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INDONESIA
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Articles 134 Documents
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Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Kader Posbindu dalam Pengukuran Tinggi Badan Prediksi Lansia, Penyuluhan Gizi Seimbang dan Hipertensi Studi di Kecamatan Grogol Petamburan, Jakarta Barat Fatmah Fatmah; Yusran Nasution
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2012:MMI VOLUME 46 ISSUE 1 YEAR 2012
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Increased Posbindu cadres knowledge and skills on elderly predicted height measurement, balanced nutrition and hypertension education among elderly in Grogol Petamburan Subdistrict, West JakartaBackground: One strategy to increase the coverage of the elders’ visit to elders integrated service post (Posbindu) by conducting a training on improving the skills of cadres. They have tasks to measure height, weight and provide nutritional counseling for elderly. Many elderly can not be measured in standing height due to paralysis, disability and stooped due to kyphosis and osteoporosis. The results of the nutritional status assessment of elderly should be followed up by balanced nutrition and hypertension education. Theaim of study was to test the effect of training on the knowledge and skills of Posbindu cadres in predicted height and balanced nutrition counseling of elderly.Method: Study design was quasi-experimental one group pretest posttest towards 41 respondents (36 Posbindu cadres and 5 staffs of community health center) at Grogol Petamburan Subdictrict who have been trained previously. Knowledge were measured with a pre-post test questionnaire and the skills of cadres were observed for 3 months post-training using the checklist form.Result: Mean score of knowledge had significant difference between before and after training (p=0.000) and its increased by 22 points. There was significant difference between cadres skills before and after training in predicted height and balanced nutrition education (p=0.000). The level of cadres’ skills on moderate and high had significant difference after training.Conclusion: Cadres training improves performance of Posbindu cadres.Keywords: Training, posbindu cadres, knowledge, antropometric skills, balanced nutrition educationABSTRAKLatar belakang: Salah satu strategi upaya peningkatan cakupan kunjungan lanjut usia (lansia) ke posyandu lansia (Posbindu) adalah membekali keterampilan kader melalui pelatihan. Tugas kader antara lain melakukan pengukuran tinggi badan dan berat badan serta memberikan penyuluhan gizi bagi lansia. Namun kegiatan pengukuran antropometri dan penyuluhan gizi belum dilakukan secara tepat di Posbindu. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader Posbindumelalui pelatihan keterampilan antropometri tinggi badan prediksi (TB) dan penyuluhan gizi seimbang serta hipertensi lansia.Metode: Disain penelitian menggunakan metode quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest design pada 41 responden (36 kader Posbindu dan 5 petugas puskesmas) di Kecamatan Grogol Petamburan. Peningkatan pengetahuan diukur dengan angket pre-post test dan keterampilan kader diamati selama 3 bulan pasca pelatihan menggunakan form checklist.Hasil: Rerata skor pre dan post-test pengetahuan pengukuran antropometri lansia berbeda makna dan meningkat sebesar 22 butir. Perbedaan rerata keterampilan kader sebelum dan setelah pelatihan pada antropometri tinggi badan prediksi dan penyuluhan gizi seimbang lansia. Ada perbedaan keterampilan responden dengan tingkat cukup dan baik bila dibandingkan sebelum dan setelah pelatihan.Simpulan: Pelatihan kader meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kinerja kader Posbindu.
Pemberian Stimulasi Selama Satu Jam pada Perkembangan Anak Usia 12-24 Bulan Mira Irmawati; I Gusti Ayu Indah Ardani Ayu Indah Ardani; Dewi Astasari; Irwanto Irwanto; Ahmad Suryawan; Moersintowarti B Narendra
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2012:MMI VOLUME 46 ISSUE 3 YEAR 2012
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The influence of one hour stimulation in children aged 12-24 monthsIntroduction: Early stimulation plays an important role to reach optimal growth and development in children, especially cognitive, affective, and psychomotor developments. Stimulation has to be done continuously because this is important to maintain the connection between brain cells (synapse). Lack of stimulation can influence loss of brain cells functions. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of one hour stimulation on the development of children aged 12-24 months.Methods: An experimental analytic study with cohort prospective was conducted on children aged 12-24 months in Gubeng district, Surabaya, from September 2008-February 2009. Seventy healthy children were randomly divided into two groups, stimulation group and control group. Denver II was used to evaluate children’s developmental status, conducted before and after stimulation. Data analysis using McNemar and Chi Square test.Result: There were improvement on development in both groups, from 85.7% become to 94.3% in the stimulation group and 68.6% to 77.1% in the control group. There was a significant influence on children development, only 10% children did not have any development delay anymore in the stimulation group, but in the control group still 30% (p=0.042). After 3 months, there was an improvement of development in the stimulation group from suspect to normal in 80%, and 63.6% in the control group, but notsignificant (p=0.375 vs p=0.549).Conclusion: Early stimulation improves the development of children aged 12-24 months.Keywords: Children, aged 12-24 months, early stimulation, Denver II ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Stimulasi mempunyai peran penting untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, terutama fungsi kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor. Stimulasi yang terus menerus mengakibatkan hubungan antar sel otak (sinapsis) bisa berjalan dengan baik. Kurangnya stimulasi akan mengakibatkan hilangnya fungsi sel-sel otak ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian stimulasi selama 1 jam pada perkembangan anak usia 12-24 bulan.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara analitik prospektif kohort pada anak usia 12-24 bulan di Kecamatan Gubeng, Surabaya, mulai bulan September 2008 hingga Februari 2009. Tujuh puluh anak sehat secara acak dibagi dalam 2 kelompok, kelompok stimulasi dan kelompok kontrol. Denver II digunakan untuk menilai status perkembangan anak, sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Analisis data menggunakan uji McNemar dan Chi Square.Hasil: Didapatkan perbaikan perkembangan pada kedua kelompok, dari 85,7% menjadi 94,3% pada kelompok stimulasi, dan 68,6% menjadi 77,1% pada kelompok kontrol. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kemampuan perkembangan, hanya 10% tidak mengalami keterlambatan pada kelompok stimulasi, sedangkan kelompok kontrol 30% (p=0,042). Setelah 3 bulan, terjadi peningkatan perkembangan pada kelompok stimulasi dari subyek yang suspek menjadi normal sebesar 80%, dan kelompok kontrolsebesar 63,6%, tetapi tidak bermakna (p=0,375 vs p=0,549).Simpulan: Pemberian stimulasi satu jam meningkatkan kemampuan perkembangan anak usia 12-24 bulan.
Perilaku Kadarzi Ibu Balita Ditinjau dari Sudut Pengetahuan dan Prakteknya: Studi Kuantitatif di Suatu Wilayah Urban Fatma Fatma; Yusran Nasution
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2010:MMI VOLUME 44 ISSUE 2 YEAR 2010
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The behavior of underfives mothers on kadarzi from their knowledge and practice: a quantitative study in an urban area Background: Poor families at urban area have a high risk to get undernutrition due to low purchasing power for buying nutritious foods. To overcome it, The Indonesian government have been declared Kadarzi (Nutrition Awareness Family) movement since 1998 which aimed to establish nutrition awareness family for achievement an optimal nutritional status of family. However, until now the behavior’s of underfives mothers on Kadarzi at Jakarta City almost unknown because of the limited study on Kadarzi. Actually, role of mothers in family is very important as primary target to determine nutritional status quality of their underfives. Objective: The study aimed to identify the behavior of underfives mothers on Kadarzi from knowledge and practice sites at Penjaringan Village, Penjaringan Sub-district, North Jakarta. Methods: The study design was cross sectional using structured interview to 105 of mothers aged 18-45 years who are still have underfives children. Results: The study revealed that the majority of mothers had low knowledge and practice of Kadarzi due to lack of socialization from local community health centers. They were unfamiliar with the terminology of Kadarzi and considered that Kadarzi was identical with the terms of four healthy and five perfect for toddlers and pregnant women to improve their nutrition and health status. Conclusion: Lack of knowledge and practice on Kadarzi had role on the poor of mothers’ behavior on Kadarzi. Key words: Kadarzi behavior, knowledge, practiceABSTRAKLatar belakang: Keluarga miskin di wilayah perkotaan adalah kelompok paling berisiko terpapar masalah gizi kurang akibat rendahnya daya beli makanan bergizi. Untuk mengatasinya, pemerintah telah meluncurkan Gerakan Kadarzi (Keluarga Sadar Gizi) sejak tahun 1998 dengan tujuan untuk mewujudkan keluarga mandiri sadar gizi guna mencapai status gizi keluarga yang optimal. Namun hingga sekarang, perilaku Kadarzi ibu balita di wilayah miskin (kumuh) di Kota Jakarta hampir tidak diketahui akibat terbatasnya studi. Padahal peran ibu dalam keluarga sangat penting sebagai sasaran primer dalam menentukan kualitas gizi balitanya. Studi ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi perilaku Kadarzi dari sudut pengetahuan dan praktek ibu balita di Kelurahan Penjaringan, Kecamatan Penjaringan, Jakarta Utara. Metode: Desain studi adalah cross sectional dengan metode wawancara terstruktur pada 105 ibu usia 19-45 tahun yang masih memiliki anak balita. Hasil: Mayoritas ibu balita memiliki pengetahuan dan praktek Kadarzi yang rendah karena kurangnya sosialisasi dari puskesmas setempat. Mereka kurang mengenal istilah Kadarzi dan menganggapnya identik dengan terminologi empat sehat lima sempurna bagi anak balita dan ibu hamil untuk meningkatkan status gizi dan kesehatan. Simpulan: Rendahnya pengetahuan dan praktek ibu balita terhadap Kadarzi berperan terhadap minimnya perilaku Kadarzi ibu balita.
Pemberian Fenitoin Oral dan Timbulnya Hiperplasia Ginggiva pada Pasien Epilepsi Tranggono Yudo Utomo; Amin Husni; Farichah Hanum
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2011:MMI Volume 45 Issue 3 Year 2011
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ABSTRACTPhenytoin oral treatment and the development of ginggival hyperplasia in epileptic patientsBackground: Phenytoin is commonly used as a first line drug therapy for epilepsy because of its potency and low cost. Dosage and duration of oral phenytoin administration have been considered as important factors in the development of ginggival hyperplasia.Objective: To investigate whether dosage and duration of oral phenytoin usage were risk factors of ginggival hyperplasia in epileptic patients.Method: Twenty epileptic patiens with phenytoin monotherapy who developed ginggival hyperplasia, and 20 epileptic patients with phenytoin monotherapy without ginggival hyperplasia as a control group were studied. The history of illness, physical examination, fasting and post prandial blood glucose level, funduscopy, oral hygiene, index of hyperplasia scoring from Saymor were taken. Blood sample 3-5 cc were also taken to examine the level of phenytoin. Oral dose, serum dose and duration of administration were noted. Odd ratio was calculated by multiple regression statistic (95% confidence interval).Result: High dose of oral phenytoin was a significant risk factor of ginggival hyperplasia, (p<0.05), while duration of administration >6 months was not a risk factor (p=0.522). Adjusted by duration of oral phenytoin usage, high dose of oral phenytoin usage was still a significant risk factor for gingival hyperplasia, OR=29.14 (95%CI 3.8-291.9).Conclusion: High dose of phenytoin was a significant risk factor for ginggival hyperplasia.Keywords: Dosage and duration of phenytoin administration, ginggival hyperplasiaABSTRAKLatar belakang: Fenitoin sering digunakan sebagai lini pertama pengobatan epilepsi karena potensial dan ekonomis. Dosis dan lama pemberian fenitoin, dianggap sebagai faktor yang berperan dalam timbulnya hiperplasia ginggiva. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui apakah dosis fenitoin yang tinggi dan durasi pemberian fenitoin yang panjang merupakan faktor risiko terhadap timbulnya hiperplasia ginggiva pada penderita epilepsi.Metode: Dua puluh pasien epilepsi dengan monoterapi fenitoin yang mengalami hiperplasia ginggiva dan dua puluh pasien epilepsi dengan monoterapi fenitoin yang tidak hiperplasia ginggiva diambil sebagai studi kasus kontrol. Dilakukan anamnesa, pemeriksaan fisik, gula darah puasa dan postprandial, funduskopi, higine mulut, skoring hiperplasia Indek Saymor, pengambilan sampel darah serum fenitoin 3-5cc. Selanjutnya mendata dosis oral, dosis serum dan lama pemberian. Rasio odds (95% interval kepercayaan) dihitung dengan statistik multiple regresi.Hasil: Dosis tinggi fenitoin merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan terhadap risiko hiperplasia ginggiva (p<0,05), sementara lama pemberian obat >6 bulan tidak terbukti sebagai faktor risiko (p=0,522). Bila dikendalikan oleh faktor durasi, maka besar dosis fenitoin oral tetap merupakan faktor risiko hiperplasia ginggiva yang signifikan OR=29,14 (95%CI, 38-291,9) sedang lama pemberian fenitoin tetap bukan merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan.Simpulan: Dosis tinggi fenitoin merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan terhadap hiperplasia ginggiva.
Tinggi Badan yang Diukur dan Berdasarkan Tinggi Lutut Menggunakan Rumus Chumlea pada Lansia Etisa Adi Murbawani; Niken Puruhita; Yudomurti Yudomurti
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2012:MMI VOLUME 46 ISSUE 1 YEAR 2012
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Measured height and calculated height based on knee height using chumlea formula in elderlyBackground: Height is an important anthropometric measurement. Height calculation equation for elderly with dorsal deformity using knee height was developed by Chumlea. However, the equation is not appropriate for elderly in Asian population. The aim of this study was to compare measured height with calculated height based on knee height using Chumlea formula for elderly in Indonesia.Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in 86 elderly in geriatric outpatient clinic in Kariadi hospital, nursing home, and eldery integrated health service (posyandu lansia) in Semarang which were randomly selected in July-September 2009. The inclusion criteria were elderly without deformities and able to stand up straightly. Data collected were demography characteristics, height and knee height. Height was measured using microtoise, knee height was measured using knee calliper. Both microtoise and knee calliper had 0.1 cm accuracy. Data were analysed using Wilcoxon signed rank test.Result: Most samples were female, aged 59-88 years. The average age was 71±8.7 years. The average measured height in female and male subjects were 146.8±5.6 cm and 160.8±6.2 cm respectively. The average calculated height in female and male subjects were 154.3±7.03 cm and and 159.1±6.78 cm respectively. There was no different (p=0.077) in measured height and calculated height using Chumlea formula.Conclusion: There was no different in measured height and calculated height using Chumlea formula.Keywords: Elderly, height, knee height, nutritional assesmentABSTRAKLatar belakang: Tinggi badan merupakan salah satu indikator pengukuran antropometri yang penting. Persamaan perhitungan tinggi badan pada lansia (lanjut usia) dengan deformitas punggung telah dikembangkan oleh Chumlea. Persamaan yang ada saat ini tidak tepat untuk populasi Asia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kesesuaian antara tinggi badan yang diukur dengan microtoise dengan perhitungan berdasarkan tinggi lutut menggunakan rumus Chumlea untuk lansia di Indonesia.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah belah lintang. Subyek penelitian adalah 86 (delapan puluh enam) lansia yang menjadi pasien rawat jalan Poliklinik Geriatri di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, lansia yang menjadi penghuni panti wredha dan lansia yang menjadi anggota posyandu lansia di Semarang pada bulan Juli-September 2009. Kriteria inklusi pasien adalah tidak ada deformitas pada struktur tubuh dan mampu berdiri tegak. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik demografi, tinggi badan dan tinggilutut. Tinggi badan diukur menggunakan microtoise, sedangkan tinggi lutut diukur menggunakan knee calliper dengan akurasi 0,1 cm. Analisis data menggunakan uji beda Wilcoxon signed rank test.Hasil: Sebagian besar subyek berjenis kelamin perempuan, dengan usia 59-88 tahun. Rerata umur subyek sebesar 71±8,7 tahun. Rerata tinggi badan perempuan dan laki-laki adalah 146,8±5,6 cm, dan 160,8±6,2 cm. Rerata tinggi badan perempuan dan laki-laki dengan rumus Chumlea, adalah 154,3±7,03 cm dan 159,1±6,78 cm, dengan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna (p=0,077).Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan pengukuran tinggi badan menggunakan microtoise dan rumus Chumlea.
Pola Makan dan Pertumbuhan Bobot Tubuh Tikus yang Diinokulasi Porphyromonas gingivalis Sebelum dan Sesudah Terjadinya Periodontitis Praptiwi Praptiwi; Enik Sulistyowati; Kustiyono Kustiyono
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2009:MMI VOLUME 43 ISSUE 5 YEAR 2009
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Food pattern and body weight growth of rat inoculation by porphyromonas gingivalis before and after periodontitisBackground: The rat model of periodontitis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) were selected to prove that energy requirement is rising in periodontitis, as well as the body mass erosion that giving influence to growth. This study aimed to get food consumption pattern and the lowest growth of body weight which would give information about time period to deliver nutrients needed to increase body weight to fasten healing.Methods: Experimental study was done using 63 Wistar adult, healthy male rat in Laboratorium Penelitian dan Pengujian Terpadu Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta in 2007-2008. The subject study were induced periodontitis by bacterial innoculation using P. gingivalis. The objects of the study were food consumption pattern and growth of body weight. Food consumption pattern was percentage of subject finishing food devided by total subject, before and during periodontitis period. Growth of body weight is mean of increasing body weight of 2 adjacent periodontitis period devided by length of day between the 2 periods.Results: The beginning of subject finishing the food was the time when periodontitis identified by Pathology Anatomic examination. Amount of subject finishing the food was variable according to periodontitis process. The growth of body weight before and during periodontitis was inclining by age. The highest incremental of mean body weight per day was observed before periodontitis until the beginning of periodontitis. The lowest incremental of mean body weight was found between the beginning of periodontitis tochronical period 1, as long as 7 days.Conclusions: The subject study began to finish the food since the beginning of periodontitis. During 7 days period from the beginning of periodontitis to chronical period 1, there was the lowest incremental body weight.Keywords: Periodontitis, food pattern, weight growthABSTRAKLatar belakang: Model tikus yang mengalami periodontitis dengan inokulasi P. gingivalis dipilih untuk membuktikan bahwa kebutuhan energi pada periodontitis meningkat dan terjadi erosi massa tubuh yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian adalah diperolehnya pola makan serta pertumbuhan bobot tubuh (BT) terendah, yang akan memberikan gambaran periode waktu pemberian zat-zat gizi untuk meningkatkan bobot tubuh guna mempercepat penyembuhan.Metode: Dilakukan studi eksperimental pada 63 ekor tikus Wistar jantan dewasa di Laboratorium Penelitian dan Pengujian Terpadu Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta tahun 2007-2008. Subyek studi diinokulasi dengan P. gingivalis hingga terjadi periodontitis. Penilaian periodontitis dengan pemeriksaan Patologi Anatomik dari sediaan jaringan periodontal. Pola makan yaitu persentase subyek dengan pakan habis terhadap keseluruhan subyek studi, sebelum dan selama periodontitis. Pertumbuhan BT adalah rerata bobot tubuh 2 periode periodontitis yang berurutan dibagi lama hari antara 2 periode tersebut.Hasil: Awal pakan habis dimulai dari teridentifikasinya periodontitis melalui pemeriksaan Patologi Anatomik. Besaran subyek dengan pakan habis bervariasi menurut proses periodontitis. Pertumbuhan BT sebelum dan selama periodontitis menunjukkan peningkatan dengan bertambahnya umur. Peningkatan rerata BT per hari menunjukkan nilai tertinggi pada periode sebelum periodontitis ke awal periodontitis. Nilai terendah peningkatan rerata BT terdapat pada awal periodontitis ke periode kronik 1, selama 7 hari.Simpulan: Subyek studi mulai menghabiskan pakan sejak dimulai periodontitis. Selama 7 hari dari awal periodontitis sampai periode kronik 1, terjadi peningkatan rerata BTterendah
Pain Stimulated by Electric Foot Shock to Liver and Spleen Microscopic Immunological Response Features (BALB/c Mice Experimental Study) Dwi Pudjonarko; M Naharuddin Jenie; Udadi Sadhana
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2010:MMI VOLUME 44 ISSUE 1 YEAR 2010
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Background: Pain affects immune system by decreasing type I-immune response that might be seen on microscopic features of liver and spleen. The objective of the study is to prove the effect of pain to immune response that confirmed by liver microabscess formation, hepatocytes destruction and spleen multinucleated giant cells of Balb/c mice suffered from pain.Method: This study adapts Laboratory Experimental and Post-Test Only Control Group Design. The samples were 12 female BALB/c mice (average weight 21.88 (SD=1.75) grams and divided into two groups. The control group (C) received no other additional treatment. The Pain (P) group received pain stimulated by Electric Foot Shock (EFS) 1-3 mA at day 12th to 21st. All groups were intravenously injected with 104 live L. monocytogenes at day 21st and sacrificed at day 26th by chloroform anaesthesia. Then, liver microabscess formation, hepatocytes destruction and spleen multinucleated giant cells were counted. Data were analyzed by independent t-test (significant if p<0.05).Result: There were significant differences in the liver microabscess formation, hepatocytes destruction and spleen multinucleated giant cells (p<0.05) between the groups. The number of liver microabscess formation and hepatocytes destruction in the P group were higher than C group. The number of spleen multinucleated giant cells in the P group were lower than C group. Conclusion: Pain has an immunosuppressive effect not only on high liver microabscess formation and hepatocytes destruction, but also low spleen multinucleated giant cells.ABSTRAKPengaruh nyeri yang distimulasi electric foot shock terhadap gambaran mikroskopis respon imunologis di hepar dan lien. (Studi eksperimental pada mencit Balb/c).Latar belakang: Nyeri dapat mempengaruhi imunitas tubuh dengan menurunkan produksi sitokin tipe 1 yang kemungkinan akan mempengaruhi gambaran mikroskopis respon imunologis baik di hepar maupun lien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan penurunan imunitas seluler yang dilihat dari mikroabses dan kerusakan hepatosit pada hepar serta sel datia lien mencit BALB/c yang mendapatkan stimulasi nyeri dengan electric foot shock (EFS).Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik, dengan pendekatan the post test–only control group design yang menggunakan 12 ekor mencit betina strain BALB/c, umur 6-8 minggu dan rerata barat badan 21,88 (SD=1,75) gram. Sampel dibagi dalam 2 kelompok dan mendapatkan makanan standar. Pada kelompok Kontrol (K), mencit tidak mendapatkan perlakuan, sedangkan kelompok Nyeri (N), mencit mendapat sensasi nyeri menggunakan EFS mulai hari ke-12 sampai 21. Pada hari ke-21, semua mencit disuntik 104 listeria monocytogenes hidup iv. Dilakukan terminasi mencit pada hari ke-26 untuk dilakukan penghitungan mikroabses dan kerusakan hepatosit pada hepar serta sel datia lien. Dilakukan uji beda antar kelompok perlakuan dengan independent t-test. Perbedaan dinyatakan bermakna bila didapatkan nilai p<0,05.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada jumlah mikroabses dan kerusakan hepatosit pada hepar serta sel datia lien pada mencit yang distimulasi nyeri dengan EFS dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05). Stimulasi nyeri dengan EFS menyebabkan mikroabses dan kerusakan hepatosit pada hepar lebih tinggi terhadap kontrol, sedangkan sel datia pada lien jumlahnya lebih rendah bila dibandingkan kontrol
Korelasi Kadar TNF-α dan Skor Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) pada Pasien Psoriasis Asih Budiastuti
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2011:MMI Volume 45 Issue 2 Year 2011
Publisher : MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA

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ABSTRACTCorrelation of serum TNF-α levels and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score in psoriatic patientsBackround: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by erythematous scaly patches. Psoriasis affects ±2.5% of world population, and 20-30% patients have moderate to severe psoriasis. Psoriatic patients have increased proinflammatory Th1 cytokines expression, including TNF-α, with relative deficiency of Th2 cytokines. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) is a subjective method which commonly used to measure disease severity. This study was aimed to determine the correlation betweenserum TNF-α level and PASI score, in order to obtain objective method for measuring disease severity.Method: This was an observational study performed psoriatic patients. Subjects underwent PASI score examination and serum TNF-α assay using ELISA.Result: Subjects were 16 patients (6 females and 10 males), with mean age of 51 years. Serum TNF-α levels ranged from 15,0-202,4 pg/mL. PASI score ranged from 0,3-55,8. The test showed no significant correlation between PASI score and serum TNF-α level. (ρ=-0,265; p=0,322)Conclusion: Serum TNF-α can not be used as clinical parameter of psoriasis severity.Keywords: Psoriasis, TNF-α, PASI scoreABSTRAKLatar belakang: Psoriasis adalah penyakit peradangan kronik dengan gambaran klinis berupa plakat bersisik berwarna merah terang. Penyakit ini mengenai ±2,5% dari populasi dunia, dimana 20-30% menderita psoriasis sedang sampai berat. Pada psoriasis terjadi peningkatan ekspresi sitokin pro inflamasi Th1, di antaranya TNF-α, dan defisiensi relatif sitokin Th2. Skor psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) adalah metode yang paling banyak digunakan untuk mengukur derajat keparahan psoriasis, namun metode ini bersifat subyektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan apakah terdapat korelasi antara kadar TNF-α serum dan skor PASI, guna mendapatkan parameter obyektif untuk mengukur derajat keparahan psoriasis.Metoda: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional pada pasien psoriasis. Subyek penelitian menjalani pemeriksaan skor PASI, lalu diperiksa kadar TNF-α serum menggunakan metode ELISA.Hasil: Subyek penelitian terdiri atas 16 penderita (6 wanita dan 10 laki-laki) dengan rerata usia 51 tahun. Rentang kadar TNF-α pada penderita 15,0 pg/mL -202,4 pg/mL. Rentang skor PASI penderita adalah 0,3-55,8. Uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna (ρ=-0,265; p=0,322) antara skor PASI dan kadar TNF-α, tanpa pengendalian berbagai faktor pengganggu.Simpulan: Kadar TNF-α serum belum dapat dipakai sebagai parameter keparahan psoriasis
Kadar TNF-, IL-6 dan Trofoblas pada Preeklampsia-Eklampsia Indrato Adi Susian; Suharsono Suharsono; S Hadijono
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2009:MMI VOLUME 43 ISSUE 4 YEAR 2009
Publisher : MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA

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The level of TNF-, IL-6 and trophoblast in preeclampsia-eclampsiaBackground: Pre eclampsia–eclampsia (PE-E) is the highest cause of maternal death. Up to the present time, PE-E is still the disease of theories, where the patofisiology is still unclear. Invitro research reported that increase of TNF–α and IL–6 in PE-E will cause the placenta hypoxia. This condition will trigger the secretion of pro inflammatory cytokine from fetoplacenta which will cause the rejection in trophoblast invasion. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the TNF–α and IL–6 rate/expression with infarct and placental tissue apoptosis.Methods: The study was done during the period of July 2005–October 2005. The subjects were 17 parturient non PE-E and 18 parturient PE-E who delivered at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang. The TNF–α and IL–6 rate/expression were measured from the blood sample and placental tissue with ELISA method and imunohystochemical by acidine orange painting. The difference of TNF–α and IL–6 rate/expression with the size of infarct and apoptosis were tested by Mann-Whitney test and the correlation with Spearman test.Results: The mean size of infarct in normal subjects was 12.5% compared to PE-E which was 35.3% (p=0.001). The percentage of apoptosis in normal and PE-E subjects were 32.3% and 71.0% respectively (p=0.001). The mean rate of TNF–α of placenta and blood serum in normal and PE-E subjects were 1.7 pg/mL, 2.0 pg/mL, 2.3 pg/mL and 2.8 pg/mL respectively (P1 and P2 <0.001). The mean placenta and blood serum IL-6 in normal and PE-E subjects were 0.6 pg/mL, 1.3 pg/mL, 1.4 pg/mL, and 2.0 pg/mLrespectively showing significant difference between the two groups. There were strong associations between placenta and serum TNF–α and IL–6 with the size of infarct and percentage of placenta apoptosis.Conclusions: The level of pro inflammatory cytokine in serum as well as in placenta of subjects with PE-E is higher than those without PE-E and there is strong correlation between pro inflammatory cytokine expression in serum and placenta with the size of infarct and placental apoptosis.Keywords: TNF-α, IL-6, infarct, apoptosis, placenta, preeclampsia, eclampsia.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Preeklampsia-Eklampsia (PE-E) merupakan penyebab kematian maternal paling tinggi. Sampai saat ini PE-E masih merupakan the disease of theories, dengan patofisiologi yang masih belum diketahui dengan jelas. Pada penelitian invitro dilaporkan peningkatan kadar TNF-α dan IL-6 dapat menimbulkan hipoksia plasenta. Hal tersebut dapat memicu sekresi sitokin proinflamasi dari fetoplasenta yang akan menyebabkan penolakan invasi trofoblas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar/ekspresi TNF-α dan IL-6 dengan infark dan apoptosis jaringan plasenta.Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan pada periode Juli 2005–Oktober 2005. Subjek penelitian adalah 17 parturient non PE-E dan 18 parturient PE-E yang melahirkan di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Kadar/ekspresi TNF-α dan IL-6 diukur dari sampel darah vena dan jaringan plasenta dengan metode ELISA dan imunohistokimia (Quantikine, USA). Luas infark plasenta diukur secara makroskopik, apoptosis diukur secara imunohistokimia dengan pengecatan acridine orange. Perbedaan kadar/ekspresi TNF-α, IL-6, luas infark dan persentase apoptosis antara subjek normal dengan PE-E diuji dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Korelasi antara TNF-α dan IL-6 dengan luas infark dan apoptosis diuji dengan uji korelasi Spearman.Hasil: Rerata luas infark subjek normal adalah 12.5%, sedangkan pada PE-E adalah 35.3% (p=0.001). Persentase apoptosis subjek non PE-E dan PE-E adalah 32.3%, dan 71.0% (p=0.001). Rerata kadar TNF-α plasenta subjek non PE-E dan PE-E adalah 1.7 pg/mL, dan 2.0 pg/mL (p<0.001). Rerata kadar TNF-α serum subjek non PE-E dan PE-E adalah 2.3 pg/mL, dan 2.8 pg/mL (p<0.001). Rerata kadar IL-6 plasenta subjek normal adalah 0.6 pg/mL, pada PE-E adalah 1.3 pg/mL (p<0.001). Rerata kadar IL-6 serum subjek non PE-E dan PE-E adalah 1.4 pg/mL, dan 2.0 pg/mL (p<0.001). Dijumpai korelasi kuat antara TNF-α, IL-6 serum dan plasenta dengan luas infark dan persentase apoptosis plasenta  (p<0.001).Simpulan: Kadar sitokin proinflamasi pada serum maupun plasenta parturient PE-E lebih tinggi dibanding non PE-E. Ada hubungan antara kadar/ekspresi sitokin proinflamasi pada serum dan plasenta dengan luas infark dan apoptosis jaringan plasenta
Tempe Koro Benguk (Mucuna pruriens L) dan Pengendalian Glikemi: Studi pada tikus Sprague Dawley yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin Ch. Retnaningsih; Darmono Darmono; Budi Widianarko; Fatimah Muis
MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA 2013:MMI VOLUME 47 ISSUE 1 YEAR 2013
Publisher : MEDIA MEDIKA INDONESIANA

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ABSTRACTVelvet bean tempe and glycemic control in streptozotocin induced Sprague Dawley ratsBackground: Modern treatment combined with functional food rich in antioxidants show the considered to control glycemic status. Such functional food is velvet bean tempe (VBT) rich in flavonoids. The study aimed to analyze the effect of the velvet bean tempe on glycemic control i.e. the blood glucose levelMethods: A randomized controlled group pre test-post test design using 50 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats aged 2-3 months was carried out for 30 days. The rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups: negative control (C-), positive control (C+), streptozotocin (STZ)+10%VBT, STZ+20% VBT, STZ+30% VBT. Data were analyzed with paired T test, one-way Anova and continued with Duncan’s multiple range test. Analysis of blood glucose levels used with super glucocard II test meter, and for C peptide levels ELISA was used.Result: Supplementation of VBT 20% and VBT10% reduced the level of blood glucose until 46.1% and improve the level of C peptide until 44,3±8,3 pg/ml respectively.Conclusion: Velvet bean tempe has the potency as functional food to help controlling glycemic status.Keywords: Velvet bean tempe, glycemic control, streptozococinABSTRAKLatar belakang: Pengobatan modern dikombinasikan dengan pangan fungsional yang kaya antioksidan dapat menjadi pertimbangan untuk memperbaiki status glikemi. Jenis bahan pangan tersebut adalah tempe koro, memiliki banyak senyawa antioksidan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh tempe koro benguk terhadap pengendalian status glikemi pada tikus Sprague Dawley yang diinduksi streptozotocin.Metode: Penelitian randomized pre test-post test control group design, dilakukan menggunakan 50 ekor tikus jantan jenis Sprague Dawley umur 2-3 bulan selama 30 hari yang dibagi kelompok kontrol negatif/C-; positif/ C+; STZ+ tempe koro benguk 10%;  STZ+tempe koro benguk 20%; STZ+tempe koro benguk 30%. Dilakukan pemeriksaan glukosa darah menggunakan super glucocard II test meter dan C peptida menggunakan ELISA.Hasil: Asupan tempe koro benguk dalam berbagai dosis menurunkan kadar glukosa hingga 46, 1% dan penurunan terbesar pada tikus yang diberi tempe koro benguk 20%. Selain itu tempe koro benguk dapat meningkatkan kadar C peptida hingga 44,3±8,3 pg/ml, peningkatan terbesar pada tikus yang diberi tempe koro benguk 10%.Simpulan: Tempe koro benguk dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai pangan fungsional dalam mengendalikan glikemi pada tikus hiperglikemi.

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