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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 103   104   105   106   107 
Protein and Cholesterol Levels of Duck Eggs after the Addition of Nanochitosan as a Feed Additive Sunarno Sunarno; Elsa Ayu Kusuma; Agung Janika Sitasiwi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41180

Abstract

Nanochitosan is a polysaccharide that can be used as a feed additive to improve the chemical quality of eggs. Protein and cholesterol levels are indicators of the chemical quality of eggs that affect egg weight. This study aims to analyze the effect of nanochitosan as a feed additive on improving the chemical quality of eggs in terms of protein content, cholesterol content, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, and duck egg weight. This study was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10 g nanochitosan/kg feed) with 5 replications. Treatment of feed was given for 8 weeks. Variables measured included protein content, cholesterol level, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, and duck egg weight. Data was analyzed using ANOVA at 5% significance. The results showed that nanochitosan as a feed additive had a significant effect on increasing protein content, egg white weight, egg yolk weight, egg weight and cholesterol reduction. The conclusion of this study is that nanochitosan can be used as a feed additive that has potential to improve the chemical quality of duck eggs. The novelty of this research is the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive to improve the performance of livestock in increasing protein levels and reducing cholesterol levels in pengging duck eggs. The results of this study are expected to open up opportunities regarding the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive in various other local ducks in Indonesia.
Development of Photomyxotrophic Culture Protocol of Lemongrass Through Sucrose Concentration Increase and Light Intensity Decrease Desy Irmawati; Enni Suwarsi Rahayu
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.38303

Abstract

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Randle) plantlets are interesting to be used as tissue culture-based souvenir. The success of plantlet propagation through photomyxotrophic culture is influenced by several factors, including sucrose concentration and light intensity. The research aimed to analyze the effect of sucrose concentration and light intensity on the growth of lemongrass plantlets. This experimental research used randomized block factorial design with two factors, namely sucrose concentration (0 g/l, 10 g/l, 20 g/l, 30 g/l) and light intensity (2000 lux, 3000 lux, 4000 lux, 5000 lux). The variables observed were some parameters of growth and development of plantlet. The data were analyzed with two-way Analyses of Variance and Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results showed that sucrose concentration had significant effect on the number of shoots and leaves of plantlet. The light intensity and the interaction of both factors had also significant effect on the number of shoots and leaves. The most optimal treatments were sucrose of 20 g/l and light intensity of 3000 lux.  The results of this study innovate the tissue culture technique using photomyxotrophic system in order to produce sterile lemongrass plantlets in large quantities.
Polyketide Synthase Gene Domain Exploration of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Collected From Weh Island Sukmawan Fajar Santosa; Nazaruddin Nazaruddin; Wahyu Eka Sari; Febriani Febriani
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42980

Abstract

Sponges have long been known as a source for isolating secondary metabolites. These natural compounds are biosynthetic products of symbiont bacteria from various phyla colonizing sponge tissue. Some symbiont bacteria are known to produce bioactive compounds that would have antibacterial activity, such as polyketide, due to competition in colonizing and obtaining nutrients from their hosts. In general, this study aims to explore the biosynthetic potential of seven sponge-symbiont bacteria by detecting the gene domain involved in the production of polyketide compounds. Sponge-symbiont bacteria isolation was carried out on one species of sponge collected from a depth of ±15 m in the Iboih area, Weh Island, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The bacteria was allowed to grow in Sea Water Complete agar medium and incubated at 280C for 10-14 days. The production of polyketide compounds involves the enzyme polyketide synthase (PKS). Polyketide synthase was detected by detecting the encoding gene domain involved in the production of polyketide compounds using PCR method. Five of the seven isolates of sponge symbiont bacteria were detected to contain the PKS gene domain. Furthermore, molecular identification confirm by 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the isolates belonged to the phylum Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. The result indicated that the sponge symbiont bacteria collected from Weh Island had the biosynthetic potential to produce polyketide compounds. These compounds would have antimicrobial activities that will play a major role in the medical field. Research related to screening PKS genes in marine sponge symbionts bacteria from Weh Island has never been reported before, thus adding to the novelty of this research.
Rat Liver Function Induced By A High-Fat Diet After Giving Mahogany Seeds Ethanol Extract Agave Chintya Gabriella Sijabat; Sri Isdadiyanto; Agung Janika Sitasiwi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.44632

Abstract

Intake of a high-fat diet can cause hyperlipidemia which increases the rate of triglycerides and cholesterol, and decrease the HDL levels. The increase of lipid levels in the blood can cause Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) which triggers damage of liver function. Mahogany seeds have bioactive compounds that have the potential to be antioxidants in treating hyperlipidemia. This study aimed to analyze the liver function of rats by inducing a high-fat diet after giving mahogany seeds ethanol extract which was observed through the levels of SGOT and SGPT. Thirty male rats of the Sprague Dawley strain were divided into 6 groups of treatment, that were: P0 (only given commercial feed), P1 (given a high-fat diet), P2 (given a high-fat diet and simvastatin at a dose of 8 mg/200 g BW), P3, P4, and P5 (given a high-fat diet and mahogany seeds ethanol extract of 14, 28, and 56 mg/200gBW). The results showed that there was no significant difference between all treatment groups. Administration of mahogany seeds ethanol extract was able to prevent the increase of SGOT and SGPT levels. Mahogany seeds ethanol extract has the hepatoprotective effect against high-fat diet induced hepatotoxicity, thereby affirming its traditional therapeutic role in liver injury.
Termite Identification Attacks on Buildings Niken Subekti; Anita Fadhila
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.43236

Abstract

House construction continues from time to time, the frequency of termite attacks on buildings in the area is also very high due to the disturbance of the termite's natural habitat. Termites target the structural wood of buildings and objects derived from cellulose. This study aims to analyze the diversity of termite, house component damage, the relationship between the age and condition of building in Jakarta, Indonesia . This study used a purposive sampling method from 134 houses in Jakarta, Indonesia with a cross-sectional approach. The research procedures included taking and identifying specimens, analyze the intensity percentage of building damage, analyze the relationship between the age of the building and the condition of the building, and environmental factors. Based on the results of research conducted on 134 houses in Jakarta, it is concluded that there are four types of termites in the study sites: C. curvignathus (61.14%), M. gilvus (18.65%), M. inspiratus (10.88%), and C. cynocephaus (9.33%). The worst damage to residential components is found in the sills. Based on statistical tests, there is a correlation between age and the condition of the building. It indicates that the age of the building is significantly related to its condition. 
Effects Of Locally-Made Probiotics on Drinking Water on the Performance of Chickens Analyn Cinco Moniño; Roger Yatan Ibañez Jr.; Primitivo Diaz Moniño Jr.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.45217

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of locally-made probiotics on the performance of Kabir and Starbro broilers. The birds were randomly assigned to four treatments, and their body weight, weight development, feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency, dressing percentage, livability rates, and income over feed and chick cost were measured. The results showed a significant interaction between the breed of chicken and the type of probiotics after 21 days of feeding in terms of body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion efficiency. However, no significant interaction was observed at 35 days of feeding. The use of locally produced probiotics in drinking water improved the dressing percentage of both breeds of chicken, overall body weight gain, and overall feed consumption compared to the control group. Livability rates were not significantly affected by the inclusion of different locally-made probiotics in drinking water. Net income per chicken was marginally higher for the chickens fed with locally produced probiotics. Further studies are recommended to assess the benefits of locally-produced probiotics in laying chicken and other types of livestock and poultry. These findings provide insights into the potential application of locally-made probiotics as an alternative to commercial products for improving chicken performance.
Abundance of Beneficial Soil Microbes in the Rhiosphere of Coffee Plants Infected by Pratylenchus coffeae Reginawanti Hindersah; Iis Nur Asyiah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.43085

Abstract

Enzymatic transformation in the cycle of nutrients of Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in soil can only be carried out by microbes. The latest approach in coffee cultivation is to utilize soil microbes to enhance plant growth, also to reduce the attack of the nematode Pratylenchus coffeae on coffee roots. This exploratory study aimed to observe the attack of P. coffeae and the presence of N-fixing bacteria (NFB) and P- solubilizing microbes (PSM) in the coffee rhizosphere which in turn have the potential to be used as biological fertilizers and bioprotectants of coffee plants. The study was conducted in PT Perkebunan Kalibendo's Arabica and Robusta coffee fields, East Java, on immature plants (IP) and mature plants (MP). This exploration explained that the IP and MP arabica and robusta coffee plantations were attacked by P. coffeae. NFB and PSM were successfully isolated from the rhizosphere of both coffee plantations types. The population of NFB Azotobacter in IP was lower than in MP, but the PSM population in IP rhizosphere was not different from that in MP. Based on morphological and biochemical characterization, three isolates of Azotobacter bacteria, six species of P- solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and six species of phosphate-solubilizing fungi (PSF) were obtained. This exploration confirmed that the microbes involved in the N and P cycle colonized the coffee rhizosphere which was attacked by P. coffeae. Further research is recommended to observe the effectiveness of microbes as biological fertilizers and bioprotectants for coffee plants.
Callogenesis of Dayak Onion (Eleutherine palmifolia) Bulb in response of Picloram, 2,4-D, and Kinetin Noor Aini Habibah; Ananda Lutfiah; Alin Liana; Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung; Meti Indrowati; Furzani Pa’ee
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.46501

Abstract

Dayak onion contains bioactive compounds that are traditionally used for medicine. The production of bioactive compounds can be increased through callus culture. This study aims to analyze the effect of the combination of plant growth regulator on the growth of Dayak bulb callus. The design of this study used a completely randomized factorial design with 2 factors. The first factor is the concentration of auxin. While the second factor is the concentration of kinetin. The parameters observed include the percentage of callus, the time of callus formation, fresh weight, dry weight, and callus morphology. In this study, a callus growth curve was also made to determine the best harvest time. The results showed that highest callus fresh weight was obtained in the P3K1 treatment. The percentage of callus formation in the picloram + kinetin treatment was higher than in the 2,4-D + kinetin treatment. The time of callus formation occurred in the combination of picloram + kinetin faster than the 2.4-D + kinetin treatment. The callus color is diverse,  while the texture of the entire callus is compact. The best callus induction medium for Dayak onion bulbs is to use picloram 2-4 ppm + kinetin0.025-0.5 ppm. The results of this study provide optimal growth regulatory information for the induction of dayak onion callus that has never been reported before. This information can be the basis for the development of methods of production of bioactive compounds from dayak onions through callus culture.
Effect of Green Tea Extract on Spermatozoa Quality of Peranakan Ongole Bull On Frozen Storage Giyanita Rahma Ayu Pramesti; Nur Ducha
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.44573

Abstract

Low-temperature storage can often result in spermatozoa damage. It occurs due to Reactive Oxygen Species, leading to changes in the lipid composition of the membrane. Antioxidant compounds are needed to prevent ROS. Green tea extract (Camelia sinensis) can be used as an antioxidant agent. This study aimed to determine the effect of green tea extract in tris egg yolk on spermatozoa quality of Ongole Peranakan (PO) cattle. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five extract treatments (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%,4%) and four repetitions. The parameters used were motility, viability, and membrane integrity. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan's test. Based on the results of the ANOVA test, the addition of green tea extract has a significant effect on spermatozoa quality of PO cattle in frozen storage (P0.005). The best results were obtained by the addition of 3% extract that was able to maintain the quality of post-freezing spermatozoa with average motility, viability, and membrane integrity of 47.44±0.166, 55.14±0.449, and 53.72±0.599. The addition of 3% green tea extract into tris egg yolk can maintain motility, viability, and membrane integrity in spermatozoa of PO cattle inside frozen storage, by adding green tea extract to diluent, spermatozoa can be stored for a long time at low temperatures making it easier for people to carry out artificial insemination.
The Growth of Tagetes patula Linn. and Its Ability to Reduce Cr(VI) with the Addition of Microbacterium sp. SpR3 Novellasari, Firdiana; Meitiniarti, V. Irene; Seleiman, Mahmoud F.; Kasmiyati, Sri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i3.44957

Abstract

Cr(VI) is a heavy metal that has the potential to become a soil pollutant and has an impact on organisms. The contamination caused by Cr(VI) could be alternatively treated with bioremediation techniques. The current study aimed to determine the most potential combination of Tagetes patula Linn. and Microbacterium sp. strain SpR3 for remediation of soil Cr(VI) contamination based on growth of T. patula. The application of SpR3 applied at the 1st day (T0) and 20th day (T20) with 10 g (M10), 30 g (M30), 50 g (M50) of bacterial inoculum to T. patula grown under Cr(VI; 100 mg/L). The results showed that T0M50 treatment resulted in the highest values of growth traits of T. patula grown under Cr(VI) metal stress. The highest BC value (0.36) was obtained from plants treated with T2M10 and T2M50, while the highest TF value (0.08) obtained from plants treated with T0M50. BC value 1 means that the combination of T. patula and SpR3 bacteria for heavy metal Cr(VI) can be classified as an excluder and the TF value 1 means that the combination can act as a phytostabilization in handling Cr(VI) contamination. In conclusion, the application of SpR3 using T0M50 can enhance the growth of Tagetes patula Linn. grown under Cr(VI) stress condition. The outcome of the study are expected to advancement in the application of rhizobacterial and plant combined system in the bioremediation of soil Cr(VI) contaminated.

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