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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 429 Documents
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Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Arginine, Tryptophan, and Taurine on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Health Status of Laying Hens Raised Under Heat Stress Conditions C. H. Kwon; J. H. Nam; G. P. Han; D. Y. Kim; D. Y. Kil
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 3 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.3.337

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of arginine (Arg), tryptophan (Trp), and taurine (Tau) on productive performance, egg quality, liver visual characteristics, antioxidant status, immune response, and stress indicator of laying hens raised under heat stress conditions. A total of two hundred eighty 47-wk-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 7 replicates consisting of 10 cages per replicate. A basal diet (BD) was prepared to meet or exceed nutrient requirement estimates. Two additional diets were formulated to increase either digestible Arg or Trp by 50% greater than the BD. Finally, one more diet was prepared by adding 0.5% Tau to the BD. The experimental diets were fed to hens on an ad libitum basis for 8 wk. Average room temperature and relative humidity were maintained at 30.7±1.41°C and 72.5±11.61%, respectively. Results indicated that laying hens in Arg and Trp treatments tended (p= 0.06) to have a higher egg yolk color (Roche color fan) than those in the Tau treatment. Likewise, there was a tendency (p= 0.05) for a lower liver color score in the Tau treatment than Arg and Trp treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Arg, Trp, and Tau at the current levels (0.37% SID Arg, 0.075% SID Trp, and 0.5% Tau) in diets has no positive effects on productive performance, egg quality, liver visual characteristics, antioxidant status, immune response, and stress indicators of laying hens raised under the current heat stress conditions.
Optimal Supplemental Chromium Concentration for Alleviating Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens: A Meta-analysis H. Kim; K. W. Lee; B. G. Kim
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 3 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.3.347

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to determine the optimal supplemental chromium (Cr) concentration for alleviating the detrimental effects of heat stress on the growth performance of broilers using the literature data. A total of 53 observations from 22 experiments that assessed the growth performance of broilers fed various doses of Cr under heat stress were collected. The control groups received no supplemental Cr, whereas supplemental Cr concentrations ranged from 200 µg/kg to 2,000 µg/kg of diet. The sources of Cr were Cr chloride (n= 12), Cr-amino acid chelate (n= 14), and Cr picolinate (n= 27). The relative change (Δ %) of average daily gain (ADG) between broilers fed a Cr-supplemented diet and those fed a control diet was calculated. To compare ΔADG among Cr sources, the source was considered a fixed variable, while the experiment and the supplemental Cr concentration were considered random variables. The ΔADG was not different among the sources. Polynomial contrast analysis indicated that ΔADG increased quadratically (p<0.05) as the dietary Cr concentration increased. The optimum supplemental Cr concentration was estimated using a one-slope broken-line model with the fixed variable of supplemental Cr and a random variable of experiment based on the NLMIXED procedure of SAS. The optimum supplemental Cr concentration to maximize ΔADG in broilers under heat stress was 687 µg/kg (SE= 137, R2= 0.70, and p<0.001). Taken together, the optimum Cr supplemental concentration in broiler diets to alleviate the detrimental effects of heat stress on body weight gain is 687 µg/kg, regardless of the source of Cr.
In Vitro, In Compost, and In Vivo Assessment of Chitosan-Polyethylene Glycol as an Intravaginal Insert for Progesterone Delivery in Sheep E. Y. Yessa; L. I. T. A. Tumbelaka; I. Wientarsih; M. F. Ulum; B. Purwantara; Amrozi
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 3 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.3.295

Abstract

In estrous synchronization, the hormone progesterone is an important element. Various hormone preparations currently available have limitations, especially those related to environmental impact issues. Various alternatives are being studied, and using biodegradable polymeric materials (chitosan-polyethylene glycol combination) to develop new devices is considered one of the solutions. This contribution aims to design and evaluate intravaginal implants that can release progesterone and be degraded in the body and the environment. Implants are made by melting and molding techniques. In vitro drug release studies using dyes as drug models. Implant degradation studies tested in compost. Changes in the shape of the implant, while it is in the vagina, are observed by ultrasound. Blood collection was performed three days before and during implantation to obtain a blood progesterone profile. In vitro drug release studies using dye as a drug model showed a chitosan-PEG profile that released the drug faster at first, then slowed down. Implant degradation studies in compost and vagina demonstrated a gradual degradation process. The blood progesterone profile increased during implantation, as high as 15 ng/mL on the third day. In conclusion, the chitosan-PEG intravaginal implant formulation designed using the melting and molding technique proved to be degraded in the compost environment. It released the hormone progesterone for four days according to the degradation period of the implant in the vagina.
Local Chickens Farming System Characteristics and Their Genetic Resources Management in Seno Province of Burkina Faso Ouédraogo, R. W.; Tindano, K.; Traoré, F. G.; Tapsoba, S. A. R.; Sanou, M.; Tamboura, H. H.; Bayala, B.; Traoré, A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 4 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.4.509

Abstract

Local genetic resources have an important place in poultry production in Africa. However, knowledge of these genetic resources and their breeding systems is quite often limited. This study was carried out in Seno province/Burkina Faso and aimed to characterize the local chicken production system, the genetic resources used and their management in this area. A survey was conducted including 185 chicken farmers in a rural area. The snowball sampling method was used to co-opt interviewees and, face-to-face interviews were done. The questionnaire includes closed and open-ended questions. Production system characteristics showed that local chickens were bred in free-range production system with few inputs. There were multiple production purposes such as self-consumption (meat and eggs), saving, sale, making donation to strangers. The sale of chickens was ranked as the main purpose with 0.48 as the index, and self-consumption of chicken meat came in second position with 0.34 as the index. According farmers, three phenotypes of chickens ("breed or ecotypes") are encountered in the area. However, these phenotypes are raised together with uncontrolled mating practice, leading to a tendency towards uniformity of phenotypes. Almost all farmers (98.9%) stated they select breeding roosters. This selection is mainly based on growth performance (96.6%). Nevertheless, they ranked "resistance to diseases" as the characteristic they would improve primarily if they had all the possibilities (index 0.43). In general, the production system was extensive with low input, whereas the local chicken genetic resources were under poor management which can lead to genetic erosion.
Productivity and Nutritive Value of Mutant Benggala Grass (Panicum maximum cv Purple Guinea) in the Saline Soil of Coastal Area in Lebak-Banten Province Fanindi, A.; Sutedi, E.; Herdiawan, I.; Sajimin; Harmini, H.; Hidayat, C.; Krisnan, R.; Yulistiani, D.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 4 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.4.439

Abstract

The coastal region of Lebak-Banten is an area with a relatively high population of buffalo. The forage requirement has relied on existing forage with low productivity and quality. The study aimed to investigate the physiological, morphological, and nutritional response of mutant benggala grass in the coastal area and to develop salt-tolerant forage crops with high productivity and nutritive value for livestock. The research was conducted in the Binuangeun coastal area, Muara Village, Wanasalam District, Lebak Regency, located at 6°50’34.4”S and 105°53’23.4”E. This study used a completely randomized block design with a factorial arrangement with 5 replications. The first factor consisted of 4 benggala grass mutants: mutant 12, 18, 36, 56, and a control. The second factor was the location or distance of the planting plots from the coastline (FC), consisting of L1: 50 m FC, L2: 75 m FC, L3: 100 m FC, and L4: 500 m FC, representative of low, moderate, and high salinity levels, and no saline. Observations were made during the dry and rainy seasons. The results showed that mutants 12 and 36 had higher fresh forage production during the rainy season, while mutant 36 had the highest forage production at the L1 location (high salinity conditions) during the dry season. Mutant 12 had higher crude protein values at the L2 location (moderate salinity) than the other mutants and locations (salinity levels) during the dry season. Meanwhile, mutant 18 at the L2 location (moderate salinity) had the highest crude protein value during the rainy season. In addition, mutant 12 had a high proline value at the L1 location (high salinity stress) as a plant adaptation response to salinity stress. The study suggests that mutants 12 and 36 have great potential to be developed into new salt-tolerant forage crop cultivars and can be grown in coastal areas of Lebak-Banten.
Potential of Neuraminidase from Pasteurella multocida for Inhibiting Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H9N2 Replication In Ovo Poetri, O. N.; Nugroho, C. M. H.; Silaen, O. S. M.; Kurnia, R. S.; Krisnamurti, D. G. B.; Indrawati, A.; Hikmah, N.; Hariyadi, I. P. P. K.; Putra, M. A.; Soebandrio, A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 4 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.4.487

Abstract

In recent decades, neuraminidase/sialidase-based antivirals have been produced to suppress respiratory viral infections, including avian influenza, which relies on sialic acid as the entry point for viruses into cells. While neuraminidase has been extensively studied as an antiviral agent, numerous neuraminidases still have not been evaluated for their antiviral activities. Among these is NanB neuraminidase derived from Pasteurella multocida, which has received limited research attention. This study aimed to assess the potential of NanB neuraminidase in inhibiting H9N2 avian influenza virus infection in ovo. The research commenced with the molecular re-identification of the H9N2 A/Layer/Indonesia/WestJava-04/17 virus isolate, followed by determining the EID50 through Rapid HA test results. The toxicity of NanB neuraminidase was assessed by administering various doses to embryonated chicken eggs (ECE). The antiviral activity of NanB neuraminidase on ECE was evaluated through challenge tests, including treatment before, during, and after the challenge. The assessment involved monitoring the time of embryo death, virus titer through HA test, and viral copy number via RT-qPCR. The results indicated that the H9N2 virus titers capable of infecting 50% of ECE amounted to 108.83 EID50/mL. A dose of 0.258 U/mL of NanB neuraminidase was found to be toxic, leading to embryo mortality after 48 hours of incubation at 37 ℃, while a non-toxic dose was determined to be 0.129 U/mL. The post-challenge treatment group exhibited the most significant reduction in virus titer in ECE. Notably, NanB neuraminidase derived from P. multocida demonstrated the ability to inhibit H9N2 avian influenza virus infection in the ovo model, with the optimal dosage of 0.129 U/mL. The observed decrease in virus titers in the hemagglutination assay and viral copy number assays suggests that NanB neuraminidase holds promise as a potential antiviral candidate for therapeutic approach.
Phylogenetic Grouping and Antibiogram of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Tarazi, Y. H.; Gharaibeh, M. H.; Al-Hurani, H. A.; Ismail, Z.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 4 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.4.410

Abstract

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a major cause of mastitis in dairy cattle. Multidrug resistant E. coli poses an important public health threat due to the widespread antimicrobial resistance genes that can transmit to human pathogenic E. coli through consuming contaminated milk. This study aimed to determine the phylogenetic groups and antimicrobial resistance profile of E. coli isolates from bovine clinical mastitis cases. A total of 380 milk samples were collected from dairy farms in Jordan. E. coli was cultured using routine bacterial culture methods and identified initially based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. Suspected bacteria were then confirmed by detecting 16s rRNA gene using traditional PCR methods. The phylogenetic grouping was performed using triplex PCR. The antimicrobial resistance profile was determined using a disc diffusion test followed by the double disc diffusion test to detect ESβLs-producing strains and the syndromic multiplex PCR (mPCR) to detect ESβLs genes. A total of 74 (19.4%) of E. coli strains were isolated from the collected milk samples. The majority of the isolates (52 or 70%) belonged to phylogenetic group A, followed by 13 (17.5%), 7 (9.5%), and 2 (2.7%) isolates that belonged to phylogenetic groups D, B1, and B2, respectively. Sixty-three (85.1%) isolates showed resistance to at least 2 antimicrobial agents, with the highest resistance rates detected against amoxicillin (94.6%), tetracycline (75.7%), and streptomycin (66.2%). Sixty-three (85.1%) isolates showed resistance to at least 2 antimicrobial agents and 23 (31%) isolates showed resistance to at least 2 beta lactam antimicrobial agents. Twenty-two out of 23 (95.6%) of multi-beta lactam resistant isolates were ESβL positive, 22 isolates (100%) carried blaCTX-M gene, and 20 isolates (86.9%) carried the blaTEM gene, while none of the isolates carried the blaSHV gene. The results of this study demonstrate a high prevalence of multidrug resistant, ESβLs-producing E. coli in bovine mastitis, which may represent a serious threat to public health due to the high risk of dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes through consumption of contaminated milk.
Comparison of Different Lecithin Diluents for Cryopreservation of Toraya Buffalo Semen Riwu, R. M. J.; Arifiantini, R. I.; Karja, N. W. K.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 4 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.4.396

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the quality of frozen semen from Toraya buffalo with different lecithins from different commercial diluents. Fresh semen from two 6-9 years old Toraya buffaloes were collected once a week in the morning through an artificial vagina. Fresh semen was examined macroscopically and microscopically. Semen with more than 70% sperm motility was divided into three tubes, each diluted with Andromed (soy lecithin), Steridyl (egg yolk lecithin), and Bovifree (synthetic lecithin) diluents at a concentration of 100 x106 mL-1 motile sperm. The diluted sperm were placed in 0.25 mL straws and allowed to equilibrate for 4 hours. The sperm was frozen above liquid nitrogen favour for 15 minutes and stored in liquid nitrogen containers for further evaluation. The quality of frozen semen was assessed 24 hours after freezing. The parameters tested were motility, viability, abnormalities, plasma membrane integrity, and sperm recovery rate (RR). The results showed no significant differences in the values of motility, viability, abnormalities, plasma membrane integrity, and sperm RR in the three diluents used. Sperm motility values ranged from 45.93% to 47.09% after freezing. Sperm viability ranged from 56.21% to 60.27%. The values of membrane integrity of the three diluents used ranged from 57.73% to 61.36%. The values of sperm abnormalities after freezing and thawing ranged from 2.74% to 3.18%. In conclusion, three commercial diluents containing animal, vegetable, and synthetic lecithin bases can be used as diluents for freezing Toraya buffalo semen with similar results.
A Novel SNPs of the SREBF1 and SCARB1 Genes and the Association with Fatty Acid Profile in Bali Cattle Dairoh; Ulum, M. F.; Jakaria; Ishak, A. B. L.; Sumantri, C.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 4 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.4.428

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the genetic impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the sterol regulating element binding factor 1 (SREBF1) and scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SCARB1) genes on carcass and meat characteristics, as well as fatty acid composition, in the Bali cattle. The blood and beef samples used for DNA sequencing, physical assessment, and fatty acid analysis were collected from 95 male Bali cattle. The ultrasound images were analyzed using the Image-J NIH software. A total of 4 SNPs were identified in the SREBF1 gene and 5 SNPs in the SCARB1 gene. The results showed that the 4 SNPs in the SREBF1 gene, namely g.12629T>C, g.12731T>C, g.12881A>G, and g.12986C>T, were associated with heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) and cis-11-eicosanoic acid (C20:1). The SNPs g.12731T>C of the SREBF1 gene was associated with fat content, palmitoleic acid (C16:1), stearic acid (C18:0), cis-11-eicosanoic acid (C20:1), and total fatty acids. Furthermore, 4 SNPs in the SCARB1 gene, including g.72219C>T, g.72380C>A, g.72517G>A, and g.72607C>T correlated with longissimus dorsi thickness (LDT). All SNPs in the SCARB1 gene showed significant associations with cis-10 heptadecanoic acid (C17:1) and cis 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3n6). The SNP g.72400A>G of the SCARB1 gene was related to caprylic acid (C8:0), lauric acid (C12:0), arachidonic acid (C20:4n6), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). These results suggested that the identified polymorphisms in the SREBF1 and SCARB1 genes could serve as valuable references for investigating similar genes in other cattle breeds, particularly concerning fatty acids.
Evaluation of Dietary Inorganic and Organic Selenium Sources on Immune Organ, Plasma Immunoglobulins, Blood Biochemical, and Performance of Broilers: A Meta-Analysis Wijayanti, I.; Risyahadi, S. T.; Sukria, H. A.; Retnani, Y.; Jayanegara, A.; Kusuma, R. I.; Daulai, M. S.; Hasanah, Q. N.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 4 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.4.451

Abstract

The current meta-analysis aimed to estimate the effect of different selenium (Se) sources on immune organs, plasma immunoglobulins, blood profiles, and broiler performances. Related studies that met standard presence criteria were identified and mined from the Scopus database. The database was developed from 38 articles. Data were analyzed using the OpenMEE, considering the difference between organic selenium as fixed effects and different studies as random effects. This study showed that organic selenium feed supplementation improved the feed conversion ratio and increased the average daily feed intake and gain of broilers. Furthermore, the mortality of broilers fed organic Se was significantly lower than that of those fed inorganic Se. For the immune organ of the broiler, organic selenium feed supplement enhanced the thymus and spleen organs but did not affect the bursa organ. IgA and IgM were significantly higher in the broilers fed organic selenium feed; meanwhile, IgG of broilers fed organic selenium was lower than those fed inorganic selenium. The total protein blood concentration of broilers fed organic selenium was significantly higher than those fed inorganic Se. Meanwhile, there was no statistically significant difference in the effects of selenium source on cholesterol. Triglyceride concentrations of broilers fed organic Se are significantly lower than those fed inorganic Se. The ratio of heterophile to lymphocyte in broilers fed organic Se is significantly lower than in those fed inorganic selenium. In conclusion, the organic selenium feed supplement can promote production performance and immune parameters of broilers.

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