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Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08532788 EISSN : 25277669 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles 283 Documents

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FERMENTASI ASAM SITRAT DARI TETES TEBU, SECARA BIAK-RENDAM DENGAN Aspergillus niger Milono Poesponegoro; Oei Ban Liang
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 1, No 2 (1991)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

A study to determine the optimum condition of !ubmerged. citric acid fermentatlon of calle molasses with Aspergillus niger has been conducted. Effects of the strains of Aspergillus niger, initial concentration of total reducing sugars and initial pH of the medium 011 citric accumulation were investigated. One-stage submerged culture fermentation process was curried out in a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask which contained 50 ml liquid medium at 30°C, in an orbital shaker incubator operated at 200 rpm. While a two-stage sub-merged [ermen tation process was performed at30Ve in a stirred fermentor containing 2.5 liters of liquid medium at a constant pH, with 1 Will aera, tion and agitation at a speed of 700 rpm. The [ermeutation process was followed by monitoring the changes ill pH values, concentrations of total reducing sugars, dry weight of cellular biomass, and citric acid concentration in the culture medium, during 7 days of [ermentation time. It was obtained that strain of the 1II0uld, concentration of total reducing sugars as well as pH of the medium affected the submerged citric acid fermentation process with Aspergillus niger. Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414 was found to be the best strain aI/lOng the eight strains tested. High initial concentrations of total reducing sugars (15 - 20%) and low initial pH of the medium (less than 3.0) were the optimum conditions for citric acid accumulation by Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414.

Identifikasi Logam pada Endapan Lindi Hitam Hasil Samping Proses Bioetanol sebagai Salah Satu Konsep dalam Pemurnian Lignin Achmad Hanafi Setiawan
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 18, No 01 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Lignin merupakan polimer alam yang bersifat amorf, tidak beracun danmerupakan hasil samping dari proses delignifikasi pada proses bioetanolgenerasi kedua. Produk lignin dari proses ini biasanya masih mengandungselulosa, hemiselulosa, dan senyawaan anorganik, sehingga kontaminantersebut harus dihilangkan pada proses pemurnian. Penelitian ini difokuskanhanya pada penghilangan kotoran anorganik kecuali silika. Lindi hitamdiperoleh dari proses delignifikasi tandan kosong kelapa sawit yangdilakukan dengan menggunakan 5% (b/b) larutan NaOH dengan rasiopadatan dan larutan 1: 5, pada kondisi proses 150oC, 5 bar selama 30menit. Endapan lignin diperoleh dengan menambahkan 50% (v/v) asam sulfatke dalam dua larutan lindi hitam sedemikian hingga larutan mencapai hargapH = 12 dan pH = 1. Kemudian masing-masing larutan disentrifus padaputaran 4000 rpm selama 15 menit. Setelah disaring dan dikeringkan padasuhu 50oC selama 16 jam, sampel kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan TG/DTAdan hasilnya dikonfirmasi dengan uji TPC, sedangkan komposisi unsur-unsuranorganik yang terkandung dalam abu dianalisis dengan EDS, dan distribusipartikelnya diukur dengan PSA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampelyang berasal dari larutan dengan pH = 12 menghasilkan 28% kadar abu danmengandung sembilan elemen yang jumlahnya berkisar antara 1,3-18,0%,sedangkan sampel yang berasal dari larutan dengan pH = 1 hanyamengandung 0,9% kadar abu dan mengandung empat unsur anorganik yangjumlahnya berkisar antara 0,2-1,8%. Terjadi penurunan rata-rata ukuranpartikel sampel dari 262 Î¼m sampai 59 Î¼m dengan perubahan kondisi larutandari pH = 12 ke pH = 1.

ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF A NEW OLEANOLIC ACID AND ITS SAPONINS FROM Thylacospermum caespitosum Muhammad Hanafi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 7, No 1-2 (1997)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

A new oleanollc acid and its saponins have been isolated from methanol and ether extract of the whole plant of cushion plant T. caespltosum. The compounds were established as olean-12-en-3b-16a-diol-23,28-dioic acid (1), 3jJ-O-jJ-D-glucopyranosylolean12-en-16a-diol-23-doic acid (2), and 28-O-B-D-glucopyranosylolean--12-en3b, 16a-diol-23-dioc acid (3), which are trivial named as thylacospermic acid (1), thylacospermicoside A (2) and thylacospermicoside B (3), respectively. Three known steroids namely 22,23-dihydrospinasterol (4), a-spinasterol (5), and 3jJ-OjJ-D-glucopyranosylspinasterol(6) [lJ and the mixture of phytoceramides (7) [2, 8] were also isolated from the ether extract. The compounds were identified based on chemical and spectroscopic methods. This is the first report on the isolation of the compounds from genus Thylacospermum.

STUDI AWAL PADA PREPARASI KATALIS BERBASIS LEMPUNG BERPILAR UNTUK REAKSI ETANOL MENJADI GASOLINE (ETG) Nino Rinaldi; Adid Adep Dwiatmoko
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Research on catalytic reaction of ethanol to gasoline (ETG) was investigated in this study. The catalyst with a high acidity is required for the ETG reaction. Therefore, this study focused on the catalyst preparation of ETG reaction by using natural clays which prepared by the pillarization techniquewithseveral metal oxides, such as:AI, Zr, Fe and Cr as the pillared. The prepared of pillared clay were characterized by x-ray diffraction, specific surface area and pore distribution (BET) measurements and catalytic activity testing on the ETG reaction. It is observed that after the pillarization; the surface area and basal spacing (d001) of the natural clays were significantly increased. thus the ptllarization process was successfully prepared on natural clay. However,the acidity of theprepared ofpillared clay is still lower,probably due to the cations between layers of the natural clay were not homogeneous, thus although the pillarization process was happen but still not completely. Moreover, IR measurement showed only the acid type of Lewis is increased after the pillarization. Thistype is not favorable for the ETG reaction, and thus only the lower hydrocarbon products (<Cl2) were observed after the ETG reaction, even aromatics and cyclic hydrocarboncompounds wereobtainedKeyword : preparation, pillared clay, catalyst, ETG reaction.

Identification and Characterization of Bacterial Lipase from Plateu Soil in West Java Vivitri Dewi Prasasty; Vinella Winata; Muhammad Hanafi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 18, No 02 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Lipases are known as glycerol ester hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol. Lipases are found in human, animal, plant, and microorganisms. The aim of this research is to identify lipase producers and characterize bacterial lipase from West Java plateau soil. Plateau soil bacteria samples were isolated on lipase screening medium containing Rhodamine B. Olive oil was used as a substrate in screening and production medium bacterial lipases. From 16 bacterial isolate of lipase producers, 14 were identified as Bacillus sp. and the others were identified as Pseudomonas alcaligenes. All isolates were taken into production step to determine their lipase activities. Moreover, top 3 lipase activities out of 16 lipase activities were chosen to find the optimum pH and temperature. Both characterizations showed pH optimum and temperature optimum from each lipase. These optimum condition were used in heat stability characterization for each lipase samples. The result showed that lipase from isolate COK 2 in optimum pH 4 and temperature 50oC was the most stable lipase due to this sample has good and stable activity for 1 to 5 hours incubation time. Lipase sample from isolate COK 2 has good efficiency for lipase productivity in acid condition and high temperature. Results of this investigation could encourage utilization of these activity enhancers for various industrial applications.

STUDI KIMIA SENYAWA GLIKOSIDA TUMBUHAN SUNGKEI, PERONEMA CANESCENS (VERBENACEAE) Partomuan Simanjuntak
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 6, No 1-2 (1996)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v6i1-2.229

Two glycoside compounds from methanol extract of Peronema canescens Jack. (Verbenaceae) were isolated and elucidated using on the basis of Nuclear magnetic resonances (1H-, 13C-NMR), mass and ultra-violet (with diagnostic reagent).

HOMOGENITAS TARGET DALAM MATRIK PADA ANALISIS RESIDU PESTISIDA KARBAMAT DALAM TOMAT Retno Yusiasih
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Optimum condition of carbamate are carbofurane and carbaryl recidues pesticide analysis by height performance liquid crhomatography (HPLC) has been done. The optimum condition are isocratic mobile please on acetonitrile/H20 :45/55 (v/v) and wave lenght of ultra violet (UV) detector has optimum absorbance at 275 nm. Performance of HPLC verification has minimum detection are 60 pbb for carbofurane and 40 ppb for carbaryl. Linierity and work range are 0.06 to 0.15 ppb for carbofurane with r2 value of 0.9702 and 0.04 to 0.15 ppb for carbaryl with r2 value of 0.09874. Precision of HPLC was showed by relative standard deviation (RSD), for carbofurane are 0.30 % of retention time (Rt) and 7.2 % of area. Whereas for carbaryl, the RSD are 0.20 % for Rt and 4.63 % for area. Homogeneity of targets in tomato matric as well as carbaofurane and carbaryl are homogen by analysis of varians (ONOVA) method which. is showed by F-value < F-critis. Homogeneity anlysis by National Acreditation of Comeetee (KAN) method also homogen with criteria I. Keywords: Homogeneity, Pesticide, Carbamate, Carbofurane,Carbaryl, Chromatographs.

PRODUCTION, ISOLATION, IMMOBILIZATION AND APPLICATION OF GLUCOAMYLASE FROM RHIZOPUS ORYZAE A.T. Karossi; L.Z. Udin
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Experiments were conducted to find optimum medium and process conditions based on shake-flask and laboratory fermentor scales to anticipate industrial scale for the production of glucoamylase. Membrane filtration and ammonium sulfate precipitation were tested for the enzyme concentration and isolation respectively. The glucoamylase enzyme properties were determined and preference to various starch substrates were checked. Immobilization within commercial agar and alginate were done and their shelf-life were observed. The application of free glucoamylase in saccharification of the various starches were also investigated after being liquefied with commercial alpha-amylase.Keywords : rhizopus oryzae, glucoamylase, isolation, immobilization.

ISOLASI DAN PEMURNIAN WEDELOLAKTON DARI TUMBUHAN URANG ARING (Eclipta alba L. Hassk) Trisna Yuliana
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Wedelolactone has a wide range of biological activities and used for the-treatment of various ailment. In the present study an experiment of isolation method of wedelolactone from Eclipta alba L. Hassk plant has been developed by conventional process using maceration method, partitions, and column chromatography and the result was characterized by NMR, UV- Vis and mass spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that the process of isolation isproduce wedelolactone with94% purity which are expected to be used as a standard.

PREPARASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS PEROVSKITE (La,Sr)MnO3+)" Wuryaningsih Sri Rahayu
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 6, No 1-2 (1996)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The LaMnO3 and La0.8Sr0.2MnO3+A perovskites were synthesized base on sol-gel method using metal nitrates in required proportions. In the preparation, ethylene-glycol and water were used as the dissolving agents and comparison was made. The amorph gel was obtained from nitrate mixture solutions heated in a range 60-80°C, either under vacuum conditions in rotary evaporator or under normal pressure (atmospheric). Perovskite crystals were obtained from calcination process of the amorph gel, and the product was further characterized by X-ray Diffraction analyzer, BET method, Scanning Electron Microscopy as well as Thermal analyzer (TG-DTA). With regard to the process and characterizations, the product obtained by using ethylene-glycol as the dissolving agent was relatively better than. the one produced in aqueous condition. A specific surface area of the sample with ethylene-glycol as dissolving agent (26 m2/gr.) was wider than the sample prepared in aqueous solution (16 m2/gr.). The percentage of weight loss during the formation of perovskite powder was 50 %, it consisted of water, nitrogen and organic compounds. From the X-ray Diffraction analysis, the structure of the crystalline perovskite was obtained by calcination process at 600°C was rhombohedric with a = 7.7 A and (X, = 90.39°. Oxidation reaction of Carbon Monoxide, Hydrocarbon and Particulate of Diesel Engine on these Perovskite was very much affected by specific surface area, structure and Mn 4+ ion.

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