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ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI JOHN HOWARD TERHADAP IMIGRAN ILEGAL DI AUSTRALIA Dhea T. Lumentut; Yan G. Pelamonia; Johni R.V. Korwa
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 4 No 1 (2020): January - June 2020
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v4i1.1632

This paper aims to analyze Australian Prime Minister John Howard’s foreign policy in responding to illegal immigrants who attempt to enter Australian territory by sea. This study employed library research as well as a qualitative approach. In particular, this study used the theory of foreign policy offered by Walter Calsnaes called ‘a logically tripartite approach’ to analyze Howard’s policy in responding to illegal immigrants. This paper found that Howard’s foreign policy in responding to illegal immigrants was not only state-centric in nature focusing on protecting Australian sovereignty, but the policy also had a purpose to maintain power control. Firstly, Howard was willing to show the world that his leadership was different compared to his predecessors, asserting that Australia should not be regarded as a country of easy destination. Secondly, Howard showed that limiting the number of illegal immigrants was in the best interest of the country to protect Australians. Thirdly, Howard proved that his foreign policy towards illegal immigrants could influence the politics of Australia including federal elections. Lastly, Howard demonstrated his ability in the context of institutional settings by issuing new laws to strengthen his foreign policy. Keywords: Australia, John Howard, Illegal Immigrants, Policy Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan luar negeri Perdana Menteri John Howard dalam merespon para imigran ilegal yang datang ke Australia secara khusus melalui jalur laut. Studi ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan pendekatan kualitatif. Secara khusus, penulis menggunakan teori kebijakan luar negeri yang ditawarkan oleh Walter Carlsnaes yang disebut „a logically tripartite approach‟ untuk menganalisis kebijakan Howard dalam merespon imigran ilegal. Studi ini menemukan bahwa kebijakan luar negeri Howard dalam merespon imigran ilegal tidak hanya bersifat state-centric yang berfokus pada perlindungan kedaulatan negara, tetapi kebijakan itu juga memiliki motivasi untuk mempertahankan kekuasaan. Pertama, Howard ingin menunjukkan pada dunia bahwa ia adalah pemimpin yang berbeda dari pendahulunya dengan menegaskan bahwa Australia seharusnya tidak dipertimbangkan sebagai negara yang dapat dicapai dengan mudah. Kedua, Howard ingin menunjukkan bahwa pembatasan jumlah imigran ilegal adalah capaian kepentingan nasional untuk melindungi komunitas Australia. Ketiga, Howard menunjukkan bahwa kebijakannya terkait imigran ilegal dapat memengaruhi nuansa perpolitikan di Australia khususnya pada pemilihan umum federal. Keempat, Howard menunjukkan kemampuannya dalam konteks pengelolaan kelembagaan dengan mengeluarkan Undang-Undang baru hasil amandemen untuk memperkuat kebijakan luar negerinya. Kata kunci: Australia, John Howard, Imigran Ilegal, Kebijakan

PERSAINGAN CHINA-AUSTRALIA DALAM PEREBUTAN PENGARUH DI KAWASAN PASIFIK Siti Nadjiha Hariri
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 4 No 1 (2020): January - June 2020
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v4i1.1640

The rise of China in the Pacific region is a threat to Australia as a traditional actor who has an important influence and role in the region. The rise of China pushed Australia to increase its role in the region. The Australian Government responded by channeling funds to Pacific countries to build infrastructure, a step taken by the Australian government is considered to counteract China's influence in the Pacific. With a series of major investment funds and development assistance projects, Australia and China are trying to compete with each other to create a network of their power and influence in the Pacific countries. This journal discusses the role of China-Australia in the competition for influence in the Pacific Region, using qualitative methods aimed at describing and analyzing a phenomenon systematically. This method will explain how China's role in the Pacific region increases and Australia's response as one of the traditional actors in the region. The discussion in this journal is the influence of Australia in the Pacific, the increasing role of China and Australia's response to China's rise in the Pacific Region. Keywords: Australia, China, Pacific Islands Abstrak Kebangkitan Cina di kawasan Pasifik menjadi khusus bagi Australia sebagai aktor tradisional yang memiliki kepentingan dan peran penting dikawasan. Kebangkitan China mendorong Australia untuk meningkatkan kembali perannya dikawasan. Pemerintah Australia merespons dengan akan menyalurkan dana ke negara-negara Pasifik untuk membangun infrastruktur, langkah yang diambil oleh pemerintah Australia ini guna untuk menangkal pengaruh Cina di Pasifik. Dengan bantuan dana investasi utama dan proyek-proyek bantuan pembangunan, Australia dan Cina berusaha saling berlomba-lomba untuk menciptakan jaringan koordinasi dan memfasilitasi mereka di negara-negara Pasifik. Jurnal ini membahas tentang Peran Cina-Australia dalam Persaingan pengaruh di Kawasan Pasifik, dengan mengunakan metode kualitatif yang membahas dan menganalisa fenomena yang sistematis. Metode ini akan menjelaskan cara meningkatkan peran Cina dikawasan Pasifik serta respons Australia sebagai salah satu aktor tradisional di kawasan. Terkait pembahasan dalam jurnal ini yaitu Australia di Pasifik, Peran Cina juga respons Australia terhadap China di Kawasan Pasifik. Kata Kunci: Australia, China, Kepulauan Pasifik

PROSES SEKURITISASI PANDEMI SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) DI INDONESIA SERTA IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP HUBUNGAN LUAR NEGERI INDONESIA Rasyid Arifin
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 4 No 1 (2020): January - June 2020
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v4i1.1746

The SARS-CoV-2 or Covid-19 virus pandemic in Indonesia underwent a process of securitization in an effort to eliminate the threat. Securitization is the solution faced by Indonesia Covid-19. This study describes the Covid-19 securitization process in Indonesia. The question of this research is how is the Covid-19 securitization process in Indonesia? The variables used in this study are securitization actors, speech acts, existential threats, object referent, and extraordinary actions to explain the Covid-19 securitization process in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method. Keywords: Securitization, Covid-19, Indonesia, International Relation Abstrak Pandemi virus SARS-CoV-2 atau Covid-19 di Indonesia mengalami proses sekuritisasi dalam upaya untuk mengeliminasi ancaman. Sekuritisasi menjadi solusi yang dilakukan indonesia menghadapi Covid-19. Kajian ini menggambarkan proses sekuritisasi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Pertanyaan kajian ini bagaimana proses sekuritisasi Covid-19 di Indonesia? Variabel-variabel yang dipakai pada kajian ini aktor sekuritisasi, Speech Act, existential threat, refrent object, dan extraordinary measure dapat menjelaskan proses sekuritisasi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Kata Kunci: Sekuritisasi, Covid-19, Indonesia, Hubungan Internasional

Political Economy Analysis of The Rising of South Korean Property Industry:: Push & Pull Factors of Property Industry Capital Movement of Korea to US Darynaufal Mulyaman; Prima Mega Purwatama
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Juli - Desember 2020
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v4i2.2285

Korea is a country that once full of doubts. As time goes by, every sector from Korea are turns out to be huge achievements of the Korean people. Korean pop culture for instance, becomes a crucial driver for Korean economy. Not only Korean pop culture, recently property investor from Korea also becomes a big player in the US, and moreover in the global stage. New study also tells that Korea as global property industry player could exceed China as China’s economy slowing down. Therefore, question how can South Korea's property industry sectors thrive overseas, such as in the U.S.? Arises. This paper would explain the factors behind South Korean property industry performance in US, including push and pull factors through a scope of global capital movement paradigm. Meaningful government supports, big possibilities, and a good investment climate for South Korean property industry plus the right global demands could be some factors behind the rising of South Korean property industry, especially in the US

Contextualising Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) within Strategic Partnership Framework: A Prelimanary Assesment Zulhajnie Wildayanti
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Juli - Desember 2020
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v4i2.2381

Abstract This article explains Indonesia’s rationale to prolong its cooperation with Japan under Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA). This article utilises Wilkin’s Strategic Partnership framework to analyse the phenomenon. Under the aforementioned trade framework, Indonesia is still at disadvantageous position due to non-tariff barriers that is imposed by Japan. This article argues that Indonesia’s decision to prolong the agreement is because Japan – Indonesia economic partnership is intertwined with both parties security and ideological partnership.

ANALISIS KERJASAMA SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (SPREP) TERKAIT PERUBAHAN IKLIM Renaldi Christian Hasahatan Siregar Siagian; Regina Princesa; Rudi Kogoya; Renalda Ester Angkouw; Retta Marito Tambunan
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Juli - Desember 2020
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v4i2.2559

Abstract Climate Action or handling related to climate change is one of the important points of the 17 goals contained in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Climate change has recently become a serious problem in the international world, so it really needs deep attention from every country or region. As is the case in the Pacific Islands region, climate change is a threat that can disrupt sustainable development in this region, especially since there is an issue of rising sea levels which can drown the islands in it. With this climate change problem, one way that can be done is to take action or take action. Based on this background, an intergovernmental body called The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment (SPREP) was formed to deal with problems regarding climate change in the Pacific Islands. The aim of SPREP itself is to promote cooperation in the Pacific region, provide assistance to protect and enhance the environment, and to ensure sustainable development for present and future generations. The framework used in this article is based on the theory of liberalism. Keywords: Pacific Island, SPREP, climate change Abstrak Climate Action atau penanganan terkait perubahan iklim merupakan salah satu poin penting dari 17 tujuan yang terdapat dalam Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Perubahan iklim akhir-akhir ini merupakan masalah yang cukup serius dalam dunia internasional, sehingga sangat dibutuhkan perhatian yang mendalam dari setiap negara ataupun kawasan. Seperti halnya yang terjadi di wilayah Kepulauan Pasifik, perubahan iklim merupakan suatu ancaman yang dapat mengganggu pembangunan berkelanjutan di wilayah ini, terlebih lagi adanya isu kenaikan air laut yang dapat menenggelamkan pulau-pulau didalamnya. Dengan adanya permasalahan perubahan iklim ini, salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu melakukan pergerakan atau tindakan. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, dibentuklah badan antar pemerintah yang dinamakan The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment (SPREP) untuk menangani permasalahan mengenai perubahan iklim di Kepulauan Pasifik. Tujuan dari SPREP itu sendiri adalah untuk mempromosikan kerjasama di kawasan Pasifik, memberikan bantuan untuk melindungi dan meningkatkan lingkungan, serta untuk memastikan pembangunan berkelanjutan bagi generasi sekarang dan masa depan. Kerangka pemikiran yang digunakan dalam artikel ini didasarkan pada teori liberalisme. Kata kunci: Kepulauan Pasifik, SPREP, perubahan iklim

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF CAPACITY BUILDING FOR THE CYBER SECURITY OF THE UNITED STATES IN ASIA Seiko Watanabe
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Juli - Desember 2020
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v4i2.2800

In recent years, cyber-attacks in virtual spaces have been rapidly increasing, and modern centralized states have proven to be incapable of effectively responding to cyber-attacks on their own. To resolve cyber issues, the United States has started cooperating with allied countries such as Japan and the ASEAN countries through Capacity Building (CB). Cyber-attacks include online and physical infrastructures, often referred to as electronic warfare and “hybrid wars.” In this paper, I show the importance of revisiting deterrence theory for cyber security issues. Deterrence theory derives from a traditional International Relations (IR) theory, realism, which emphasizes that states always act to maximize military power. However, in explaining the CB in cyberspace, key concepts and different theoretical frameworks which both scholars of liberalism and neoliberalism advocate, must be incorporated because not only military power, but also economic power has to be taken into account. This paper takes the United States as one case in which infrastructural support in cyberspace is observed. More specifically, I argue that in order for CB to happen, cooperation in cyberspaces must emerge, especially in the realm of economy, legislation, and military support to allied countries. This paper intends to determine the utilities of cyber CB. To do so, I collected data from more than 200 countries and inspected the correlations between cyber-attacks and CB using statistical software R. I also examines other factors such as Internet population, GDP growth rate, war expenditures, economy, military, and law regimes, to determine which are statistically significant in mitigating cyber-attacks. Keywords: cybersecurity, international relations, realism, liberalism, capacity building

The Implementation of People's Republic of China's Maritime Security Strategy to Protect Its Energy Security in the Indian Ocean Region (2015-2019) Anak Agung Perwita
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Juli - Desember 2020
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v4i2.2802

Korea is a country that once full of doubts. As time goes by, every sector from Korea are turns out to be huge achievements of the Korean people. Korean pop culture for instance, becomes a crucial driver for Korean economy. Not only Korean pop culture, recently property investor from Korea also becomes a big player in the US, and moreover in the global stage. New study also tells that Korea as global property industry player could exceed China as China’s economy slowing down. Therefore, question how can South Korea's property industry sectors thrive overseas, such as in the U.S.? Arises. This paper would explain the factors behind South Korean property industry performance in US, including push and pull factors through a scope of global capital movement paradigm. Meaningful government supports, big possibilities, and a good investment climate for South Korean property industry plus the right global demands could be some factors behind the rising of South Korean property industry, especially in the US. Keyword(s): Korea, Property, Industry, Push and Pull Factors, Global Capital Movement

Myanmar Political Instability: A Threat to Southeast Asia Stability Hendra Manurung
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 5 No 1 (2021): January - June 2021
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v5i1.2671

This research aims to explain current Myanmar political instability due to the recent military coup d’état on February 1, 2021 led by General Senior Min Aung Hlaing follow with Aung San Suu Kyi and other pro-democracy elite leaders arrests. Domestically, up to present time, after the military coup, most Burmese supporters of Myanmar's democratization such medical doctors, teachers, traders, civilian political leaders, and university students balked and staged massive demonstrations against the military coup and demanded the return of civilian government authority by the military junta government. This research revealed that this unexpected Myanmar phenomenal political situation has impact on Southeast Asia regional security and ASEAN Unity.

Indonesia-Oman Relationship: Gradually Growing with Many Opportunities Muhamma Zulfikar Rakhmat
Kajian Asia Pasifik Vol 5 No 1 (2021): January - June 2021
Publisher : International Relations Study Program of Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/japs.v5i1.2860

This paper aims to explore the relationship between the Republic of Indonesia and the Sultanate of Oman. Oman is one of the Middle Eastern countries which have strengthened its relationship with Indonesia. In recent years, Jakarta-Muscat ties have gradually developed in various spheres, although the cooperation remains limited compared to Indonesia’s ties with other regional states. Despite these developments, Indonesia’s ties with Middle Eastern countries has received little attention in the literature. This paper thus aims to examine the nature and scope of the relationship between Indonesia and Oman in a number of spheres based on Eberling (2017)’s five-dimensional framework, which includes political-diplomatic relations, economic-trade relations, military- security relations, cultural relations, as well as petroleum-energy relations. At the same time, the paper also intends to identify the opportunities available for the two countries to expand their ties.

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