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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education

biosaintifika
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Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang

ISSN : 2085191X EISSN : 23387610 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.

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Articles 62 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018" : 62 Documents clear

Plantlets Regeneration from Crown Bud Slicing of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain; Neliyati, Neliyati; Eliyanti, Eliyanti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Pineapple propagation by lateral shoots, suckers or crowns is often confronted with limited number of regenerated seedlings and high diversity in flowering and fruit formation. In order to solve this problem, this study offer an alternative method by using tissue culture techniques. This study aimed to determine the effect of growth regulators on plantlet regeneration from bud slicing of pineapple cv. Tangkit. Four levels of 2.4-D (0.0, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 ppm) in combination with BA (0.0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 ppm) were tested on solid MS medium. Cultures were incubated in total darkness for a week followed by transfer to 16-hour photoperiod. Results showed that explants treated with 2,4-D and/or BA succeeded in regenerating adventitious shoots. Average leaf number did not differ significantly among treatments (P = 0.60). Highest leaf number (2.99 ± 0.23) was obtained on medium with 0.01 ppm 2,4-D without BA, followed by 0.1 ppm 2,4-D without BA (2.85 ± 0.33). Meanwhile, roots were only formed on medium with 0.1 ppm 2.4-D without BA (4.2 ± 0.37 per shoot). Thus, complete plantlets were regenerated only on medium supplemented with 0.1 ppm 2,4-D without BA. The growth of plantlets was relatively uniform, and plantlet acclimatization succeeded 100% on Jiffy pots. The finding of optimum concentration of 2.4-D and BA in this study is important to develop standard protocol for in vitro propagation of pineapple cv. Tangkit. Thus, the benefit of producing seeds in large quantities and relatively uniform in growth is made possible through tissue culture technique.

Relationship of Bird Diversity and Plant Composition Inside The Area Campus Green Space of Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor, Sumedang West Java Nurjaman, Deden; Husodo, Teguh; Megantara, Erri Noviar; Hadikusumah, Herri Y.; Wulandari, Indri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Padjadjaran University (UNPAD) Jatinangor is currently conducting green Campus program. To support the program, a study of biota living in it, as one of the benchmarks of good or bad environmental conditions, is needed. The green space of Jatinangor Campus is divided into two clusters namely Cluster I green space (Campus Forest) and green space Cluster II (Campus Non Forest). The objective of the research was to know the relationship between diversity of birds with diversity of plants in the green space of Cluster I (Campus Forest) and Cluster II (Campus Non Forest) UNPAD Campus Jatinangor as one of the parameters of successful development of green Campus. This research is descriptive-explorative with census method on bird species and plant composition from green spaces of Cluster I (Campus Forest) and Cluste II (Campus Non Forest) Campus UNPAD Jatinangor. From the observations in Cluster I, we identified 46 species of birds and 77 species of plants, whereas in Cluster II, we identified 32 species of birds and 74 types of plants. The number of bird species is directly proportional to the number of plant species from Cluster I and Cluster II green spaces. From this study it was concluded that the diversity of tree species supports the diversity of bird species.

Effect of Ethanol and IPTG on the Recombinant Jembrana Trans-Activator of Transcriptation Protein Expression Indriawati, Indriawati; Salfia, Mega; Susanti, R; Margawati, Endang Tri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Jembrana diseases are caused by Jembrana Diseases Virus (JDV). The previous study showed that Jembrana Trans-Activator of Trancriptation (JTAT) recombinant protein is effective as a vaccine for Jembrana diseases. The production of JTAT protein needs to be optimized to obtain a higher amount of vaccine. High expression of JTAT protein will produce a high vaccine product. This study aimed to examine the effect of the addition of ethanol and IPTG in E. coli media on the expression of JTAT recombinant protein. This research was experimental research with factorial RAL design with a variation factor of ethanol and IPTG. Qualitatively, the induction of each IPTG, ethanol and interaction between the two could induce the expression of JTAT protein and could be identified with SDS-PAGE at ±11.8 kDa. Statistically, the induction of IPTG, ethanol and interaction between the two were not significantly different. Qualitative and quantitative data show that ethanol can induce JTAT protein expression. This result can be used as a preliminary study to test the effectiveness of ethanol as a substitute for IPTG in inducing the recombinant protein expression.

Predicting Invasion Probability from Botanic Gardens using Exotic Species Traits Junaedi, Decky Indrawan; Mutaqien, Zaenal
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Preventative management, such as framework-based assessment, considered as the best option for invasive species management. Alternatively, risk assessment can be conducted based on traits of occurred invasive species to build prediction system for invasive risk assessment. This study aimed to test whether trait-based assessment system can differentiate the escaped from non-escaped exotic collections of botanic gardens and to compare the reliability of trait-based versus framework-based risk assessment on differentiating these escaped from non-escaped exotics. In this study, Bayesian logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the reliability of framework-based and trait-based risk assessment systems. For trait-based system, clear effect of leaf trait, height, and dispersal method to escape probability was detected. For framework-based system, clear effect of Tropical Weed Risk Assessment Protocol on escape probability was detected. Leaf trait, dispersal method and height are reliable predictors for escaped probability of botanic gardens exotic collection. The fact that the reliability of trait-based assessment systems is better than the commonly used framework-based system is the main novel finding in this study. This finding implies that trait-based is better than framework-based for invasive species risk assessment approach in Indonesian botanic gardens. Trait-based assessment also a relevant tool to support management with limited resources to conduct adequate early risk assessment.

Profile of SGPT and SGOT on Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Hyperglycemic After Giving Insulin Leaf Extract (Tithonia diversifolia) Yuneldi, Rizki Fitrawan; Saraswati, Tyas Rini; Yuniwarti, Enny Yusuf Wachidah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

The leaves of insulin (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) are native bush plants from Central America. This plant in Indonesia is often called paitan or kembang bulan. The aim of this research was to know the profile of SGPT and SGOT of male white rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) hyperglycemic after giving insulin leaf extract (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray). This study used 20 male Wistar rats which were divided randomly into 5 groups of treatment. Those were P0 as a group of rats which was not given alloxan and insulin leaf extract, P1 as a group of rats which was given alloxan without insulin leaf extract, P2 as a group of rats which was given alloxan and glibenclamide 2 mg/Body Weight (BW)/day, P3 as a group of rats which was given alloxan and insulin leaf extract 30 mg/BW/day, P4 as a group of rats which was given alloxan and insulin leaf extract 60 mg/BW/day. Each treatment was repeated as many as 4 replications. The results of this study indicated that there was no significant differences in all variables, namely levels of SGPT, SGOT, liver weight, body weight and Hepatosomatic index (HSI), so it can be concluded that giving insulin leaf extract (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) of 30 mg/BW/day and 60 mg/BW/day could improve liver function of hyperglycemic male white rats (R. norvegicus L.).

Phylogenetic Analysis of Polyporous Fungi Collected from Batam Botanical Garden, Riau Province, Indonesia Lestari, Anis Sri; Zulfiana, Deni; Zulfitri, Apriwi; Krishanti, Ni Putu Ratna Ayu; Kartika, Titik
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Botanical gardens are areas that provide protection for trees and other organisms like polyporous fungi. Polyporous fungi are important fungi that degrade remaining lignocellulosic in leaf litter or dead trees. These mycobiota are also noted for their vital role in biorefinery, bioremediation, medicine and phytopathogen. The knowledge of the importance of the polyporous fungi to describe polyporous fungal species is fundamental for generating data base information of their occurrence and their functions. This research’s goal was to explore and characterize the polyporous fungi collected in Batam Botanical Garden in three sampling areas. Fungal samples were collected in May and July 2017. Subsequently, morphological characters were recorded, the fungal tissue was isolated to extract the DNA, then the data sequence was amplified and aligned to construct a phylogenetic tree. Five fungal families found belong to order Polyporales and were classified morphologically. They were Polyporaceae, Ganodermataceae, Fomitopsidaceae, Irpicaceae and Hymenochaetaceae. Three fungal species namely; Pycnoporus sanguineus, Trametes ijubarskii, and Antrodia wangii were identified based on phyllogenetic analysis whereas seven other fungal samples were identified as Earliella scabrosa, Hexagonia tenuis, Polyporus tenuiculus Lenzites betulina, Lentinus concavus, Phellinus rimosus and Hexagonia apiaria. This study classifies and adds fundamental databases on fungal taxonomy and diversity on the fungal organisms found in Batam Botanical Garden. This background data is vital to carry out an advance research in some areas such as bio-chemistry, bio-degradation, pharmacology and biotechnology.

Sex Determination in Male and Female Melopsittacus undulates using a Morphometric Method Baehaqi, Ibnu; Saraswati, Tyas Rini; Yuniwarti, Enny Yusuf Wachidah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Parakeets (Melopsittacus undulates) are classified parrot order Psittaciformes. Parakeets are monomorphic birds whose sex is difficult to be distinguished. Sex identification is very important for breeding efforts in order to increase the parakeet population. External morphology was determined to identify the sex of the birds. This research was conducted to determine the sex of parakeets (male and female). This study used five male and five female parakeets aged 4 months as the study objects. This study used the quantitative and qualitative method. Results of this study was verified by performing surgery to determine the sex of parakeet based on their reproductive organs. The t-test results of morphometric characteristics showed no significant different in the length of body, upper bill, lower bill, wing, tail, femur, tibial-tarsus, tarsometatarsus and digits as well as the body weight between male and female parakeets. The color of the cere was useful to accurately determine sex in parakeets (blue in males and white in females). This research provided information to the public about the differences between male and female parakeets for the selection of good broodstock in order to increase their population in captivity.

Potential of Chemolitotrophic Bacteria From Gold Mining Area in Sulfur Oxidation Process Fitriyani, Nur Lu'lu; Irianto, Agus; Pramono, Hendro
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Gold in nature is covered by rocks which contain sulfide minerals such as pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, and others sulfide minerals. Chemolithotrophic bacteria have the ability to oxidize the sulfur compounds and can be used in the process of releasing gold from carrier rocks which contain sulfide minerals. This research aimed to explore and identify the chemolithotrophic bacteria from gold mining areas as well as determine their potential for sulfur oxidation. The methods used in this study were exploring the potential of bacteria in sulfur oxidation and describing the variety of bacteria that were isolated from gold mining areas by 16s rRNA identification. The results showed that there were six isolates from isolation with Starkey solid medium, i.e. Bl-1, B1-2, B1-3, B1-4, B1-5 and B1-6 that were similar to Paenibacillus sp., Enterobacter ludwigiis train E8-13, uncultured Burkholderia sp., Uncultured bacterium clone N4.5, Bacillus subtilis strain CICC 10023, and Bacterium enrichment culture clone 02 respectively. The B1-3 isolate showed the highest increase of sulfate compound in the medium (8.04 % at 649.55 ppm). This indigenous bacteria will be able to be used to release gold from rock which contains sulfide minerals and reduce the use of hazardous chemicals commonly used in gold mining.

Home Range Estimation and Food Plants Preference of Presbytiscomata at Situ Patengan Nature Reserve Widiana, Ana; Januari, R. Robbi; Hasby, Rizal Maulana; Yuliawati, Astri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Surili (Presbytis comata) is one of endemic primates of West Java whose existence is protected. The purpose of the research was to determine the estimated home range and the preferences of food plant of P. comata at Situ Patengan Nature Reserve, West Java. The home range was determined by the minimum convex polygon method by connecting the coordinates of the outermost entire outer area groups. Focal animal sampling and Ad-libitum methods were applied to obtain data of food preferences in details. The result showed that home range of several P. comata groupsat Situ Patengan Nature Reserve were varied. The home range of group A, B, C, and D were covering 3.52 Ha, 4.43 Ha, 3.76 Ha, and 3.14 Ha respectively, while the solitary individual has a home range covering 2.64 Ha. There were 27 species from 16 families of plants that was directly consumed by P. comata. P. comata more often consumed Castanopsis javanica (10.07%), C. argentea (9.35%), C. tungurut (7.91%), Sloneasigun (7.91%), and Quercus sp (7.19%). This data can be useful as a reference in P. Comata population and habitat management especially in the area of Situ Patengan.

Growth and Survival Evaluation of Oreochromis Sp fed Hermetia illucens Larva and Manihot esculenta leaves Meal Aini, Nur; Nugroho, Rudy Agung; Hariani, Nova
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

This study was conducted to compare the effects of dietary substitution of fish meal (FM) with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSFM) and Manihot esculenta leaves meal (MEM) on the growth and feed efficiency of Oreochromis sp. Four concentrations viz: P1 (25%): 50g BSFM and 25g MEM, P2 (50%): 100g BSFM and 50g MEM, P3 (75%): 150g BSFM and 75g MEM, P4 (100%): 200g BSFM and 100g MEM were prepared and tested against control without FM replacement. Each diet was fed to three replicates groups of fish at a rate of 5% of body weight two times per day for 30 days. At the end of the trial, growth parameters, Feed conversion rate (FCR), and feed efficiency (FE) were evaluated. The results showed that fish fed dietary substitution of FM with combination ratio of BSFM and MEM higher than 50% significantly improved all growth parameters, FCR and FE. It is therefore suggested that the partial (higher than 50%) or total replacement of fish meal with combination of BSFM and MEM in the diet of Oreochromis sp can be used as fish meal substitution to obtain better growth and feed efficiency.

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Dr. Ir. Dyah Rini Indriyanti

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Journal Mail Official
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Kota semarang,

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