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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08537291     EISSN : 24067598     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 743 Documents
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Genetic Diversity and Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos from Five Mangrove Forests in North Sumatra and Aceh, Indonesia Anggita Amelati Harahap; Rizka Amelia; Ipanna Enggar Susetya; Arida Susilowati; Desrita Desrita; Tadashi Kajita; Mohammad Basyuni
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 4 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.4.358-366

Abstract

Mangrove forests play an important role in macrozoobenthos ecology, assisting them in foraging, sheltering, and reproduction. In order to better understanding the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of macrozoobenthos, the mitochondrial 16S subunit (16S rRNA) gene was used. Present study aimed to determine genetic diversity and community structure of macrozoobenthos in the North Sumatra and Aceh mangrove forests, Indonesia. The reliaprep gDNA tissue miniprep system kit was used to extract 50 samples. To determine the PCR product's molecular weight, UVITEX software was employed. Genetic polymorphism was examined with GenAlex version 6.502, and each community underwent principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). MVSP 3.2.2 software and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) were used to construct the dendrogram. The 16S rRNA gene revealed a band size in the range of 370–500 bp. The PCoA showed that approximately all individual macrozoobenthos from each community structure were localized in the same quadrant. Genetic variation was varied by 3% between populations and 97.5% within individuals according to the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), with the dendrogram classifying the populations into two major clusters. Dendrogram analysis showed low genetic differentiation between macrozoobenthos populations of North Sumatra and the Aceh mangroves, implying the low ability of individuals in a population to adapt. The high polymorphic information content (PIC) value (0.886) reported was consistent with the number of alleles and size of the population's heterozygosity value. Present findings provide important information that will assist in formulation of mangrove conservation and restoration approaches. 
Microplastics in Organs of Commercial Marine Fishes from Five Fishing Ports in Java Island, Indonesia Defri Yona; Mangesti Reza Evitantri; Danu Setia Wardana; Dyah Ajeng Pitaloka; Diana Ningrum; Mochamad Arif Zainul Fuas; Yuniar Ponco Prananto; Ledhyane Ika Harlyan; Atsuhiko Isobe
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 3 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.3.199-214

Abstract

Microplastics have been found in the marine environment worldwide. Due to their very small size, it could be ingested by marine organisms from small size plankton to big size fish. The aim of this study is to assess the variability of microplastics in three different organs (gills, gastrointestinal tracts, and muscles) of commercial fishes in five different fishing ports in East Java Province, Indonesia. A total of 137 fish samples from 14 species were extracted to identify the types of microplastics. The microplastics found in the fish samples were mostly dominated by fiber, fragments, and a little quantity of film. In most species, the gills accumulated more microplastics compared to the gastrointestinal tracts and muscles. Gill is the organ that is highly exposed to the environmental conditions, therefore, it is more susceptible to the microplastic contamination. The results showed that there was an inverse relationship between the size of the fish and the occurrence of microplastics (P<0.05). Small size Sardinella lemuru contained more microplastics than bigger size fish such as Katsuwonus pelamis. The variability of microplastics found in this study showed important factors such as habitat, fish size, feeding behavior, and organ function which influenced the ingestion process of microplastic. This study also revealed the presence of microplastics were not only in the gills and gastrointestinal tracts of fish, but also in its muscles. Since this study targeted commercial fishes, further research is needed to know the possible impact on human consumption of fish containing microplastics.
Genetic and Morphological Variation of the Redbelly Yellow Tail Fusilier, Caesio cuning (Bloch, 1971) from the Nyamuk Waters, Karimunjawa Archipelago Nining Nursalim; Agus Trianto; Ni Kadek Dita Cahyani; Nenik Kholilah; Galank Fad&#039;qul Janarkho; Eko Hardianto; Subagiyo Subagiyo
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 4 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.4.341-348

Abstract

Yellowtail fusilier, Caesio cuning (Bloch, 1971) is the main catch of fishermen on the Nyamuk Island, Karimunjawa. C. cuning also has a unique character in the form of different eye color, white, red, and white-red. These differences were raise question whether the eye colors will be differentiated the morphology, and the genetic diversity of C. cuning. This research aims to study the biodiversity of C. cuning caught by fishermen on Nyamuk Island, Karimunjawa, based on their morphology, and molecular using mtDNA control region gene marker.  This study also wanted to test, if different eye colors observed on the sample also reflected at the genetic level. A unique thing was found in morphological observations in the form of eye colors in C. cuning (white, red and white-red). Measurements of 19 morphometric characters were conducted on 44 samples directly in the field. Twenty four  (24) samples with three different eye colors were selected for molecular assay of locus control region mtDNA in the laboratory. Morphological analysis showed the total length of 44 samples of C. cuning ranged from 15-29.4 cm. The total length of white eye color ranged from 15-29.4 cm from 20 samples, red-eye color 17-26 cm from 20 samples and white-red eye color 22-24.6 from 4 samples. Molecular test showed that the fish observed was indeed C. cuning with a similarity of 97.07%-99.27% of NCBI data. The genetic distance C. cuning between individuals was 0-3%.  Genetic distance in the same eye color and different have the same value of 2%. Twenty haplotypes were obtained from 24 samples with high haplotypes diversity, values ranging from 0.978-1,000. The nucleotide diversity ranges from 0.019-0.021. There is no molecular difference between C. cuning with different eye colors.
Identification of Potential Locations for Kappaphycyus alvarezii Cultivation for Optimization of Seaweed Production Based on Geographic Information Systems in Spermonde Archipelago Waters, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Sarjito Sarjito; Hanny Ammaria; Muhammad Helmi; Slamet Budi Prayitno; Nurjannah Nurdin; Riza Yuliratno Setiawan; Parichat Wetchayont; Anindya Wirasatriya
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 3 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.3.253-266

Abstract

Indonesia is the second largest producer of red algae in the world with one of the major Kappaphycyus. alvarezii farming areas is in Spermonde Islands, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi Province. K. alvarezii production in Pangkep Regency increased every year. However, the availability of natural seaweed can be threatened along with the increasing demand so that seaweed cultivation is necessary. Proper site selection is crucial to guarantee the success of the seaweed farming development. A Geographic Information system (GIS) with geospatial modeling approach was applied for identification of the site selection for K. alvarezii cultivation at the Liukang Tuppabiring District, Spermonde Islands by combining various physical and chemical parameters obtained from in-situ data and hydrodynamics modeling. The parameters are Sea Surface Temperature, salinity, pH, substrate type, current speed, wave height, DO, nitrate, phosphate, and Total Suspended Solid. This research also include the accessibility and the restricted area of shipping lanes for determining the area suitability of K. alvarezii cultivation. This research demonstrates a Geographic Information system with the cell-based geospatial modeling can be effectively used and found the the suitable categorized area for K. alvarezii  is 4,546.28 ha, which is the combination of the suitable area of 4,463.08 ha and highly suitable criteria with an area of 83.2 ha. The potential productivity of wet-weight seaweed can reach 56,825 tons per cycle or 113,650 tons per year. This result suggests the GIS with geospatial modeling approach for developing the area of K. alvarezii culture can be applied in other area.
Identification of Gracilaria spp. in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta Indonesia Based on DNA Barcoding Target Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 Feni Susanti; Ratih Ida Adharini; Kurnia Rahmi; Dini Kartikasari; Ganesan Kandasamy
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 3 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.3.189-198

Abstract

Seaweed is one of the most abundant biological resources in Indonesia. The number of species of Gracilaria spp. in Indonesia encourages the need for studies on diversity. This study aims to identify species diversity and phylogeny analysis of Gracilaria spp. found in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta. The sample collection was taken in February 2020 at Sepanjang and Krakal Beaches and in September 2020 at Siung and Watukodok Beaches, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. This research uses the methods of sample preservation, DNA isolation/extraction, DNA amplification, and COI mtDNA gene sequencing. Molecular identification of Gracilaria spp. successfully performed by DNA barcoding method using a commercial kit (Genaeid Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Plant)). Gracilaria spp. successfully amplified with primers GazF1 and GazR1 encoding the mtDNA COI gene at annealing temperature of 44°C; 44.4°C and 44.6°C. Species Gracilaria spp. that found were G. salicornia (from Sepanjang and Krakal Beach), G. edulis (from Siung Beach), G. arcuata (from Watu Kodok Beach) and Gracilaria sp. (from Krakal Beach). The species of the Krakal Beach specimen of Gracilaria sp. is unknown, however it belongs to the genus Gracilaria, so further identification of the sample is needed. G. arcuata (from Watu Kodok Beach) is recognized as a species of G. arcuata, however it is 12.8 percent genetically distant from the source. Genetic diversity on the Sepanjang, Krakal, and Watu Kodok beaches is included in the high diversity category, while Siung Beach does not have diversity. This research found four species of Gracilaria spp. based on molecular identification in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta.
Biodiversity of Reef Fishes in Three Small Outer Islands of West Papua, Indonesia Risandi Dwirama Putra; Petrus Christianus Makatipu; I Wayan Eka Dharmawan; Frensly Damianus Hukom; Muhammad Abrar; Rikoh Manogar Siringoringo; Ni Wayan Purnamsari; Aditya Hikmat Nugraha; Pradipta Agustina; Khairunnisa Khairunnisa; Asep Mulyono; MD Jayedul Islam
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 4 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.4.285-296

Abstract

Coral fish groups have a very strong dependence on coral reef ecosystems. Nusa Manggala Expedition was carried out for twenty days to explore basic data on the diversity of species of coral reef fish in the Liki, Bepondi, and Miossu Islands. Assessment of coral fish assemblages using Underwater Visual Census (UVC). Four hundred and thirty-two species of fifty families of reef fishes found during the 2nd session the Nusa Manggala expedition in Liki, Bepondi, and Miossu islands, northern Papua. Four species (Mobula tarapacana, M. alfredi, Oxymonacanthus longirostris, Bolbometopon muricatum, and Plectropomus areolatus) and one species (Cheilinus undulatus) categorized of IUCN as Vulnerable (VU) and Endangered (EN), respectively, were recorded in this study. There is unique pattern of reef fishes’ composition in small outer islands location in pristine location that shows Pomacentridae and Labridae were almost in the same number as Gobiidae, Apogonidae, Serranidae, Chaetodontidae, and Acanthuridae. In addition, the results showed that the Liki and Miossu islands and Bepondi Island included at the Coral Fish Diversity Index (CFDI) as an extraordinary and excellent category of marine fish, respectively. The results of the expedition showed that the Liki Islands and Miossu Island had an extraordinary category of marine fish, and Bepondi Island had an excellent category of sea fish. The culture of local people in Papua called "Sasi" prove to provide full protection to the ecosystem and have a positive impact on high diversity of reef fishes.
Nutrient Enrichment Impact of Wastewater Shrimp Ponds on Coral Reefs of Nyamplungan Village, Karimunjawa Raja Aditya Sahala Siagian; Agus Sabdono; Sunaryo Sunaryo; Agus Trianto; Dio Dirgantara
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 3 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.3.267-278

Abstract

Increased nutrients can cause a rise prevalence in coral disease. Shrimp pond wastewater can produce nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia from the residual of the feeding and shrimp feces. Nyamplungan village, Karimunjawa was selected as the study site as it represents a location with shrimp pond activity that close to coral reef ecosystem. This study aims to examine the difference of disease prevalence, coral cover, and coral genus diversity at ±300 m and ±1000 m from the shrimp pond and to examine the relationships between disease prevalence and nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, ammonia). Coral disease prevalence was measured within a modified 30 x 2 m belt transect at six sampling stations. Station 1, 2, and 3 were 6-8 m in depth (±1000 m from the shrimp pond), then station 4, 5, and 6 were depth 1-3 m (±300 m from the shrimp pond). Coral genus diversity was conducted by using the Roving Diver Visual Method. Coral cover was measured within Line Intercept Transect (LIT) 30 m. The results show that station 5 had the highest disease prevalence (30.80%±2.78%). Station 1 had highest coral cover (90.87%±7.16%). Coral genus diversity had a medium category for each station. Disease prevalence was significantly different between station depths of 1-3 m (±300 m to the shrimp pond) and depths 6-8 m (±1000 m from the shrimp ponds) (P<0.05). Disease prevalence had strong relationship with nitrate (r= 0.975), phosphate (r= 0.972) and ammonia (r= 0.958). These results suggest that the continuation of coral monitoring with additional disease incidence and disease progression, temporally.
239/240Pu Dispersion Modeling for Emergencies During Nuclear Power Plant Operations in Malaysia Muslim Muslim; Sa&#039;iyd Husayn Ahmadi; Jarot Marwoto; Heny Suseno; Yvette Agyiriba Aggrey
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 3 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.3.215-222

Abstract

The East Coast of Johor in Malaysia is a strategic area as a candidate site for nuclear power plants. Its location is near coastal area and is therefore convenient to use seawater as a source of cooling for power plants. This makes the East Malaysia waters, and their surroundings stand a high risk of direct radioactive contamination, especially in event of an accident. Pu is a non-conservative or reactive radionuclide that easily settles with particles and has high radiotoxicity and radiochemistry, making it very dangerous. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution patterns of 239/240Pu releases in the waters of East Malaysia and the surrounding waters. To determine the affected areas due to 239/240Pu pollution using MIKE flow flexible mesh module and particle tracking module. The magnitude of 239/240Pu used in this model is based on the disaster in Fukushima Daiichi in 2011. This research can be used as a mitigation of 239/240Pu pollution when a nuclear reactor disaster occurs in the area around Indonesia's territorial border. Discharge of 239/240Pu was simulated during the west and east monsoons season which result in the distribution pattern following the seasonal flow pattern. During the west monsoon, the dispersion speed of 239/240Pu is four times faster than the east monsoon. The 239/240Pu distribution is predominantly towards the south, however, the contaminated area was only occurred on the coast of Johor and does not extend to the waters of Indonesia.
Conservation and Preservation for Endangered Mangrove Species: Comprehensive Case Study of Swamp Forest on North Coast Area of Malaysia Mona Fairuz Ramli; Ahmad Shabudin Ariffin; Marziah Zahar; Aizat Md Sin; Zuhud Rozaki
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 4 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.4.297-306

Abstract

Mangrove forests are special type of coastal ecosystem characterized by their adaptations that enable plants to thrive in saline soil. Despite accounting for only about 1% of global forest coverage, mangroves are keystone ecosystems that provide a variety of critical ecological processes and environmental services. In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in interest in mangrove biodiversity. The lack of community-based organizations (CBO) on the awareness of conservation has a direct negative impact on endangered species. The aim of this is to analyze the conservation and preservation for mangrove in north coast area of Malaysia. Qualitative method was used to collect and analyzed the data, and supported with observations. The findings showed that mangrove conservation project in Kilim and Acheh River rivers are participated by the different stakeholders such as local government units (LGU), NGOs (PiFWA and Koperasi Komuniti Kampung Kilim Langkawi Berhad and Koperasi Nelayan Sungai Kubang Badak Langkawi Berhad), as well as a local community composed of fishermen, gleaners and business operator (travel agent). Those stakeholders are playing different role depend on their capacities. This study proves that mangrove forests are important for coastal area in Malaysia, and conservation efforts are needed to protect it. This finding also can be applied in other area. The contribution and participation of all parties also need for any conservation activities. The funding is crucial for supporting the sustainability of conservation program because some parts of conservation need it to be built such infrastructure or material for conservation.
Some Aspects of Bio-ecology of Walking Shark (Hemiscyllium galei) in Doreri Bay, Manokwari, Indonesia Muhammad Fadil Insani; Ridwan Sala; Duaitd Kolibongso
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 27, No 3 (2022): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.27.3.279-284

Abstract

Walking sharks are endemic to the New Guinea-Australian region, inhabiting shallow reef ecosystems. In Papuan waters there are four species of walking sharks, including Hemiscyllium galei. This research investigated ecological and biological aspects of H. galei in Doreri Bay near Manokwari, West Papua Province. The samples used in this study were collected from two locations in the waters of Doreri Bay, namely the islands of Arowi and Nusmapi between September and November 2020. This research was conducted using underwater visual census (UVC) during nighttime. Observations were made at two locations covering a total area 9,000 m2. A total of 10 individuals (7 males and 3 females) of H. galei were collected during the study. They were identified as distinct individuals based on spot shapes on the pectorals. All of them were then measured their morphometric parameters including total length, precaudal-fin length, head length, and body weight. After measurements were taken, all individual sharks were safely released back into their habitat. Morphometric measurements showed the total length of individual walking sharks obtained was no more than 75 cm for both male and female individuals. The abundance estimates of H. galei at Arowi and Nusmapi were 13,33 ind.ha-1 and 8,88 ind.ha-1 respectively. Analysis of length-weight relationship showed a negative allometric growth pattern, where body length growth was faster than weight gain.  Based on the present study, walking sharks probably occupies only a limited area in Doreri Bay, and are therefore very vulnerable to the daily activities of humans living in the vicinity.

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