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Bambang Gonggo Murcitro
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Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu, WR Supratman St. Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371 INDONESIA
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TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration
Published by Universitas Bengkulu
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26210207     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31186/
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
TERRA is a scientific journal that publishes research results related to resource issues and agricultural productivity widely, soil science, plant science, and forest science for land restoration.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Tanah
Articles 80 Documents
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Characteristics of Agricultural Land in the Floodplain Area of the Tarusan Watershed, Pesisir Selatan, West Sumatra Sandi, Nofrita; Gusmini; Yasin, Syafrimen; Herviyanti; Prasetio, Teguh Budi; Rasyidin, Azwar; Nasution, Nur Fadillah
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.1.1-9

Abstract

The numerous rivers and high rainfall in West Sumatra often lead to flooding, which affects several land uses such as settlements, plantations, and agriculture. During floods, water transports various materials from upstream to downstream, such as sand, mud, and clay, which are deposited in certain riverbanks. This study aimed to examine the soil fertility characteristics in the floodplain area. The method used in this research was a survey method with purposive random sampling at two soil depths: 0 – 30 cm and 30 – 60 cm. Samples were taken from two land uses: dryland agriculture and wetland agriculture. The parameters analyzed were texture, organic carbon, bulk density, total pore space, pH in H2O, available P, total N, and exchangeable potassium. The results of the study for each parameter showed that the soil texture in dryland agriculture was sandy loam, while in wetland agriculture, it was clay loam. Organic carbon was classified as low (1.31%–1.62%). Wetland soils had higher porosity (57.67%–61.40%) and lower bulk density (1.01–1.10 g/cm³) compared to dryland soils. Soil pH was acidic (4.52–4.95). Available P, total N, and exchangeable potassium were higher in wetland soils than in dryland soils. In conclusion, the results of the study indicate that the soil properties, both physical and chemical, in wetland agriculture were better than in dryland agriculture, although no significant differences were found.  
Morphological Characteristics and Changes in Chemical Properties of Sandy Soil Under Chili Plants in Erosion-prone Areas, Ternate, Indonesia Aji, Krishna; Hartati, Tri Mulya; Arifin, Tarisa Jasmine; Utami, Kartika
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.1.37-42

Abstract

Sandy soils are characterized by their loose texture, low water-holding capacity, and generally low organic matter content, all of which significantly influence soil chemical properties. Soil chemistry serves as a critical indicator of soil fertility and directly affects plant productivity. This study aimed to analyze both the morphological characteristics and the changes in chemical properties of sandy soils cultivated with chili plants in erosion-prone areas. A descriptive quantitative method was employed, with soil samples collected before planting and after harvest. Sampling followed the standards outlined in the USDA Field Book for Describing and Sampling Soils. The chemical parameters analyzed included soil pH (H₂O), soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus (P₂O₅), and potassium (K₂O). The results indicated measurable changes in all tested soil chemical properties. The sandy soils in the study area were clas sified as Inceptisols, distinguished by horizon differentiation observed in the subsoil layer. Post-harvest analysis revealed increases in organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus levels, while pH and potassium concentrations decreased. These findings suggest that agricultural activity in erosion-prone sandy soils can influence nutrient dynamics, potentially supporting sustainable vegetative conservation practices. Appropriate land management strategies—such as the incorporation of organic matter, implementation of terracing, and adoption of agroforestry systems are strongly recommended to mitigate soil degradation and enhance agricultural productivity. Furthermore, this study supports the objectives of Sustainable Development Goal’s (SDGs) 15, which advocates for sustainable land use to combat soil degradation and promote ecosystem resilience. 
Growth and Yield Performance of Cayenne Peppers in Ultisols Angraini, Dila; Herison, Catur; Simarmata, Marulak; Ganefianti, Dwi Wahyuni; Sukisno; Rustikawati
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.1.43-49

Abstract

Cayenne peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are horticultural commodities with high economic value and increasing market demand, both for household consumption and large-scale processing industries. However, cayenne pepper productivity in Indonesia remains relatively low, partly due to the limited availability of fertile land. One potential solution to this problem is the utilization of marginal lands, including ultisols. Ultisols possess chemical characteristics that are less favorable for optimal plant growth, such as low pH, poor nutrient content, and high aluminum saturation. There fore, this study aimed to obtain information on cayenne pepper genotypes that can adapt well and produce optimally on ultisols. The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu, from May to October 2023, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Observed parameters included plant height, first dichotomous height, stem diameter, number of dichotomous points, total leaf area, shoot dry weight, stomatal density, days to first harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit length and diameter, fruit weight per plant, and percentage of marketable fruits. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% significance level and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the same level. The results indicated significant differences among genotypes in most growth and yield parameters. The genotypes ‘Iggo’ and ‘Lajang’ exhibited superior performance, with the highest dry biomass weight and the highest fruit weight per plant. These findings suggest that the ‘Iggo’ and ‘Lajang’ genotypes hold strong potential for cultivation on Ultisol soils to support sustainable national cayenne peppers production improvement.
Yield Performance of Sorghum Varieties Treated With Organic Fertilizer in Sumbawa Regency Bajhir , Yusuf; Kadafi , Muamar; Purnamasari , Ayu; Khairi, Alfassabiq
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.1.50-56

Abstract

Sorghum is an ancient grain that has good performance and adaptation in extreme condition. The crop is a stress-resilient crop with highly productive NADP-ME type C4 photosynthesis and highly efficient nitrogen and water utilization. Sorghum also requires relatively less water than other important cereals such as maize and wheat. Sorghum cultivation is very suitable to be carried out in Sumbawa Regency because it has the characteristic of low rainfall. The most common obstacle that occurs in sorghum cultivation is not being able to maximize plant genetics and existing nutrients, so that plant yields are low. One of them is by applying organic fertilizer. The interest in the use of organic fertilizers is increasing due to polluting effects of chemical fertilizers in the aerial and soil environment and gradual decline in the soil fertility. The aim of this study was to determine the yield of plants with different doses of organic fertilizers and sorghum varieties in Sumbawa Regency. This research used Split Plot Design consisting of two plots. The main plot three sorghum varieties were evaluated including V1 = Bioguma, V2 = GBE Methane, and V3 = Sweetbetty. The subplot is the application of solid organic fertilizer including T0 = control, T1 = 50 g plant-1, T2 = 100 g plant-1, and T3 = 200 g plant-1. This study had 3 replications and 36 experimental units. The results show that organic fertilizer application doses can cause significant differences in root weight, dry weight, fresh weight, grain weight/plant, weight 1000 grains, productivity, panicle length, and flowering age. Then, different types of sorghum also cause significant differences in grain weight per plant, weight of 1000 grains, and productivity. The best productivity is found at 200 g plant-1 of organic fertilizer. Optimal fertilizer application produces better grain.  
Effects of Vermicompost on Soil Physical Properties, Organic Carbon Content, and the Growth, and Yield of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) on Inceptisols Amertha, Raisha Amanda April; Widiyono, Heru; Utami, Kartika; Barchia, M. Faiz
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.2.57-64

Abstract

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is a root vegetable cultivated year-round, particularly in subtropical and highland regions, serving as a vital source of vitamins and minerals. In Indonesia, favorable environmental conditions—such as temperature, rainfall, humidity, and soil type—support carrot cultivation. Among the dominant soil types, Inceptisols are widely distributed but often constrained by low organic carbon content and suboptimal physical properties. However, studies on the long-term effects of organic amendments, particularly vermicompost, on soil quality and crop performance in highland Inceptisols remain limited. This study evaluated the effects of long-term vermicompost application on selected soil physical properties, organic carbon content, and the growth and yield of carrot plants cultivated on Inceptisols. The experiment was conducted from November 2023 to February 2024 in Air Duku Village, Selupu Rejang Subdistrict, Rejang Lebong District, at an altitude of 1,054 meters above sea level. The site had received vermicompost applications for nine consecutive years. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was employed, with five vermicompost doses (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 tons ha⁻¹), each replicated three times, resulting in 15 experimental plots. Soil and plant analyses were performed at the Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture,University of Bengkulu.Application of 15 tons ha⁻¹ vermicompost significantly improved pF1 (37.89%), soil organic carbon content (4.15%), and root weight per plant (198.68 g). The 20 tons ha⁻¹ dose significantly increased soil permeability (6.17 cm h⁻¹) and total plant weight (36.17 kg plot⁻¹), while 25 tons ha⁻¹ enhanced water retention at pF2 (43.95%) and pF3 (39.63%). These findings demonstrate the potential of vermicompost to improve soil quality and carrot productivity in highland Inceptisols and support its integration into sustainable vegetable farming systems. Full text pdf
Trait Evaluation of 9 Bird’s Eye Chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) Hybrids on Coastal Area Tri Mauli, Emilda; Rustikawati; Catur Herison; Marulak Simarmata; Merakati Handajaningsih
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.2.71-79

Abstract

Soil in coastal areas are less suitable for agriculture due to various constraints causing low soil fertility. Until now, there has been no available bird’s eye chili variety tolerant to coastal stress conditions. This research aims to characterize nine bird’s eye chili hybrids grown on coastal land. The research was conducted on coastal land in Kuala Alam Nusa Indah, Ratu Agung District, Bengkulu, from August 2024 to February 2025. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The traits observed consisted of both quantitative and qualitative variables related to bird’s eye chili growth and yield. Quantitative data were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% and 1% significance level, followed by a Scott-Knott test, α = 5%, to assess data grouping. Qualitative data were descriptively analyzed by comparing with reference to the descriptor for capsicum. The results showed that the tested hybrids differed in all traits. The results showed that the hybrid H3 (A11 × A7) showed the highest production potential with long fruit and large yields despite slower days to flower and a small stem diameter, while hybrid H8 (A39 × A29) excelled more equally in most traits, including fast days to flower, highest plant height and dichotomous height, large stem diameter, large number of branches, high leaf greenness, long fruit with large diameter, and a high fruit weight. Overall, H3 and H8 bird’s eye chili hybrids are potential to be adapted varieties to coastal areas with improvements in several characteristics.  Full text pdf
Effects of Azolla pinnata Compost and Carbonate Lime (CaCO₃) on Soil Chemical Properties, Nitrogen Uptake, and Yield Components of Sweet Corn Grown in Ultisols Yunarto, Febri; Sulistyo, Bambang; Hasanudin, Hasanudin; Listyowati, Esi Asyani
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.2.65-70

Abstract

Ultisols, covering approximately 705,151 hectares in Bengkulu, represent a marginal soil type with considerable agricultural potential. However, they are limited by low nutrient availability, low pH, low organic carbon, and high concentrations of exchangeable aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe). These constraints significantly affect the growth and productivity of crops such as sweet corn, which is sensitive to acidic conditions and nutrient deficiency. Soil fertility improvement through organic matter application and liming is a promising approach. Azolla, an aquatic fern with high nitrogen content due to its symbiosis with Anabaena azollae, was used in composted form. This study aimed to determine the optimum application rates of Azolla compost and carbonate lime (CaCO₃) for improving nitrogen up take, growth, and yield of sweet corn in Ultisols. The treatments consisted of four Azolla compost levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 tons ha-1) and three lime rates equivalent to neutralizing 0, 1, and 2 units of exchangeable Al. A factorial experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by orthogonal polynomial testing. Azolla compost significantly improved soil pH, organic carbon content, stem diameter, plant height, ear weight, biomass (fresh and dry), and nitrogen uptake. Lime applica tion significantly increased soil pH, stem diameter, and plant height. No significant interaction occurred between the two factors. Although positive responses were observed, the yield remained below the potential of the Bonanza F1 variety, likely due to high rainfall and suboptimal treatment levels. These findings support the integration of Azolla compost and lime into soil fertility management practices for sustainable sweet corn production on acidic tropical soils. Full text pdf
Outcrop-Scale Investigation of Geological and Soil Physical Controls on Slope Stability in the Semilir Formation Lovita, Vinni; Aminulloh, Dzikru; Mulyanto, Djoko; Ayu Lidya Permata Putri, Devanda; Kresna Pambayu, Aldio
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.2.87-95

Abstract

Landslides are a major hazard in Indonesia’s volcanic terrains, where highly weathered pyroclastic rocks and intense rainfall frequently trigger slope failures. This study aims to identify geological, geomorphological, and soil physical factors controlling slope stability within the Semilir Formation of Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Field observations and laboratory analyses were conducted to compare outcrops affected by translational landslides with adjacent stable slopes. Key parameters include bedding orientation, soil bulk density, plasticity index, and water retention capacity. The results indicate that dip-slope bedding orientations strongly predispose slopes to translational failure, whereas counter-dip structures enhance stability. Landslide-prone slopes exhibit higher bulk density, lower plasticity, and reduced water-holding capacity, which accelerate saturation and decrease cohesion during intense rainfall. In contrast, stable slopes possess higher plasticity and greater water retention, often reinforced by vegetation roots. These findings highlight the combined role of geological structure and soil properties as reliable indicators of landslide susceptibility. The study’s novelty lies in its outcrop-scale comparative approach within a single volcanic formation, providing practical implications for slope management through vegetation reinforcement, improved drainage, and locally calibrated rainfall thresholds.  Full text pdf
Characterization of Physicochemical Properties of Degraded Inceptisol and Growth Performance of Barangan Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Saputtra, Dimas Candra Dwi; Prawito, Priyono; Habibil, Winaldy Rahmadan; Widiyono, Heru; Fahrurrozi, Fahrurrozi
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics of degraded Inceptisol and the growth performance of Barangan banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) under two soil management systems—tillage and no-till—in Seluma, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Field observations were conducted on a 25 ha banana plantation, with soil samples collected at depths of 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm. Plant growth measurements were taken from two representative plants per plot. Data were analyzed using a randomized complete block design (RCBD), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at α = 0.05. Tillage significantly improved several soil properties, including bulk density, aggregate stability, and nutrient availability. Tilled plots exhibited greater aggregate stability, higher cation exchange capacity (CEC), and increased exchangeable K and available P. The surface layer (0–15 cm) also contained higher total nitrogen and available nutrients compared with deeper soil. For plant responses, tillage enhanced plant height and pseudostem girth, suggesting better soil structure and nutrient uptake, whereas no-till plots produced more leaves. Overall, moderate tillage improved soil physical quality and nutrient dynamics in degraded Inceptisol, thereby supporting superior vegetative growth of Barangan banana. Full text pdf
Effect of Different Concentration of Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Varieties on The Growth and Yield of Red Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in Sandy Soil Setiyawan, Andre; Octavia, Sri Devi
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.8.2.105-113

Abstract

Sandy soils, characterized by high sand content (often exceeding 70-90%), exhibit low nutrient retention, poor water holding capacity, and reduced cation exchange due to their coarse texture and low organic matter. These properties pose significant challenges for red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation, often resulting in suboptimal growth and yield without amendments. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of varying concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer derived from vinasse and different red chili varieties on the growth and yield of red chili plants in such challenging soil conditions. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture, Sarjanawiya Tamansiswa University, Yogyakarta. A 3 × 2 factorial design arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications was employed. The first factor consisted of liquid organic fertilizer concentrations at 5%, 6%, and 7%, while the second factor included two red chili varieties: F1 Gada and Prabu. Growth parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and number of branches. Yield components included fresh and dry plant weight, number of fruits, and fresh fruit weight. The results indicated no significant interaction between fertilizer concentration and chili variety on growth and yield parameters. However, the F1 Gada variety exhibited significantly greater fresh plant weight and number of fruits compared to Prabu. These findings suggest that selecting appropriate chili varieties, such as F1 Gada, combined with optimal liquid organic fertilizer concentration, can improve red chili production in sandy soils. This information is valuable for farmers and agricultural practitioners aiming to enhancecultivation efficiency and yield within sustainable farming systems. Full text pdf

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