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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,956 Documents
 160   161   162   163   164 
Triterpenoids from the Stem Bark of Aglaia cucullata (Meliaceae) and Their Cytotoxic Activity against A549 Lung Cancer Cell Line Desi Harneti; Iqbal Wahyu Mustaqim; Darwati Darwati; Al Arofatus Naini; Purnama Purnama; Erina Hilmayanti; Tri Mayanti; Nurlelasari Nurlelasari; Shabarni Gaffar; Rani Maharani; Kindi Farabi; Unang Supratman; Sofa Fajriah; Mohamad Nurul Azmi; Yoshihito Shiono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.78748

Abstract

The Aglaia species, which contains triterpenoids, is the most numerous in the Meliaceae family. The A. cucullata species, of which there are only a few known examples, has received scant research attention. This investigation aims to identify triterpenoids in an n-hexane preparation of A. cucullata stem bark and evaluate their effects against the A549 lung cancer cell line. Five dammarane-type triterpenoids were isolated from the A. cucullata trunk bark, which is (1) (20S)-20-hydroxydammar-24-en-3-one, (2) cabraleone, (3) cabralealactone, (4) eichlerianic acid, and (5) (+)-fouquierol. Their chemical structures were determined using infrared, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance, as well as through data comparison of the reported compounds. Compound 1 was priorly separated from the Aglaia genus, compounds 2–4 were first isolated from the A. cucullata species, and compound 5 has been reportedly isolated from the Meliaceae family and the Aglaia genus. All substances were tested for their lethal potential against the A549 lung cancer cell type. A seco structure in the A ring of dammarane-type triterpenoid might play an important part in the lethal activity of component 4, which showed the greatest activity with an IC50 value of 32.17 µM against the A549 lung cancer cell line.
Effect of Addition of NaCl Salt on Extraction of Essential Oil from Lemongrass Leaves by Microwave Hydro-Distillation Method Fenni Suryanti; Lailatul Qadariyah; Mahfud Mahfud
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.78919

Abstract

Essential oils are compounds extracted from plants and obtained by distillation. Indonesia has many kinds of plant commodities for essential oil production. Among the essential oils that have not been developed in Indonesia is citronella oil which can be extracted from the lemongrass plant this research, we develop Microwave Hydro-Distillation (MHD) method has several advantages over conventional distillation methods: shorter time, higher oil quality and yield. This research proposes to extract citronella oil from lemongrass leaves using the MHD method using aquadest and NaCl solution addition. Operating variables are extraction time (20–180 min), material size (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 cm), feed-to-solvent ratio (0.1; 0.15; and 0.2 g/mL), and microwave power (300, 450, and 600 watts). The essential oil results are analyzed by GC-MS analysis, specific gravity, refractive index, and solubility. The results showed that it increased with extraction time followed by almost constant conditions, tended to decrease with increasing feed-to-solvent ratio, and increased yield with increasing microwave power. The results from the GC-MS analysis, the active substance content of geraniol was 46.61% and citronellal 5.62%. Additional salt in this method is a green and clean essential oil extraction.
Impregnation of Fe3+ into MCM-41 Pores: Effect of Fe3+ Concentration on the Weight Percent of Fe-Frameworks and Fe-Non-Frameworks Suyanta Suyanta; Agus Kuncaka; Mudasir Mudasir
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.79468

Abstract

Silica from rice husks (RH) has been used as a starting ingredient in the sonication synthesis of MCM-41 (RH-MCM-41). The impregnation of Fe3+ into RH-MCM-41 pores to produce RH-MCM-41 containing Fe2O3 and Fe (denoted as Fe2O3-Fe-RH-MCM-41) was carried out by examining the effect of various Fe3+ concentrations on the weight percent of Fe-frameworks (Fe3+ that replaces Si4+ in silicate frameworks) and Fe-non-frameworks, i.e., the iron oxide formed outside the silicate frameworks. Fe2O3-Fe-RH-MCM-41 was washed with a 0.01 M HCl solution to remove Fe-non-frameworks from the materials and give Fe-RH-MCM-41 containing Fe-frameworks. The Fe content in Fe2O3-Fe-RH-MCM-41 (Fe-total) and Fe-RH-MCM-41 (Fe-frameworks) for each sample was determined by an AAS (atomic absorption spectrometer), whereas the content of Fe-non-frameworks was calculated from the difference between Fe-total and Fe-frameworks. The XRD (X-ray diffraction) pattern, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm profile, as well as the TEM (transmission electron microscope) image clearly demonstrate that the RH-MCM-41 exhibits an ordered p6mm hexagonal mesostructure with a large specific surface area and uniform pore size. Based on the weight percents of Fe-frameworks found in each sample, it is clear that the content of Fe-non-frameworks is significantly enhanced compared to that of Fe-frameworks when the more concentrated Fe3+ is used.
Basis Set Effects on the Stabilities and Interaction Energies of Small Amide Molecules Adsorbed on Kaolinite Surface Najwa-Alyani Mohd Nabil; Lee Sin Ang; Shukri Sulaiman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.79795

Abstract

Adsorptions of small amide molecules, acetamide (AA) and N-methyl-acetamide (NMA) on the surface of kaolinite are investigated in this study. The focus is on the basis set effects towards the stabilities and the interaction energies of the molecules on the Al–O surface. With a fixed B3LYP functional, we increased the size of the basis sets for the single-point calculations, to find the converged interaction energies and obtain the relative stabilities. We found that, under the direct usage of Pople-type and Dunning’s correlation consistent basis sets, it is not possible to achieve the pattern of convergence for the interaction energies and the relative stabilities. Compared to the complete basis set (CBS) extrapolation scheme, the double zeta basis sets deviated the most, in the range of 21 to 27%, while it is from 1 to 7% for the triple zeta basis sets. Based on the results, we suggest using 6-311++G(2df,2pd) or cc-pVQZ for energy-related quantities. Compared to AA, NMA attached more strongly by 0.5 eV on the surface of Al–O.
Modifications of Poly(lactic Acid) with Blends and Plasticization for Tenacity and Toughness Improvement Mohd Bijarimi Mat Piah; Mohammad Norazmi Ahmad; Erna Normaya Abdullah; Muhammad Zakir Muzakkar
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.80830

Abstract

This review focuses on the modification of the inherent brittleness of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to increase its toughness, as well as recent advances in this field. The most often utilized toughening methods are melt blending, plasticization, and rubber toughening. The process of selecting a toughening scheme is still difficult, although it directly affects the blend's mechanical properties. There has been a lot of development, but there is still a long way to go before we get easily processable, totally bio-based, 100% biodegradable PLA. The blends of PLA with other polymers, such as plasticizers or rubber, are often incompatible with one another, which causes the blend's individual components to behave in a manner consistent with phase separation. Polymer blending has been shown to be particularly effective in attaining high-impact strength. This review addresses the recent progress in improving the toughened PLA to gain properties necessary for the material's future engineering applications. As 3D and 4D printing becomes more accessible, PLA characteristics may be modified and treated utilizing more sophisticated production techniques.
Rapid Colorimetric Sensor Based on Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized 4-Amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole for Cortisol Detection in Saliva Sample Hanim Istatik Badi'ah; Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih; Ganden Supriyanto; Nasronudin Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.80874

Abstract

The rapid, simple, and selective colorimetric sensing method of cortisol has been successfully developed using AuNPs modified with 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (AuNPs-AHMT). The principle of this method is based on the color change from wine red to purple (redshift) when AuNPs-AHMT interacts with cortisol. The hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group from cortisol and the amine group from AHMT induces the aggregation of AuNPs. The modification of the AuNPs surface with AHMT aims to increase its stability. The properties of AuNPs and AuNPs-AHMT were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer. The interaction between AuNPs-AHMT and cortisol was studied by UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopies. The proposed method was optimized and validated. Au(III) was reduced to AuNPs at an optimum NaBH4 concentration of 1.0 mM. Validation of the proposed method showed good analytical performance with linearity from 1.0–50.0 nM, accuracy 91.07–102.77%, intra-day precision < 2.22% and inter-day precision < 2.17%, detection limit 0.76 nM, quantification limit 2.54 nM, and sensitivity 0.0112 nM/mL. The proposed method also showed good selectivity with the presence of some interferences in the sample. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of cortisol in the saliva by the standard addition method with acceptable recovery.
Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction for Determination of Dyes in Food and Water Samples Ruba Fahmi Abbas; Mohammed Jasim Mohammed Hassan; Ahmed Mahdi Rheima
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.80885

Abstract

Recently, magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) is an important technology due to its use in analytical chemistry, biotechnology, and medicinal fields. MSPE shows rapid isolation of target analyte from large volume samples, the huge surface area of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and simplicity in application due to using an external magnetic field instead of using packing column, centrifuge and filter papers. The aim of this review is to evaluate the extraction and determination of dyes in food and water samples by using the MSPE technique.
Physical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan Films with the Addition of Anthocyanin Extract from Butterfly Pea for Food Packaging Applications Siti Khanifah; Alda Dwi Karina Legowo; Sholihun Sholihun; Ari Dwi Nugraheni
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.80946

Abstract

Composites of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CH) polymers, with the addition of anthocyanin (AN) obtained from the butterfly pea flower, were prepared using drop-casting. The composites were made by adding different concentrations of 5–40% anthocyanin with 5 wt.% PVA and 2 wt.% CH solutions (weight ratio of PVA/CH is 80:20). These polymers solution was mixed at 80 °C and dried using the drop-casting method at 25 °C for 48 h. The composites were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis spectroscopy), contact angle, antibacterial properties, and food packaging applications. The morphology obtained using an SEM showed that the PVA/CH surface with AN and glycerol was smoother than that of PVA/CH. The increased absorption at a wavelength of 650–700 nm from UV-vis spectroscopy confirmed the success addition of AN. The contact angles of PVA/CH/AN and PVA/CH/GS/AN films were 15°–66°, which showed that the films were hydrophilic. The simple antibacterial test with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed 16 mm inhibition zone by adding AN. The test results of these characteristics show the potential for using PVA/CH/AN and PVA/CH/GS/AN composite film to be used as an excellent development food packaging material.
Synthesis of Calix[4]resorcinarene Derivatives as Antimalarial Agents through Heme Polymerization Inhibition Assay Rizky Riyami Putri; Harno Dwi Pranowo; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan; Hana Anisa Fatimi; Jumina Jumina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.81452

Abstract

Malaria is an endemic disease in tropical countries, including Indonesia, with a high annual mortality rate. Because of that, serious attention shall be given to find new antimalarial agents that are highly active for medical treatment. In this work, we designed and synthesized three calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives and evaluated them as antimalarial agents through in vitro heme polymerization inhibitory assay. The calix[4]resorcinarenes were prepared from resorcinol and corresponding aldehyde derivatives in ethanol media through a cyclo-condensation reaction. The calix[4]resorcinarene products were obtained in 31.1–85.1% yield. The synthesized compounds were subjected to structure elucidation using spectroscopy techniques. The antimalarial activity of calix[4]resorcinarene with aromatic substituent (IC50 = 0.198 mg/mL) was higher than the aliphatic ones (IC50 = 0.282–0.814 mg/mL). It was found that all calix[4]resorcinarenes in this work exhibited stronger antimalarial activity than chloroquine diphosphate as the positive control (IC50 = 1.157 mg/mL). The calix[4]resorcinarenes could interact with hydrogen bonding, thus inhibiting the heme polymerization process. These findings demonstrate that calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives are potential antimalarial agents to be developed for effective medical treatment in the near future.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Iron(II) Complex with 2,6-Bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine Ligand and Tetracyanonickelate Anion Fitriani Fitriani; Irma Mulyani; Djulia Onggo; Kristian Handoyo Sugiyarto; Ashis Bhattacharjee; Hiroki Akutsu; Anas Santria
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.81625

Abstract

The complex containing iron(II), 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (3-bpp) as ligand, and tetracyanonickelate as counter anion has been synthesized and characterized. The characterization data suggest the corresponding formula of [Fe(3-bpp)2][Ni(CN)4]·4H2O. Meanwhile, the SEM–EDX analysis image confirms the existence of all elements contained in the complex except the hydrogen atom. The infrared spectra exhibit vibration bands of the functional groups of 3-bpp ligand and [Ni(CN)4]−1 anion. From magnetic property measurement, the complex's molar magnetic susceptibility (XMT) value is 2.65 emu mol−1 K at 300 K, which contains about 75% high-spin state of the Fe(II) complex. Upon lowering the temperature, the XMT value gradually decreases around 1.37 emu mol−1 K at 13 K. It decreases sharply to about 0.73 emu mol−1 K at 2 K. These values reveal that Fe(II) complex is in the low-spin (LS) state. As a result, the complex exhibited spin-crossover characteristics of gradual transition without thermal hysteresis, and the transition temperature occurred below room temperature with a transition temperature (T1/2) close to 140 K. The spin crossover property of the complex is supported by a thermochromic reversible color change from red-brown at room temperature to dark brown on cooling in liquid nitrogen associated with the high-spin to low-spin transition.

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