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Mesin
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
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Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
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Articles 539 Documents
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KARAKTERISTIK MODUL PENYERAP ENERGI IMPAK MEKANISME INTERNAL INVERSION DAN AXIAL SPLITTING Rachman Setiawan; Muhammad Hisyam Amir; Bambang Sugiharto; Sigit Fajrianto
Mesin Vol. 21 No. 2 (2006)
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Abstract

The application of crashworthiness technology to a vehicle has a main objective of protecting the passenger or cargo from the effects of impact/collision. One of the strategies is by using impact energy absorbing (IEA) modules. Two of the alternatives of IEA modules are metallic tubes with internal inversion and controlled axial splitting mechanism. This paper presents both numerical and experimental approaches to understand the characteristics of the two mechanisms, before using them in design phase. LS-Dyna was used as the numerical simulation software for drop test case. The result of simulation is presented as the relationships between geometrical parameters and the crashworthiness parameters, e.g. impact energy and response force. Some cases are compared with quasi-static and drop test results.
PENGARUH WAKTU AUSTENITISASI PADA PROSES PELARUTAN KARBIDA BAJA MANGAN AUSTENITIK Bambang Widyanto; Achmad Sambas
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 1 (2007)
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Abstract

Austenitic manganese steel is used for components which need good wear resistance and impact resistance. The application examples of austenitic manganese steel castings are in the mining industries such as rock crusher and dredge buckets, and in transportation industry, this material was used in railroad track work such as frog. However as-cast austenitic manganese steel is brittle with low toughness due to the presence of carbides. Hence, the as-cast austenitic manganese steel should be solution treated to dissolve the carbides into austenite phase, to improve its mechanical properties. Additionally, this research is enriched by using thickness parameter, to understand the influence of the dimension. The chemical composition in the casting process is in accordance with ASTM A 128 grade A. The solution treatment processes was done using a step heating procedure at temperature 575oC and 1050oC and determined heating time. Heating temperatures were determined based on Fe-Mn-C phase diagram and by the previous researches. Holding time was determined based on the literature, and heat transfer simulation result. The effects of the solution treatment were observed in the microstructure, grain size, and hardness of the specimens to obtain the optimal solution treatment that can be used. The objective of this research is to find the suitable heat treatment method in order to produce the desirable material properties and in this case, 160HB was obtained.
OPTIMASI PELAPISAN MATERIAL PEREDAM VISKOELASTIK PADA STRUKTUR PELAT ELASTIK I Wayan Suweca; Mokhamad Nuriman Yusuf
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 1 (2007)
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Abstract

This paper discusses a method to optimize the distribution of viscoelastic-damping layer on elastic plate structures. This method is based on well known SUMT (Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique) algorithm. An innovation where elements' strain energy distribution over the plate structure is used to determine the search direction vector. The method models the two layers damped plate as a single layer damped plate. The mechanical properties of single layer damped plate were determined such that they are equivalent to those of two-layers elasticviscoelastic laminate. MSC/Nastran finite element software was used to calculate the dynamic characteristics and the elements' strain energy distribution of the single layer plate. The proposed innovation has successfully determined the optimum distribution of viscoelastic material. The results show that the optimum distribution of viscoelastic material on elastic structure is strongly influenced by structural support type and number of modes retained for the analysis.
KARAKTERISTIK AERODINAMIS DUA SILINDER TERIRIS TYPE 1 YANG TERSUSUN SIDE BY SIDE PADA BILANGAN REYNOLDS SUBKRITIS Indra Herlamba Siregar; Abdul Muis
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 1 (2007)
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Abstract

Experimental studies of aerodynamics characteristics of two cylinders type I in side by side configuration at sub-critical Reynolds number were carried out at open circuit of subsonic wind tunnel. Gap of side by side configuration T/D was varied from 1.1 to 4 and sliced angle both of frontage an behind cylinder at 45°, 53° and 65°. Total drag reduce since gap of cylinders increase for sliced angle 45° and 53° but increase for sliced angle 65°. Bias flow phenomenon showed at close and moderate gap of cylinders tend to symmetries at width gap. Visualization have done with smoke method to get more information about characteristics of two cylinders type I in side by side configuration
KAJI NUMERIK DAN EKSPERIMENTAL PENYERAPAN ENERGI TABUNG ALUMINIUM BERGALUR DENGAN BEBAN AKSIAL Bambang K Hadi; Ichsan S Putra; David Basuki; Yanyan Tedy S
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 1 (2007)
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Abstract

Grooved tubes under axial compression are widely used as efficient energy absorption structures. The energy absorption uses plastic folding mechanisms that are formed during the loading. In this paper, the behaviors of grooved tubes under axial compression loading are discussed. The diameter of the tubes is 100 mm, with 2 mm thickness and the length is 72 mm. The number of grooves is 3 and 7, with the groove's depth is 1 mm. The study uses analytical method, numerical method using explicit dynamic of ABAQUS as well as experimental methods. The results show that increasing the number of grooves will reduce the mean crushing load, Pm. The numerical analysis is able to predict precisely the final plastic folding form of the tubes compared to the experimental results. The difference of Pm among the three methods varies between 1 "“ 20%. Further investigation is needed to reduce the differences. In all the studies conducted here, the mean crushing loads of the experimental data are always greater than both numerical and analytical methods.
PEMBUATAN DAN PENGUJIAN SENSOR ULTRASONIK SEBAGAI FEEDBACK PADA SISTEM KENDALI OTOMATIK PITCH ATTITUDE HOLD U. M Zaeny; T Indriyanto; H Muhammad
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 1 (2007)
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Abstract

Standard altimeter, i.e. static tube, does not work accurate enough for vehicle flying several meters from the ground. One alternative for measuring altitude in this case is using ultrasonic range-meter. This idea is brought further by using two range-meters to measure pitch attitude. Laboratory experiments were conducted to study this idea statically by constructing them in an inclined moving bar and dynamically by arranging them in a Pitch Attitude Hold control system.
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTY MODEL OF WIDE-FLUID PHASE n-BUTANE Chan Sarin; I Made Astina; Prihadi Setyo Darmanto; Haruki Sato
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 2 (2007)
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Abstract

New thermodynamic property model for n-Butane expressed in form of the Helmholtz free energy equation is presented. The formulation consists of eight terms of the so-called ideal-gas part and eighteen terms of the residual part. This is a relatively short equation in comparison to the existing equations, which are widely accepted, including the newly published in year 2006. In its development, available accurate experimental data of fluid properties and theoretical approach from the intermolecular potential were simultaneously considered to insure accuracy and to improve reliability of the equation of state over wide range of pressures and temperatures, especially at low temperatures in which the refrigeration field is concerned. From the coverage of experimental data used in model's development, the validity range is then from triple-point (134.895 K) to temperature of 589 K and pressure up to 69 MPa. The uncertainties with respect to different properties are estimated to be 0.02% in ideal-gas isobaric specific heat, 0.2% in density, 1% in heat capacities, 0.2% in vapor-pressure except at very low temperatures, 0.05% in saturated-liquid density, 0.02% and 0.8% in speed of sound in the vapour and liquid phases, respectively.
SIFAT MAMPU NYALA DAN MASSA OPTIMUM REFRIGERAN CAMPURAN R-290/R-22 SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGGANTI R-22 Ari D Pasek; Aryadi Suwono; Novianti Nugraha; Usman Rosyadi
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 2 (2007)
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Abstract

The limited application of ozone depleting substance (ODS) such as CFC and HCFC refrigerants has encourage researchers to find a new alternative refrigerant. Hydrocarbon refrigerant such as R-290 (propane) has been widely used because it is environmentally friendly, save energy, and drop-in substitute. However, hydrocarbon refrigerants are flammable and categorized as A3 class refrigerant, so that the application of the refrigerants are limited by safety standard. In this research, an effort to lower the flammability of R-290 has been carried out. Series of flammability test have been done to proof that the flammability of R-290 is reduced by mixing it with R-22. Mixture of R-290/R-22 at molar fraction 0.4/0.6, 0.5/0.5, 0.59/0.41 has Lower Flammability Limit (LFL) above 3.5%, so that it can be classified as A2 class refrigerant. The optimum refrigerant charges of the refrigerant mixtures that give the highest COP have also been investigated. The results show that the optimum refrigerant charge of the mixture is lower than R-22 but higher than pure R-290. The system COP of R-290/R-22 mixture is higher than that of R-22 but lower than R- 290 system.
OPTIMISASI PROSES PEMESINAN EDM WIRE CUT UNTUK MODUS GERAK SIRKULAR MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA GENETIK Sigit Yoewono Martowibowo; Adriansyah Adriansyah
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 2 (2007)
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Abstract

Electro Discharge Machining Wire Cut (EDM Wire Cut) is one of non-conventional machining process which is used by many manufacturer industries. Technology development demands this process can produce high quality product with good productivity. To fulfill this demand, optimization of machining processes that involves several variables can be done. When doing the optimization of machining condition, an algorithm using mathematical model is needed to calculate the optimum values of process variables. There are many optimization techniques and methods which can be chosen, one of them is Genetic Algorithm. In this research work, an implementation of Genetic Algorithm in machining process optimization is presented. As the optimization parameters, feed rate and surface roughness selected. Based on the above parameters and considering the capability of the existing EDM Wire Cut, five input parameters are determined with right combination, namely no load voltage, capacitor, on time, off time and servo voltage. The output has been compared to other optimization method and it appears that the Genetic Algorithm shows promising results and thus may be proposed as an alternative tool in machining process optimization.
EFFECTS OF HYDROGEN ADDITION INTO INTAKE AIR ON THE HYDROCARBON EMISSION OF GASOLINE ENGINES AT COLD START CONDITION Arief Hariyanto; Wiranto Arismunandar; Gerard George Engel
Mesin Vol. 22 No. 2 (2007)
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Abstract

Start process, particularly cold start condition is considered important to be focused in terms of emission reduction due to high unburned hydrocarbon (HC) concentration in the exhaust gas. Several methods have been proposed and implemented for reducing exhaust gas emission during starting condition. In this paper will be discussed the addition of hydrogen into intake air in order to reduce the level of HC emission during cold start condition. Using this method, the combustion process during starting will be improved to produce better combustion. This paper describes an experiment conducted to find the optimal amount of hydrogen added on start process at various coolant temperatures, which is effective to reduce the total HC concentration at each start temperature, respectively. The results show that the HC concentration in the exhaust gas is influenced by the temperature of engine and can be reduced significantly by hydrogen addition into intake air.

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