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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : 08532788     EISSN : 25277669     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 17, No 2 (2015)" : 10 Documents clear
PENGGUNAAN BAHAN ACUAN BERSERTIFIKAT OYSTER TISSUE 1566b SEBAGAI INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL UNTUK MENENTUKAN KADAR TIMBAL TOTAL DALAM TEPUNG IKAN MARLIN DENGAN ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY Willy Cahya Nugraha; Yohanes Susanto Ridwan
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (521.081 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.29

Abstract

Lead is widely knows as one of the harmful pollutants for humans. Contaminated fishery built by lead may endanger the consumption body. Therefore, contamination monitoring for the fishery products is necessary to be conducted. To ensure the validity of data, Oyster Tissue 1566b certified reference material was used as Internal Quality Control. Marlin fish powder and certified reference materials were analyzed with the same method, personnel, duration or time, equipment and environmental conditions. As the results, it was found that the lead contained in CRM was 0.306 mg.kg-1 with 11.9 % rsd, which is within range of lead content in  the certificate. The method was applied for Marlin Fish. Lead content obtained in this study (1.821 mg.kg-1 with 11.06 % rsd) can be reported with high level of confidence.Keywords: Lead, Certified Reference Materials, Marlin fish
STANDARDISASI EKSTRAK PEGAGAN, CENTELLA ASIATICA SEBAGAI OBAT HERBAL TERSTANDAR HEPATOPROTEKTOR Puspa Dewi N Lotulung; Sri Handayani; Teni Ernawati; Tri Yuliani; Nina Artanti; Tjandrawati Mozef
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.34

Abstract

Herbal medicinal products would be affected by the quality of raw materials. In turn, the quality of raw material will also be influenced by various factors such as soil conditions, cultivation, post-harvest processing, and the processing of raw materials into crude drug or extract. Therefore, in order to make good herbal medicines, it is necessary to make standardization of herbal extracts that produced herbal medicines that have the same quality and functions of effectiveness in each process. From preliminary studies that have been done, Centella asiatica is one of the potential plants as a source of hepatoprotective compounds. Test in vivo and in vitro against Centella asiatica extracts have shown very good results. Ethyl acetate extract with 17.5 mg/kg of doses body weight and butanol 228.8 mg/kgof doses body weight has been applied for in vivo test using mice induced by CCl4; theydemonstrated hepatoprotective effects. Ethyl acetate extracts were able to reduce levels of the enzyme alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) by 56 % and 44 % respectively while butanol extract can reduce the enzymes AST levels by 3%. Standardizationof Centella asiatica extract performed in this study was the characterization of the extract in the form of non-specific and specific parameters corresponding to the reference of PPOMN (Ministry of health Republic of Indonesia, 2000) such as levels of drying shrinkage, ash content, total plate count microbial contamination, levels of water-soluble compounds, levels of compounds that are soluble in ethanol, phytochemical test, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and the determination of Pb and Cd weight.The results showed that non-specific parameters for the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica were requirements based on Herbal Pharmacopoeia in 2008 which includes parameters such as determination of shrinkage on drying ≤ 10%, ash content ≤ 16.6% and negative microbial contamination. Specific parameters for the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica have met the requirements of Herbal pharmacopeia in 2008.Keywords: Centellaasiatica, hepatoprotective, standardized herbal medicine, specificparameters, and non-specific parameters
ADSORPSI ION MN(II) PADA ZEOLIT DARI ABU DASAR BATUBARA TERMODIFIKASI DITIZON Riandy Putra; Khamidinal Khamidinal; Didik Krisdiyanto; Irwan Nugraha
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.25

Abstract

Adsorption characteristic of Mn(II) on zeolite synthesized from bottom ash with alkaline hydrothermal conditions loaded with dithizone have been examined. The parameters studied includes effect of pH, contact time, initial concentrations and temperature of Mn(II) by batch experiments. The raw and modified samples were characterized by XRF, XRD, FT-IR and SAA. The results of XRD and FTIR showed that hydrothermal product consists of a mixture of zeolite (zeolite Y, zeolite Na-P and zeolite X) and sodalite crystals. Hydrothermal product showed specific IR absorption zeolite at wavenumber 300-1250 cm-1 and zeolite modified dithizone showed absorption -NH and –SH at wavenumber 1496,76 and 2461,17 cm-1. The results SAA showed that with addition dithizone lowering the specific surface area of zeolite from 160,262 m²/g  to 69,609 m²/g. Results of study show that adsorption of Mn(II) reaches its maximum values at pH 6 for zeolite and pH 8 for zeolite modified dithizone, respectively. The adsorption kinetics based on the pseudo-second-order rate equation with adsorption rate constants for zeolite synthesis -0,014 g/mg.min-1and for the zeolite modified dithizone 0,0204 g/mg.min-1. Based on the Langmuir equation, the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) synthetic zeolite of 14,493 mg/g and zeolite modified dhitizone 15,873 mg/g. Termodynamic parameter indicated thatadsorption using two adsorbents takes place spontaneously at a lower temperature.Keywords: Bottom ash, zeolite, hydrothermal, dithizone, adsorption
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC MINERAL ADDITIVE FOR RUMINANT THROUGH BIOLOGICALLY INCORPORATED BY SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE IN DIFERENCE SUBSTRATES Ahmad Sofyan; Hendra Herdian; Awistaros Angger Sakti; Gumilang Khairulli; Anuraga Jayanegara
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (432.832 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.30

Abstract

This research was conducted to evaluate physical and chemical properties of organic mineral additive incorporated by Saccharomyces cerevisiae which was cultivated on different growth media consisted of cassava flour and rice bran, respectively. Treatment was arranged on completely randomized design consisted of rice bran without inoculants (RBo), rice bran with inoculants (RBi), cassava flour without inoculants (CFo), cassava flour with inoculants (CFi). Substrates were fortified by microminerals contained of Cu (100 ppm), Mn (100 ppm), Zn (100 ppm), I (10 ppm), Fe (2.5 ppm) and Co (2 ppm). Inoculation of S. cerevisiae could reduce fungal contamination. Physical characteristic of cassava flour was better in flavour and texture than rice bran in which tends to rancidity. Nutrients composition was similar in cassava and rice bran however crude fibre content in rice bran tends to be higher after fermentation. Mineral content (Zn and Fe) relatively decreased and in substrate supplemented by inoculant and rice bran had higher than cassava. In summary, micromineral was incorporated in cassava flour with inoculated S. cerevisiae had better than rice bran.Keywords: Organic mineral, cassava flour meal, S. cerevisiae, rice bran, ruminant.
SIMULASI PENGARUH UKURAN PARTIKEL DAN EQUIVALENCE RATIO DALAM PROSES GASIFIKASI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT Sabar Pangihutan Simanungkalit; Dieni Mansur; Nino Rinaldi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (660.815 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.26

Abstract

In this study, a simulation for gasification process of oil palm empty fruit bunches waste (OPEFB) using a fixed bed gasifier (throat downdraft) by varying the particle size of OPEFB and equivalence ratio (ER) was investigated. The rate of fuel consumption was 10 kg/h with air as the oxidizing medium and 1 hour process time for 1 batch. Simulation was performed with two-dimensional approach (2D) using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ANSYS FLUENT 14 software. Simulation results show that ideal amount of equivalence ratio (ER) for gasification process of OPEFB pellets with diameter (φ) of 6 mm and 8 mm is 0.1 ≤ ER ≤ 0.2. ER variation affects the higher heating value of syngas (HHV), the carbon efficiency (ηC), gasification efficiency and temperature distribution in the gasification reactor. Variations in particle size did not have a significant effect in the gasification process.Keywords: CFD, OPEFB gasification, particle size, equivalence ratio
PURIFIKASI PARSIAL DAN KARAKTERISASI ß-GALAKTOSIDASE Lactobacillus plantarum B123 INDIGENOS DAN HIDROLISIS LAKTOSA UNTUK PRODUKSI SUSU ULTRA HIGH TEMPERATURE RENDAH LAKTOSA Tatik Khusniati; Neny Mariyani; Hanifah Nuryani Lioe; Didah Nur Faridah; Abdul Choliq; Sulistiani Sulistiani
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (708.319 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.31

Abstract

β-Galactosidase is enzyme which hidrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose. This enzyme is used in production low lactose milk for consumption human which have lactose intolerance. Partial purification of β-galactosidase is important to be conducted to increase  β-galactosidase activity in order to its hydrolysis potency on UHT milk lactose increased.This research was aimed to production by partially purification and characterization indigenous β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus plantarum B123, and lactose hydrolysis for production low lactose UHT milk. Partially purification were precipitation following dialysis. Characterization included optimazion and stabilization of enzyme, while lactose hydrolisis for production low lactose UHT milk was detected by enzymatic GOD-POD kit. The results showed that production of β-galactosidase by using partial purification increased from 21.51 ± 0.23 U/mL (crude) to 106.34 ± 0.56 U/mL (dialysis).  The optimum crude β-galactosidase activity was reached in precipitation by using 60 % ammonium sulphate.  The purity of crude β-galactosidase increased 3.71 times after precipitation, and 14.28  times  after dialysis. Characterization of β-galactosidase showed that  optimum activities of crude and dialyzed β-galactosidase were at pH 6.5 and 50 oC, respectively. Stability of crude β-galactosidase incubated for 1 h were at pH: 5.0-8.5 and 25-50 °C. Specific activity of crude β-galactosidase was 15.05 U/mg protein, while that dialyzed β-galactosidase was 109.58 U/mg protein. Lactose hidrolysis to produce low lactose UHT milk showed that glucose concentration increased with the increase of hidrolysis time. Time needed to hidrolyze lactose 50 % with 4.8 U/mL β-galactosidase at 50°C was 6.08 h. In conclusion that indigenous β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus plantarum B123 purified partially can be used as lactose hidrolyzer in production of low lactose UHT milk.Key words : b-galactosidase, indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum B123, purification, lactose hidrolysis, UHT Milk
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN CHEMICAL MODIFIER PADA ANALISIS LOGAM DAN SEMI LOGAM DENGAN GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY Rosi Ketrin
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (381.463 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.32

Abstract

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF-AAS) is not a new method in chemical analysis, especially for metals and metalloids, unfortunately there are a lot of laboratories in Indonesia that still not used it correctly, whereas if used it correctly, the method will be an excellent and can be a reference method. This review focus on the kinds of interferences in the GF-AAS such as spectral, physic and chemical interferences and alsoon the use of a lot of kinds of chemical modifier that very important part in analysis by GF-AAS, however it is often unused because of the difficulty. It is noted that highest absorption level from each analyte is different even though used the same modifier and ashing temperature, therefore the selection of chemical modifier is important to find the appropriate modifier for each analyte and their matrixes.Keyword: GF-AAS, spectral interferences, physic interferences, chemical interferences, chemical modifier
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BIJI KAPULAGA (Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton) Dede Sukandar; Sandra Hermanto; Eka Rizki Amelia; Muhamad Zaenudin
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (648.526 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.28

Abstract

Testing of antibacterial activity against ethyl acetate extract local cardamom seeds (Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton) has been performed. Extraction was carried out using the soxhlet method with methanol solvent and liquid-liquid partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvent, antibacterial activity test was performed using the disc diffusion method, fractionation using column chromatography and characterization of active fractions using chromatography GCMS, UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy. The test results showed that the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extract had the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with inhibition zone diameter of respectively 15.15 ± 1.34 and 13.50 ± 0.70 mm at a concentration of 3200 mg/mL. Results of fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction using column chromatography with a mobile phase of ethyl acetate: n-hexane (3: 2) yielded three fractions, namely F1 (14.6 mg), F2 (8.1 mg) and F3 (4.6 mg). Fraction 2 had the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus with inhibition zone diameter of 12.34 ± 0.07 mm at a concentration of 800 ug/mL. The results of the characterization of the fraction 2 obtained using GCMS analysis of three antibacterial compounds suspected of 2.9-dihydroxy-1,8-cineol; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,8-cineol and 2,2-methylene bis [6- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-ethyl] phenol. The results of the F2 fraction characterization using UV-Vis spectroscopy showed the presence of group C = C conjugated chromophore at λmax 223 nm and are based on analysis using FTIR there -OH alcohol functional group (3372 cm-1), aliphatic -CH (2926 and 2854 cm-1) , C = C (1695 cm-1), aliphatic CH2 (1402 cm-1), CH3 aliphatic (1384 cm-1), and C-O (1203; 1126; 1091 and 1043 cm-1). Keywords: Antibacterial, S. aureus, E. coli, Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton, disk diffusion
SKRINING IN SILICO POTENSI SENYAWA ALLICIN DARI ALLIUM SATIVUM SEBAGAI ANTIPLASMODIUM Fatmawaty Fatmawaty; Muhammad Hanafi; Rosmalena Rosmalena; Vivitri Dewi Prasasty
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (902.064 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.33

Abstract

Allicin compound (2-propene-1- sulphinothioat acid S-2-propenyl ester) is known to have potential as antiplasmodium in vitro. However, the inhibitory activity mechanism of Allicin to plasmodium is still unknown. In this research, we determined the inhibitory activity of Allicin in silico. Identification of physicochemical properties of Allicin compound and two Allicin derivatives, Alc1, Alc2 and Ac2Alc3 were also conducted.. Furthermore, analysis of drug-likeness and adsorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion (ADME) were carried out on the Allicin compound and its derivatives to find the potential of these compounds as drug candidates. In determining the specific interaction, we utilized molecular docking analysis between Allicin and its derivatives against a protein target Cysteine Protease (SP). Molecular  docking results showed that Allicin derivative, Alc2 (S-prop-2-en-1-yl 3-methylbut-2-ene-1-sulfinothioate, C10H18OS2) has better potential as inhibitors than Allicin, based on the lower bond energies and the inhibition constants, thus Alc2 can be used as an antiplasmodium agent candidate.Keywords: Allicin, Allicin derivatives, drug likeness, ADME, molecular docking
SINTESIS POLI (GLIKOLIDA-CO-LAKTIDA) DAN UJI BIODEGRADABILITASNYA Rofiq Sunaryanto; Hardaning Pranamuda
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (546.527 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.27

Abstract

Polylactide and polyglycolide are important aliphatic polyester consist of lactide and glycolide repeats unit. It is considered as green polymer due to it is produced from renewable agricultural resources. The development of biodegradable plastics based on agricultural resources is still important to be done. Copolymerization of glycolide with D-lactide, L-lactide, and DL-lactide using a Sn(Oct)2 as catalyst had been carried out. Polymerization was conducted by ring-opening of lactide and glycolide without the solvents but melting polymerization. Polymerization were conducted at 130 °C for 130 hours. Result of this study showed that polymerization of glycolide with D-lactide produce polymers with an average molecular weight of 8.2x103 and a yield of 72 %. Polymerization of glycolide with L-lactide produce polymer with an average molecular weight of 2.8x103 and a yield of 36 %. Polymerization glycolide with DL-lactide produce polymer with an average molecular weight of 2.5x103 with a 48 % yield. The burial test for 28 days showed poly (glycolide-co-Llaktida) degraded faster than other polymers, namely degraded 32 %. While poly (glycolide-co-DL-lactide) and poly (glycolide-co-D-lactide) showed similar degradation that is equal to 20 %. Compared with PHB (polyhydroxybutyrate), poly (glycolide-co-lactide) degraded more slowly.Keywords: Glycolide, lactide, copolymerization, biodegradable plastic

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