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Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 20 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April" : 20 Documents clear
KEBERADAAN HEWAN PENGOTOR TERITIP DI INFRASTRUKTUR TELUK KUNYIT, PANTAI SARIRINGGUNG DAN PANTAI MUTUN, LAMPUNG Hendry Wijayanti; Dhani Gathot Herbowo; Andy Darmawan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (463.878 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1540

Abstract

Abstrak: Teritip merupakan salah satu hewan pengotor yang umum hidup menempel pada infrastruktur buatan manusia yang teredam di dalam perairan laut. Fenomena penempelan teritip mengakibatkan kerusakan struktur bangunan pada infrastruktur di perairan laut. Tujuan penelitian ini menginventarisasi  keberadaan jenis teritip yang menempel pada infrastruktur yang ada di area pantai yang berada di Teluk kunyit, Pantai Sariringgung dan Pantai Mutun sebagai langkah awal dalam pengendalian hewan pengotor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei selama bulan April and November 2018. Pada kedua Pantai Sariringgung dan Pantai Mutun ditemukan dua spesies teritip, Amphibalanus amphitrite dan Microeuraphia withersii. Namun, jenis teritip yang ditemukan di Teluk Kunyit hanya satu spesies Cthtamalus malayensis..Kata kunci: introduksi, biofouling, zona intertidal, Teluk Lampung.Abstract: Barnacle is the most common biofouling in the manmade  submerged structures. Barnacles are a serious problem which leading the detriment of coastal structures. The aim of the study was to  investigate the dataset of barnacale communities in Lampung shores, in order to monitor developing of biofouling. Three  coastal areas of Teluk Kunyit, Sariringgung and Mutun were investigated between April and November 2018. It was found that two species, Amphibalanus amphitrite and Microeuraphia withersii, are found in both costal areas. In contrast, only colonial species of Cthtamalus malayensis has been found abundance in Teluk kunyit area.Keywords: introduction, biofouling, intertidal zone, Lampung Bay
POTENSI KENIKIR (COSMOS CAUDATUS) SEBAGAI LARVASIDA NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI INSTAR IV November Rianto Aminu; Alfon Pali; Sri Hartini
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (534.381 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1489

Abstract

Abstrak: Resistensi temephos (abate) sebagai larvasida telah terjadi di Jawa Tengah sejak tahun 2007 dan ditahun 2017 Jawa Tengah tercatat sebagai provinsi dengan jumlah kasus DBD terbanyak ketiga secara nasional. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan ekstrak daun kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) sebagai larvasida pengganti temephos. Proses penelitian dimulai dengan ekstraksi fraksinasi, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan screening fitokimia dan uji larvasida menggunakan metode yang direkomendasikan oleh WHOPES dengan mengamati mortalitas larva nyamuk A. aegypti pada jam ke 24, 48 dan 72 pada berbagai konsentrasi larutan uji (600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, dan 1800 ppm). Data mortalitas larva dianalisis dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) subsampling. Perbandingan antar perlakuan diuji dengan uji Beda nyata Jujur (BNJ) dengan tingkat kebermaknaan 5%. Analisa probit pada data mortalitas menghasilkan nilai dosis efektif LC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukan diantara ketiga fraksi, ekstrak kenikir fraksi heksan memiliki efek larvasida terbaik (mortalitas 71,67%) dengan LC50 sebesar 1762 ppm pada waktu paparan 72 jam. Golongan senyawa kimia yang menyebabkan efek larvasida ini adalah alkaloid, terpenoid, dan flavonoid. Walaupun ekstrak fraksi heksan tanaman ini memiliki efek larvasida, potensi pengembangan tanaman ini sebagai pengganti temepos kecil dikarenakan nilai LC50 yang tinggi pada waktu paparan yang lama.Kata kunci: Larvasida; temephos; resistensi; Cosmos caudatus; potensiAbstract: Temephos resistance as larvicide has occurred in Central Java since 2007 and in 2017 Central Java was recorded as the 3rd highest dengue cases in Indonesia. Hence, this study attempts to use extract of Cosmos caudatus as temephos substitute. The study start with fraction extraction of dried C. caudatus leaf followed by phytochemical screening of the extract and larvicide assay was carried out using method recommended by WHOPES by observing the mortality of A. aegypti larvae at 24, 48, and 72 hours on various extract concentration (600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, and 1800 ppm). The mortality data was analyzed using Randomized Block Design (RBD) subsampling (P<0,05). Probit analysis on mortality data result in the LC50. The result showed the most effective fraction is hexane fraction (mortality 71,67%) with LC50 ­1762 ppm at 72 hours exposure time. The active compound in the hexane fraction were alkaloid, terpenoids, and flavonoids. Even though the hexane fraction extract has the most larvicidal effect, this extract has low potential to developed as replacement to temephos because the LC50 was high and longtime exposure  Keywords: Larvicide; temephos; resistance; Cosmos caudatus; potential
BIOLOGI REPRODKSI IKAN KEMBUNG (RASTRELLIGER BRACHYSOMA BLEEKER, 1851) DI TELUK STARING, SULAWESI TENGGARA Sudarno Sudarno; La Anadi La Anadi; Asriyana Asriyana
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (483.832 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1676

Abstract

Abstrak: Biologi reproduksi suatu organisme merupakan salah satu informasi penting dalam upaya pengelolaan sumberdaya perairan. Penelitian biologi reproduksi ikan kembung (Rastrelliger brachysoma) di Teluk Staring, Sulawesi Tenggara dilakukan dari bulan Maret sampai Juli 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biologi reproduksi ikan kembung yang meliputi tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG), indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad. Koleksi ikan menggunakan alat tangkap jaring insang permukaan bermata jaring 2 dan 2 ¼ inci. Kematangan gonad ikan diamati berdasarkan morfologi gonad yaitu bentuk, warna, dan bobot gonad. Sebanyak 215 individu ikan kembung tertangkap dengan kisaran panjang 206-297 mm dan bobot 110,0-366,0 g. IKG ikan jantan dan betina tertinggi ditemukan saat bulan Maret (1,80 dan 2,22) dan Mei (1,77 dan 1,91). Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad ikan jantan dan betina terjadi saat berukuran panjang 247 mm dan 239 mm. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa puncak pemijahan ikan kembung (R. brachysoma) di perairan Teluk Staring terjadi saat bulan Maret dan Mei.Kata kunci: Reproduksi, kembung, musim pemijahan, Teluk Staring, Sulawesi TenggaraAbstract: Reproduction biology of organism is one of information for aquatic resources management. Research on the biology of short mackerel reproduction (Rastrelliger brachysoma) in Gulf of Staring, Southeast Sulawesi was conducted from March to July 2018. The objective of this research was to describe aspects of the reproductive biology of short mackerel such as gonadal maturation, gonadosomatic index, and length at first maturity (Lm50). Fish collection was done using gillnets (with mesh sizes of 2 and 2¼ inches). The gonadal maturation of fish was determined morphologically by comparing the shape, size, color, and gonad weight. A total of 215 individual fish were caught with ranging 206-297 mm in length and 110.0-366.0 g in weight. The gonadosomatic index of male and female were found in March (1.80 and 2.22) and May (1.77 and 1.91), while length at first maturity (Lm50) of male and female were 239 mm and 247 mm, respectively. This research indicates that the peak of short mackerel spawning in Gulf of Staring waters occurred during March and May.Keywords: Reproduction; short mackerel; spawning season; Gulf of Staring, Southeast Sulawesi
KOMPARASI KELIMPAHAN SERANGGA DI KAWASAN RAWA YANG DIKONVERSI DI JALAN SOEKARNO HATTA PALEMBANG Novin Teristiandi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (702.564 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1557

Abstract

Abstrak: Kegiatan alih fungsi lahan basah banyak terjadi di kecamatan Ilir barat I sekitar jalan soekarno hatta Palembang. Aktivitas alih fungsi lahan ini dapat menghilangkan dan merusak habitat bagi biodiversitas khususnya serangga di area tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan serangga yang ada di kawasan jalan Soekarno Hatta Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, yaitu penyelidikan yang dilakukan untuk memperoleh sata dari kondisi yang ada dan mencari keterangan secara faktual dari suatu daerah. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan 109 spesies, 56 famili dan 10 ordo. Berdasarkan jumlah spesies dari masing-masing lokasi/stasiun survei menunjukan bahwa di ST 1 (rawa alami) ditemukan 77 spesies, ST 2 (rawa yang telah ditimbun) ditemukan 53 spesies, ST 3 (rawa yang telah dijadikan pemukiman) ditemukan 50 spesies, dan ST 4 (rawa yang telah dibangun perukoan) ditemukan 57 spesies serangga. Rawa alami memiliki keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan serangga tertinggi, sedangkan lahan rawa yang telah di konversi menjadi pemukiman memiliki keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan terendah. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa alih fungsi lahan rawa mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan serangga di kawasan jalan Soekarno Hatta Palembang.Kata kunci: keanekaragaman, kelimpahan, serangga, sumatera, rawaAbstract: Wetland conversion activities occur mostly in Ilir Barat I sub-district around the Soekarno Hatta Road in Palembang. This land conversion activity can eliminate and destroy habitat for biodiversity, especially insects in the area. This research was conducted to study the diversity and abundance of insects in the Soekarno Hatta Palembang road area. The research method used in this study is a survey method, which is an investigation carried out to obtain data from the area. The results of this study found 109 species, 56 families and 10 orders. Based on the number of species from each survey location / station, it was found that in ST 1 (natural swamp) was found 77 species, ST 2 (stockpiled swamp) was found 53 species, ST 3 (swamp which had been made a settlement) was found 50 species, and ST 4 (swamps that have been built by shop houses) was found 57 species. ST1 have the highest diversity and abundance of insects, while ST3 have the lowest diversity and abundance. The results of the study prove that the conversion of swamp land has an effect on diversity and abundance of insects in Soekarno Hatta road, Palembang.Keywords:  diversity, abundance, insects, Sumatera, swamps
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI KOMPONEN KIMIA MINYAK ASIRI DAGING BUAH DAN FULI BERDASARKAN UMUR BUAH PALA (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS HOUTT) Angreni B. Liunokas; Ferry F. Karwur
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (571.907 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1651

Abstract

Abstrak: Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) sebagai bioreaktor hayati menghasilkan produk utama minyak asiri bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang tersebar pada bagian-bagian buahnya. Minyak asiri pala tersusun oleh kelompok besar terpenoid dan fenilpropanoid yang memiliki konsentrasi terkecil namun sebagai indikator mutu minyak pala. Penelitian tentang isolasi dan identifikasi komponen kimia minyak asiri daging buah dan fuli pala, telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium CARC UKSW Salatiga dan Laboratorium Terpadu UII Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen kimia minyak asiri daging buah dan fuli pala berdasarkan tahapan perkembangan buah dan isolasi miristisin sebagai indikator dari kualitas minyak pala. Minyak asiri diperoleh dengan metode ekstraksi kemudian di analisis komponennya menggunakan Kromatografi Gas Spektrometri Massa (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komponen kimia terbesar dari minyak asiri daging buah pala secara berturut-turut yaitu tahap pertama miristisin 36.05% pada retensi 11.57 menit, tahap kedua dan keempat α-pinen 39.16%; 34.64% retensi 3.53 menit, tahap ketiga sabinen 33.88% pada retensi 3.99 menit. Sedangkan pada minyak fuli tahap pertama hingga keempat yaitu sabinen 38.72%; 37.51%; 36.24%; 28.93% pada waktu retensi 3.99. Berdasarkan analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa komponen senyawa yang dominan pada daging buah dan fuli yaitu miristisin, sabinen, α-pinen, β-pinen yang berkontribusi bagi aroma khas pada pala. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber informasi penting dalam menghasilkan minyak asiri dengan kualitas baik dengan kandungan miristisin terbanyak.Kata Kunci : M. fragrans Houtt; isolasi; daging buah, fuli, minyak asiriAbstract: Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) as a natural bioreactor produces the main product that is aetheric oil with a high economic value which is scattered on the parts of the fruit. Aetheric oil consists of a big group of terpenoid and phenylpropanoid which has the smallest concentration but functions as the indicator of nutmeg oil quality. The research about isolation and identification of chemical components of aetheric oil of pulp and mace has been conducted in CARC Laboratory of UKSW Salatiga and Integrated Laboratory of UII Yogyakarta. This current research aims at knowing the components of aetheric oil of nutmeg pulp and mace based on the development stages of the fruit and myristicin isolation as the indicator of the quality of nutmeg oil. Aetheric oil is formed by the extraction method. Then the components are analyzed by using Mass Spectrometry Gass Chromatography (GC-MS). The result of the research shows that respectively the biggest chemical component of aetheric oil consists of the first stage myristicin 36.05% on retention 11.57 minutes, second stage and fourth stage α-pinene 39.16%; 34.64% on retention 3.53 minutes, the third stage sabinene 33.88% on retention 3.99 minutes. Meanwhile on the mace oil, the first to the fourth stage is sabinene 38.72%; 37.51%; 36.24%; 28.93% on retention 3.99. Based on the analysis of GC-MS, it is shown that the most dominant compound components of pulp and mace are myristicin, sabinene, α-pinene, and β-pinene which contribute to the typical scent of nutmeg. The result of the research is expected to be used as an important information source in resulting in aetheric oil with good quality with the most myristicin content.Keywords: Myristica fragrans Houtt; isolation; pulp, mace, aetheric oil
EFEK KERAGAMAN TIPE HABITAT TERHADAP STRUKTUR POPULASI DAN MORFOMETRIK ABALON HALIOTIS ASININA LINNAEUS, 1758 Ermayanti Ishak; Isdradjad Setyobudiandi; Fredinan Yulianda; Mennofatria Boer; Bahtiar Bahtiar
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (432.047 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1484

Abstract

Abstrak:  Abalon (H.asinina) adalah kelompok gastropoda laut bernilai komersial dan tersebar di perairan Soropia Sulawesi Tenggara.  H. asinina menyukai tipe habitat khusus, seperti habitat berbatu yang ditumbuhi alga dan habitat padang lamun. Bokori dan Toronipa mewakili 2 tipe habitat khusus tersebut yang lokasinya berada di perairan Soropia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan populasi abalon (H. asinina) pada habitat yang berbeda melalui hubungan dimensi morfometrik, faktor kondisi, dan komposisi kelompok ukuran. Data pertumbuhan dianalisis dengan persamaan regresi non linier menggunakan program data analisis dalam MS. Excel 2010. Hubungan antara L dengan Wt dan L dengan Lc di 2 lokasi menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dan kuat (R2 < 70%), sedangkan hubungan antara L dengan dimensi lainnya seperti Bc, Tc, Lc, dan Vc menunjukkan hubungan yang lemah.  Pola pertumbuhan di Bokori terdiri atas pertumbuhan isometrik dan alometrik negatif, sedangkan Toronipa, pola pertumbuhannya alometrik negatif.   Faktor kondisi rata-rata berfluktuasi setiap bulan dengan nilai tertinggi di Bokori. Perairan Bokori didominasi oleh persentase kelompok juvenil sebesar 52.22% pada kelas ukuran 27.4-49.62 mm. Toronipa didominasi oleh persentase kelompok dewasa sebesar 66.67% pada kelas ukuran 50.62-84.42 mm. Keragaman tipe habitat memengaruhi parameter pertumbuhan abalon (H.asinina). Hasil penelitian diharapkan menjadi informasi penting bagi upaya merumuskan pengelolaan sumber daya abalon yang tepat.Kata Kunci: Keragaman Habitat, Pertumbuhan, H. asinina, Morfometrik, Struktur PopulasiAbstract: Abalone (Haliotis asinina) is a marine gastropod which has commercial value. Abalone spread in the waters of Soropia, Southeast Sulawesi.  H. asinina likes special habitat types, such as rocky habitats overgrown with algae and seagrass habitats. Bokori and Toronipa represent these two special habitat types which are located in Soropia waters. The study aims to assess the growth of abalone (H. asinina) populations in different habitats through the relationship of morphometric dimensions, condition factors, and composition of size groups.  Growth data were analyzed by non-linear regression equations using data analysis programs in MS. Excel 2010.  The relationship between L with Wt and L with Lc at 2 locations shows a positive and strong relationship (R2 <70%), while the relationship between L and other dimensions such as Bc, Tc, Lc, and Vc shows a weak relationship.  Growth patterns in Bokori consist of isometric and allometric negative growths, while Toronipa, the pattern of negative allometric growth. The average condition factor fluctuates in each month of observation and the highest in Bokori.  Bokori waters are dominated by percentage of juvenile groups of 52.22%  in the size class of 27.4-49.62 mm. Toronipa is dominated by adult or broodstock abalone of 66.67% in the size class of 50.62-84.42 mm.  Toronipa is dominated by the percentage of the adult group at 66.67% in the size class of 50.62-84.42 mm. The diversity of habitat types affects the growth parameters of abalone (H.asinina).  The results of study are expected to be important information for efforts to formulate appropriate abalone resource management.Keywords: Diversity of Habitat, Growth, H. asinina, Morphometric, Population structure
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN BIVALVIA DI PERAIRAN PANTAI WAEMULANG KABUPATEN BURU SELATAN Efraim Samson; Daniati Kasale
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (575.417 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1681

Abstract

Abstrak: Bivalvia merupakan anggota kelas moluska yang memiliki nilai ekonomis dan menjadikannya sering dieksploitasi berlebih oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indeks keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan bivalvia di Perairan Pantai Waemulang Kabupaten Buru Selatan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada kondisi air surut dengan menggunakan metode transek linear kuadrat yang disesuaikan dengan luas area Perairan Pantai Waemulang, panjang garis pantai dan relif pantai. Disamping itu, dilakukan pula pengukuran parameter fisik kimia lingkungan sebagai data pendukung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bivalvia yang ditemukan terdiri dari 5 Ordo, 5 Family, 6 Genus, dan 7 Spesies, yakni Anadara antiquata, Gafrarium dispar, Modiolus modiolus, Fragum unedo, Pinna bicolor, Anadara granosa, dan Tapes literatus. Nilai kelimpahan tertinggi terdapat pada spesies Anadara antiquata, yakni 5.495 dan kelimpahan relatifnya 16.22%. Sedangkan nilai kelimpahan terrendah terdapat pada spesies Tapes literatus, yakni 4.272, dan kelimpahan relatifnya 12.61%. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman, yakni 1.93 atau termasuk kategori sedang dan indeks dominansi sebesar 0.14 yang menunjukkan tidak ada dominansi spesies. Hasil pengukuran parameter fisik kimia pun masih berada dalam kisaran optimal sesuai dengan standar baku mutu air laut untuk biota laut. Guna pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan bivalvia secara berkelanjutan di Perairan Pantai Waemulang Kabupaten Buru Selatan maka diperlukan penelitian sejenis secara berkala.Kata Kunci: Bivalvia, Keanekaragaman, Kelimpahan, Waemulang.Abstract: Bivalves is a member of the mollusk class with economic value and makes it often over exploited by the community. This study aims to determine the diversity index and abundance of bivalves in the Waemulang Coastal Waters of South Buru Regency. Sampling is done at low tide conditions using the linear quadratic transect method that is adjusted to the area of Waemulang Coastal Waters, coastline length and coastline. Besides that, physical chemical parameters were also measured as supporting data. The results showed that bivalves were found to consist of 5 Orders, 5 Families, 6 Genera, and 7 Species, namely Anadara antiquata, Gafrarium dispar, Modiolus modiolus, Fragum unedo, Pinna bicolor, Anadara granosa, and Tapes literatus. The highest abundance was found in Anadara antiquata, which was 5,495 and its relative abundance was 16.22%. While the lowest abundance was found in Tapes literatus, which was 4.272, and the relative abundance was 12.61%. Diversity index value is 1.93 or including a medium category and dominance index of 0.14 which shows no species dominance. The results of the measurement of physical chemical parameters are still in the optimal range in accordance with sea water quality standards for marine biota. For the sustainable use and management of bivalves in the Waemulang Coastal Waters, South Buru Regency, regular research is needed.Keywords: Bivalves, Diversity, Abundance, Waemulang.
PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF TOMAT (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM MILL) PADA KERAGAMAN TIPE MULSA DAN DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK Ahmad Raksun; Mahrus Mahrus; I Gde Mertha
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (435.581 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1420

Abstract

Abstract: Upaya meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman dapat dilakukan dengan aplikasi mulsa dan pupuk organik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh jenis mulsa terhadap pertumbuhan tomat, (2) pengaruh pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan tomat, (3) pengaruh interaksi antar jenis mulsa dan dosis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan tomat. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan rancangan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah 3 jenis mulsa yaitu mulsa plastik hitam perak, mulsa jerami padi dan mulsa daun-daun kering. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk organik yang terdiri atas 6 level yaitu: P0 = 0 kg  pupuk organik (kontrol), P1 = pemberian 0,4 kg pupuk organik per 1 m2  lahan, P2 = pemberian 0,8 kg pupuk organik per 1 m2  lahan, P3 = pemberian 1,2 kg pupuk organik per 1 m2  lahan, P4 = pemberian 1,6 kg pupuk organik per 1 m2  lahan, P5 = pemberian 2,0 kg pupuk organik per 1 m2  lahan. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) perbedaan jenis mulsa berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat (2) perbedaan dosis pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat,  (3) interaksi antara jenis mulsa dan dosis pupuk organik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat, (4) mulsa plastik hitam perak memberikan hasil tinggi batang, panjang helaian daun dan lebar helaian daun yang lebih baik dibandingkan jenis mulsa yang lain, (5) dosis optimum pupuk organik untuk tanaman tomat adalah 1,6 kg per 1 m2 lahan pertanian.Kata kunci : mulsa, pupuk organik, pertumbuhan tomatAbstract: Efforts to increase growth and yields can be done with the application of mulch and organic fertilizer. The purpose of this study is to find out. The research objective is to find out: (1) the effect of mulch type on tomato growth, (2) the effect of organic fertilizer on tomato growth, (2) the effect of interaction between types of mulch and the dose of organic fertilizer on tomato growth. This research used 2 factors design. The first factor is 3 types of mulch namely black silver plastic mulch, rice straw mulch and dried leaf mulch. The second factor is the dose of organic fertilizer consisting of 6 levels, namely: P0 = 0 kg of organic fertilizer (control), P1 = giving 0.4 kg of organic fertilizer per 1 m2 of land, P2 = giving 0.8 kg of organic fertilizer per 1 m2 of land, P3 = giving 1.2 kg of organic fertilizer per 1 m2 of land, P4 = giving 1.6 kg of fertilizer organic per 1 m2 of land, P5 = giving 2.0 kg of organic fertilizer per 1 m2 of land. Research data were analyzed by analysis of variance. The results showed that (1) the different types of mulch significantly affected the growth of tomato, (2) the difference in organic fertilizer dosages significantly affected the growth of tomato, (3) the interaction between the types of mulch and the dose of organic fertilizer did not significantly affect the growth of tomato, (4) silver black plastic mulch gives better stem height, leaf length and leaf width than other types of mulch, (5) optimum dose of organic fertilizer for tomato plants is 1.6 kg per 1 m2 of agricultural land.Keywords: mulch, organic fertilizer, tomato growth
LENGTH AT FIRST MATURITY, SPAWNING TIME, AND REPRODUCTIVE OUTPUT IN THE FEMALES OF HAMILTON’S ANCHOVY (THRYSSA HAMILTONII GRAY, 1835) Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal; Yunizar Ernawati; Nina Nurmalia Dewi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (547.317 KB) | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1623

Abstract

Abstract: The Hamilton’s anchovy (Thryssa hamiltonii Gray, 1835) is one of main target species in Indonesian small pelagic fishery. This engraulids member is characterized by short lifespan and fast reproductive cycle. The research aims were to explore the reproduction aspects of the females Hamilton’s anchovy in terms of changes in length at first maturity, spawning seasons, and fecundity as well as egg diameter as reproductive output. Fish was collected weekly during 2009 at fish landing site at Gebang Mekar, Cirebon. The fish was length measured, after which ovaries staged for gonadal maturity stage (GMS), fecundity, and eggs diameter. Length frequency data was all linked to this reproductive aspects. The results showed that Lm was 171.5 ± 1.62 mm, comparable to annual calculation of 171.05 ± 0.01 mm, Lc largely tend to smaller than Lm which indicated to unsustainable fishing. Fish spawns monthly with fecundity range between 3,456 – 15,843 (8,261 ± 2,776 eggs), it might be categorized as high fecundity fish relative to its body size. The distribution of eggs diameter showed 2-3 modus, i.e. they are partial spawner fish. The discrepancies in reproductive ouput is suggested to be influenced by seasons which characterized by different environmental conditions. Keywords: Hamilton’s anchovy, females, length, spawning, reproductive output
UJI DAYA HAMBAT ANTIBAKTERI AIR PERASAN DAGING BUAH NANAS (ANANAS COMOSUS (L) MERR VAR. QUEEN) TERHADAP BAKTERI PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES Sarwendah Sarwendah; Yusliana Yusliana; Heronimus Candra G Laia; Pieter Julius Daely; Linda Chiuman
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1055

Abstract

Abstrak: Buah nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) merupakan salah satu jenis buah-buahan tropis yang banyak diminati masyarakat. Buah nanas biasa dingunakan masyarakat sebagai antibakteri, antiinflamasi, antikoagulan, dan antikanker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui uji daya hambat anti bakteri air perasan daging buah nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr Var.  Queen) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan metode difusi kertas cakram. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air perasan daging buah nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr Var. Queen) pada konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% memiliki efektivitas sedang sebagai antibakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes, pada kontrol positif yang menggunakan klindamisin dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat sebesar 25,8 mm memiliki pengaruh antibakteri yang sangat kuat dan untuk kontrol negatif dengan menggunakan aquades tidak menunjukkan zona hambat 0 mm pada bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.Kata kunci: Buah nanas, propionibacterium acnes, daya hambat antibakteri.Abstract: Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) is one of the most popular fruit among people, Pineapple is used as antibacterial, anti-inlfammatory, anticoagulant and anticancer. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial inhibitory test of pineapple juice (Ananas comosus (L) Merr Var. Queen) against Propionibacterium acnes. This research is a laboratory experimental using paper disc diffisuion method. The results of this study indicate that pineapple juice at concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% it has a moderately antibacterial effectiveness in inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, positive control using clindamycin with an average inhibition zone diameter of 25.8 mm has a very strong antibacterial effect and for negative control using aquades does not show 0 mm inhibition zone in Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.Keywords: Pineapple fruit, propionibacterium acnes, antibacterial inhibition.

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