Padi dan Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Jati melalui Proses Refluks sebagai Adsorben Larutan Multi Ion Fe(II)/Cu(II) Cucun Alep Riyanto; Yohanes Ariesto; Fidelis Tertius Aluh Christyawardana; Yehez Kiel Sandy Pradana; Nicho Vernanda Wina Puspita; Iga Permata Sari; Jose D Michael Yonggulemba; Marturia Ester Tumbelaka; Sarawinda Hutagalung; Fuady Hanief; Wawan Rustyawan
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.92401.104-120

Abstract

Sekam padi dan serbuk gergaji kayu jati merupakan bahan berlignoselulosa yang berpotensi sebagai bahan karbon aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh proses refluks terhadap karakter karbon aktif sekam padi (RHAC) dan serbuk gergaji kayu jati (TSAC) sebagai adsorben. Sekam padi dan serbuk gergaji kayu jati dikarbonisasi pada suhu 400 °C lalu direfluks menggunakan larutan NaOH 2 N pada suhu 100 °C. Karbon diimpregnasi dengan rasio karbon:H3PO4 1:3 (b/b). Karbon aktif RHAC/TSAC diaplikasikan menjerap multi ion Fe(II)/Cu(II) diikuti studi kinetika dan isoterm adsorpsinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karbon aktif RHAC dan TSAC memiliki gugus aktif O–H, C-H stretching, C≡C, C=C/C=O, C–H, dan P=O dengan dominasi unsur C (~53%) dan O (~48,1%). Karbon aktif TSAC 2321 hasil refluks memiliki luas permukaan terbesar mencapai 49,6795 m²/g. Kajian kinetika adsorpsi multi ion Fe(II)/Cu(II) dengan RHAC dan TSAC mengikuti pemodelan pseudo second order (PSO), sedangkan kajian isoterm adsorpsi multi ion Fe(II)/Cu(II) mengikuti beragam pemodelan seperti Redlich-Peterson, Elovich, dan Jovanovich. Kapasitas adsorpsi terbaik RHAC 232 pada ion Fe(II) dan RHAC 2321 pada ion Cu(II) berturut-turut sebesar 0,3426 mg/g dan 0,4134 mg/g. Karbon aktif TSAC 232 dan 2321 cenderung menjerap ion Cu(II) dengan kapasitas adsorpsi masing-masing sebesar 0,4609 mg/g dan 0,5556 mg/g.Preparation of Activated Carbon from Rice Husk and Teak Sawdust using Reflux Process as Adsorbent for Multi Ion Fe(II)/Cu(II) Solutions. Rice husks and teak wood sawdust are lignocellulosic materials with potential as activated carbon sources. This study aims to determine the effect of the reflux process on the characteristics of RHAC and TSAC as an adsorbent. The rice husk and teak sawdust were carbonized at 400 °C and refluxed using 2 N NaOH solution at 100 °C. The carbon was impregnated using 30% H3PO4 with a carbon: H3PO4 ratio 1:3 (w/w). The RHAC/TSAC was applied to adsorb multi-ions Fe(II)/Cu(II), and its adsorption kinetics and isotherms studies were studied. The results showed that the RHAC and TSAC had O-H, C–H stretching, C≡C, C=C/C=O, C-H, and P=O functional groups with the dominance of C (~53%wt) and O (~48.1%wt) elements. The refluxed TSAC 2321 has the largest surface area of 49.6795 m²/g. The adsorption kinetics study of the Fe(II)/Cu(II) multi-ion using RHAC and TSAC follows the pseudo-second-order (PSO) modeling, while the adsorption isotherm study of the Fe(II)/Cu(II) multi-ion using RHAC and TSAC follows various models such as Redlich-Peterson, Elovich, and Jovanovich. The best adsorption capacity of RHAC 232 on Fe(II) ions and RHAC 2321 on Cu(II) ions is 0.3426 mg/g and 0.4134 mg/g, respectively. The TSAC 232 and 2321 tend to adsorb Fe(II) and Cu(II) ions with an adsorption capacity reaching 0.4609 mg/g and 0.5556 mg/g, respectively.

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