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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08537291     EISSN : 24067598     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 743 Documents
 61   62   63   64   65 
The Partial Pressure of CO2 and Fluxes of CO2 in Semarang Bay, Indonesia Max Rudolf Muskananfola; Nurul Latifah; Agus Hartoko; Sigit Febrianto; Johan Christian Winterwerp
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 1 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.1.113-124

Abstract

The CO2 characteristics of the Semarang Bay system on the Northern coast of Java were investigated to understand the roles in carbon dioxide flux. The flux of carbon dioxide at the sea surface between seawater and atmosphere is essential for mitigating atmospheric CO2.  The aims of this study were to assess the variation of CO2 partial pressure seawater (pCO2sea) and CO2 flux and to analyse the water quality variable which has the larger influence on CO2 flux in the waters of Semarang Bay. The variables in this study were temperature, pH, salinity, and DO. Different methods were adopted in the analysis of water samples: spectrophotometric to measure chlorophyll-a and phosphate and titration method to measure Total Alkalinity (TA) and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC). A CO2 meter was used to measure the CO2atm. The lowest CO2 flux value was (1.86 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1) during the morning period while the pCO2sea reached 461.04 μatm and CO2 flux 83.79 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1 at night. At noon time, with increased temperature, pCO2sea was 461.04 μatm, and CO2 flux was 83.79 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1. The high concentration of chlorophyll-a ranged between 3.55–4.11 mg.L-1.  This chlorophyll-a concentration has a negative correlation with CO2 flux, and it was found that TA and DIC concentrations have no relationship with CO2 flux. Based on PCA analysis, it was found that the variability of CO2 flux in Semarang Bay is influenced by the variability of pCO2sea, sea surface temperature and kwa (affected by wind speed).
Population Analysis of Bali Sardinella (Sardinella lemuru, Bleeker 1853) Landed in PPI Kedonganan using Length-Weight Data and Digital Analysis (ImageJ) Ni Putu Dian Pertiwi; Ida Ayu Purnama Bestari; M. Danie Al Malik; Mark Anthony Phuong
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 1 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.1.90-96

Abstract

Sardinella lemuru, one of the important pelagic fish in Bali Strait waters, has been reported to be in the overfishing condition. Various studies have been conducted to understand its population condition. Length-weight data has been also widely used to understand the population dynamic of S. lemuru, although data collection generally using manual direct measurement methods, which has the disadvantages if used on the enormous number of samples. Therefore, this research aims to understand the significance of S. lemuru length measurement using digital image analysis (ImageJ) compared with the manual measurement. Moreover, this research also aims to understand the population condition of S. lemuru landed in PPI Kedonganan analyzed using its length-weight data. The result indicated no significance difference between length measurement using manual methods and digital image methods, thus conclude that digital image data can be used to measure the fish length and represent the accurate measurement. Population condition analysis showed that S. lemuru population is in isometric condition (b=3); with indication of declining in the length growth pattern compared with previous research (L∞= 20.75 cm with K= 1.1); the mortality estimation showed that fishing mortality (F=1.27) was lower than natural mortality (M=2.22), with the survival rate higher on smaller size fish. This research result can be used as an addition to the S. lemuru fisheries data and can also be used as reference methods to help conduct sampling and data collection more efficiently.
DNA Barcoding and Morphological Characters of Two Trevally Fish species (Caranx Spp.) Collected from Youtefa Bay, Papua, Indonesia Tamara Louraine Jeanette Kainama; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Agus Sabdono; Dio Dirgantara
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 1 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.1.97-104

Abstract

Trevally fish (Caranx spp,) or Kuwe fish (local name) are small pelagic fish that are mostly caught in the waters of Youtefa Bay. There are two types of Kuwe fish that are difficult to distinguish due to morphological similarities. These Kuwe fish have no scientific species identification so they have several different local names. Accordingly, it is necessary to identify and find out the proper naming of the two Kuwe fish. DNA barcoding is a technique used to speed up and simplify the process of identifying organisms. Hence, the purpose of this research was to identify the proper scientific name of the two Kuwe species in Youtefa Bay waters, as well as the kinship between these two types by applying a DNA barcoding technique. Nineteen Kuwe fish were sampled at Youtefa Bay, Jayapura, Papua in July 2022. Samples were studied morphologically, then carried directly to the Integrated Laboratory of Diponegoro University for molecular studies. DNA extraction, amplification, and DNA sequencing were carried out to further validate the species’ identification. The results showed that in the initial assessment of the specimens using taxonomic keys, 10 specimens were identified as Caranx sexfasciatus and 9 specimens were identified as Caranx tille. The relationship between length and weight of C. sexfasciatus and C. tille have resulted in b = 2.5754 with R2 = 0.8564 and   = 1.7119 with R2 = 0.6705, respectively. All identifications were confirmed as correct based on BLASTn results. The BLAST analysis demonstrated that 10 samples were closely related to C. sexfasciatus  (99%-100% in similarity) and 9 samples were similar to C. tille (97%- 99%). The genetic distance between individuals in C. sexfasciatus and C. tille has a value ranging from 0% - 0.2%, and the phylogenetic tree exposed that the two species are included in different clades. This study revealed that there are two species of Kuwe fish (C. sexfasciatus and C. tille) in Youtefa Bay, Papua, Indonesia.
Morphometry of Limulidae (Oscar E. Brown) in Leidong, Sei Berombang, and Tanjung Tiram, North Sumatera Zhulian Hikmah Hasibuan; Ita Widowati; Ervia Yudiati; Syukur Syukur
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 1 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.1.105-112

Abstract

Limulidae (Horseshoe crab), or Mimi in the local name, are known; there are four species, namely Limulus polyphemus in North America and Asia, namely Tachypleus tridentatus, T. gigas, and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. In Indonesia, these species are protected by the Decree of the Minister of Forestry Number 12/KPTS-II/1987; meanwhile, illegal fishing still occurs. This study aims to identify Limulidae species and analyze Mimi's morphometric characteristics and distribution in North Sumatra to conserve the species.  This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method in Leidong, Sei Berombang, Tanjung Tiram - North Sumatera, from September to December 2021. Biometric measurements were performed on 98 Mimi, and the data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, and Multinomial logistics. The results showed that Mimi in the study area was identified as Tachypleus tridentatus, T. gigas, and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. The most commonly caught was T. tridentatus at the Tanjung Tiram. Based on the maximum width of the prosoma and body length, the largest to most petite sizes are T. tridentatus at Leidong (10.31 cm), T. gigas at Leidong, and Sei Berombang (10 cm) and C. rotundicauda at Sei Berombang (7.56 cm) respectively. The cluster analysis based on 27 morphometric characters showed that T. tridentatus had almost the same characteristics as T. gigas, while C. rotundicauda had its features. It can be concluded that the largest to most petite sizes of Mimi in the study area were T. tridentatus, T. gigas, and C. rotundicauda, respectively.
Role of Natural Food in Enhancing the Productivity of Saline Nile Tilapia in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Segara Anakan Lagoon, Brackish Water Culture Petrus Hary Tjahja Soedibja; Endang Hilmi; Isdy Sulystio; Florencius Eko Dwi Haryono; Hanan Hassan Alsheikh Mahmoud
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 2 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.125-135

Abstract

Saline Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forskal, 1775) polyculture systems in brackish water culture require natural food to sustain their brackish water fish production. Brackish water culture of Saline Nile Tilapia is developed to improve the productivity of abandoned shrimp or crab pond. At present, there are no studies examining the potential of natural food to improve the productivity of these polyculture systems in the brackish water pond located in Tritih Kulon Village, Cilacap, Central Java. To assess the availability of this food source, the diversity and abundance of plankton in the water body were evaluated through analysis. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze plankton diversity in the water body and the relationship between plankton abundance as a natural feed and saline Nile Tilapia productivity in the brackish water polyculture. Phytoplankton and zooplankton were identified according the plankton characteristic available in the references. The results showed that 21 planktons, comprising 12 phytoplankton species and 9 zooplankton groups, were identified. In spite of low plankton diversity, however, this study proved that the plankton abundance positively supported Saline Nile tilapia productivity in the polyculture system with milkfish, as indicated by low mortality (17,5 ±8,59 %; R2= 0.825-0.908), absolute high weight gain (208.2 ± 22,5 gr; R2= 0.881-0.874), and high specific growth (2,28 ± 0.77 % day-1; R2= 0.87-0.91). The productivity of Saline Nile Tilapia in brackish water polyculture with milkfish is supported by the availability of natural food, with 5.95 to 18.50% of their gut content obtained from plankton.
Molecular Identification and Biotechnological Potential of Cerithidea cingulata-and Lottia scabra Associated Fungi as Extracellular Enzyme Producer and Anti-Vibriosis Agent Agus Trianto; Ocky Karna Radjasa; Subagiyo Subagiyo; Armeilia Ardiva Isabella; Muhammad Syaifudien Bahry; Hartuti Purnaweni; Rignolda Djamaludin; Aiyen Tjoa; Ian Singleton; Darren Mark Evans; Karen Diele
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 2 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.136-147

Abstract

Mangroves are complex, unique, and dynamic ecosystems that host organisms that have special physiological adaptations to fluctuations in salinity, temperature, and pH. Gastropods have an important role in the mangrove ecosystem for food cycles and webs by helping to provide nutrients and micro-habitats for microbes.  Micro-fungi isolated from mangrove ecosystems are productive sources of enzymes and bioactive compounds such as antibacterial and antifungal. In this study a explored the enzymatic and anti-vibrio activity of fungi associated with the marine gastropod Cerithidea cingulata and Lottia scabra. collected in three mangrove forests in North Sulawesi, Indonesia.  The fungi associated with the specimens were inoculated on malt extract agar (MEA) using the tapping method. Enzymatic and anti-vibrio assays were conducted applying the plug method. Positive effects of the fungal compounds on Vibrio  were indicated by  clear zones formed around the isolates.  A total of 13 fungal species were isolated from C. cingulata (19MB-C5  and 19MBa-A4) and L. scabra (19MT-07 and 19MT-18).  Most fungal isolates have moderate growth rate. The isolate with highest cellulolytic, proteolytic, and anti-vibriosis activity (Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, V. vulnificus, and V. alginolyticus), derived from C. cingulata 19MB-C5 was closely related to Aspergillus niger, as revealed by molecular analysis using the universal primers ITS1 and ITS4 (similarity value 99%).  A. niger 19MB-C5-3 has potential as a bioremediation and anti-vibrio agent that can be applied in aquaculture.
Sex Changes and Gonad Maturity of Rivulated Parrotfish Scarus rivulatus (Valenciennes, 1840) from Seribu Islands, Indonesia Asri Yanti; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Ali Mashar; Sonja Kleinertz
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 2 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.203-216

Abstract

Parrotfish (Scarus rivulatus) is a species that can undergo sex change at a certain age and size (hermaphrodite protogynous). This study aims to analyze the process of sex change based on body color and gonadal tissue changes, as well as the gonadal development of the fish. Sampling was conducted monthly from January to September 2022. Fish samples were collected from fishermen in Seribu Islands. The parameters observed were sex, gonad maturity stage, body color changes, and anatomy and histology of the gonad. The samples were 1605 individuals, consisted of 831 females, 309 primary males (initial phase of males), and 465 secondary males (terminal phase of males). The total length of these fish ranged 8.8- 22.4 cm (females), 10.5-22.6 cm (primary males of males), and 15.1-28.1 cm (secondary males). Morphological differences between female fish, primary males, and secondary males are generally showed in body size, fin size, and body coloration. The histological analysis results of the gonads of primary male fish was indicated by the presence of residual perinucleolar oocytes in the layer of the gonads that coexist with sperm tissue. The body size of first mature gonads was 13.0 cm (female), 16.6 cm (primary male), and 17.6 cm (secondary male). Gonadal maturity stage (GMS) III and IV dominated each observation time. Hence, it was suspected that the fish spawned throughout the year.  However, based on the distribution of the GMS, there was an increase in reproductive activity in January-March and July-September, with peak spawning in March and September.
Species Identification among Fish Samples taken from Mangrove Ecosystem in Lampung Coastal Bay through DNA Barcoding Technique Yanti Ariyanti; Ika Agus Rini; Novriadi Novriadi; Fidya Septiana
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 2 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.173-180

Abstract

Mangrove forests are essential for supporting the habitats of numerous fish species, some of which are vital for local economies. These forests serve as breeding and nurturing environments for fish, providing a safe haven for juvenile fish and protecting them from predators and environmental stressors. There are many different species of fish that use mangrove forests as a breeding and nursery ground. Although many studies on the biodiversity of mangrove organisms on Sumatra Island exist, data on fish species diversity in Lampung Bay is still lacking. Morphological identification is often inadequate to distinguish between potential fish species, even across different life stages such as adults, juveniles, or larvae. However, DNA barcoding has the potential to identify species at any developmental stages accurately. Thus, this study aimed to identify and confirm fish species originating from the mangrove ecosystem in Lampung Bay specifically the Sebalang Mangrove Ecopark (South Lampung) and Petengoran Mangrove Forest, Gebang Village (Pesawaran), through a molecular approach using DNA barcoding techniques. Twenty samples can be identified at the species/genus level, demonstrating that using short, standardized genetic region Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial gene sequences can accurately and quickly classify fish samples. Furthermore, twenty mitochondrial DNA sequences of various fishes have been submitted to the massive genetic database, GenBank. By identifying species accurately and quickly, DNA barcoding can improve the knowledge about fish biodiversity especially samples taken from the mangrove ecosystem in Lampung Coastal Bay.
Supplementation of Carrageenan (Kappaphycus alvarezii) for Shrimp Diet to Improve Immune Response and Gene Expression of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Ichoun Brawici Dhewang; Ervia Yudiati; Subagiyo Subagiyo; Rabia Alghazeer
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 2 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.161-172

Abstract

White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the leading commodities in aquaculture. In recent years, the shrimp farming industry worldwide has suffered heavy losses due to disease. Increasing the immune system in shrimp using immunostimulants that are more environmentally friendly such as carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii, seems promising. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in immune response and gene expression in White shrimp after carrageenan supplementary diet treatment. This research was using a laboratory-scale experimental method with a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was analyzed using One Way ANOVA. The treatments were negative control (without carrageenan addition), 5 g.kg-1, 10 g.kg-1, 15 g.kg-1, and 20 g.kg-1 carrageenan supplemented feed. All treatments were replicated three times. 180 L. vannamei with average weight of 6.5±0.66 g is used for research object Total Haemocyte count (THC), Phenoloxidase (PO), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity, and Phagocytic activity/Index (PA/PI) were examined after feeding the White shrimp with diets supplemented with carrageenan in time series sampling. Immune-related gene expression (Lipopolisaccharide Glucan Binding Protein/ LGBP, Pro Pehnol Oxidase/ ProPO, and Lectin Type C/ Lectin) was evaluated by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) at the end of experiment. Results indicated that the immune parameters directly increased according to the doses of carrageenan and time. The 20 g.kg-1 carrageenan treatments gave better results. three immune-related genes expression i.e LGBP, Lectin, and proPO were upregulated.  Therefore, carrageenan supplementation of shrimp feed can improve innate immunity as well as the expression of immune-related genes.
Insecticidal Activity and Phytochemical Profiles of Avicennia marina and Excoecaria agallocha Leaves Extracts Rozirwan Rozirwan; Muhtadi Muhtadi; Tengku Zia Ulqodry; Redho Yoga Nugroho; Nadila Nur Khotimah; Fauziyah Fauziyah; Wike Ayu Eka Putri; Riris Aryawati; Che Abd Rahim Mohamed
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 2 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.148-160

Abstract

Toxic bioactive compounds can be obtained from various mangrove plants that have the potential to be developed in agriculture as bioinsecticides. The coast of South Sumatra has relatively abundant Avicennia marina and Excoecaria agallocha vegetation. This study was conducted to analyze the bioactivity of insecticides and the phytochemical profiles of mangrove leaves A. marina and E. agallocha was extracted with methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane from the most toxic extract fraction. Samples were obtained from the Barong River in Sembilang National Park, Banyuasin Regency. The insecticidal activity of the samples was carried out on Gryllus bimaculatus and Tenebrio molitor. Furthermore, the phytochemical profile was analyzed using GC-MS. Based on the results of insecticidal activity on G. bimaculatus, the respective LC50 values of A. marina and E. agallocha extracts for the hexane fraction were 12,562 mg.L-1 and 15,464 mg.L-1, ethyl acetate 9,986 mg.L-1 and 10,292 mg.L-1, methanol 6,454 mg.L-1 and 6,969 mg.L-1. Whereas in T. molitor, the LC50 values for the hexane fraction were 10,682 mg.L-1 and 11,070 mg.L-1, ethyl acetate 9,065 mg.L-1 and 9,269 mg.L-1, methanol 4,799 mg.L-1, and 5,408 mg.L-1. The results of GC-MS analysis on the methanol extract of A. marina leaves which contained phytochemical compounds such as alcohol, lauric acid, myristic, linoleic, elaidate, stearate, endogenous, olead, phthalic ester, and siloxane. Based on the insecticide toxicity category, the insecticidal activity of both A. marina and E. agallocha leaves extracts were low and non-toxic. Further research is needed regarding variations in anti-insecticide of mangrove extract measurements in the future studies.

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