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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 30 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 19, No 1 (2019)" : 30 Documents clear

Forgery Detection Beef with Mice Meat (Mus musculus) in Meatballs Using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Real-Time PCR) Primer Specific for a Target Mitochondrial DNA ND-1 Gene Tri Joko Raharjo; Gilang Aji Pratama; Irma Nuryanti; Rarastoeti Pratiwi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The expensive beef have encouraged counterfeiting beef on processed food products such as meatballs. Mice meat is frequently reported used for adulteration of beef. The accurate method is needed to ensure the supervision of food safety. This study reports the use of DNA testing to detect the presence of mice meat in meatballs with real-time PCR primer specific. PCR primers designed based on the ND-1 gene of mice mitochondrial DNA with the sequence are 5’-CGGCATCCTACAACCATTTGC-3’ and 5’-CGGCTCGTAAAGCTCCGAA-3’, respectively, target 294 bp DNA fragment. The real-time PCR can specifically detect the presence of the mice meat in a meatball with no detection the presence of beef, mutton, chicken, pork, and horsemeat. The method showed good precision shown by the CV of repeatability test at 2%, much lower than the requirement of < 25%. Real-time PCR was able to deliver positive results for as low as 0.5 ng DNA template, equivalent to 0.08 copies of genome DNA of mice equal to 80–150 copies of mtDNA. By using standard phenol-chloroform DNA isolation technique, this method is able to detect contamination of mice meat in meatball up to 1%. Three commercial meatballs confirmed contaminated by mice meat using the method.

Grafting of Heparin on Blend Membrane of Citric Acid Crosslinked Chitosan/Polyethylene Glycol-Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA-PEG) Retno Ariadi Lusiana; Ginanjar Argo Pambudi; Fitra Nilla Sari; Didik Setiyo Widodo; Khabibi Khabibi; Sri Isdadiyanto
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Heparin, an active sulfate group material, grafted onto blend membrane citric acid cross-linked chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PVA-PEG) to improve the membrane properties. The physical tests shown that grafting reaction of citric acid crosslinked chitosan increased the mechanical strength and membrane swelling. The permeability test results, it was found that the grafted chitosan membrane was improved permeability of both urea and creatinine as compared to chitosan pure and chitosan crosslinked membrane. The negative charge of the sulphonate group of heparin increased the number of the active side of the carrier in the membrane, which then correlated to the membrane’s permeability process.

The Blending of EPDM/NR with Maleic Anhydride as Compatibilizer: Comparing the Effect of Accelerators on Cure Characteristic and Mechanical Properties Hesty Eka Mayasari; Ike Setyorini; Arum Yuniari
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The blending of ethylene propylene diene monomer/natural rubber (EPDM/NR) needs much attention because of their incompatibility. In this work, the influence of accelerator type on cure characteristics and mechanical properties of 60/40 EPDM/NR blend was investigated. The compounds were prepared by controlling the migration of curative and using maleic anhydride as the compatibilizer. Three types of accelerators were studied: 2,2-dithiobis(benzothiazole) (MBTS), the combination of MBTS and tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (TMTD), and n-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide (TBBS). The cure characteristic, mechanical properties, and morphology of the composites had been investigated by rheometer, tensile testing machine, hardness durometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Blending of EPDM/NR with various accelerator gave different composite characteristics. MBTS, used in single or binary accelerator system, provided good mechanical properties. TBBS gave the longest scorch time, the lowest crosslink density and poor mechanical properties, except tear strength. Binary accelerator, MBTS/TMTD, provided the lowest processing time and the highest cure rate, but not significantly different from MBTS. Binary accelerator gives the best aging resistance and compatibility blend. These results correspond well with SEM micrograph. From the study, it can be concluded that binary accelerator system was the proper accelerator for EPDM/NR blend.

Preparation of a New Cd(II)-Imprinted Polymer and Its Application to Preconcentration and Determination of Cd(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution by SPE-FAAS Teguh Wirawan; Ganden Supriyanto; Agoes Soegianto
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A novel ion Imprinted polymer (IIP) material with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) (the complexing ligands), methacrylic acid (MAA) (the monomers), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) (the crosslinker agent), benzoyl peroxide (the initiator), and ethanol-acetonitrile (2:1) (the porogen) as adsorbent for the determination of cadmium by solid phase extraction–flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SPE-FAAS) has been synthesized. Synthesis of IIP was done by precipitation polymerization method. The imprinted Cd(II) ions were removed by leaching method using 1 mol L-1 nitric acid. The IIP was characterized by fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to ensure successful synthesis of IIP. The experimental parameters for SPE extraction, such as pH of the sample, loading rate, and elution rate, have been optimized. The optimum pH for quantitative Cd(II) retention was 6, and the elution was completed with 2 mL of 1.0 mol L-1 nitric acid. The optimum loading rate was 0.5 mL min-1. Under optimum conditions, the proposed method with theoretical enrichment factor 50 times has a detection limit of 0.5 µg L-1 and the recovery of 97.75%.

Adsorption of Ni(II) Ion onto Calcined Eggshells: A Study of Equilibrium Adsorption Isotherm Hans Kristianto; Novitri Daulay; Arenst Andreas Arie
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Adsorption is one of the most effective and economical method to treat heavy metals in water. In this study, we utilize waste chicken eggshells as biosorbent to adsorb Ni(II). Furthermore we study the effect of eggshell calcination on its adsorption performance. The effect of calcination on the characteristic of eggshell was observed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). It could be observed that CaCO3 in eggshell was converted into CaO, and from SEM images the calcined eggshell became more porous than the uncalcined one. The effect of various parameters such as initial Ni(II) solution pH and initial Ni(II) concentration was investigated using batch adsorption experiments. The data obtained then fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms. The best pH for Ni(II) adsorption was found to be 6. From Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich, it was found that calcined eggshells gave 60 times higher maximum adsorption capacity then uncalcined one. This increase was possible due to more porous structure of calcined eggshells. The adsorption process was found to be exothermic and physisorption. This result was confirmed by the decrease of % removal with increase of temperature. Furthermore, Langmuir isotherm was found to be the best model, indicating adsorption of Ni(II) was monolayer adsorption on homogenous surface.

Hydrotreating of Sunan Candlenut (Reutealis trisperma Airy Shaw) Oil by Using NiMo-γAl2O3 as Renewable Energy Daliya Indra Setiawan; Tun Tedja Irawadi; Zainal Alim Mas’ud
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Hydrotreating process of Sunan candlenut oil by using NiMo-γAl2O3 catalyst has been successfully investigated. Preparation of NiMo-γAl2O3 catalyst by using dipping impregnation method generated catalyst used for hydrotreating process. This method consists of three stages: support activation, impregnation, and calcination. This factors influencing the process including temperature, pressure, and the ratio of Sunan candlenut oil to the H2 gas factor were examined. The hydrotreating product of fuel similar to oil was obtained at a minimum temperature of 380 °C, a pressure of 30–60 bar, and the ratio of the sample to H2 gas of 0.5–1. The diesel fuel from physical properties range for the density of 0.82–0.86 g/cm3, and kinematic viscosity of 2–6 cSt have been fulfilled by hydrotreating result. Gasoline, naphtha, diesel oil, and gas oil products of Sunan candlenut oil were obtained by distillation from hydrotreating process. Sunan candlenut oil fuel qualified fuel requirement.

Study on Growth Mechanism of Cu Nanowires and Its Application as Transparent Conducting Electrode Dedi Mardiansyah; Kuwat Triyana; Harsojo Harsojo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Cu nanowires (CuNWs) were synthesized in an aqueous solution at low temperature using ethylenediamine (EDA) as a capping agent and hydrazine as a reducing agent. This study investigated the growth of mechanism CuNWs and fabricated the transparent conducting electrode. For the growth mechanism of CuNWs, the study was conducted with an optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The performance of the transparent conducting electrode was studied with UV-Vis spectrometer and IV meters. CuNWs growth from Cu nanoparticles (CuNPs) in the solution. Transparent conducting electrode gave a sheet resistance of 48.8 Ohm/sq and the transmittance of 52.63%. The understanding of the growing mechanism of Cu nanowires is important for the development of CuNWs for alternative application as a transparent conducting electrode.

Sorption Mechanism and Performance of Peat Soil Humin for Methylene Blue and p-Nitrophenol Sri Juari Santosa; Eko Sri Kunarti; Nurul Hidayat Aprilita; Beti Wulandari; Dhian Nuri Bawani
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The responsible mechanism and performance of peat soil humin for the sorption of methylene blue (MB) and p-nitrophenol (p-NP) have been investigated. Humin was obtained from peat soil of Siantan, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, after removing the content of humic and fulvic acids into a NaOH solution using the recommended procedure of International Humic Substances Society (IHSS). The obtained humin was then purified by rigorous stirring in a mixed solution of HCl 0.1 M and HF 0.3 M. Ash content in humin after the purification abruptly decreased from 36.84 to 1.26 wt.% indicating that minerals and other inorganic impurities were mostly removed. Phenolic –OH and carboxyl (–COOH) functional groups contributing to the acidity of humin were in the level of 3.44 and 2.10 mmol/g, respectively. At optimum medium pH of 6.20 for MB and 7.00 for p-NP, –COO– as the deprotonated product of –COOH was the most responsible active site in sorbing MB and p-NP through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding, respectively. The homogeneity of –COO– as the active site for the sorption of MB and p-NP implied that the surface of humin sorbent was energetically uniform and thereby the sorption of both MB and p-NP followed better the Langmuir than the Freundlich isotherm model with sorption capacity of 0.19 and 0.26 mmol/g and sorption energy of 32.92 and 27.27 kJ/mol, respectively.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Amoxicillin Using UV/Synthesized NiO from Pharmaceutical Wastewater Davoud Balarak; Ferdos Kord Mostafapour
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The nano nickel(II) oxide (NiO) was synthesized by sol-gel method and used for degradation of Amoxicillin (AMO) from pharmaceutical wastewater. In this laboratory study, the effects of nanoparticle dose (0.25–2 g/L), reaction time (10–120 min), initial antibiotic concentration (25–200 mg/L) and lamp power (15 W) on AMO removal efficiency were assessed in a batch photocatalytic reactor. Antibiotic concentration in output was measured by the spectrophotometer at the maximum wavelength of 280 nm. The optimum nano NiO dose was obtained to be 0.2 g/L. In this study, the removal efficiency decreased with increasing the concentration of AMO. Under optimal conditions of concentration, the removal efficiency was 96%. It was found that increasing the exposure time to UV increased the rate of AMO degradation in solution. The results also showed that the photo-degradation reaction approximately follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics with constant rates of 0.084, 0.074 and 0.046 min-1 for concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/L, respectively. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that UV/NiO photocatalytic process can efficiently remove AMO from pharmaceutical wastewater.

A Novel Molecular Imprint Polymer Synthesis for Solid Phase Extraction of Andrographolide Hemavathi Krishnan; A.K.M. Shafiqul Islam; Zainab Hamzah; Pubalan Nadaraja; Mohd Noor Ahmad
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Penggunaan polimer yang dicetak secara molekuler untuk ekstraksi mikro fase padat (SPME) dari senyawa bioaktif semakin populer. Ketertarikan pada proses ekstraksi andrographolide yang efisien dari pabrik meningkat karena aplikasi terapetiknya yang luas. Dalam penelitian ini, MIP andrographolide yang dicetak dibuat dengan metode polimerisasi presipitasi menggunakan teknik non-kovalen untuk digunakan sebagai bahan sorben untuk ekstraksi fase padat dari senyawa bioaktif. Perangkat lunak HyperChem 8.0.10 digunakan untuk menyelidiki dan mengoptimalkan template dan rasio monomer fungsional dalam sistem pra-polimerisasi untuk mensintesis polimer yang dicetak. Pemodelan molekul memberikan informasi tentang interaksi molekuler dan energi bebas Gibbs dari kompleks pra-polimerisasi. Berdasarkan studi komputasi, andrografolida, asam metakrilat (MAA) dan etilen glikol dimetakrilat (EGDMA) digunakan sebagai templat, monomer fungsional, dan cross-linker, masing-masing pada rasio 1: 3: 20. MIP dikarakterisasi oleh studi kinetik dan faktor pencetakan. Parameter yang mengikat untuk pengakuan andrografolida dipelajari dengan menggunakan model isoterm adsorpsi Langmuir, Freundlich dan Langmuir-Freundlich. MIP Andrographolide berisi jumlah situs pengikatan maksimum dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 149,59 μg / g. Data eksperimental SPME paling sesuai dengan model isoterm Langmuir-Freundlich dengan nilai R2 0,997. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa MIPs yang disiapkan oleh presipitasi polimerisasi memberikan kemampuan ekstraksi yang baik menggunakan metode SPME. 20 rasio. MIP dikarakterisasi oleh studi kinetik dan faktor pencetakan. Parameter yang mengikat untuk pengakuan andrografolida dipelajari dengan menggunakan model isoterm adsorpsi Langmuir, Freundlich dan Langmuir-Freundlich. MIP Andrographolide berisi jumlah situs pengikatan maksimum dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 149,59 μg / g. Data eksperimental SPME paling sesuai dengan model isoterm Langmuir-Freundlich dengan nilai R2 0,997. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa MIPs yang disiapkan oleh presipitasi polimerisasi memberikan kemampuan ekstraksi yang baik menggunakan metode SPME. 20 rasio. MIP dikarakterisasi oleh studi kinetik dan faktor pencetakan. Parameter yang mengikat untuk pengakuan andrografolida dipelajari dengan menggunakan model isoterm adsorpsi Langmuir, Freundlich dan Langmuir-Freundlich. MIP Andrographolide berisi jumlah situs pengikatan maksimum dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 149,59 μg / g. Data eksperimental SPME paling sesuai dengan model isoterm Langmuir-Freundlich dengan nilai R2 0,997. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa MIPs yang disiapkan oleh presipitasi polimerisasi memberikan kemampuan ekstraksi yang baik menggunakan metode SPME. MIP Andrographolide berisi jumlah situs pengikatan maksimum dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 149,59 μg / g. Data eksperimental SPME paling sesuai dengan model isoterm Langmuir-Freundlich dengan nilai R2 0,997. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa MIPs yang disiapkan oleh presipitasi polimerisasi memberikan kemampuan ekstraksi yang baik menggunakan metode SPME. MIP Andrographolide berisi jumlah situs pengikatan maksimum dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 149,59 μg / g. Data eksperimental SPME paling sesuai dengan model isoterm Langmuir-Freundlich dengan nilai R2 0,997. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa MIPs yang disiapkan oleh presipitasi polimerisasi memberikan kemampuan ekstraksi yang baik menggunakan metode SPME.

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