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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 102   103   104   105   106 
Virtual Experiments of DNA Isolation and Hybridoma Techniques to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Ability
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.43847

Abstract

Virtual learning during the Covid-19 pandemic always requires innovation from educators to present effective and interesting learning. The case method is an alternative learning method that can be used to increase awareness responses to problems contextually. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing the use of virtual DNA isolation experiments and hybridoma techniques on students' critical thinking skills. The research was conducted on students majoring in Integrated Science, Semarang State University in the 2021-2022 academic year. Samples from the population are divided into experimental class and control class. The research instrument used to measure critical thinking skills uses a test. The results of the assessment of critical thinking skills were analyzed using quantitative analysis. The results showed that the experimental class obtained an average critical thinking ability of 87.86 and the control class obtained an average critical thinking ability of 73.86. The results of the posttest difference test analysis between the experimental class and the control class obtained a sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 less than the t table significance value of 0.05. Based on these results it can be concluded that the implementation of the use of virtual DNA isolation experiments and hinridoma techniques is effective in increasing students' critical thinking skills. The novelty of the results is virtual experiments of DNA Isolation and Hibridoma can be an alternative to virtual practice for schools with incomplete laboratory facilities.
Entrepreneurship-Based Biotechnology E-Module Development to Improve Critical and Creative Thinking Skills
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 14, No 3 (2022): Desember 2022
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i3.43299

Abstract

Courageous learning triggers learning loss, which is characterized by a decrease in the ability to think critically and creatively. The solution used with innovation in learning media is the e-model of entrepreneurship. This study aims to test the feasibility of entrepreneurship-based biotechnology e-modules and improve students' critical and creative thinking skills after using this e-module. This research and development (RD), which applies the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Dissemination). The study consisted of 31 class IXA students of yunior high school.  The research instrument consisted of expert validation questionnaires, pretest-posttest questions, and student response questionnaires. The analysis of the validation questionnaire for material and media experts produced an average score quite high with the appropriate criteria for use in classroom learning. The results of the t-test for students' critical and creative thinking skills yield a significant value of 0.0 which is smaller than 0.05, which means that there is a significant difference between students' critical and creative thinking skills in the pretest and post-test. Analysis of the N-gain value of students' critical and creative thinking abilities shows an average result of 0.46. This result is included in the category of moderate improvement, which means that the increase in students' critical and creative thinking skills is in the medium category. This e-module also has a very good response from all students.  Based on the results of these analyses, the entrepreneurship-based biotechnology e-module is declared feasible for use in learning and can improve students' critical and creative thinking abilities.
Effectiveness of a Teaching Material: News-Based Teaching of Mount Ungaran
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.43702

Abstract

The news-based teaching is a teaching material that contains news integrated with the results of exploring the biodiversity on Mount Ungaran for high school students in  Biology subject. Teaching materials were prepared based on the results of the needs analysis. Early observation of High School 12 Semarang students showed that Biology learning sources were still insufficient to achieve basic competence. This study aimed to develop valid news-based teaching material of Mount Ungaran Biodiversity using the research and development (RD) method for effective cognitive, psychomotor, and affective learning outcomes. The research method subjected the students of High School 12 Semarang to explore the biodiversity news of Mount Ungaran on the websites. Also, the students searched the information from Research Development (RD). The results showed that (1) news-based teaching material on Mount Ungaran biodiversity was valid and appropriate as a learning source (96%), (2) and it was effective to improve the students’ cognitive, psychomotor, and affective learning outcomes of biodiversity topic.
Molecular Docking of the Cannabis sativa L. Bioactive Compound Against Inflammation Induced by Cigarette Smoke Exposure
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i1.43845

Abstract

Cigarette smoke can modulate and increase chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract. The constituents of cigarette smoke-induced inflammation can activate several cell signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), and activatory protein-1 (AP-1). Cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa L.) contains many phytochemical compounds including cannabinoids, terpenes and phenolic compounds, which have potential in medicine, one of them is as an anti-inflammatory. This study aims to determine the interactions formed between bioactive compounds from cannabis plants in anti-inflammatory activity caused by cigarette smoke induction in the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways through a study in silico. This research method was carried out in a descriptive exploratory manner using   online databases such as PubChem, PASS online, SEA (Similarity Ensemble Approach) and Swiss Target Prediction, STRING. Docking simulation was carried out using PyRx 0.8. Data from software and web devices were analyzed descriptively and compared with control compounds. The docking results show that the compounds from Cannabis sativa L. can act as an anti-inflammatory in the context of cigarette smoke-induced inflammation. This is indicated by the similarity of amino acid residues resulting from the interaction of the aspirin drug (control) with the anti-inflammatory receptor protein in the compound cannabidihydrophenanthrene with PDGFRA and KDR receptors and compounds cannabicyclol with AKT1 and KDR receptors. This is indicated by the presence of value affinity is low indicating a stable and strong bond.
Phylogenetic Relationship of Cymbidium Mosaic Virus from the Native Orchids of South Kalimantan, Indonesia Dindin Hidayatul Mursyidin; Ahmad Winarto Saputra
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41842

Abstract

Information on viral genetics, including their phylogenetic relationship, is valuable in controlling viral infection and screening for the development of virus-resistant cultivars in the future. The objectives of this study were to detect and characterize the Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) from the native orchids of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, by the RT-PCR method. Also, to determine their phylogenetic relationship based on a partial genome of RdRp by the ML and PCA methods. Following RT-PCR analysis, one of 10 samples of native orchids used was positively infected by CymMV. In early detection, the RdRp region of CymMV has approximately 530 bp in size. After being sequenced and aligned with other isolates, this region has 121 polymorphic or mutation sites, a GC content of 45.21%, a transition/transversion bias value of 3.52, and nucleotide diversity (0.0415). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that CymMV from South Kalimantan, Indonesia, has closest related to similar isolates from Korea Type 2 (AF016914.1), Niigata, Japan (AB197937.1), Hawaii (EF125180.1), and Taiwan M2 (EU314803.1), with the coefficient divergence of 0.025. But, it has very distantly related to Hawaii 18-1 (EF125178.1) with a coefficient of 0.142. The results provide urgent information in supporting the native orchid's conservation and breeding efforts, locally and globally, including mitigating or controlling the viral infection and screening for the development of virus-free or resistant cultivars in the future.
In Vitro Antiinflammatory Activity of Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis) Stem Extract Diah Wulandari Rousdy; Elvi Rusmiyanto Wardoyo
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.36227

Abstract

The plant of Bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) has been utilized in traditional medication. Previous studies have proven the existence of in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Bajakah plant (S. littoralis) in lowering the degree of carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of S. littoralis extract in vitro through an approach of enzyme inhibition involved in the inflammatory reaction. The concentration of ethanol extract of Bajakah used was 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8; 1.6 mg/ml. The parameters measured were lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition, protein denaturation inhibition, protease enzyme inhibition, as well as plasma membrane stabilization. The results of the study showed the potential of the ethanol extract of Bajakah stems in inhibiting the inflammatory process viewed from the ability to inhibit inflammation-related enzymes. S. littoralis extract concentration of 1.6 mg/ml showed the best inhibition of the protein denaturation process (75.9%), the inhibition of trypsin protease enzyme (26.1%) and the stability of erythrocyte membrane (93.7%). However, the extracts of S. littoralis did not provide inhibition for the lipoxygenase enzyme in the range of 0.2-3.8%. This study proves the role of S. littoralis extract in the anti-inflammatory mechanism. It has the potential to be developed into standardized herbs.
Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical of Ocimum basilicum to Strengthen the Traditional Balinese Medicine System I Nyoman Arsana; Ni Ketut Ayu Juliasih; A. A. Ayu Sauca Sunia Widyantari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42315

Abstract

The system of traditional Balinese medicine is known as Usada. One type of plant used in Usada is basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Antioxidant activity and phytochemical of ethanol extracts of two varieties of basil, Ocimum basilicum L (var.) Bali (OcB) and Ocimum basilicum L (var.) Lombok (OcL) was investigated.  Total phenol was determined by folin-cioccalteu phenol reagent, total flavonoid by quarsetine reagent, tannin by Folin-Denis reagent, and antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method and is expressed as IC50. All of the parameters were measured by spectrophotometer. Phytochemicals were determined by Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis. Morphological characters (stems, leaves, and flowers) are also observed. The results showed, in OcB obtained 92 compounds, 10 of which are important compounds that have an antioxidant effect, while in OcL 139 compound components were found, 15 of which are important compounds. Levels of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, as well as IC50 in OcB are; 3526.65 mg GAE/100g, 15841.6795 mg QE/100g, 2402.80 mg/100 g, and 24.9410 mg/L, respectively, while in OcL respectively are; 3297.71 mg GAE/100g, 13242.30 mg QE/100g, 850.71 mg/100, and 33.1105 mg/L. Conclusions, morphologically OcB and OcL showed no difference except leaf width and petiole length. The antioxidant activity of OcB is better, as well as higher levels of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins compared to OcL.
Inventaritation and Potential Utilization of Macroscopic Mushroom in TPKh Tenjo KPH Bogor Zalfa Alfatinnisa; Wahyu Aji Mahardhika; Arina Tri Lunggani; Ivan Permana Putra
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.39977

Abstract

The TPKh Tenjo KPH Bogor is a production forest wood collection area and becomes a production forest for the Acacia mangium wood species. Timber harvesting activities leave a lot of tree stumps, twigs, or piles of wood that do not pass production. Environmental conditions with a lot of harvested wood residue and supported by relatively cool air temperatures and high humidity, it is suspected this area has a diversity of macroscopic fungi with various unknown potentials. This study aims to obtain data on the types of macroscopic fungi and their potential uses. The research method includes the stages of exploration, identification and literature study to obtain the potential of the macroscopic fungi found. The research succeeded in finding 8 types of macroscopic fungi classified into the phylum Basidiomycota, 3 orders, 5 families, and 7 genera. The macroscopic fungi include Coprinellus sp., Lentinus sp., Panus sp., Schizophyllum commune, Pycnoporus sp., Fomitopsis sp. 1, Fomitopsis sp. 2, and Lycoperdon sp. Based on the results of the literature study, the potential uses of macroscopic fungi were found are as food, medicine, natural pigment producer, and enzyme producer.  This data report can be used as basic information on the use of macroscopic mushrooms by communities around the area to be used as food or medicinal ingredients. Further utilization of this data is the development of the potential of macroscopic fungi that produce enzymes, pigments or drugs to be produced on a large scale. Research on the development of potential mushroom conservation strategies can also be carried out for sustainable use.
Chemical Analysis of Sea urchin Diademasetosum Gonads Mohamad Haikal K. Djafar; Margaretha Solang; Marini Susanti Hamidun; Aryati Abdul; Syam S. Kumaji; La Nane
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.42994

Abstract

Sea urchins Diademasetosum can be found in shallow waters. Sea urchin gonads are nutritionally valuable and capable of accumulating heavy metals. This study aims to determine the moisture content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, Pb, Cd metal content and determine the Maximum Tolerable Intake (MTI) of sea urchin D. setosum gonads. Gonad samples were obtained from three coasts of Huangobotu, Botubarani and Kurenai, Kabila Bone Sub-district, Bone Bolango Regency, using a purposive sampling technique. Gonads were analyzed proximate, including moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate content. Analysis of Pb and Cd levels using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results were analyzed statistically using One-Way ANOVA Test. The results showed that the average moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content of gonads on the coast of Huangobotu, Botubarani, and Kurenai were significantly different (p0.005); moisture content 71.91%, 75.04%, 78.51%; ash content 1.88%, 1.15%, 2.76%; protein content 9.90%, 12.81%, 15.53%; fat content 7.33%, 3.05%, 4.84%; carbohydrate content 2.35%, 7.92%, 4.93%. Pb levels were significantly different (p0.005) 0.063 mg/kg, 0.039 mg/kg, and 0.018 mg/kg, respectively; Cd levels were not significantly different (p0.005) 0.020 mg/kg, 0.012 mg/kg, 0.014 mg/kg respectively. MTI Pb adults 23.8kg, 38.4kg, 83.3kg, children 5.9kg, 9.6kg, 20.8kg. MTI Cd adults 21kg, 35kg, 30kg, children 5.25kg, 8.75kg, 7.5kg. D. setosumhas potential as a source of protein and can be utilized as food by considering the MTI value.
Visceral Organ Weight of Pengging Duck after the Addition of Nanochitosan as Feed Additive Khevalin Kwardoyo; Sunarno Sunarno; Siti Muflichatun Mardiati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 15, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i2.41174

Abstract

The productivity of pengging ducks is determined by optimizing the function of the body's organs. The feed consumed greatly determines the growth and development of the internal organs in the pengging duck. Nanochitosan is a polysaccharide that has potential as a feed additive which functions to increase feed digestibility, nutrient absorption, promote growth to help optimize the function of visceral organs. This study aims to analyze the effect of nanochitosan as a feed additive on the function of the visceral organs of pengging ducks in terms of the weight of the visceral organs. The visceral organs studied included the ventriculus, intestines, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart. This study was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10 g nanochitosan/kg feed) with 5 replications. Nanochitosan feed additive treatment was given for 8 week. Variables that were measured in this study included weight of ventriculus, intestinal, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart of pengging ducks. The research data showed that nanochitosan as a feed additive had no significant effect on visceral weight of pengging ducks (P0.05). The conclusion of this study is that nanochitosan as a feed additive does not cause changes in the function of the visceral organs based on the indication of the weight of the visceral organs measured, namely the ventricles, intestines, liver, pancreas, spleen, and heart. The novelty of this research is the use of nanochitosan as a feed additive to improve the performance of penging ducks by maintaining the size of the visceral organs. It is hoped that the results of this research on nanochitosan feed additive can be used by local laying duck farms in Indonesia because it is safe and as an effort to improve the performance and productivity of ducks.

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