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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08537291 EISSN : 24067598 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences

ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.

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Articles 743 Documents

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Isolasi Dan Penapisan Aktinomisetes Laut Penghasil Antimikroba Rofiq Sunaryanto; Bambang Marwoto; Tun Tedja Irawadi; Zainal Alim Mas'ud; Liesbetini Hartoto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 14, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Telah diiakukan isolasi dan penapisan aktinomisetes laut yang mampu menghasilkan senyawa antimikroba. Isolasi diiakukan ditiga tempat berbeda yaitu di Pantai Barat Banten, Pantai Utara Cirebon, dan Pantai Selatan Yogyakarta. Isolasi dilakukan dengan dua metode pre-treatment yaitu dengan metode pengasaman dan metode pemanasan. Dari hasil isolasi diperolehjumlah total isolat sebanyak 50 isolat. Setelah diiakukan penapisan diperoleh 4 isolat yang mampu menghambat Eschereschia coli, 5 isolat mampu menghambat Streptococcus aereus, 4 isolat mampu menghambat Bacillus subtilis, 4 isolat mampu menghambat Pseudomonas aeroginosa, 5 isolat mampu menghambat Candida albican, dan 4 isolat mampu menghambatAspergillus niger. Hasil identifikasi morfologi dan DNA dari salah satu isolat yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling kuat (isolat A11) adalah Streptomyces sp. Secara morfologi isolat A11 memiliki hifa yang bercabang dengan kantong spora pada ujung hifa. Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) isolat A11 terhadap Bacillus subtilis sebesar 120,86 μg/ml.Kata kunci: Isolasi, penapisan, aktinomisetes laut, antimikrobaIsolation and screening of antimicrobial-producing marine actinomycetes has been conducted on isolates taken from West Banten, North Cirebon, and South Yogyakarta Coasts. Two methods pretreatments were applied i.e. acid and heat shock method. The research 50 isolates. The screening reavealed four isolates which has ability to inhibi Eschereschia coli, 5 isolates could inhibited Streptococcus aereus, 4 isolates could inhibited Bacillus subtilis, 4 isolates could inhibited Pseudomonas aeroginosa, 5 isolats could inhibited Candida albican, and 4 isolatescould inhibited Aspergillus niger. Result of identification morphology and DNA of isolate A11 it’s Streptomyces sp. Morphology of isolate A11 haves branching hyphae with spore sack at the end of hyphae. The Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of isolate A11 to Bacillus subtilis was 120,86 μg /ml.Key words: Isolation, Screening, Marine Actinomycetes, Antimicrobial.

Land Subsidence Affects Coastal Zone Vulnerability (Pengaruh Penurunan Tanah Terhadap Kerentanan Wilayah Pesisir) Pra Luber Agung Wibowo; Agus Hartoko; Ambariyanto Ambariyanto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 20, No 3 (2015): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Vast development of urban cities in coastal area has caused rapid degradation of the environment. Coastal zone vulnerability is mainly influenced by sea level rise, land subsidence, storm surge, sediment transport, socio-economic and coastal management policies. Present study investigates the main factor influences coastal vulnerability of developing coastal urban city at north coast of Java. Two factors were observed in the study; firstly land subsidence was observed by geodetic and leveling methods. Secondly, tidal inundation was measured by field work and participatory mapping. Tidal inundation model was performed using spatial model. Physical vulnerability model was conducted by scoring and weighting. The results show that Average rate of land subsidence between 2003-2014 is -0,021 (0,0-0,091) m.yr-1. Tidal inundation in 2014 covering 1286.29 hectares, where the highest impact happened at brackish water pond (969.63 ha). Tidal inundation prediction on 2031 will inundate 1786.76 ha, which the largest tidal inundation is in the residential area (646.85 ha). Coastal zone vulnerability in the research areas predominantly was influenced by land subsidence, and classified in moderate vulnerable. Land subsidence happened due to most of research areas are consists of alluvial plains morphology units that are still in consolidation process. Land subsidence conditions strongly influence the extent of tidal inundation in the future. Keywords: land subsidence, tidal inundation, vulnerability, coastal zones Pesatnya perkembangan kota di daerah pesisir menyebabkan degradasi lingkungan secara cepat. Kerentanan wilayah pesisir sangat dipengaruhi oleh kenaikan permukaan laut, penurunan tanah, gelombang badai, transport sedimen, kebijakan sosial ekonomi dan manajemen pesisir. Penelitian ini meneliti faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kerentanan pesisir pada pengembangan kota pesisir di pantai utara Jawa. Dua faktor yang diamati dalam penelitian ini; pertama penurunan tanah diamati dengan metode geodetik dan leveling. Kedua, genangan rob diukur dengan survei lapangan dan pemetaan partisipatif. Model genangan rob dilakukan dengan menggunakan model spasial. Model kerentanan fisik dilakukan dengan scoring dan pembobotan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata tingkat penurunan tanah antara tahun 2003-2014 adalah -0.021 (0,0-0091) m.th-1. Genangan rob pada 2014 seluas 1.286,29 ha, dimana dampak tertinggi terjadi di area tambak (969,63 ha). Prediksi genangan rob pada 2031 akan menggenangi 1.786,76 ha, dimana genangan rob terbesar berada di area perumahan (646,85 ha). Kerentanan wilayah pesisir di wilayah penelitian dominan dipengaruhi oleh penurunan tanah, dan diklasifikasikan dalam kerentanan sedang. Penurunan tanah terjadi karena sebagian besar daerah penelitian terdiri dari unit morfologi dataran aluvial yang masih dalam proses konsolidasi. Kondisi penurunan tanah sangat mempengaruhi luasan genangan rob di masa depan. Kata kunci: penurunan tanah, genangan rob, kerentanan, kawasan pesisir

Karakterisasi Molekuler Bakteri yang Berasosiasi dengan Penyakit BBD (Black Band Disease) pada Karang Acropora sp di Perairan Karimunjawa Agus Sabdono; Ocky Karna Radjasa
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 11, No 3 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Black Band Disease (BBD) merupakan penyakit yang bersifat virulen terutama menyerang jenis karang batu.Meskipun komunitas bakteri BBD didominasi oleh jenis cyanobakterium, namun penelitian tentang jumlahkomposisi bakteri yang menyusun komunitas belum pernah dilakukan. Komunitas bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit BBD (black band disease) pada karang cabang Acropora sp. dalam penelitian ini diujidengan menggunakan teknik kultur dependent. Teknik molekuler gen 16S rDNA (amplifikasi 16S DNA ribosom) digunakan untuk karakterisasi komunitas secara komprehensif. Berdasarkan analisis sekuen gen 16SrDNA, data menunjukkan bahwa isolate BBD1 memiliki kekerabatan terdekat dengan Myroides odoratimimus (99.0%), isolat BBD2 adalah Bacillus algicola (99.6%) dan isolat BBD3 adalah Marine Alcaligenaceae bacteriumico (96.0%). Hasil identifikasi bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit BBD pada karang cabang Acropora sp di Karimunjawa merupakan komunitas baru yang berbeda dengan hasil penelitian terdahulu. Hasil inimemungkinkan untuk dilakukan penelitian lanjutan tentang isolasi dan kultur bakteri tersebut untuk bisa menerangkan etiologi penyakit.Kata kunci: Black Band Disease (BBD), Acropora sp., 16S rDNA.Black band disease (BBD) is a virulent disease primarily affecting scleractinian corals. Eventhough the BBD bacterial mat is dominated by a cyanobacterium, the quantitative composition of the BBD bacterial matcommunity has not described previously. The bacterial community associated with black band disease (BBD) of the branching corals Acropora sp. in this study was examined using culture-dependent techniques. Acomplementary molecular techniques of 16S rDNA genes [amplified 16S ribosomal DNA) was used to give a comprehensive characterization of the community. On the basis of the results of sequen analysis, our datashow that BBD1 isolate was closely related with Myroides odoratimimus (99.0%), BBD2 isolate was Bacillus algicola (99.6%) and BBD3 isolate was Marine Alcaligenaceae bacterium (96.0%). Of the three bacteria identified,these were not previously found in other studies. This result will allow the dominant BBD bacteria to be targeted for isolation and culturing experiments designed at interpreting the disease etiology.Key words: Black Band Disease, Acropora sp., 16S rDNA.

Coral Recruitment Spatial Distribution in its Relation With Coral Cover and Herbivorous Fish Abundance Within Conservation Area Zulfikar Afandy; Ario Damar; Syamsul Bahri Agus
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2019): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

The continuity of coral reef ecosystem highly depends on the new coral larvae recruitment process. Hence, the information regarding distribution, the abundance of corals, and its relation to other variables are highly important in that ecosystem management. Research was conducted at nine stations represented each zone at the conservation area of Kapoposang Marine Tourism Park (TWP Kapoposang). This research aims at seeking for spatial variations of the abundance of coral recruitment at three primary zones monitored (core zone, sustainable fishing zone and utilization zone) and we further identified its relations with spatial variation of herbivorous fishes abundance and coral cover’s condition at those zones. The coral recruitment observation employed transect quadrat sampling method with size of 1x1 meter and 10 times repetition at a similar depth, and the coral recruitment abundance measurement in natural habitat based on the amounts of juvenile corals has been defined as coral colony with size of ≤10 cm. Overall, this research has found 534 coral juveniles consisted of 19 genera and 7 families, and the average of juvenile coral density stood at 5.34±4.45 SE.m-2. The coral reef recruitment category at TWP Kapoposang could be classified as high and its abundance spatial distribution showed no significant differences between each zone, as well as not influenced by either herbivorous fish abundance variable or the percentage of live coral cover.

Estimasi Produk Degradasi Ekstrak Kasar Pigmen Alga Merah Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty Varian Merah, Coklat, dan Hijau: Telaah Perbedaan Spektrum Serapan Helly de Fretes; A.B. Susanto; Budi Prasetyo; Heriyanto Heriyanto; Tatas H.P. Brotosudarmo; Leenawaty Limantara
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 17, No 1 (2012): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi produk degradasi pigmen ekstrak kasar alga merah Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty varian merah, coklat dan hijau yang terbentuk selama perlakuan iradiasi dan pemanasan, melalui perbedaan spektrum serapannya. Ketiga varian diekstraksi menggunakan 100% metanol. Uji fotostabilitas ekstrak pigmen dilakukan dengan iradiasi menggunakan lampu Volpi intralux 4100 pada intensitas cahaya 39300 lux, 56700 lux dan 76400 lux. Lama waktu penyinaran 0, 5, 10, 15, dan 20 menit. Sedangkan uji termostabilitas dilakukan pada suhu 25 dan 90 ° C selama 0, 3, 6 24, dan 48 jam. Pola spektra diukur pada panjang gelombang 300-800 nm sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan dengan spektrofotometer UV-Tampak Shimadzu 1700. Data dianalisis dengan SPINA Versi 3, untuk memperoleh intensitas maksimum dan perbedaan spektra serapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk degradasi pigmen ekstrak kasar alga merah K. alvarezii dapat diidentifikasi melalui spektrum serapan dan hasil perbedaan spektra serapan. Isomer cis karotenoid, karotenoid tidak berwarna, dan feofitin a diestimasi sebagai produk degradasi yang terbentuk selama perlakuan iradiasi dengan intensitas cahaya 76400 lux dan perlakuan pemanasan pada suhu 90°C selama 48 jam. Penurunan intensitas warna larutan pigmen juga mengindikasikan terbentuknya produk degradasi selama perlakuan. Kata kunci: Kappaphycus alvarezii, perbedaan spektrum serapan, produk degradasi The aims of this study were to estimate the degradation products of crude pigment extracts from red, brown, and green varieties of red alga Kappaphycus alverezii (Doty) Doty that formed during irradiation and heating treatment from their difference absorption spectra. All three variants were extracted using 100% methanol. The photostability assay of crude pigment extracts was conducted by irradiating the crude pigment extracts with a day light lamp (Volpi, Intralux 4100) at 39300 lux, 56700 lux and 76400 lux light intensity during 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes treatment, whereas the thermostability assay was performed at 25 and 90 °C for 0, 3, 6 24, and 48 hours. The absorption spectra of the crude pigment extract before and after each treatment were monitored successively at 300-800 nm using MultiSpec 1501 UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed with spina Version 3, to obtain maximum intensity and the difference absorption spectra. The results showed that the degradation products of crude pigment extracts from red alga K. alvarezii could be identified by absorption spectra and difference absorption spectra. Cis isomers carotenoids, colorless carotenoids, and feofitin-a were estimated as degradation product formed during the irradiation treatment with 76400 lux of light intensity and heating treatment at a temperature of 90 ° C for 48 hours. Decrease in the intensity of the color of pigment solution also indicates the formation of degradation products during treatment.Key words: Kappaphycus alvarezii, difference absorption spectra, degradation products

Timun Laut Teluk Medana, Lombok Barat: Pola Sebaran dan Kelimpahan Pradina Purwati; Pitra Widianwary; S. A. P. Dwiono
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 13, No 4 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Timun laut di Teluk Medana, Lombok Barat dimonitor tiap dua minggu, mulai April sampai Juni 2006. Hasilnya berupa peta sebaran komunitas timun laut yang menunjukkan adanya 5 mikrohabitat yang tersebar di da/am teluk, dan periode terbaik untuk melakukan pengamatan in situ. Kedua informasi ini kemudian dipakai untuk menghitung jumlah timun laut di teluk tersebut. Pada Juli 2006, penghitungan jumlah nil individu timun laut diiakukan dengan bantuan Global Positioning System (GPS) untuk merekam posisi geografis setiap individu timun laut yang ditemukan. Hasilnya menunjukkan 16 spesies (dan 1 grup juvenil) dengan jumlah total 715 individu. Mikrohabitat dengan jumlah individu terbanyak adalah area padat lamun (M2 dan M3) dimana Holothuria albiventer, H. scabra, H. fuscocinerea dan Bohadschia similis menyusun >60% dari komunitas timun laut daerah tersebut. Seratus sepuluh H.atra menempati area yang relatif terbuka (M4 dan M5) secara eksklusif. H.erinaceus dan H.arenicola berbagi habitat di daerah dengan substrat pasir yang padat, dengan kepadatan 11 individu/m2. Hasil penelitian inl menunjukkan bahwa potensi timun laut di Teluk Medana diperkirakan dapat mencapai 3000 individu. Peta agregasi inijuga membuka pintu bagi penelitian karakter spesidk mikrohabitat yang dibutuhkan masing-masingpopulasi timun laut, yang mengarah ke konsep kompetisi antarpopulasi.Kata kunci: timun laut, sebaran lokal, kelimpahan, Teluk Medana, Lombok Barat

Condition of 137Cs Activity in Karimunjawa Waters and its Distribution When an NPP Jepara is Operated Muslim Muslim; Heny Suseno; Siti Saodah
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 21, No 3 (2016): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Karimunjawa islands are located in the middle of the Java Sea, approximately 83 km northwest of Jepara city. These islands have become an Indonesian marine tourism destination and since 2001 had been designated as a national park. The Indonesian government has chosen Muria peninsula in the district of Jepara, Indonesia as a site for a potential nuclear power plant (NPP). The purpose of this study was to determine the current level of radiocesium (137Cs) activity and forecast its spread if an NPP is operated at Jepara. To determine the distribution of 137Cs in Karimunjawa waters, a sampling of water was done in six stations. Simulation modeling was used to map the distribution of 137Cs should an NPP be constructed in Jepara. The results showed that 137Cs activity in Karimunjawa waters ranges from 0.12 to 0.39 mBq.L-1 with an average of 0.24 mBq.L-1. This value is slightly higher than previous studies in the coastal waters of Gresik, which had an average activity of 0.200 mBq.L-1 because the waters around Karimunjawa have a lower dilution rate than the coastal waters of Gresik. However, these values were considerably lower than those in the waters of Northeast Japan before the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident which registered 137Cs activity at 2-3 mBq.L-1.This indicates that 137Cs in Karimunjawa is not entirely from Fukushima rather from the global fallout. The 137Cs distribution model suggests that after 15 days, a leakage in the Muria Peninsula nuclear plant will not contaminate Karimunjawa waters because the current in the Java Sea is relatively weak and dominant in the westward direction. Thus, when an NPP leak only runs for 15 days, Karimunjawa waters remain safe.Keyword: 137Cs, Karimunjawa, NPP, modeling, Muria Peninsula

Kemampuan Ikan Bandeng Sebagai Filter Biologis dalam Menekan Munculnya Ciliata Patogen pada Budidaya Udang Windu (Penaeus Monodon Fab.) di Tambak Gunanti Mahasri
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 10, No 4 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Salah satu faktor utama penyebab kegagalan panen udang windu adalah adanya serangan penyakit, yang umumnya menyerang pada tambak yang mengalami penurunan kualitas air. Ikan bandeng dapat digunakansebagai filter biologis dapat mempertahankan kualitas air, sehingga dapat menekan serangan ciliata patogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan ikan bandeng sebagai filter biologis untuk mempertahankan kualitas air dan dapat menekan serangan ciliata patogen pada budidaya udang windu di tambak. Sampel udang windu diambil dari dua petakan, yaitu tambak dengan dan tanpa filter biologis, sebanyak 75 ekor udang diambil secara acak pada saat panen yaitu dalam waktu 100 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kulaitas air tambak dengan filter biologis lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan dengan yang tanpa filter biologis. Prevalensi ciliata patogen pada udang windu yang dipelihara pada tambak dengan filter biologis ada 12,1 % dan 83,3 % pada tambak tanpa filter biologis, sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa filter bilogi dapat menekan prevalensi ciliata patogen dari 83,3 % sampai 12,1 %.Kata kunci : Ciliata patogen, Ikan bandeng, Filter biologisOne of the influence factor on Windu Shrimp harvesty lost is diseases, that was generally appear when the water quality descreased. The Milk Fish (Channos channos Forsk) can use as a biological filter, that can care the water quality in pond, so that the patogen ciliate can not appear.The aims of this research was to know the capacity of the biological filter of milk fish to prepare water quality and presured the ciliate appear in WinduShrimp culture in pond.The shrimp samples was taken from the two ponds with and without a biological filter. Seventy five shrimps were taken with randomly from the each pond when the shrimp harvest is one hundreddays. The result showed that the water quality is pond with the biological filter is better than in pond without the biological filter of Milk Fish. The prevalency of ciliate on the Windu Shrimp that culture with the biologicalfilter is 12,1 % and in the pond without the biological filter is 83,3 %. It’s mean that with the biological filter can pressured the ciliate prevalence from 83,3 % to 12,1 %.Key words : Ciliata patogen, Milk fish, Biological filter, Patogen, Ciliate

Komunitas Ikan di Perairan Kawasan Pulau Parang, Kepulauan Karimunjawa, Jepara (Fish Community at Parang Waters of Karimunjawa Island) Rudhi Pribadi; Hadi Endrawati; Ibnu Pratikto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 18, No 1 (2013): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Kawasan mangrove merupakan salah satu habitat ikan yang penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ikan di kawasan perairan bervegetasi mangrove Pulau Parang, Kepulauan Karimunjawa. Pengambilan contoh ikan dilakukan dengan gillnet sedangkan juvenil ikan diambil menggunakan Bonggo net dengan menyisir kolom perairan secara horizontal menggunakan perahu selama 10-15 menit pada kecepatan ±2 knot pada waktu pagi hari. Sampel ikan diawetkan dengan formalin 10% dan di laboratorium diganti dengan alkohol 70% untuk pengawetan yang lebih lama selanjutnya diidentifikasi. Kepadatan populasi ikan dihitung per stasiun dari seluruh contoh yang diamati. Contoh air diambil menggunakan water sampler, dan beberapa parameter perairan (suhu udara, suhu air, kedalaman, kecerahan, pH, DO) diukur secara langsung. Penelitian ini menemukan 7 spesies juvenil ikan di perairan bervegetasi mangrove Pulau Parang, yaitu Apogon ceramensis, Sphaeramia orbicularis, Hypoatherina barnesi, Zenarchopterus dispar, Zenarchopterus gilli, Gerres argyreus, dan Lethrinus lentjan yang termasuk dalam 5 famili, yaitu Apogonidae, Atherinidae, Hemiramphidae, Gerreidae, dan Lethrinidae. Pada saat bulan Juni ditemukan lebih sedikit jenis ikan dan jumlah individu juvenil ikan dibandingkan sampling bulan September 2012. Lebih banyak juvenil ini dimungkinkan adanya rekruitmen di daerah mangrove tersebut. Selama penelitian paling sedikit ditemukan 28 jenis ikan di perairan Pulau Parang yang terdiri dari 15 famili. Terdapat banyak perbedaan individu pada lokasi yang sama yaitu stasiun Batu Merah pada dua kali sampling. Hal ini menandakan daerah tersebut sebagai tempat mencari makan bagi ikan. Kata kunci: ikan, mangrove, Pulau Parang, Kepulauan Karimunjawa Mangrove ecosystem is recognised as essential habitat for many species of fishes. The study was aimed to identify community structure of mangrove fishes of Parang Island, Karimunjawa Islands. Adult fish was trapped using gillnet, while its juvenile collected using a larva-net tow horizontally by small boat for 10-15 minutes of 2knot speed along the mangrove waters in the morning. Sample was initially preserved in 10% formaldehyde then in 70% alcohol prior to further identification. Fish abundance was estimated on each station, and ambient parameter (water and air temperature, water depth, clarity, pH and DO) was measured insitu. The result shown that at least 7 species of fishes were found in Parang Island i.e.: Apogon ceramensis, Sphaeramia orbicularis, Hypoatherina barnesi, Zenarchopterus dispar, Zenarchopterus gilli, Gerres argyreus, and Lethrinus lentjan which taxonomically belongs to 5 families i.e.; Apogonidae, Atherinidae, Hemiramphidae, Gerreidae, and Lethrinidae. Less species was found in June rather in September sampling period, which possibly indicating of fish recruitmen on that mangrove ecosystem. In total 28 fish species of 15 families were found across all study sites in Parang Island and its surrounding waters. Species diversity among different sampling time, such as in Batu Merah Station, was also varied which possibly indicating that the site is feeding ground for many species in the area. Keywords: fish, mangrove, Parang Island, Karimunjawa Islands

Struktur Komunitas Zooplankton di Muara Sungai Serang, Jogjakarta Bayu A Pranoto; Ambariyanto Ambariyanto; Muhammad Zainuri
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 10, No 2 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Zooplankton adalah salah satu komponen dalam rantai makanan yang diukur dalam kaitan dengan nilai produksi suatu ekosistem. Hal ini dikarenakan zooplankton berperan ganda baik sebagai konsumen satu maupun konsumen dua, dimana merupakan rantai penghubung di antara plankton dan nekton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas zooplankton di perairan muara Sungai Serang Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Penentuan stasiun sampling menggunakan metode pertimbangan (purposive sampling method). Pengolahan data meliputi kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman, indeks dominansi, dan indeks dispersitas Morisita. Parameter perairan yang terukur suhu, salinitas, kecerahan, kecepatan arus, kedalaman, derajat keasaman (pH), DO, nitrat, dan fosfat. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan tanggal samplingdiperoleh kelimpahan rata-rata zooplankton berkisar antara 6.704-36.427 sel/L dengan indeks keanekaragaman 1,16-1,78; indeks keseragaman 0,75-0, 95; dan indeks dominansi 0,13-0,31. Sedangkan hasil penelitian berdasarkan stasiun diperoleh kelimpahan rata-rata zooplankton berkisar antara 10.952-31.669 sel/L dengan indeks keanekaragaman 1,17-1,65; indeks keseragaman 0,76-0,95; dan indeks dominansi 0,13 - 0,21.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil, bahwa genus zooplankton yang memiliki sebaran luas pada setiap stasiun (dominan) adalah genus Trigriopus, Nauplius, Pseudocalanus (Crustacea), Brachionus, Plerodina (Rotatoria). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa zooplankton yang terdapat di perairan muara Sungai Serang Yogyakarta terdiri dari 6 kelas dan 21 genus. Sedangkan dilihat dari nilai indeks keanekaragaman dan keseragaman diketahui bahwa muara Sungai Serang termasuk daerah yang memiliki komunitas zooplankton yang beragam dan didominasi oleh kelas Crustacea.Kata kunci: struktur dan indeks komunitas, zooplankton, estuarinZooplankton is one of the components in the food chain especially in relation to the production of an ecosystem. This is due to the fact that zooplankton play both as first and second consumer. The objective of this study was to investigate the community structure of zooplankton within Serang River estuary, Yogyakarta. The research was based on a case study, while sampling was done by purposive sampling method. The abundance, variety index, diversity index, dominancy index, and dispersity index were calculated based on the data collected.. The water parameter measured temperature, salinity, transparency, current velocity, pH, dissolvedoxygen, nitrate, and phospate. The result showed that based on the date of sampling the average of zooplankton abundance were ranged between 6704 - 36427 cell/L with variety index range between 1,16-1,78; diversity index were ranged between 0,75-0,95; and dominancy index were ranged between 0,13-0,31. While the results based on sampling station of the average of zooplankton abundance was range between 10.952 - 31.669 cell/L with variety index were ranged between 1,17-1,65; diversity index were ranged between 0,76-0,94; and dominancy index range between 0,13-0,21. The most common genera of zooplankton found in sampling station were Tigriopus, Nauplius, Pseudocalanus (Crustacea), Brachionus, Pterodina (Rotatoria).There were 6 classes and 21 genera of zooplankton found in the estuary of Serang River, Yogyakarta. Based on the value of the indices, it suggest that this estuary has high diversity of zooplankton and dominated by class CrustaceaKey words : structure and community indices, zooplankton. estuary

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