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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,956 Documents
 158   159   160   161   162 
The Addition of Copper Nanoparticles to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate for Improving the Physical and Antibacterial Properties Muhammad Akram Fakhriza; Bambang Rusdiarso; Siti Sunarintyas; Nuryono Nuryono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.79491

Abstract

The physical and antibacterial properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) have been improved by adding copper nanoparticles (CuNP). The CuNP colloid was synthesized by reacting CuCl2·2H2O and NaBH4 as the reducing agent using C6H8O6 as the capping agent. The Cu(II) concentration was varied by 3.0, 6.0, and 9.0 mM to produce CuNP-3, CuNP-6, and CuNP-9 colloids, respectively. The CuNP colloids were characterized with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and TEM. MTA was hydrated with CuNP at a mass-to-volume ratio of 2:1 to produce Cu-MTA-3, Cu-MTA-6, and Cu-MTA-9, respectively. All products were characterized with XRD and SEM-EDX. The compressive strength, pH, Ca ion release, and solubility were measured, and antibacterial activity was tested. The results showed a spherical shape of the synthesized CuNP with a particle size of ~28.08 nm. Adding CuNP-9 to hydrated MTA increased the compressive strength, pH, Ca ion release, and solubility, with the value of 4.78±0.38 MPa; 9.01±0.03; 1718±63 ppm, and 22.48±0.37%, respectively. The highest antibacterial activity occurred for Cu-MTA-9, with an inhibition zone of 10.15±0.47 mm against S. aureus and 11.93±1.16 mm against P. aeruginosa. The findings show a potential application of the product for endodontic materials containing antibacterial agents.
Adsorption Isotherms for CBY 3G-P Dye Removal from Aqueous Media Using TiO2 Degussa, Fe2O3, and TiO2/(DPC) Shireen Abdulmohsin Azeez; Fadhela Muhammad Hussein; Rasha Wali Mohi Alsaedi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.79706

Abstract

The adsorption of Cibacron Brilliant Yellow (CBY) 3-GP dye onto TiO2 Degussa, Fe2O3, and TiO2 anatase/Diphenylcarbizide in aqueous solution was studied with respect to temperature, contact time, and pH. The CBY 3-GP adsorption at equilibrium increased as the initial dye concentration increased for TiO2/DPC, while it decreased for TiO2 Degussa; however, it increased the initial dye concentration. The best removal efficiency was obtained at 1 mg for TiO2/DPC, TiO2 Degussa, and the amount of adsorption decreases with the rising of temperature. The negative ΔH° reveals the adsorption is exothermic and extremely negative ΔS° for TiO2 Degussa. The negative value for ΔS° indicates a regular increase of the randomness at the TiO2/DPC and Fe2O3 solution interface during adsorption. The intraparticle diffusion, pseudo-first- and second-order kinetic models were used. The Langmuir, Temkin, Freundlich, and Dubbin adsorption models were examined to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The usage of TiO2 Degussa and TiO2/DPC indicates that the equilibrium sorption was favorable.
GC-MS and Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Xanthones from Mammea siamensis Wiyarat Kumutanat; Sakchai Hongthong; Sariyarach Thanasansurapong; Naowarat Kongkum; Napasawan Chumnanvej
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.79987

Abstract

Mammea siamensis (Miq.) T. Anders. (Calophyllaceae) plants have long been employed as an active integral composition in Thai traditional medicine. Additionally, phenylcoumarins and triterpenes were reported as major components in phytochemical research. This work explored the various parts of M. siamensis; barks, flowers, twigs, leaves, and young leaves; to determine their bioactive compounds. By using the GC-MS and bioassay guidance, two xanthones, 6-deoxyisojacareubin (1) and 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (2), together with a mixture of phenylcoumarins, mammea A/AA cyclo D (3) and mammea A/AB cyclo D (4) have been isolated from the methanolic extract of young leaves. Their structures were identified by means of spectroscopic technique and by comparison with literature data. In particular, the current study was the first exposed report of xanthones 1 and 2 from the genus Mammea. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 and the methanolic young leaf extract had high antioxidant efficiency on DPPH and ABTS assays. The young leaf extract provided mild toxicity on the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) with LC50 value of 93.11 ± 1.37 µg/mL. In addition, the isolated compounds 1 and 2 were non-toxicity in BSLT assay. Therefore, the young leaf extract and the purified constituents 1 and 2 should be further studied and developed for using in pharmaceutical industries.
The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Characteristics of Porous Ceramic-Based Natural Clay and Chitosan Biopolymer Precursors Suriati Eka Putri; Ahyar Ahmad; Indah Raya; Rachmat Triandi Tjahjanto; Rizal Irfandi; Harningsih Karim; Susilo Sudarman Desa; Abd Rahman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.80375

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the role of thermal treatment on the crystallinity and pore characteristics of porous ceramic, which was prepared from natural clay (NC) and chitosan (CS) biopolymer using the gel casting method. CS was used as an environmentally friendly pore-forming agent. The applied temperature treatment was based on thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) results and followed a sintering temperature of 900 to 1100 °C. The results showed that at sintering temperatures from 900 to 1000 °C, the crystallinities of the ceramic decrease (from 76.06 to 74.06%) and the crystallite size decreases (from 35.71 to 34.47 nm) while the lattice strain increases (calculated from the Full Width at Half Maximum (β) of the diffraction peak). The highest porosity of ceramic occurred at a sintering temperature of 1000 °C of 37.82 ± 0.19, but the formation of heterogeneous microstructure was observed. The resulting pore size for all temperature treatments was almost mesoporous (19.1 Å). Based on the results obtained, it is emphasized that the sintering temperature can be used to adjust the porosity and microstructure of porous ceramics.
Investigation of Crystal Size Distribution in Purification of Terephthalic Acid from Polyester Textile Industry Waste by Reactive Crystallization Bekti Marlena; Hary Sulistyo; Rochmadi Rochmadi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.80820

Abstract

The purification of terephthalic acid recovered from an alkali-reduction wastewater by reactive crystallization was investigated. The crude terephthalic acid was reacted with sodium hydroxide solution to form a salt of disodium terephthalate, then acidified with sulfuric acid to get the terephthalic acid with higher purity. Effects of time, pH, concentration, and flow rate of secondary feed solutions, temperature, and stirring rate on Crystal Size Distribution (CSD) of terephthalic acid precipitate were investigated. The results showed that CSD was influenced by the concentration of reactants and the pH solution. On the other hand, time, temperature, flow rate of secondary solution, and stirring rate had no significant effects on the CSD, which the mean size of crystals ±3 μm. The mean size of crystals at solution pH 5, 4, and 3 were 6.03, 9.42, and 10.34 μm, respectively; meanwhile, at concentrations of 0.5, 0.3, and 0.1 M, were 7.57, 3.24, and 3.09 μm, respectively. The semi-batch reactive crystallization with double-feeding at constant pH and temperature produced monodispersed crystals. However, this method needs to be carried out more than once for terephthalic acid purification, which is intended for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymerization.
Removal of Heavy Metal Ions Using Pristine and Functionalized Natural Zeolites Khoirul Ihsan Solihin; St Mardiana; Handajaya Rusli; Grandprix Thomryes Marth Kadja
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.81098

Abstract

Heavy metal ions have attracted significant concern regarding their toxicity in living organisms. Concurrently, the removal of heavy metals by the adsorption method is also under the spotlight because it is effective, less cost-demanding, and easy to operate. To date, natural zeolites become one of the most used adsorbents for it is low cost, abundant in reserve, and has high selectivity towards heavy metal. Zeolites possess negatively charged three-dimensional frameworks built by SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedra, which are balanced by counter-cations. The cations within zeolite frameworks can be exchanged with the heavy metal cations in an aqueous environment. This review comprehensively reports the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions using pristine and modified natural zeolite. The important aspects, including the physicochemical properties of pristine and modified natural zeolites, heavy metal ion adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics, are discussed in detail. It is imperative to note that the physicochemical properties of natural zeolites greatly determine the adsorption capability. Furthermore, natural zeolites could be modified with various molecules such as surfactants and polymers to improve the adsorption capacity and adsorb heavy metal anions. Ultimately, this review is concluded with prospects for future improvement.
Synthesis of Co(ll), Ni(ll), Cu(ll), Pd(ll), and Pt(lV) Complexes with 14,15,34,35-Tetrahydro-11H, 31H-4,8-diaza-1,3(3,4)-ditriazola-2,6(1,4)-dibenzenacyclooctaphane-4,7-dien-15,35-dithione, and the Thermal Stability of Polyvinyl Chloride Modified Complexes Ali Mudher Abdulkareem Al-Khazraji
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.81272

Abstract

In the current endeavor, a new Schiff base of 14,15,34,35-tetrahydro-11H,31H-4,8-diaza-1,3(3,4)-ditriazola-2,6(1,4)-dibenzenacyclooctaphane-4,7-dien-15,35-dithione was synthesized. The new symmetrical Schiff base (Q) was employed as a ligand to produce new complexes comprising Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), and Pt(II) metal-ions at a ratio of 2:1 (Metal:ligand). There have been new ligands and their complexes validated by (FTIR), (UV-visible), 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, CHNS, and FAA spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Molar conductivity, and Magnetic susceptibility. The photostabilization technique to enhance the polymer was also used. The ligand Q and its complexes were mixed in 0.5% w/w of polyvinyl chloride in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The photo stabilization of polymer films was studied at 25 °C under irradiation of light λ 380–250 nm with intensity of 7.75 × 10−9 ein dm−3 s−1. The photostabilization activity of these compounds was determined by monitoring the hydroxyl, carbonyl, and polyene indexes, weight loss method with irradiation time. The ICO, IPO and IOH index values increased with irradiation time, this increase depends on the type of additives. The surface morphology for these films was studied during irradiation time. This project is highly intriguing for the ecosystem in regards to the decrease in the consumption of plastic.
The Potential of Clerodendrum paniculatum Leaves Fraction as a 3-Chymotrypsin-Like (3CL) Protease Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Muhammad Arba; Arfan Arfan; Yamin Yamin; Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.81447

Abstract

We described the biological activity of the Clerodendrum paniculatum leaf fraction against the SARS-CoV-2 3-Chymotrypsin-like 3CL protease at the molecular level. This study applied LC-MS/MS to identify bioactive compounds from fractions, computational studies, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays to ascertain their inhibitory activity. LC-MS/MS analysis of the three samples revealed that sample 1 contained 18 compound peaks. In samples 2 and 3, there were 23 and 25 compounds with different molecular weights, respectively. Docking's study identified that the alkaloids (komarovicine and roemerine) have lower binding energies than other metabolites and standard compounds, with values of -33.47 and -32.63 kJ/mol, respectively. Roemerine demonstrated excellent stability based on dynamic simulation results and confirmed its affinity for 3CL protease predicted by the MM-PBSA approach of -89.44 kJ/mol. The FRET method for testing 3CL protease activity revealed that sample 2 had an enzyme inhibitory activity of 94.3%, which was close to that of GC376 (98.19%). Meanwhile, samples 1 and 3 yielded satisfactory inhibition activity by 89.64% and 85.24%, respectively. The antiviral activity of C. paniculatum leaves was discovered for the first time by inhibiting the 3CL protease SARS-CoV-2, providing an excellent opportunity for its development as an anti-SARS-CoV-2.
The Compounds of Tuna-Shredded (Thunnus sp.) Fortified Banana Blossom Extracts’ Antioxidant Activity and Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme Inhibition Capacity: An In Vitro-In Silico Study Heder Djamaludin; Hardoko Hardoko; Muhammad Dailami; Vivi Nurhadianty; Mohammad Sholeh Uluwwi; Novaldo Yuri Muhammad; Tristany Brighton Jorghi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.81448

Abstract

Tuna is one of the fish source of nutrition for humans because it contains high-quality protein and omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial for health. Tuna can be processed into various products, such as tuna-shredded. But it still has a drawback, i.e., the lower-fiber content. To enrich the fiber of tuna-shredded, fortification with banana blossoms can be developed as functional food such as preventing gout arthritis. The aims of this study were to develop a diversified product of tuna-shredded fortified banana blossoms and to determine the antioxidant activity in vitro and anti-arthritis gout through inhibition of the xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme in silico. The method used was a simple, completely randomized design. The formulation of tuna-shredded used fortification and active compounds analyzed by LC-HRMS. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by the DPPH. Inhibition of the XO enzyme was analyzed by molecular docking in silico. The results showed that tuna-shredded extract contained 32 compounds, which had total phenolic was 0.00134 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid was 0.0006670 mg QE/g, and IC50 was 4.38 ppm. Ferulic acid had the potential to inhibit the XO enzyme with binding affinity was -9.70 kcal/mol through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions.
Synthesis of a New DPTYEAP Ligand and Its Complexes with Their Assessments on Physical Properties, Antioxidant, and Biological Potential to Treat Breast Cancer Abbas Fadhil Yasir; Hayder Obaid Jamel
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.81734

Abstract

A new series of complexes of the 2-((1E,2E)-1,2-diphenyl-2-(thiazol-2-ylimino)ethylidene)amino)phenol (DPTYEAP) has been synthesized by the reaction of the ligand with metal chlorides of Ni(II), Cu(II), Pt(IV), and AgNO3 in ethanol as a solvent. The ligand was prepared for the two steps. In the first step, compound (A) was synthesized by reacting 2-aminothiazol with benzil in ethanol. Another step is the preparation of the ligand from the reaction of compound (A) with 2-aminophenol. The structures of the ligand and its complexes were confirmed by FTIR, 1H-13C-NMR, UV-Vis spectra, melting points, molar conductivity (C, H, and N), and magnetic susceptibility. The synthesized complexes were prepared in a 1:2 ratio for Ni(II), Cu(II), and Pt(IV) complexes and a 1:1 ratio (M:L) for Ag(I) complexes. The geometric shape of all complexes is octahedral, except for the Ag(I) complex, which is tetrahedral. The antioxidant test for the prepared compounds was carried out. The anticancer test was conducted for each of the ligands and the platinum(IV) complex, and it was found that the platinum complex is more effective against breast cancer cells (MCF-7); thus, it can be used as a potential drug after studying it well.

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