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Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKim)

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Published by Universitas Negeri Medan

ISSN : 20853653 EISSN : 25493116 DOI : 10.24114

Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Environmental Science

Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKim) yang dikelola Program Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan terbit 3 kali setahun, yakni bulan April, Agustus dan Desember. JPKim menerbitkan artikel ilmiah hasil-hasil penelitian pendidikan kimia dan kimia fundamental. JPKim juga menerbitkan artikel Review terkait Pendidikan Kimia dan Kimia.

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Articles 352 Documents

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In vitro test of antibacterial activity causing inhibition of wound healing from ethanol extract of nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus, Lam.) leaf Esther Siringo-ringo; Indah Yani Tambunan; Mastiur Julianti Butar-butar; Kasta Gurning; Iksen Iksen
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus, Lam.) is a plant that is rich in nutrients and contains phytochemicals that can be used in various fields, especially in the health sector. Traditionally, every part of this plant has been widely used for its anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and hypoglycemic effects. Antibacterials are an important part of drug preparations to accelerate wound healing. Antibiotics inhibit the occurrence of infection and stimulate the process of forming fibroblast cells for wound closure. Bacteria that are often found in wounds and inhibit the acceleration of wound healing are Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The purpose of this study was to test the activity of the ethanol extract of nangka leaf (Artocarpus heterophyllus, Lam.) in vitro on E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The extraction method used was maceration with ethanol solvent and in vitro antibacterial activity testing using the paper disc method, as well as variations in extract concentrations, namely 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, chloramphenicol as a positive control, and 5% DMSO as a negative control. The results showed that the ethanol extract contained various secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids/triterpenoids, and flavonoids. The ethanol extract of nangka leaf (Artocarpus heterophyllus, Lam.) has strong category potential as an antibacterial against E. coli and S. aureus.Keywords: Antibacterials; Escherichia coli; Nangka leaf; Staphylococcus aureus; Wound healing

Ulos batak natural dye paste from salaon leaf extract (Indigofera tinctoria L), ketapang leaf (Terminalia catappa), and cocoa fruit peel (Theobroma cacao L) Nadia Givani Sihotang; Ruth Yohana Saragih; Dewan Dinata Tarigan; Mika Yohana Pakpahan; Dafit Ericson Sihotang; Saronom Silaban; Murniaty Simorangkir
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

Ulos is a type of traditional woven fabric that is often used for traditional ceremonies in the Batak tribe. Although ulos with natural dyes are more valuable, ulos weavers have switched to synthetic dyes due to the difficulty of the dyeing process with natural dyes. This research aims to make natural dyes from extracts of plants. Salaon plants (Indigofera tinctoria L), ketapang (Terminalia catappa), and cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) are types of plants that are easily available in the North Sumatra region and can be used as natural dyes. BATAK-Co (BATAK-Colour): ulos batak natural dye paste is a dyeing product in the form of a paste that can be used to dye yarn to be woven into ulos. The product is made through an extraction and fixation process with whiting, tunjung, and alum, as well as deposition and filtering processes, so that a BATAK-Co product is obtained: Ulos Batak Natural Coloring Paste with 3 color choices, namely blue from salaon leaf extract, black from ketapang leaf extract, and red from cocoa fruit peel extract. The spectra of the three dyestuffs have been identified using FT-IR. Through the entrepreneurship student creativity program, BATAK-Co: ulos batak natural dye paste products have been produced, packaged, and marketed both directly to ulos weavers and through social media, and have a great opportunity to become new entrepreneurs.Keywords: Cocoa; Ketapang; Natural dyes; Salaon; Ulos batak

Theoretical study to determine the band gap of the bis(benzoylacetone)zirconium complex compound using the PM3 semi-empirical computational method Muhammad Yusuf
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

TThe bis(benzoylacetone)zirconium (bis(bzac)2Zr) complex compound has been used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions. The aim of this study was to compare the band gap and maximum wavelength of the bis(bzac)2Zr complex with its ligands. The software used is HyperChem 8.0. Calculations begin by optimizing complex compounds. After that, the HOMO-LUMO energy is calculated so that the band gap is obtained. Meanwhile, the calculation of the maximum wavelength is carried out based on UV calculations by using the singly excited method. The addition of Zr atoms to the ligand is expected to reduce the band gap of the complex. On the other hand, the maximum wavelength of the resulting complex is expected to be higher than that of the ligand. Based on the calculation results, the band gap of the complex compounds is 6.128 eV, while the maximum wavelength produced is 383.54 nm. The band gap of the ligand is larger than that of the complex, which is 9.031 eV, while the maximum wavelength of the ligand is 261.25 nm.Keywords: Bis(benzoylacetone)zirconium; Band gap; Complex; Wavelength

Analysis of Fe metal adsorption in industrial wastewater using adsorbents from betel nut skin Herlinawati Herlinawati; Junifa Layla Sihombing; Agus Kembaren; Lisnawaty Simatupang; Rika Adhani
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

This study aims to determine the adsorption ability of betel nut skin-activated carbon on Fe metal in industrial wastewater. Betel nut skin carbon is activated using H2SO4 and HNO3. To identify the quality of adsorption using betel nut skin adsorbents, carbon and activated carbon are characterized using XRD and BET analysis. To determine the concentration of Fe metal adsorbed in the adsorption process, it was analyzed using AAS by determining the optimum conditions for the adsorption of Fe metal from the adsorbent using mass and contact time variations. The XRD characterization results show that betel nut skin carbon activated with sulfuric acid has a higher degree of crystallinity (41.03%) than that activated with nitric acid (20.61%). Betel nut skin activated carbon has a larger pore size of 3.2110 nm than the pore size of betel nut skin carbon of 2.2644 nm. The optimum condition of activated carbon on the adsorption of Fe metal was obtained at a mass of 1 gram with an optimum contact time of 45 minutes. The adsorption capacity of betel nut skin-activated carbon obtained was 1.4174 mg/g and the adsorption efficiency of betel nut skin-activated carbon was 99.84%. The initial concentration of Fe metal obtained was 25.86 ppm, after adding activated carbon from betel nut skin is decreased the concentration of Fe metal obtained was 3.72 ppm. So, the ability of betel nut skin adsorbent to adsorb Fe metal in industrial wastewater was 22.14 ppm.Keywords: Activated carbon; Adsorption; Amorphous; Betel nut skin; Wastewater

Fabrication of photocatalyst film based on TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber Yusnaidar Yusnaidar; Wilda Syahri; Harizon Harizon; I Putu Mahendra
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

The powerful performance of TiO2 and its doped as photocatalyst material initiated the finding of new technique that efficient and effective to degrade the organic pollutant, i.e., azo dyes. This study examined photocatalyst film's photoactivity, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose-containing N-TiO2 (TOC/N-TiO2), on the degradation of azo dyes. TEMPO-oxidized cellulose, which has a negative charge, was sequentially mixed and stirred in the suspension of TiO2 and doped TiO2. This experiment utilized several instruments to determine the physicochemical properties of the photocatalyst film. The UV-DRS and diffractogram data confirmed the anatase phase as the only phase found in N-TiO2, which has a lower bandgap value than the anatase TiO2. These data demonstrated the superior photocatalytic of TOC/ N-TiO2 against azo dyes.Keywords: Doped-TiO2; Film; Photocatalyst; TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber

Optimization of pretreatment in delignification of hyacinth biomass for ethanol production Effendi Nawawi; Zainal Fanani; Fakhili Gulo
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is one of the potential feedstocks for bioethanol production due to their higher cellulose content. It needs the optimization of pretreatment to remove lignin and release cellulose and hemicellulose from lignocellulosic complex. Pretreatment was done using sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, and calcium hypochlorite as soaking agents. Experiment was carried out at 121 °C for 15 minutes. Pretreatment with 1% sulfuric acid decreased lignin by 6.74%, 4.0% sodium hydroxide reduced lignin content by 11.23%, whereas pretreatment with 0.3% calcium hypochlorite removed lignin by 8.30% from original lignin content lignocellulosic substrate. Therefore, sodium hydroxide pretreatment showed highest efficacy in delignification processes, followed by calcium hypochlorite, and sulfuric acid pretreatments.Keywords: Lignin reduction; Lignocellulose; Pretreatment; Water hyacinth

Effect of ethanol leaf extract of Plukenetia volubilis on blood glucose and triglyceride levels of mice induced by alloxan Dewi Handayani; Zahra Salsabila; Hermansyah Amir; Nurhamidah Nurhamidah; Sura Menda Ginting
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

The study aims to determine the phytochemical profile of ethanol extract of kacang saca leaves and its effect on reducing blood glucose and triglyceride levels. Used 18 mice were divided into six groups, namely the normal group, the positive control group (glibenclamide treatment), the negative (alloxan induction), and the treatment group doses used were 0.0262 mg/dL, 0.0525 mg/dL, and 0.105. mg/dL. The treatment of mice was carried out for 10 days with three measurements, namely before treatment, on the 7th day, and on the 10th day of giving the extract. Phytochemical test results showed the presence of flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, and tannins. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS application. The results of the measurement of blood glucose levels in mice on the 7th day showed normal numbers, the results of data analysis showed no significant difference, namely 0.164. In the measurement of triglycerides, triglyceride levels fell in two groups, namely groups 1 and 3. Data on the 10th day there was an increase in blood glucose and triglycerides. Analysis of the data showed that there was no significant difference in each group on day 7 and day 10. The ethanol extract of cacao beans has the potential to reduce glucose levels used for 7 days but does not affect the triglyceride levels of mice.Keywords: Alloxan; Glucose; Mice; Triglyceride; Plukenetia volubilis

Development of comic-based electronic modules using canva design in elements periodic system material in class X SMA/MA Norma Yunita; Roza Linda; Asmadi M Noer
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

This study intends to create comic-based electronic modules using Canva design with accurate elemental periodic system content and find out how learners react to comic-based electronic modules. The research is of the type known as research and development (R&D), which is based on the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). However, for small-scale trials, this step is only completed up to the implementation stage. The module developed is a comic-based electronic module using one of the applications, namely Canva Design to overcome the problems of students' difficulties in understanding the elemental periodic system material and increase students' learning motivation. Three validators, including two material experts and one media expert, evaluated the electronic module based on comic books. The validation of material specialists yielded a percentage of 98.44% in the valid category based on factors such as content viability, comic features, language, presentation, and graphics. A percentage of 98.86% was attained in the valid category for the media expert validation results based on a visual communication display and software usage. In the teacher response trials, students obtained an overall percentage of 87.66% while teachers received an 87% in the very good category. The comic-based electronic module created using a Canva design is legitimate and appropriate for use in content related to the elements of the periodic system, according to data analysis.Keywords: Comic-Based Electronic Module; Canva Design; Periodic System of Elements

Crystal guava (Psidium guajava L. “Crystal”) treated with gibberelic acid (GA3) : Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant capacities Fajar Sumi Lestari; Ricson Pemimpin Hutagaol; Srikandi Srikandi
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jpkim.v15i2.41780

Free radicals can cause many diseases, such as cancer. Antioxidant is a compound that could scavenge free radicals. One of the natural source antioxidants is guava. The application of gibberellic acid (GA3) is known to affect the physicochemical properties and antioxidant content of the fruit. The goals of this research were to investigate the antioxidant activity of skin, flesh and fruit of crystal guava were given additional GA3 treatment with concentration 0; 60; 120; 180; 240; and 300 ppm by determining the value of the Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI) using DPPH; evaluate the total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and physicochemical properties; analyse the correlation between the TPC with AAI DPPH by Pearson’s method. Extraction was performed by the maceration method using acetone 50% mixed with a magnetic stirrer for 1 h. Determination of AAI DPPH, FRAP and the TPC was performed by UV-Visible spectrophotometry. TPC in the flesh and fruit fractions tended to increase and FRAP values in all fractions decreased with GA3 application. The highest TPC and FRAP was given by the G3 treatment on the skin fraction and G0 treatment on the skin fraction. The highest AAI in all fractions was given by the G3 treatment. The TPC was significantly positively correlated with the AAI DPPH of the flesh and fruit fraction extracts (0.250 ≤ r ≤ 0.880), and the skin fraction extracts showed a strong negative correlation between TPC and AAI DPPH (-0.813 < r < -0.973).Keywords: Antioxidant activity; DPPH; FRAP; Gibberellic acid; Psidium guajava

Molecular docking analysis of six major compounds from sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) extract as potential anti-hypertension therapy Bayu Cakra Buana; Iksen Iksen; Kasta Gurning
Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia (JPKIM) Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jpkim.v15i2.43617

Hypertension is an abnormally high blood pressure condition that is the leading cause of preventable cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and cognitive impairment. In the case of hypertension, repressing the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) expression has been shown to be an effective method of controlling hypertension by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Captopril is the most commonly used ACE inhibitor. It simultaneously inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and the vasodilator peptide bradykinin. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) on the other hand, is used in traditional Indian and Chinese medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including hypertension. The study aimed attempts to investigate the potency of 6 major compounds found in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) extract, as an anti-hypertension therapy. The analysis demonstrates that Ocimum basilicum L., extract is effective as an anti-hypertension therapy because it contains several compounds that may interact with ACE and inhibit its activity. The molecular docking analysis and drug-likeness prediction indicate that camphor could be a potential drug candidate because it does not violate the Lipinski rule, has a high Gastrointestinal (GI) absorption, a high affinity to interact with ACE, and a similar interaction site to the ACE-Captopril interaction.Keywords: ACE; Holly basil; Hypertension; Molecular docking

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