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INDONESIA
Tawarikh : Journal of Historical Studies
Published by Minda Masagi Press
ISSN : 20850980     EISSN : 26852284     DOI : -
This journal, with ISSN 2085-0980, was firstly published on October 28, 2009, in the context to commemorate the Youth Pledge Day in Indonesia. The TAWARIKH journal has been organized by the Lecturers of Faculty of Adab and Humanities UIN SGD (State Islamic University, Sunan Gunung Djati) in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, since issue of April 2016 to date; and published by Minda Masagi Press, a publishing house owned by ASPENSI (the Association of Indonesian Scholars of History Education) in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The TAWARIKH journal is published every April and October. The TAWARIKH journal is devoted, but not limited to, history education, historical studies, and any new development and advancement in the field of history education and historical studies. The scope of our journal includes: (1) History Education and National Character Building; (2) Political, Social, Cultural and Educational History; (3) Education, History, and Social Awareness; (4) Economic History and Welfare State; (5) Science, Technology and Society in Historical Perspectives; (6) Religion and Philosophy in Historical Perspectives; and (7) Visual Arts, Dance, Music, and Design in Historical Perspectives.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 137 Documents
Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria: A Need for True Federalism Wani, Hilal Ahmad; Suwirta, Andi
TAWARIKH Vol 5, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: Nigeria is one of the major democracies in African continent. It is a multi-cultural and multi-ethnic society. There are different identities and segments in this society. To call it a diversified society would not be wrong, a society with different religions, cultures, and languages. Ethnicity is generally regarded as the most basic and politically salient identity in Nigeria. This paper is a new attempt to relook the significance and relevance of true federalism in Nigeria. To examine how far the State machinery and political institutions had been successful in accommodating different interests of various identities. Major democracies are based on the rule of law and protection of human rights that should be taken into consideration at the first level. Only true federalism and decentralization is a way forward to create balance and accommodation among different identities in Nigerian society. Nigeria needs good institution which could be successful in maintaining good governance. Therefore, dysfunctional political system reform and restructuring for maintaining social justice with all without any discrimination. A true federalism and true democracy can be used as a real panacea of ethnic conflict. In summation, it can be said that shaping and sharing of powers could be also better option for creating a peaceful and prosperous in Nigeria.KEY WORDS: Ethnic conflict, federalism, true democracy, decentralization, national integration, and peaceful and prosperous in Nigeria.  About the Authors: Dr. Hilal Ahmad Wani is a Research Fellow at the Centre for Civilizational Dialogue UM (University of Malaya), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and Andi Suwirta, M.Hum. is a Senior Lecturer at the Faculty of Social Studies Education UPI (Indonesia University of Education) in Bandung, Indonesia. The authors can be contacted via their a-mail at: wanihilal@gmail.com and atriwusidna@gmail.comHow to cite this article? Wani, Hilal Ahmad & Andi Suwirta. (2013). “Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria: A Need for True Federalism” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.5(1) October, pp.57-70. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia] and UVRI [Universitas Veteran Republik Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980.Chronicle of the article: Accepted (August 17, 2013); Revised (September 20, 2013); and Published (October 28, 2013).  
Restoring Trusts without Losing Face: An Episode in the History of China – Indonesia Relationship Muas, Tuty Enoch
TAWARIKH Vol 6, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: The main factor of the frozen China – Indonesia diplomatic relationship was the loss of trusts of Indonesia toward China in connection with the G-30-S (Gerakan 30 September or 30th September Movement) in 1965. Interestingly, in this frozen diplomatic relationship era, there was a direct trade agreement between CCPIT (China Council for Promotion on International Trade) and KADIN (Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia or Indonesia Chamber of Commerce and Industry). This fact leads to the question: is there and what are the real efforts of China to restore the trust from Indonesia? This research used the history research method and enhanced by the “Mianzi” concept. The result of this research shows that since PRC (People Republic of China) stipulate revolutionary diplomatic line, which makes China closer to the USA (United States of America), its relationship with the neighboring countries, especially those tied in the ASEAN (Association of South East Asia Nations) organization, is getting better. This improvement can be seen as a way to gain the trust from Indonesia again. It is also clearly seen that China uses the third party and makes the advantages of the opportunities given by the internal and external development to create a good image to Indonesia. All these steps have led the respect factors in the “Mianzi” concepts has showed very meaningful influences within the process. Although the CCPIT – KADIN agreement is not the mostly expected result, but it is the important moment for the growing trust of these two countries and the effort to normalize the China – Indonesia diplomatic relationship.   KEY WORDS: China-Indonesia relationship, trust, respect factors, “Mianzi” concept, third party, effort to normalize, and diplomatic relationship.   About the Author: Dr. Tuty Enoch Muas is a Senior Lecturer at the Chinese Studies Program, Faculty of Humanities UI (University of Indonesia), UI Campus Depok, West Java, Indonesia. For academic interests, the author can be contacted via e-mail at: mutu1722@yahoo.comHow to cite this article? Muas, Tuty Enoch. (2015). “Restoring Trusts without Losing Face: An Episode in the History of China – Indonesia Relationship” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.6(2) April, pp.223-236. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UNHAS Makassar, ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (January 29, 2014); Revised (July 29, 2014); and Published (April 28, 2015).
Understanding the Nusantara Thought and Local Wisdom as an Aspect of the Indonesian Education Meliono, Irmayanti
TAWARIKH Vol 2, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: This paper discusses of the Nusantara thought, local wisdom, and the Indonesian education. The complex, dynamic, and eclectic nature of the Indonesian cultures are based on the ethnics that have settled in Indonesia for some centuries and the foreign cultures of India, Arab, Dutch, China and others. The synthesis of these mixed cultures has caused the people of Nusantara then, now Indonesia, have a certain perception on a reality of life. It reflects the awareness of the people of Nusantara of their world-view and thoughts about values, symbols, and local wisdom. Therefore, the Nusantara thought, local wisdom, and multiculturalism are appropriate teaching material for the education of the Indonesian youth as they edify some values such as nationalism, harmony, and moral to build an identity. Finally, it is to institute an educational program in all levels such as teaching a cultural overview and a correct teaching method to present a teaching material using the Nusantara thought, local wisdom, and multiculturalism. This is a critical step to take as globalization has been fast in the field of education, science, and technology. KEY WORDS: Culture of Indonesia, the Nusantara thought, local wisdom, multiculturalism, and education of the young generation. About the Author: Dr. Irmayanti Meliono is a Lecturer at the Departement of Area Studies, Faculty of Humanities UI (University of Indonesia), UI Campus, Depok 16424, West Java, Indonesia. She can be reached at: irmayanti_m@yahoo.comHow to cite this article? Meliono, Irmayanti. (2011). “Understanding the Nusantara Thought and Local Wisdom as an Aspect of the Indonesian Education” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.2(2) April, pp.221-234. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (February 2, 2011); Revised (March 5, 2011); and Published (April 28, 2011).
Keroncong Music Reflects the Identity of Indonesia Alfian, Magdalia
TAWARIKH Vol 4, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: During the course of its history, “keroncong” which is an Indonesian music was popular during the 1970s and 1980s. However, in its development, “keroncong” music has changed and it gradually reflected the personality of Indonesia. But, the development of information technology in 1990s has an impact on the “keroncong” music and since it has made the “keroncong” less popular. There are some preservations towards the “keroncong” music. One of them is the effort from the young generation in performing “keroncong” music, which is by incorporating elements from other musical genres such as “Rock”, “Jazz”, and “Dangdut” (Malay orchestra music), so new terms of “Cong-Rock”, “Cong-Jezz”, and “Cong-Dut” began to appear. Finally, “keroncong” music, which is much older than the Republic of Indonesia (1945), has actually contributed to and an active role in the struggle for Indonesian independence and has also been translated into various international languages. “Keroncong” music has grown and evolved, showing the identity and personality of the Indonesian nation. That way, it is not an exaggeration if “keroncong” is proposed as a World Heritage.KEY WORDS: “Keroncong” music, popular art, development and preservation, and  Indonesian personality.About the Author: Dr. Magdalia Alfian is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of History, Faculty of Humanities UI (University of Indonesia), UI Campus, Depok, West Java, Indonesia. She can be contacted via her e-mail address at: magdalia_alf10@yahoo.comHow to cite this article? Alfian, Magdalia. (2013). “Keroncong Music Reflects the Identity of Indonesia” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.4(2) April, pp.171-186. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia] and UVRI [Universitas Veteran Republik Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (February 22, 2013); Revised (March 25, 2013); and Published (April 28, 2013).
Understanding the Motif Meaning of Dermayon Batik as Women’s Expression Prawira, Nanang Ganda
TAWARIKH Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: Indonesian traditional culture has many kind of forms and types of craft. The culture proves the existence of the same creative expression with the newness. The craftsmen of batik consist of workers, both men and women in a group or family. This article describes the creativity developed by Paoman villager in Indramayu Regency, West Java, Indonesia, to the “Dermayon Batik” (batik style of Indramayu). In this case, women are more dominant in processing to create the batik, especially the technique to make handmade batik (traditional). Hence, what is called with the “Dermayon Batik” is identical to the women’s work, it is because their visualization has become identity of the feminity. Motif of Indramayu’s Batik, which coastal character in generally, not only describes nature, social, and culture of fisherman, but also reflects the mood of the women. Women are clearly express their mood in spots, lines, shapes, and aesthetic structurals in motif of “Dermayon Batik”. The aesthetic expression, which dynamic and meaningfull culture, is a reflection of the women related to the genre of the motif. In expressing this “Dermayon Batik”, it is used cultural studies, aesthetic, and semiotic-interpretative approach. However, a manifestation of the women’s creativity in “Dermayon Batik” since a long time until now. Inheritance of “Dermayon Batik” in a family is traditional educational values, which now begin to threatened its survival. Finally, in the planning and implementation of art education, as creative education, is appropriate based on an understanding of cultural traditions (local) growing in the community.KEY WORDS: Cultural study, femininity, expression, aesthetic, semiotic, “Dermayon Batik”, women’s work, coastal character, and art education.About the Author: Dr. Nanang Ganda Prawira is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Fine Arts Education, Faculty of Language and Art Education UPI (Indonesia University of Education), Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi No.229 Bandung 40154, West Java, Indonesia. For academic interests, the author can be contacted via e-mail at: nanangganda@yahoo.comHow to cite this article? Prawira, Nanang Ganda. (2014). “Understanding the Motif Meaning of Dermayon Batik as Women’s Expression” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.6(1) October, pp.105-120. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UNHAS Makassar, ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (August 16, 2013); Revised (April 10, 2014); and Published (October 28, 2014).
Reflection on Values of National Movement History as a Basis for Character Education Wahyono, Effendi
TAWARIKH Vol 7, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT: Nation and character building are two important aspects that proclaimed by the founding fathers of Indonesia in establishing the nation-state of Indonesia. Nation building, manifested by the successors in national economic development, can be said to be successful. National development focused on economic development led to the neglect of other sectors of development, namely the development of a national character. The waiver of character development has led to the disorientation of the values of Indonesian struggle, which is manifested in the precepts of “Pancasila” (five basic principles of the Republic of Indonesia). Disorientation against the values of “Pancasila” can be seen from the strengthening of hedonism, decreasing sting nationality and nationalism, the lack spirit of tolerance towards the differences in ideology, and the declining spirit of mutual cooperation. For that reasons, character education should be given back to the Indonesian people through both formal and informal education. Spirit, character, and values of the struggle must always be actualized in the present generation to be able to face the challenges of the time. Development is not only able to provide welfare of Indonesian people economically (physically), but also can produce Indonesian human in faith and fear of God Almighty, noble, healthy, knowledgeable, skilled, creative, independent, and become democratic and responsible citizens. Therefore, the values and fighting spirit of the founding fathers of Indonesia can be used in the reflections in developing the basics of character education.KEY WORDS: History of modern Indonesia, national movement, founding fathers of Indonesia, noble values, and character education.About the Author: Dr. Effendi Wahyono is a Senior Lecturer at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences UT (Universitas Terbuka or Indonesia Open University), Jalan Cabe Raya, Pondok Cabe, Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan 15418, Banten, Indonesia. For academic interests, the author can be contacted via e-mail at: effendi@ut.ac.idHow to cite this article? Wahyono, Effendi. (2016). “Reflection on Values of National Movement History as a Basis for Character Education” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.7(2) April, pp.225-238. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UIN SGD Bandung, ISSN 2085-0980.Chronicle of the article: Accepted (March 30, 2016); Revised (April 15, 2016); and Published (April 28, 2016).
Land Acquisitions in Africa: A Return to Franz Fanon? Stephan, Harry; Lobban, Ryan; Benjamin, Jessica
TAWARIKH Vol 2, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT: In order to understand the predicament facing Africa today, one has to return to a previous era when Africa faced its fight against colonalization. One hundred and twenty-five years after the Berlin Conference, a vast majority of African states remain in a position of social and political stagnation. Decolonization, which was supposedly based on the positive-sum incorporation of the newly-independent states into the international political arena, led to the dissolution of the rhetoric of “civilizing the barbaric masses”; and a new global endeavor emerged to “develop” the post-colonial state via its access to the absolute gains of the global political economy. For the majority of populaces of the Third World, however, the promises of social security, economic advancement, equal terms of trade, and the abandonment of force and racism did not shadow the decolonization process. In this context, Franz Fanon said that there is nothing save a minimum of re-adaptation, a few reforms at the top, a flag waving, and down at the bottom an undivided mass still living in the middle ages, endlessly marking time. KEY WORDS: Africa today, decolonization, socio-economic and political development, and thesis of Franz Fanon.===About the Authors: Dr. Harry Stephan, Dr. Ryan Lobban, and Dr. Jessica Benjamin are the Lecturers at the University of Cape Town, Republic of South Africa. One of them can be reached at: hstephan@iafrica.comHow to cite this article? Stephan, Harry, Ryan Lobban & Jessica Benjamin. (2010). “Land Acquisitions in Africa: A Return to Franz Fanon?” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.2(1) October, pp.75-92. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (August 20, 2010); Revised (September 25, 2010); and Published (October 28, 2010).
Knitting Togetherness among the Allied Malay: Aceh – Minangkabau – the Malay Peninsula Madjid, M Dien
TAWARIKH Vol 4, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: In the 15th – 16th centuries AD (Anno Domini), the trade map of the Malay peninsula is so inclusive; the Malacca strait was preoccupation with the activities of foreign trade fleet from Europe, the Middle East, India, and some other centers of world civilization. Referring to the constellation of Malay world trade, which was increasingly exotic, the Malay civilization and culture became higher. The Malay language became the lingua franca used in the commerce world of Malay at the time. This paper tries to elaborate the growth of Malay civilization that could not be separated from the shaft of Aceh – Minangkabau – Malay Peninsula. Aceh played the role of elites who held political supremacy of the Malay world, while Minang and the Malay Peninsula — in this case held by the related palace elites — held a position as the locus of proliferator in the aspects of sociological, anthropological, and the Malay culture became a major cultural identity in Southeast Asia for centuries to the present. KEY WORDS: Allied Malay, Aceh, Minangkabau, Malay peninsula, interaction of the Malay, national awareness, and Malay ideology.About the Author: Prof. Dr. M. Dien Madjid is a Professor of History at the Faculty of Adab and Humanities UIN (State Islamic University) Syarif Hidayatullah in Jakarta, Indonesia. He can be reached at: dr.dienmadjid@yahoo.com How to cite this article? Madjid, M. Dien. (2012). “Knitting Togetherness among the Allied Malay: Aceh – Minangkabau – the Malay Peninsula” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.4(1) October, pp.1-20. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia] and UVRI [Universitas Veteran Republik Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (August 25, 2012); Revised (September 28, 2012); and Published (October 28, 2012).
Determination of Teaching Aids and Methods to Inculcate Thinking Skills in History Subjects Ahmad, Abdul Razaq
TAWARIKH Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT: This study was aimed to examine how teachers manipulate teaching methods and materials to develop historical thinking process, to make the lesson meaningful for the students, and to increase their awareness of the events studied. This is a survey by using questionnaire as the research instrument to identify knowledge and the implementation of thinking approach for the history lesson through the use of certain methods and teaching aids. The sample consisted of 56 randomly selected teachers from secondary schools in the Kinta Valley, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia, involving 39 history option teachers (69.6%) and 17 non-option teachers (30.4%). For the aspect of teaching experience, 27 (48.2%) teachers had 1 to 9 years of experience, while 29 (51.8%) teachers have taught more than 10 years. Teachers have  knowledge on the elements of historical thinking and commitment to inculcate the thinking elements through questioning methods and techniques, discussion, inquiry, and systematic exploration of the historical information to find cause and effect, chronology of events, and rationalization. Pictures or portraits were also analyzed and interpreted by the history teachers. Findings show that option teachers have better thinking skills and better applications than non-option teachers. In addition, option teachers also have a better and  more systematic teaching plan through the use of  greater teaching methods and aids.  KEY WORDS: Value and history lesson, historical thinking, teachers of secondary school, methods and teaching aids, and systematic teaching.About the Author: Assoc. Prof. Dato Dr. Haji Abdul Razaq Ahmad is a Lecturer at the Faculty of Education UKM (National University of Malaysia), Campus of UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. For academic interests, he can be contacted via his e-mail at: razaq@ukm.edu.myHow to cite this article? Ahmad, Abdul Razaq. (2014). “Determination of Teaching Aids and Methods to Inculcate Thinking Skills in History Subjects” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.6(1) October, pp.1-12. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UNHAS Makassar, ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (August 28, 2014); Revised (September 27, 2014); and Published (October 28, 2014).
Leadership Values in the Life of Traditional and Modern Society: An Historical Study Wahyudin, Yusuf
TAWARIKH Vol 7, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT: Leadership values are values associated with the actions conducted by a leader. In terms of leadership behavior, there are “essential values” or values of faith, kindness, intelligence, proficiency, and so on, in which a leader must naturally have. In addition to the “essential values” sourced from religious teaching, there are also essential values sourced from local wisdom. However, leadership values have undergone transformations with time. It is inseparable from the growth of the advanced civilization that causes the leadership values rooted from religious teaching and local wisdom to shift to leadership values rooted from worldly teaching. In other words, all of the leadership values rooted from religious teaching and local wisdom will eventually erode and shift to processed value. This scientific article analyzes leadership phenomenon occurring in the life of a society. In general, society leadership values have shifted with time. It is inseparable from the growth of the advanced and developing civilization, of which the results affect all aspects of life, including leadership. The article describes several models of leadership values prevailing in traditional, modern, and post-modern society, which in fact has dynamically moved. In order to understand it, descriptive study with library research method is used. Meanwhile, the study aims to reveal the changes in leadership models existing in traditional, modern, and post-modern society to allow the result of this study to be used as a learning tool for public.KEY WORDS: Leadership values, essential values, religious teaching, local wisdom, traditional, modern, and post-modern societies, and learning tool for public.About the Author: Yusuf Wahyudin, M.M.Pd. is an Educator and a Principal at the SDN (Sekolah Dasar Negeri or Public Elementary School) Banjarsari, Jalan Merdeka No.22 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. For academic interests, the author is able to be contacted via e-mail at: tsaryusuf@gmail.comHow to cite this article? Wahyudin, Yusuf. (2015). “Leadership Values in the Life of Traditional and Modern Society: An Historical Study” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.7(1) October, pp.121-130. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press, ISSN 2085-0980.Chronicle of the article: Accepted (May 7, 2015); Revised (August 17, 2015); and Published (October 28, 2015).