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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences

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ISSN : 08537291 EISSN : 24067598 DOI : -

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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.

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Water Quality and Sediment Profile in Shrimp Culture with Different Sediment Redox Potential and Stocking Densities Under Laboratory Condition Wiyoto Wiyoto; Sukenda Sukenda; Enang Harris; Kukuh Nirmala; Daniel Djokosetiyanto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 21, No 2 (2016): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Sediment quality has been considered as one of the prime factors influencing the environment quality that support maximum shrimp production.The aim of the study was toevaluate the effects of sediment redox potential and shrimp stocking density on the profile of some sediment and water quality parameters. Two factors randomized factorial design was applied, with stocking density (60 and 120 shrimps.m-2) as the first variable and sediment redox potential (-65 mV, -108 mV and -206 mV) as the second variable. Some significant changes in TP, total Mn, and total S concentrations in the sediment were observed after the experimentation (P<0.05). Sediment redox potential significantly affected the dissolved oxygen, TAN, NO2, NO3, and H2S concentrations in the water. Whereas shrimp stocking density affected all water quality parameters except H2S concentration. Significant interactions between redox potential and stocking densities were observed in the nitrite and alkalinity concentrations. The significant effects of both shrimp density and redox potential on the sediment and water parameters in particular those that are known to directly affect the shrimp welfare (e.g. oxygen, ammonia, nitrite and H2S) indicate that these variables are of important aspects in shrimp pond management. Furthermore, the results clearly showed that -206mV redox potential significantly reduced the dissolved oxygen concentration in the sediment-water interface and increased the generation of H2S in water column. Thereby, this redox potential level is not advisable for shrimp culture system. Keywords: redox potential, stocking density.

Deliniasi Batas Biogeofisik Wilayah Daratan Pesisir Baskoro Rochaddi; Ibnu Pratikto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 11, No 1 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Perencanaan untuk pengelolaan kawasan pesisir memerlukan batasan dan deskripsi mengenai kawasan daratan pesisir yang jelas. Permasalahan yang ada di Indonesia pada umumnya dan Kota Semarang pada khususnya adalah belum ditetapkannya batas wilayah pesisir baik untuk perencanaan maupun operasionalnya, sehingga sampai sekarang wilayah daratan pesisir masih diperlakukan sama seperti wilayah daratan lainnya. Maka dari itu penelitian untuk mencari batas daratan pesisir, sangat penting dilakukan di Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan batas wilayah daratan pesisir di Kota Semarang dengan pendekatan biofisik. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan pada tanggal 21 Agustus -30 September 2004. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah Kota Semarang, meliputi tiga sungai yaitu Sungai Plumbon, Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat, dan Sungai Banjir Kanal Timur. Adapun data intrusi air asin pada akuifer air tanah dangkal berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan pada tahun 2000. Materi penelitian meliputi parameter biologi (makrozoobenthos, fitoplankton, dan mangrove) dan parameter fisik (jangkauan masuknya air laut di sungai, intrusi air laut pada akuifer dangkal, kajian teoritis geologi). Dari hasil analisis kedua parameter tadi, maka selanjutnya dapat ditarik batas wilayah daratan pesisir di daerah Kota Semarang. Hasil dari tumpang tindih peta berdasarkan parameter jangkauan masuknya air laut di sungai, intrusi air laut pada air tanah dangkal, makrozoobenthos, fitoplankton dan mangrove menunjukkan bahwa batas daratan pesisir Kota Semarang secara biofisik untuk Semarang bagian barat adalah 1,7 -2,2 Km dari garis pantai, Semarang bagian tengah 1,9 -3,5 Km dari garis pantai dan untuk Semarang bagian timur 2,4 -4,8 Km dari garis pantai. Kata kunci: batas biofisik, daratan pesisir, Semarang The delineation and description of coastal land are needed in coastal planning and management. The main problem in Indonesia especially in Semarang is the delineation for planning and operation unsettled yet. Until now coastal land still treated like others land region. Because of that the research to seek the delineation of coastal land is very important to be done. The objective of this research is to determine delineation of coastal land in Semarang by biophysical approach. The research was conducted in August 21st -September 30th 2004 in Semarang including 3 rivers which are Plumbon River, Banjir Kanal Barat River, and Banjir Kanal Timur River. The data of intrusion sea water in unconfined aquifer is based on the research in 2000. The materials of these researches were biology parameters such as (macrozoobenthos, Phytoplankton and mangrove) and physical parameters (intrusion of sea water in river, intrusion of sea water in unconfined aquifer and study of theoretical geology). Base on analysis of the parameters can be determining the delineation of coastal land in Semarang. The results of over lay map based on intrusion of sea water in river, intrusion of sea water in unconfined aquifer, macrozoobenthos, phytoplankton and mangrove parameters shows that delineation of coastal land in west part of Semarang was 1, 7 -2.2 Km from coastal line, central part of Semarang was 1, 9 -3, 5 Km from coastal line, east part of Semarang was 2, 4 -4, 8 Km from coastal line. Key words: biophysical delineation, coastal land, Semarang

Aktivitas Makan dan Pertumbuhan Bulu Babi Deadema setosum Akibat Paparan Logam Berat Kadmium (Feeding Activity and Growth Sea Urchins Deadema setosum Due to Heavy Metal Cadmium Exposure) Dominggus Rumahlatu
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 17, No 4 (2012): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Kadmium (Cd) dikenal sebagai logam berat nonesensial bagi tubuh dan dapat mempengaruhi berbagai aktivitas biota laut, seperti aktivitas makan dan pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji aktivitas makan dan pertumbuhan bulu babi Deadema setosum akibat paparan Cd selama 4 minggu. Selain itu, dilihat juga bioakumulasi Cd pada gonad dan usus D. setosum yang diteliti melalui paparan logam berat Cd pada air laut. Pola akumulasi Cd yang terkandung dalam gonad dan usus dianalisa dengan menggunakan Atomic Absorbsion Spectrofotometer (AAS). Hasil perhitungan pola akumulasi Cd pada usus dan gonad menunjukkan pola yang sama, dimana Cd semakin meningkat selama fase akumulasi, berturut-turut mulai dari pengamatan hari ke 7, 14, 21, dan 28, yakni sebesar 0.08, 0.16, 0.21, 0.32 ppm untuk usus dan 0.06, 0.11, 0.16, dan 0.30 ppm untuk gonad. Selain itu, hasil pengamatan aktivitas makan berdasarkan lamanya waktu makan D. setosum pada bak perlakuan dengan konsentrasi Cd 1.0, 6.0, dan 12.0 μg/L menunjukkan bahwa D. setosum lebih banyak diam, sedikit melakukan aktivitas makan, dan rentang waktu makannya semakin lama, namun pada bak dengan konsentrasi Cd 1.0 < 6.0 < 12.0. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa aktivitas makan D. setosum dipengaruhi oleh adanya akumulasi Cd yang berakibat pada perlambatan pertumbuhannya.Kata kunci: logam berat, kadmium, aktivitas makan, pertumbuhan, Deadema setosumCadmium (Cd) is known as a nonessential heavy metal for the body and can affect a variety of marine activities, such as feeding activity and growth. This research was conducted to assess the feeding activity and growth of the sea urchin Deadema setosum exposure to Cd for 4 weeks. In addition, the views also bioaccumulate Cd in gonads and intestine D. setosum studied through exposure to heavy metals Cd in sea water. Cd accumulation patterns contained in the gonads and intestines analyzed using Atomic Absorbsion Spectrofotometer (AAS). The results of the calculation of the accumulation pattern of Cd in the gut and gonad showed a similar pattern, where Cd has increased during the accumulation phase, respectively, starting from the observation days 7, 14, 21, and 28, ie at 0.08, 0.16, 0.21, 0.32 ppm for intestine and 0.06, 0.11, 0.16, and 0.30 ppm for gonads. In addition, observations feeding activity based on the length of time to eat D. setosum the bath treatment with Cd concentrations of 1.0, 6.0, and 12.0 μg/L showed that D. setosum more silent, less feeding activity, and the longer the feeding period, but in the tank with Cd concentrations 1.0<6.0<12.0. This indicates that the D. setosum feeding activity influenced by the presence of Cd accumulation resulting in its deceleration of growth.Key words: heavy metal, cadmium, eating activity, growth, Deadema setosum

Asosiasi Krustasea di Ekosistem Padang Lamun Perairan Teluk Lampung Rianta Pratiwi
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 15, No 2 (2010): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat interaksi fauna krustasea yang berassosiasi dengan ekosistem padang lamun. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menarik jaring menggunakan beach seine dan koleksi bebas menyusuri pantai. Data yang diambil dari penelitian ini adalah data krustasea dan data pendukung lingkungan (suhu, pH dan salinitas). Analisa data meliputi kepadatan krustasea, indeks keranekaragaman (H’), keseragaman (E), dominansi (C), pola penyebaran (indeks morisita) dan asosiasi krustasea dengan habitatnya (lamun). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan parameter lingkungan perairan di habitat lamun relatif baik untuk kehidupan krustasea dan lamun. Hasil Beach Seine diperoleh 310 individu krustasea yang terdiri dari 15 suku dan 57 jenis. Kepadatan krustasea di setiap lokasi berbeda-beda. Pola penyebaran krustasea cenderung lebih banyak mengelompok daripada acak. Indeks keseragaman cukup tinggi yang menggambarkan bahwa penyebaran individu relatif sama. Indeks dominansi pada penelitian ini termasuk rendah. Stasiun-stasiun tertentu memiliki kesamaan parameter suhu, pH, salinitas dan jenis krustaseanya. Dengan diperolehnya data keanekaragaman dan pola sebaran krustasea di ekosistem lamun pengamatan secara periodik perlu dilakukan karena krustasea merupakan salah satu rantai makanan dalam ekosistem dan dapat dimasukkan sebagai kriteria bagi konsep kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan pesisir Teluk Lampung. Kata kunci : Krustasea, asosiasi, keanekaragaman, padang lamun, Teluk LampungThis aims of this study is to see the interactions of crustacean fauna that live associated in seagrass beds. The study was conducted by using a Beach Seine net and free collection along the coast. Analyzed data from crustaceans and data of environmental parameters (temperature, pH and salinity). The data analysis included the density of crustaceans, diversity index (H'), similarity index (E), dominance index (C), the pattern of spread (index morisita) and crustaceans associated with habitat (seagrasses). The results from Beach Seine obtained 310 individual crustaceans consisting of 15 family and 57 species. The results showed the water environmental parameters in seagrass habitats are relatively good for the life of crustaceans and seagrass. Crustacean density at each location is different. The pattern of spread of crustaceans tend to be more clumped than random. Similarity index high enough to illustrate that the distribution of the individual were relatively the same. Dominance index was low in this research. Certain stations have the same parameters of environmental conditions (temperature, pH and salinity) and the species of crustacean. By obtaining data diversity and distribution patterns of crustaceans in seagrass ecosystems more rightly should be periodically examined, because crustacean is one of the food chain in the ecosystem. Thus, this aspect should be included as a criterion for the concept of coastal area management policies in Lampung Bay. Key words: Crustacea, association, diversity, seagrass beds, Lampung Bay.

Glutathione (GSH) Production as Protective Adaptation Against Light Regime Radiation of Symbiodinium Natural Population Moh Muhaemin; Dedi Soedharma; Hawis H Madduppa; Neviaty Putri Zamani
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 22, No 3 (2017): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Glutathione (GSH), as a wide range of low molecular weight, which found in marine microalgae and event bacteria, are essential to prevent photooxidation and productivity loss from these Radical Oxigen Species (ROS). Symbiodinium, endo-symbiont of corals, were exposed with different UV radiation combined with irradiance treatments to explore biomass specific initial response. Intracellular glutahione was observed as potential adaptive response of Symbiodinium population under environmental specific stress. The result showed that GSH production increased significantly with increasing irradiance and/or UV levels. GSH concentration was fluctuated among populations exposed by different irradiance treatments, but not effected by UV and irradiance exposure. GSH production as a response of UV exposure was higher than irradiance treatments. Both these high correlative fluctuation of intracellular GSH production and the presence of both treatments indicated protective specific adaptation of Symbiodinium under specific environmental stress, respectively. Keywords: zooxanthellae, irradiance, glutathione (GSH), corals, Fungia

Dinamika Populasi Ikan Kurisi (Nemipterus hexodon) dari Selat Madura (Population Dynamics of Kurisi Fish (Nemipterus hexodon) from Madura Strait) Sutjipto D.O.; Muhammad S Soemarno; Marsoedi Marsoedi
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 18, No 3 (2013): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Pendugaan kuantitatif atas ukuran populasi ikan sangat diperlukan dalam pengembangan dan pengelolaan sumber daya ikan. Pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan dapat dilakukan secara optimal apabila sediaan (stock) dan sebaran sumber daya ikan tersebut diketahui secara pasti sehingga langkah kebijakan eksploitasi dapat dilakukan dengan tepat tanpa membahayakan kelestariannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa dinamika populasi dan tingkat eksploitasi Ikan Kurisi (Nemipterus hexodon) dari Selat Madura. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Desember 2010. Kajian terhadap biologi dan dinamika populasi Ikan Kurisi dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data sebaran frekuensi panjang (LF), panjang total (TL, Total Length), berat tubuh (W, Weight), jenis kelamin, dan tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG) dan dianalisa dengan hubungan panjang berat, pertumbuhan (panjang maksimum, umur dan kecepatan pertumbuhan), yield/recruit (Y/R) dan biomass/recruit (B/R). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan panjang berat W = 0,05 L2,47. Nisbah kelamin jantan dan betina adalah 1:1,178. Nisbah matang gonad Ikan Kurisi terjadi pada bulan Februari dan Oktober. Lm = 16,42 cm dan ada 7 bulan dalam satu tahun Lc<Lm. Parameter dengan persamaan pertumbuhan von Bertanlanffy L∞=30 cm, k=0.4, to= -0,001. Laju Eksploitasi (E) saat ini 0,48 > E0,5 (0,311). Hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran bahwa laju eksploitasi ikan Kurisi di Selat Madura harus dikurangi 35 % untuk menjaga kecukupan spawning biomass. Kata kunci: ikan kurisi, dinamika populasi, eksploitasi, Selat Madura Quantitative estimation over the size of fish populations is needed in the development and management of fish resources. Utilization of fish resources can be performed optimally when the stocks and the distribution of fish resources is known that the exploitation policy can be done properly without endangering its sustainability. This study aimed to investigate the length-weight relationship of ornate threadfin bream (Nemipterus hexodon), the growth parameters (maximum length, age and growth rate), yield/recruit (Y/R) and biomass/recruit (B/R) of threadfin bream and the level of exploitation. The research was conducted in the Madura Strait in February-December of 2010. The biology and some aspects of population dynamics were studied. Length weight relationship W= 0.05 L2.47. Male and female sex ratio 1: 1.178. The mature fish gonad ratio of threadfin bream occurred in February and October. Lm= 16.42 cm and there were 7 months of the year Lc <Lm. Growth equation parameters by von Bertanlanffy L∞= 30 cm, k= 0.4, to= -0,001. The exploitation rate (E) was 0.48 > E0,5 (0.311). The results of this study suggest that the exploitation rate should be reduced to 35% to maintain adequate spawning biomass of the fish at Madura Strait. Keywords : threadfin bream, population dynamics, exploitation, Madura Strait

Struktur dan Komposisi Mangrove di Pulau Kaledupa Taman Nasional Wakatobi, Sulawesi Tenggara Jamili Jamili; Dede Setiadi; Ibnul Qayim; Edi Guhardja
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 14, No 4 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis, menguraikan struktur, dominasi vegetasi mangrove, zonasi, dan permudaan alami di Pulau Kaledupa Taman Nasional Wakatobi. Sampling vegetasi menggunakan metode transek garis dan metode plot. Data vegetasi mangrove diperoleh melalui pengamatan dari setiap plot. Untuk strata pohon, tiang dan sapihan, parameter yang diamati meliputi nama spesies, jumlah individu masing-masing spesies, dan ukuran diameter batang setinggi dada. Sedangkan untuk strata semai dihitung jumlah cacah individu masingmasing spesies. Data periode dan tinggi penggenangan pada saat air pasang, diukur pada plot pengamatan setiap hari selama 30 hari. Dominasi vegetasi mangrove ditentukan dengan parameter nilai penting, zonasi dengan parameter kerapatan relatif, dan permudaan alami vegetasi mangrove dianalisis dengan menggunakan nilai kerapatan total semai setiap plot pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa komunitas mangrove di Pulau Kaledupa pada strata pohon didominasi oleh spesies Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, strata tiang didominasi oleh spesies Rhizophora mucronata, dan pada strata sapihan dan semai didominasi oleh spesies Ceriops tagal. Zonasi mangrove di Pulau Kaledupa terdiri atas empat zona, yaitu Zona R. mucronata, R. apiculata, Ceriops tagal, dan C.decandra. Tinggi penggenangan air laut merupakan faktor pengendali terjadinya zonasi mangrove di Pulau Kaledupa. Spesies C.tagal dan C.decandra memiliki tingkat permudaan alami baik, sedangkan spesies R. mucronata, R.apiculata, B.gymnorrhiza, Xylocarpus granatum, Sonneratia alba, dan Avicennia marina memiliki permudaan secara alami rendah. Kata kunci: Vegetasi mangrove, zonasi, struktur, komposisi This research was aimed to describe the structure, dominance of mangrove vegetation, zonation, and natural regeneration at Kaledupa Island of Wakatobi National Park. Sampling of vegetation used line transect and plot methods. Data of mangrove vegetation was obtained through observation of each plot at all growth phases (trees, poles, sapling and seedling) covering species name, number of individual of each species, and size of the breast height diameter of stem. Data of water inundation at high tide was measured at each observation plot. Observation was conducted for 30 days. Dominance of mangrove vegetation was determined by importance value parameter, zonation by relative density parameter and natural regeneration by seedling density. Results of this research found that mangrove community at Kaledupa Island at trees stratum were dominated by species Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, poles stratum was dominated by species Rhizophora mucronata, and at sapling and seedling stratum were dominated by species Ceriops tagal. Mangrove zonation at Kaledupa Island consisted of four zones, that are R. mucronata, R. apiculata, C. taga, and C. decandra zone. Height of seawater inundation is controlling factor of formation of mangrove zonation at Kaledupa Island. Species C. tagal and C. decandra had high level of natural regeneration, while species R.mucronata, R. apiculata, B. gymnorrhiza, Xylocarpus granatum, Sonneratia alba, and Avicennia marina had low natural regeneration. Key words : mangrove, zonation, structure, composition

Redescription of Larval Development in Cultured Pearl Oyster Pinctada maxima Jeane Siswitasari Mulyana; Achmad Farajallah; Yusli Wardiatno
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 23, No 2 (2018): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Larval development plays a major role in efficient pearl culture. The cultured larvae will be later used for recipient and donor oysters in cultured pearl production. Larval developmental stage of silver lip pearl oyster Pinctada maxima has been reported by several studies. Those studies used female and male oyster parents directly taken from natural habitat.This study aimed to redescribe larval development of P. maxima from commercial pearl oyster culture farm in Indonesia. Larval development of this species whose parents are originated from selected groups in the pearl culture farm has not been reported yet, thus it is necessary to be described. This species undergoes specific larval developmental stage. The larvae were observed under microscope, and then the average shell length (SL) and shell height (SH) were measured. D-shaped veliger larva (77.4±0.3 µm SL; 65.4±1.1 µm SH) appeared 20 h after fertilization. Tenday-old larva (156.2±2.8 µm SL; 149.5±5.6 µm SH) had developed umbo region so it was called umbonal larva. Umbonal larva then developed further into plantigrade larva (411.3±9.8 µm SL; 380.5±6.9 µm SH) in 25 days after fertilization. Developmental stage and larval sizein P. maxima is similar with those observed in P. fucata and P. margaritifera. Keywords: growth, larva, plantigrade, shell, umbo, veliger

Causitive Agent Vibriosis dari Ikan Kerapu Bebek (Cromileptis altivelis) Bermulut Merah : 1. Patogenitas pada Ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) Sarjito Sarjito; Ocky Karna Radjasa; Sahala Hutabarat; Slamet B Prayitno
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 12, No 3 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

The research aims were to find out the causative agent vibriosis of Cromileptis altivelis having clinical symptom red mouth and its pathogenecity to Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. Seven isolats Vibrio were isolated from wound and kidney of C. Altivelis. The result of Koch postulate indicated that five vibrios as a causative agent of vibriosis, consisted of three vibrios (isolat JT 07, JT 10, JT 20) and two vibrios (isolat JT 4, JT 29) caused mortality of 100% and 40% on E. fuscogutatus respectively. Three isolat vibrios ( JT 7, JT 10, JT 20 ) with higher pathogenicity were continued to futher investigation. Mean time to death of V. fuscus (JT 07), V. alginolyticus and V. anguillarum, to E. fuscogutatus on concentration of 108 CFU/mL were 83,33% (11,25 hours); 79,16%(15,63 hours); dan 50% (20,5 hours) respectively; whereas on concentration of 109 CFU/mL were 95,83% (10,8 hours); 87,5%(15,28 hours); dan 62,5% (19,6 hours) respectively. Lethal Concentration Median (LC50) of V. Fuscus, V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum were 3,2X107 CFU/mL; 4,8 X 108 CFU/mL; dan 2,24X108 CFU/mL. All isolates on concentration of 106 dan 107 CFU/mL did not cause 50% tested fish mortality Key words : Causative agent, Vibriosis, E. Fuscogutatus, V. parahaemolyticus, Pathogenicity Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji causative agent vibriosis pada ikan Kerapu Bebek (Cromileptis altivelis) dengan gejala klinis mulut merah serta patogenisitasnya terhadap ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). Tujuh isolat Vibrio berhasil diisolasi dari bagian luka dan ginjal Kerapu Bebek Mulut Merah. Hasil uji postulat koch memperlihatkan lima isolat dimana isolat JT 07, JT 10, JT 20 dapat mengakibatkan kematian 100%, sedangkan isolat JT 04 dan JT 29 menyebabkan kematian 40%. Pada tiga isolat (Vibrio JT 07, JT 10 dan JT 20) yang memperlihatkan patogenitas yang lebih tinggi dilakukan uji lanjutan. Hasil karakterisasi melalui uji morfologi dan biokimia diperoleh bahwa isolat JT 07 memiliki kemiripan 96,15 % dengan Vibrio fuscus; JT 10 memiliki kemiripan 100% dengan Vibrio anguillarum dan JT 20 memiliki kemiripan 100% dengan Vibrio alginolyticus. Patogenisitas ketiga isolat vibrio tersebut secara berurutan adalah V. fuscus, V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum, dimana diperoleh bahwa persentase kematian dan rerata waktu kematian (Mean Time to Death, MTD) pada penyuntikan intraperitoneal V. fuscus (JT 07), V. alginolyticus (JT 20) dan V. anguillarum (JT 10) dengan konsentrasi 108 CFU/mL adalah berturut-turut 83,33% (11,25 jam); 79,16% (15,63 jam); dan 50% (20,5 jam); sedangkan untuk konsentrasi 109 CFU/mL secara berurutan adalah 95,83% (10,8 jam); 87,5% (15,28 jam); dan 62,5% (19,6 jam). Lethal Concentration Median (LC50) V. fuscus, V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum secara berurutan adalah sebesar 3,2X107 CFU/mL; 4,8 X 108 CFU/mL; dan 2,24X108 CFU/mL. Sedang pada konsentrasi 106 dan 107 CFU/mL semua isolat tidak menimbulkan kematian pada ikan uji. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tiga causative agent tersebut bersifat patogen pada ikan kerapu. Kata kunci: Causative agent, Vibriosis, E. fuscogutatus V. parahaemolyticus, Patogenisitas

Scleractinian Coral Health Status of Padang Shelf Reef System, West Sumatera, Indonesia (Status Kesehatan Karang Skleraktinian pada Sistem Terumbu Karang Pesisir di Perairan Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia) Ofri Johan; Amran R Syam
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 19, No 4 (2014): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Prevalensi penyakit karang sebelumnya belum dilaporkan di perairan Padang, Sumatera Barat. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan prevalensi penyakit karang pada lokasi yang dekat dengan pantai, pertengahan dan lokasi terluar, dimana lokasi tersebut merupakan lokasi pemantauan yang berkesinambungan sejak tahun 1994 untuk data kondisi karang. Metode pengamatan yang digunakan adalah metode transek sabuk dengan ukuran 1 m kekiri dan kekanan transek garis yang memiliki panjang 30 m dan 3 ulangan. Dua jenis penyakit dan dua indicator stress karang teramati pada penelitian ini. Penyakit karang sabuk hitam (Black Band Disease, BBD) yang banyak ditemukan di Pulau Pandan (1.3%) pada kedalam 5 m. Penyakit White Syndrome (WS) terjadi di Gosong Air (0.3%). Beberapa koloni karang Montipora sp. dan Pocillopora verrucosa mengalami pemutihan di Pulau Pieh (2.1%).Focal bleaching ditemukan pada karang Galaxea sp. dan Goniastrea sp. di Gosong Gabuo (2.5%) dan pada karang Pocillopora verrucosa di Gosong Sipakal (3.9%). Penyakit BBD menginfeksi karang Montipora sp. dan Porites sp. Penyakit WS hanya menginfeksi karang Montipora sp. Karang Montipora sp, Pocillopora sp dan Porites sp banyak dan umum ditemukan di perairan Padang. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa infeksi penyakit karang masih tergolong rendah dan secara alamiah bisa terjadi sehingga tidak menghalangi proses pemulihan kondisi karang yang saat ini terjadi dan secara umum pada status kesehatan karang. Kata kunci: coral disease, black band disease, white syndrome, Sumatera Barat The prevalence of coral disease was previously unreported on the reefs of the Padang Shelf Reef System, West Sumatra and is relatively uncommon. The objective of this study was to get coral disease prevalence of each site which located at inshore, mid-shelf reef and off-shore reefs. The research was carried out by using belt transect method with 1 m left and right of tape as long 30 m with 3 replications. Two kinds of coral disease and two indicators of stressed coral were observed. While relatively infrequent, Black Band Disease was most common (1.3%) occurring on Pandan Island at 5m. White Syndrome occurred at Air patch reef (0.3%). A few bleached colonies of Montipora sp. and Pocillopora verrucosa were observed on Pieh Island reef (2.1%). Focal bleaching was observed on Galaxea sp. and Goniastrea sp. at Gabuo patch reefs (2.5%) and on Pocillopora verrucosa at Sipakal patch reef (3.9%). BBD infected both Montipora sp. and Porites sp. WS only infected on Montipora sp. Montipora, Pocillopora and Porites were the most common genera observed on the reefs. It suggests that coral disease infection was classified as a minor and it will not hamper coral recovery processes and coral health status in Padang Waters, West Sumatera. Keywords: coral disease, black band disease, white syndrome, West Sumatera

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