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Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Nusa Bangsa
ISSN : 20863446     EISSN : 2621508X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Jurnal Sains Natural is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication with the objectives to explore the knowledge about natural sciences. This journal incorporates not only all branches of chemistry and biology, but also sub-disciplines like Biochemistry, Polymer, Agricultural chemistry, Environmental chemistry, etc.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): Sains Natural" : 6 Documents clear
Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate Level in Wastewater Discharge from Smoked Fish Industry Wina Yulianti; Ima Kusumanti; Nurul Jannah
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (485.586 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v12i1.323

Abstract

This research aimed to determine nitrite and nitrate contamination in wastewater discharge from the smoked fish industry around the fishpond area in Penatarsewu village, Sidoarjo East Java. Samples were taken from ten locations along The Alo River from September to November 2020. Nitrate and nitrite levels were determined by the Standard Method for Examination of Water and Wastewater 4500-NO2-B dan 4500-NO3-B. Nitrite formed a reddishpurple azo dye produced by coupling diazotized sulfanilamide with N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylene-diamine dihydrochloride after a visible spectrophotometer measured the complexes nitrite at wavelength 543 nm. Meanwhile, the Nitrate level was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 220 nm. The standard nitrite calibration curve was shown by the line equation y= 3,30361x-0,0028 and a determination coefficient of 0.9999. Whereas the standard nitrate was showed by the line equation y=0,2507x + 0,0067 and a determination coefficient 0,9996. The level of nitrate and nitrite in the sample ranged from 0.05-0.93mg / L 1,2-1,6 mg / L. According to a quality standard threshold value for nitrite and nitrate-based on the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia (PPRI) No.82 2001 is 0,06mg/L and 10 mg/L, therefore it can be concluded that some samples are above the threshold value for nitrite level.Keywords: Alo River,  nitate,  nitrite,  smoked fish,  spectrophotometerPenentuan Kadar Nitrit dan Nitrat Pembuangan Limbah Cair Industri Ikan AsapABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat kontaminasi nitrat dan nitrit pada limbah industri ikan asap di sekitar kawasan tambak ikan asap di Desa Penatarsewu, Sidoardjo, Jawa Timur. Sampel diambil dari 10 titik  di areal sekitar tambak sepanjang badan Sungai Alo pada bulan September sampai November 2020. Penentuan kadar nitrat dan nitrit mengacu pada Standard Methods for the Examination Water and Wastewater 4500-NO2-B dan 4500-NO3-B. Nitrit membentuk kompleks ungu kemerahan yang dihasilkan dari kopling sulfanilamida dengan N-(1-naptil)-etilena-diamina dihidroklorida kemudian kadarnya ditentukan dengan spektrofotometer sinar tampak pada panjang gelombang 543 nm. Kadar nitrat ditentukan menggunakan spektrofotometer ultraviolet pada panjang gelombang 220 nm. Hasil pengukuran standar nitrit menghasilkan persamaan garis y=3,30361x-0,0028 dengan koefesien determinasi 0,999 dan standar nitrat menghasilkan persamaan garis y=0,2507x+0,0067 dengan koefesien determinasi 0,9996. Kadar nitrit dan nitrat secara berturut-turut berkisar antara 0,05-0,93 mg/L dan 1,2-1,6 mg/L. Berdasarkan nilai ambang batas baku mutu nitrit dan nitrat berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia (PPRI) No.82 tahun 2001 adalah 0,06 mg/L dan 10 mg/L, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa beberapa sampel mengandung kadar nitrit  di atas ambang batas.Kata kunci : ikan asap, nitrat, nitrit, Sungai Alo, spektrofotometer
Application of The Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) Method in Zinc Analysis Nabilah Bilqis; Erni Sulistiawati; Miftakh Nur Rahman
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (365.889 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v12i1.321

Abstract

Zinc is a nutrient that affects cell growth, helps the body's metabolism, activates T cells (T lymphocytes), cell regeneration, and repairs body tissues. Zinc in the body undergoes a process of excretion every day, therefore daily intake of zinc needs to be considered to maintain the amount of zinc in the body in a normal amount. This study aimed to obtain information on the application of the Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method to determine the concentration of zinc in the serum of pregnant women. The application of Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method in zinc analysis provided the advantages of a minimal sample volume requirement with higher instrument sensitivity, fast retention time and had a concentration detection limit of up to parts per billion (ppb). Analysis of the zinc concentration in the serum of pregnant women using the ICP-MS method showed 80% serum with a concentration below the reference value, 13.3% normal and 6.7% a concentration higher than the WHO reference value.Keywords: defisiensi zink, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp-ms), zinkAplikasi Metode Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) Dalam Analisis ZinkABSTRAKZink adalah salah satu jenis zat gizi yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan sel, mengaktifkan sel T (limfosit T), regenerasi sel, dan membantu metabolisme tubuh. Zink di dalam tubuh setiap harinya mengalami proses ekskresi oleh karena itu asupan harian zink perlu diperhatikan untuk menjaga jumlah zink di dalam tubuh tetap dalam jumlah yang normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi penggunaan metode Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) untuk menentukan konsentrasi zink dalam serum ibu hamil. Penggunaan metode ICP-MS dalam analisis zink memberikan keuntungan berupa kebutuhan volume sampel minimal dengan sensitivitas alat lebih tinggi, waktu retensi yang cepat serta memiliki batas limit deteksi konsentrasi hingga bagian per triliun (ppt). Analisis konsentrasi zink dalam serum ibu hamil dengan metode ICP-MS menunjukan 80% serum dengan konsentrasi dibawah nilai rujukan, 13,3% normal dan 6,7% konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan nilai rujukan menurut WHO.Kata kunci : defisiensi zink, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp-ms), zink
Optimization of Copper Dissolution from Electronic Waste Printed Circuit Board Using Leaching Method Faradisa Athalla; Erni Sulistiawati; Iwan Setiawan
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (468.735 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v12i1.322

Abstract

Electronic waste contains hazardous materials which have an adverse impact on the environment. Therefore, a solution is needed to recycle electronic waste. One solution is recovering copper metal from the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) in electronic waste. The dissolution of copper is carried out by the leaching method, which means dissolving copper using a selective solvent. Analysis of copper was performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). This experiment aims to determine the factors that influence the optimization of copper dissolution from PCB electronic waste by leaching method and analysis the copper content using ICP-OES. The primary data obtained is the per cent recovery of each factor that affects copper dissolution, which is the concentration of sulfuric acid as a solvent, the percentage of solid / liquid, the speed of stirring, the temperature, and the length of stirring. The optimum conditions were achieved in the form of the highest recovery in each variation, which is 9.8% sulfuric acid, 5% solid/liquid percentage, 200 rpm stirring speed, and at temperature 60 °C with a stirring time of 120 minutes, the per cent recovery was obtained respectively 79.83%; 74.86%; 76.52%; and 54.84%.Keywords: electronic, waste,  PCB, dissolution, copper Optimalisasi Pelarutan Tembaga dari Limbah Elektronik Printed Circuit Board dengan Metode LeachingABSTRAKLimbah elektronik mengandung bahan-bahan berbahaya yang berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan solusi untuk mendaur ulang limbah elektronik salah satunya adalah pengambilan kembali atau recovery logam tembaga dari Printed Circuit Board (PCB) pada limbah elektronik. Pelarutan tembaga dilakukan dengan metode leaching, yaitu dengan melarutkan tembaga menggunakan pelarut yang selektif. Analisis terhadap kadar tembaga dilakukan menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada optimalisasi pelarutan tembaga dari limbah elektronik PCB dengan metode leaching dengan analisis terhadap kadar tembaga menggunakan ICP-OES. Data primer yang diperoleh adalah persen recovery dari setiap faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pelarutan tembaga, yaitu konsentrasi asam sulfat sebagai pelarut, persentase solid/liquid, kecepatan pengadukan, suhu, dan lama pengadukan. Kondisi optimum yang dicapai berupa recovery tertinggi pada setiap variasi, yaitu pada 9,8% asam sulfat, persentase 5% solid/liquid, kecepatan pengadukan 200 rpm, dan suhu pada 60 °C dengan lama pengadukan 120 menit diperoleh persen recovery secara berturut-turut 79,83%; 74,86%; 76,52%; dan 54,84%.Kata kunci : elektronik, limbah,  PCB, pelarut, tembaga
The Effectiveness of Chlorine Tablets to Reducing Coliform in Wastewater Treatment Plant Sri Arofah Mulyati; Mia Azizah; Srikandi Srikandi; Maidaswar Maidaswar; Neneng Atikah
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (470.281 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v12i1.340

Abstract

Wastewater originating from experimental animal cages that are not treated properly can be a source of pollution because it contains organic, inorganic materials and even pathogenic microorganisms. Disinfection using chlorine is the last step in the wastewater treatment process to reduce microorganisms. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of chlorine tablets in reducing the content of Coliform from experimental animal cage wastewater at the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) to meet the Total Coliform quality standard in the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry No. 68 of 2016 concerning domestic wastewater quality standards. The research was conducted using laboratory experiments pre and post-test. Wastewater samples were taken from 2 points, namely, the point inlet (before treatment) and outlet (after chlorination), the MPN test Coliform (SNI 2897 2008) were repeated twice, and the measured pH and temperature to analyze environmental factors. The results showed that 200 g of chlorine tablets could effectively reduce Coliform up to 98.55% and meet the quality standards used as a reference.Keywords: Coliform, Chlorine, Wastewater, WWTP, Quality standard Efektivitas Tablet Klorin Dalam Menurunkan Kandungan Coliform Pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air LimbahABSTRAKAir limbah yang berasumber dari kandang hewan coba yang tidak diolah dengan tepat dapat menjadi sumber pencemaran karena mengandung bahan organik, anorganik bahkan mikroorganisme pathogen. Desinfeksi meggunakan klorin merupakan tahapan terakhir pada proses pengolahan air limbah untuk mengurangi mikroorganisme. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas tablet klorin dalam menurunkan kandungan Coliform dari air limbah kandang hewan coba di Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) agar memenuhi baku mutu Total Coliform dalam Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan No. 68 Tahun 2016 tentang baku mutu air limbah domestik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan eksperimen laoboratorium pre dan post test. Sampel air limbah diambil dari 2 titik yaitu titik inlet (sebelum pengolahan) dan outlet (sesudah klorinasi), uji MPN Coliform (SNI 2897 2008)  dilakukan dua kali ulangan, serta mengukur pH dan suhu untuk menganalisis faktor lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tablet klorin sebanyak 200 g efektif dapat menurunkan Coliform hingga 98,55 % dan memenuhi baku mutu yang dijadikan acuan.Kata Kunci: Coliform, Klorin, air limbah, IPAL dan baku mutu.
Utilization of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Leaves Extract from Bogor Regency as Free Radical Scavenging Activity Novi Fajar Utami; Usep Suhendar; Anisa Hidayatul Amini
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1373.908 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v12i1.327

Abstract

Binahong leaves contain flavonoid and polyphenol compounds that are potentially free radical scavengers. Extraction using ultrasonic has been carried out at various extraction times and temperatures. The purpose of this study was to obtain the optimum time and temperature of ultrasonic for yield and free radical scavenging activity of binahong leaves using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the Central Composite Design method. Binahong leaves were extracted at three levels of time (10, 20, 30 minutes) and temperature (40, 45, 50°C) with a frequency of 40 kHz using an ultrasonic bath. The results showed at a temperature of 45°C for 20 minutes obtained the highest yield of 10.44%, with a predictive value of RSM 10.15%. At a temperature of 40°C for 30 minutes, the optimum value of the free radical scavenging activity of binahong leaf extract was obtained. The percent inhibition value was 55.92%, with a predictive value of 48.85%. Based on the results, the temperature and time variables have a significant effect on the percentage of extract yield and have no significant effect on free radical scavenging activity.Keywords:  Binahong, Response surface methodology, Yield, free radical scavenging activityPemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia ) Asal Kabupaten Bogor Sebagai Penangkal Radikal BebasABSTRAKDaun binahong memiliki senyawa flavonoid dan polifenol yang berpotensi sebagai penangkal radikal bebas. Telah dilakukan ekstraksi dengan menggunakan bantuan gelombang ultrasonic yang dilakukan dengan berbagai waktu dan suhu ekstraksi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu diperolehnya waktu dan suhu optimum ekstraksi berbantu gelombang ultrasonik terhadap rendemen ekstrak dan aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas daun binahong dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) metode Central Composite Design. Daun binahong diekstraksi dengan 3 taraf waktu (10, 20, 30 menit) dan suhu (40°C, 45°C, 50°C) dengan frekuensi 40 kHz dengan menggunakan ultrasonic bath. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada suhu 45°C pada waktu 20 menit diperoleh hasil rendemen ekstrak tertinggi yaitu 10,44% dengan nilai prediksi RSM 10,15% dan pada suhu 40°C dengan waktu 30 menit diperoleh nilai optimum terhadap aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas ekstrak daun binahong yaitu diperoleh nilai persen inhibisi 55,92% dengan nilai prediksi 48,85%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa variabel suhu dan waktu hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase rendemen ekstrak dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap aktivitas penangkalan radikal bebas.Kata kunci: Binahong, Response surface methodology, Rendemen ekstrak, Aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas
Isolation and Molecular Identification of Endophytic Bacteria of Clove Leaf (Syzygium aromaticum L) and Mechanism of Action Antibacterial Sogandi Sogandi; Irviyani Irviyani; Usep Suhendar
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1013.531 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v12i1.326

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that live in plant parts. Endophytic bacteria from clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) leaves with antibacterial activity are rarely reported. Therefore, this study aims to isolate endophytic bacteria from clove leaves (Syzygium aromaticum L.), screen and determine potential endophytic bacteria as antibacterial compounds, identify molecularly with 16S rRNA, analyze bacterial growth curves and detect bioactive compounds produced by potential bacteria. Endophytic bacteria were isolated as many as 7 pure isolates including IRV1, IRV2, IRV3, IRV4, IRV5, IRV6, IRV7. IRV3 isolates showed the most dominant activity in inhibiting the growth of test bacteria and as the most potential producer of antibacterial compounds. Molecular identification with PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification in the 16S rRNA gene showed IRV3 isolate as Staphylococcus sp. with a 99% similarity value. Besides, the results of GCMS analysis of secondary metabolites of IRV3 isolates showed pyrazine content as a dominant compound, which has been known as a bioactive compound in inhibiting bacterial growth. Therefore, the results of this study revealed that IRV3 isolates that were successfully isolated and identified would be able to contribute to further research to find new antibiotic sources.Keywords: Antibacterial, Endophytic, Clove Leaves, Bioactive, Syzygium aromaticumIsolasi dan Identifikasi Molekuler Bakteri Endofit Daun Cengkeh (Syzigium aromaticum L) dan Mekanisme Aksinya Sebagai AntibakteriABSTRAKBakteri endofit adalah mikroorganisme yang hidup di dalam bagian tanaman. Bakteri endofit dari daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) dengan aktivitas antibakteri masih jarang dilaporkan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi bakteri endofit dari daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.), skrining dan menentukan bakteri endofit potensial sebagai penghasil senyawa antibakteri, mengidentifikasi secara molekuler dengan 16S rRNA, menganalisis kurva pertumbuhan bakteri dan mendeteksi senyawa bioaktif yang diproduksi oleh bakteri potensial. Bakteri endofit yang berhasil diisolasi sebanyak 7 isolat murni diantaranya IRV1, IRV2, IRV3, IRV4, IRV5, IRV6, IRV7. Isolat IRV3 menunjukkan aktivitas yang paling dominan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji dan sebagai penghasil senyawa antibakteri yang paling potensial. Identifikasi molekuler dengan amplifikasi PCR (polymerase chain reaction) pada gen 16S rRNA menunjukkan isolat IRV3 sebagai Staphylococcus sp. dengan nilai similaritas 99%. Selain itu, hasil analisis GCMS dari metabolit sekunder isolat IRV3 menunjukkan kandungan pirazin sebagai senyawa dominan, yang telah dikenal sebagai senyawa bioaktif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa isolate IRV3 yang berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi akan dapat berkontribusi pada penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menemukan sumber antibiotik baru.Kata kunci: antibakteri, endofit, daun cengkeh, bioaktif, Syzigium aromaticum

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