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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 25 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 18, No 1 (2018)" : 25 Documents clear

Synthesis, Radiochemical Purity Control and Stability of Scandium-46-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (46Sc-NOTA) Duyeh Setiawan; Iwan Hastiawan; Asri Nurul Bashiroh
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Radiotherapy is one of healing method of cancer using radionuclide elements. The radionuclide scandium-46 (46Sc) has a half-life of 83.8 days, beta emission 0.35 MeV and gamma emission 899 and 1120 keV is suitable for studying the chemical aspects, synthesis and stability of scandium complex for radiotherapy. The purposes of this research are synthesis of scandium-46-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (46Sc-NOTA) labeled compound based on formation of a complex bonding in stoichiometry between radioisotope 46Sc and 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) ligand, and radiochemical purity and stability assay of 46Sc-NOTA. In this research, conducted that optimum moles several variables, namely moles comparison and pH effect was used. The result are optimum conclusion of mole comparison between radioisotope and ligand was 1:2 (46Sc : NOTA) and environment at pH 5. The radiochemical purity and stability assay of 46Sc-NOTA was carried out by paper chromatography and the result showed that 46Sc-NOTA has radiochemical purity of 99.09 ± 0.2% and remained stable for 9 days.

One-Pot Eco-Safe Saccharin-Catalyzed Procedure for Expedient and Convenient Synthesis of Dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidinone Scaffolds as a Green and Versatile Catalyst Farzaneh Mohamadpour; Mojtaba Lashkari; Nourallah Hazeri
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A green and facile saccharin-catalyzed procedure is developed for the one-pot convenient synthesis of dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidinone scaffolds via multi-component tandem Knoevenagel cyclocondensation reaction. This procedure has the chief advantages of green, inexpensive and readily available catalyst, high atom-economy, high to quantitative yields and the reaction procedure is mild and involves facile workup procedure to obtain the desired products in short reaction times.

Antidiabetic Activities and Identification of Chemical Compound from Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb) Havil) Laela Nur Anisah; Wasrin Syafii; Gustan Pari; Rita Kartika Sari
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) is one of a pioneer indigenous fast growing species in Indonesia which have been used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The objectives were to determine the yield extract, to analyze their antidiabetic activity by inhibition assay for α-glucosidase enzyme activity and chemical analysis with GCMS. Extraction of leaves, bark and wood samples were done by using ethanol 95%. Fractionation the most active ethanol extract was conducted by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The yield of ethanol extracts in leaves, bark and wood were 13.90%, 12.87%, and 2.18% respectively. Based on antidiabetic activity assay, the bark ethanol extract was the most active extract by the IC50 value of 5.86 μg mL-1. Phytochemical analysis on bark ethanol extracts showed that they contained flavonoid, quinon, triterpenoid, saponin and tannin which were assumed have high contribution in antidiabetic activities. The result of fractionation ethanol extract bark showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active fraction (IC50 6.82 μg mL-1). GCMS analysis indicated the presence of dominant phenolic compounds such as pyrocatechol, antiarol, isopropyl myristate and phenol in which were suspected have antidiabetic activity. These results strongly suggested that ethyl acetate fraction of Samama bark was a potential natural source for antidiabetic agents.

Structure-Activity Relationship Study on the Ethyl p-Methoxycinnamate as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent Ismiarni Komala; Supandi Supandi; Nurhasni Nurhasni; Ofa Suzanti Betha; Eka Putri; Syarifatul Mufidah; Muhammad Fikry Awaludin; Mida Fahmi; Muhammad Reza; Nurkhayati Putri Indriyani
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) (1) has been isolated as a major compound from the rhizome of Kaempferia galanga together with the other compound ethyl cinnamate (2). As reported in the literature, EPMC (1) exhibited a significant in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. In this research, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 1 and 2 by using anti-denaturation of heat bovine serum albumin (BSA) method. In order to analyze active sites that are responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity, therefore, it is necessary to conduct structural modification of EPMC (1). The structural modification was performed through re-esterification reaction by using conventional and assistance of the unmodified microwave oven. Evaluation of the results of the bioassay indicated that the ester and methoxy functional groups of EPMC (1) play an important role for the anti-inflammatory activity.

Physical Mixture Interaction of Acetaminophenol with Naringenin Normyzatul Akmal Abd Malek; Hamizah Mohd Zaki; Mohammad Noor Jalil
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The interaction of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) with other compounds will affect drugs stability, toxicity, modified dissolution profiles or may form a new compound with the different crystal structure. Acetaminophenol (APAP), the most common drug used widely (also known as Panadol) was mixed with Naringenin (NR) to glance for a new phase of interactions leading to new compound phase. The amide-acid supramolecular heterosynthon; N-H…O interaction between acid and the respective base were observed in the APAP-NR mixture blends. The interaction was prepared by the binary interaction from neat grinding and liquid-assisted grinding techniques at a different stoichiometry of binary mixture ratio of APAP-NR which were 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 molar ratio. The interaction was estimated using Group Contribution Method (GCM) and physicochemical properties were characterized by Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The GCM calculation gave good interaction strength at 212.93 MPa1/2. The ATR-FTIR, DSC and PXRD results obtained revealed an interaction with new phase formed.

The Role of E27-K31 and E56-K10 Salt-Bridge Pairs in the Unfolding Mechanism of the B1 Domain of Protein G Tony Ibnu Sumaryada; Kania Nur Sawitri; Setyanto Tri Wahyudi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Molecular dynamics simulations of the B1 fragment of protein G (56 residues) have been performed at 325, 350, 375, 400, 450 and 500 K for 10 ns. An analysis of its structural and energetic parameters has indicated that the unfolding process of the GB1 protein begins at 900 ps of a 500-K simulation. The unfolding process is initiated when hydrogen bonds in the hydrophobic core region are broken; it continues with the α-helix transformation into coils and turns and ends with the destruction of the β-hairpins. These unfolding events are consistent with the hybrid model of the protein folding/unfolding mechanism, which is a compromise between the hydrophobic core collapse model and the zipper model. Salt-bridge pairs were found to play an important role in the unfolding process by maintaining the integrity of the tertiary structure of the protein. The breaking (or disappearance) of the salt-bridge pairs E27–K31 (in the α-helix) and E56–K10 (connecting β4 and β1) has resulted in the destruction of secondary structures and indicates the beginning of the unfolding process. Our results also suggest that the unfolding process in this simulation was not a complete denaturation of the protein because some β-hairpins remained

Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments of the Southern Coast of Pacitan, Indonesia Defri Yona; Mochamad Arif Zainul Fuad; Nurin Hidayati
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This study was conducted to analyze the spatial distribution of heavy metals from four different coastal areas in southern Pacitan, Indonesia: Pantai Watu Karung (WK), Pantai Teleng Ria (TL), Pantai Pancer (TP) dan Pantai Soge (SG). Data collected in this study included: temperature, salinity, DO, pH, sediment, organic matter and heavy metals in the sediments (Pb, Hg and Cd). The results showed different distribution patterns of heavy metals. Heavy metal concentrations, especially Pb and Hg, were found to be higher in Pantai Soge, while the concentration of Cd was higher in Pantai Pancer. An ANOVA test showed the distributions of Pb and Cd were significantly different (p < 0.01) between sampling sites. Variability of the physicochemical parameters influenced the variabilities of heavy metal concentrations among sampling sites. Overall, heavy metal concentrations in the study areas are rather low; however, attention is still needed due to heavy activities in the coastal areas of southern Pacitan that can contribute to heavy metal pollution.

Synthesis and Kinetic Study of the Urea Controlled Release Composite Material: Sodium Lignosulfonate from Isolation of Wood Sawdust-Sodium Alginate-Tapioca Arif Cahyo Imawan; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan; Muhammad Fernadi Lukman; Jumina Jumina; Triyono Triyono; Dwi Siswanta
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A synthesis and kinetic study of the urea controlled-release composite material based on isolated Na-lignosulfonate, Na-alginate and tapioca was carried out. This experiment’s aims were to isolate Na-lignosulfonate from wood sawdust and to applicate this isolated Na-lignosulfonate, along with tapioca and Na-alginate as urea control release composite material. A kinetic study of urea released from the composite materials was also conducted. Na-lignosulfonate was isolated by Kraft lignin method to give a brown solid yield of 16.92% and was characterized by FT-IR spectrophotometer and SEM-EDX. The composite materials were synthesized by blending urea as the active compound with composite material as the carrier compound. Three types of material were prepared: complete material (A), low-concentration Na-lignosulfonate material (B) and material without tapioca (C). The composite material had a spherical form with 0.79 mm radius and 2.16 mm swollen radius. Urea content inside material was 40.425 mg urea/g material. The urea diffusivity coefficient for material A, B, and C were 7.27 x 10–6; 15.50 x 10–6 and 0.94 x 10–6 m2 h–1, respectively. Modelling analysis showed the experiment obeyed around only 15% of the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, but there was good correlation (80%) with the unsteady-state diffusion model.

The Modification of PVDF Membrane via Crosslinking with Chitosan and Glutaraldehyde as the Crosslinking Agent Romaya Sitha Silitonga; Nurul Widiastuti; Juhana Jaafar; Ahmad Fauzi Ismail; Muhammad Nidzhom Zainol Abidin; Ihsan Wan Azelee; Mahesan Naidu
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has outstanding properties such as high thermal stability, resistance to acid solvents and good mechanical strength. Due to its properties, PVDF is widely used as a membrane matrix. However, PVDF membrane is hydrophobic properties, so as for specific applications, the surface of membrane needs to be modified to become hydrophilic. This research aims to modify PVDF membrane surface with chitosan and glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker agent. The FTIR spectra showed that the modified membrane has a peak at 1655 cm-1, indicating the imine group (–N=C)- that was formed due to the crosslink between amine group from chitosan and aldehyde group from glutaraldehyde. Results showed that the contact angle of the modified membrane decreases to 77.22° indicated that the membrane hydrophilic properties (< 90°) were enhanced. Prior to the modification, the contact angle of the PVDF membrane was 90.24°, which shows hydrophobic properties (> 90°). The results of porosity, Ɛ (%) for unmodified PVDF membrane was 55.39%, while the modified PVDF membrane has a porosity of 81.99%. Similarly, by modifying the PVDF membrane, pure water flux increased from 0.9867 L/m2h to 1.1253 L/m2h. The enhancement of porosity and pure water flux for the modified PVDF membrane was due to the improved surface hydrophilicity of PVDF membrane.

Activated Carbon from Spent Brewery Barley Husks for Cadmium Ion Adsorption from Aqueous Solution Ilesanmi Osasona; Kayode Aiyedatiwa; Jonathan Johnson; Oluwabamise Lekan Faboya
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This study investigated the feasibility of using acid activated carbon prepared from brewery spent barley husks for the adsorption of cadmium from aqueous solution. The effects of operation parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, concentration and temperature were verified. The amount of cadmium adsorbed increased with increase in solution pH, initial solution concentration and with the amount of adsorbent dosed. A time of 5 minutes was required for attainment of equilibrium. The equilibrium data obtained were analysed using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the data were better described by Langmuir model with correlation coefficient of 0.9183. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the removal of cadmium by the activated carbon was exothermic and spontaneous. Thus, activated carbon obtained from brewery spent barley husk can be employed as an economically viable low-cost adsorbent for removing cadmium from aqueous solution.

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