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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Study on Phylogenetic Status of Javan Plover Bird (Charadrius, Charadriidae, Charadriiformes) through DNA Barcoding Analysis Hidayat Ashari; Dwi Astuti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.9195

Abstract

Javan Plover named Charadrius javanicus is taxonomically under controversy and phylogenetically unresolved yet. Through an analysis of DNA barcode, this study aims (1) to confirm whether Javan Plover is separated species named Charadrius javanicus or a subspecies of C. alexandrinus which named C. a. javanicus and (2) to determine a relationship within this genus. Totally 666 bp DNA sequences of COI barcode gene were analyzed.  The results showed that a sequence divergence between Javan Plover and C. alexandrinus alexandrinus was only 1.2%, while sequence divergences between C.a.alexandrinus and others species, or between Javan Plover and others species were ranged from 9-12%.  Neighbour-joining (NJ) and maximum-parsimony (MP) analyses showed that all individuals of both Javan Plover and Kenith Plover were clustered together, and supported by 99 % and 100 % of bootstrap value in NJ and MP, respectively. This study tends to support the previous findings that Javan Plover was not a separated species named C. javanicus, but it was as a subspecies of C. alexandrinus; named C. a. javanicus. There were two groups of Plover in this study; (C. leschenaultii and C. javanicus + C.a.alexandrinus), and (C.dubius and C. melodus + C. semipalmatus). DNA barcoding analysis can give certainty taxonomic status of the bird. Then, this study has implication as a basic data that can be used to provide and support the planning of Javan plover conservation programs. 
Study of the Germination of Six Begonia Species as an Effort to Preserve Genetic Resources Cokorda Istri Meyga Semarayani; Ayyu Rahayu
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 2 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.30255

Abstract

Begonia is an ornamental plant that has a high level of morphological diversity. Begonia propagation is mostly done vegetatively and very rarely to propagate sexually. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the ability of six types of Begonia seeds to germinate. Six types of Begonia, namely B. x albopicta W. Bull 'Coral Rubra', B. gambutensis Ardi D.C.Thomas, B. multistaminea Burt-Utley, B. nelumbifolia Schltdl. Cham., B. ulmifolia Wild. and B. varipeltata D.C.Thomas. were grown in a petri dish and placed in a growth chamber with a temperature of 23.6 ℃, humidity of 74.5%, and a light intensity of 3,431 lux. The results showed that the different types of Begonia showed significant differences in all the parameters tested. B. nelumbifolia required 7.89 ± 0.18 days to germinate and is the fastest time than other types. The highest percentage of seed germination was also obtained by this species, amounting to 63.22%. In addition, B. nelumbifolia showed the best response to the germination rate coefficient, germination rate index, and germination index. This study revealed complete information about the germination of six types of Begonia. In addition, the ability to produced many seeds and the ease of germination made this plant have the potential to be cultivated through seeds. Furthermore, the information can be used as a basis for seed storage as an ex-situ conservation method to maintain genetic diversity.
Molecular Barcoding Reveal the Existence of Mole Crabs Emerita emeritus in North Coast of Central Java Dian Bhagawati; Elly Tuti Winarni; Agus Nuryanto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i1.20497

Abstract

The existence of mole crabs had been reported from the southern coast of Central Java. However, no mole crab data was available from the northern coast Central Java.  This study aimed to figure out the existence of mole crabs in the northern coast of Central Java as revealed from the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) barcoding. Mole crabs samples collected in Sendang Sikucing Beach Kendal. Taxonomic status of the samples was inferred from sequences similarity test using basic local alignment search tool to conspecific sequence deposited in GenBank. Pairwise genetic distances were calculated based on the Kimura 2-parameter model. A phylogenetic tree had reconstructed in molecular evolution genetic analysis (MEGA) software based on neighbor-joining algorithm. Branching reliability was obtained from 1000 bootstraps replication while branching polarity was obtained from the out-group comparison. The mole crab samples from the northern coast of Central Java had unambiguously identified as Emerita emeritus based on high sequences similarities (98.27%-99.70%), low genetic distances (0.002-0.005), and their monophyly with Emerita emeritus (KR047035) in GenBank. Pairwise analysis among each possibility pair of samples had genetic distances ranged between 0.000 and 0.005, indicated that all sample belong to single species. The data provide the first record of the existence of Emerita emeritus in the northern coast of Central Java. Our data on the existence of E. emeritus in the northern coast of Central Java is among essentials information as a scientific basis in creating policy for the management of sustainable use of the mole crabs in the areas.
Utilization of Different Fertilizer on The Yield of Two Varieties of Oryza sativa in Tidal Lowland Area Neni Marlina; Dewi Meidelima; Asmawati Asmawati; Iin Siti Aminah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i3.16253

Abstract

The effort to increase food production in tidal lowland areas was conducted by applying production technology through the use of superior varieties and organic fertilizer enriched with bacteria (bio organic fertilizer). This fertilizer was a formula that had been tested in swamp lowland area and proven capable to regain land fertility through action of beneficial microbia. Some microbia which used to produce bioorganic fertilizer are Azospirillium bacterium and phosphate solvent bacterium with carrier substance of chicken manure fertilizer. The reserach objective was to determine yield capacity of two rice varieties by using inorganic fertilizer and bioorganic fertilizer at tidal lowland area. This research was done at tidal lowland area of C-flooding type. The design used in this study was Factorial Randomized Block Design with 4 treatment combinations and 6 replications for each treatment. The first factor was varieties which consisted of Inpara 6 (V1) and Inpari I (V2), whereas the second factor was fertilizer types which consisted of inorganic fertilizer (P1) and bio-organic fertilizer (P2). The results showed that yield capacity of Inpari I rice variety treated with bio-organic fertilizer + 50% of recommended NPK fertilizer could increase the production of dry unhulled rice with magnitude of 165% (1.59 kg/plot or equal to 3.98 ton/ha) at tidal lowland of C flooding type. Through the provision of biofertilizers, chicken manure enriched with Azospirillum and bacteriophosphate biofertilizers contributes to sustainability agriculture, especially in tidal wetland
Studi Etnobotani Pengobatan Tradisional untuk Perawatan Wanita di Masyarakat Keraton Surakarta Hadiningrat Rini Verary Shanthi; Jumari -; Munifatul Izzati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3101

Abstract

Keraton Surakarta memiliki budaya pengobatan tradisional. Pengetahuan tentang tradisi tersebut tersimpan dalam naskah kuno. Seiring dengan kemajuan jaman dan perkembangan pengobatan modern, tradisi pegobatan tradisional mulai menurun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengkaji etnobotani pengobatan tradisional untuk perawatan wanita di Keraton Surakarta. Kajian penelitian meliputi keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan obat komposisi dari ramuan tradisional dan mengkaji tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat Keraton Surakarta dalam penggunaan ramuan tradisional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Keraton Surakarta dan kelurahan Baluwarti. Pengumpulan data etnobotani dengan wawancara, studi litelatur, survey, dan kuisioner. Data keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan obat diperoleh dari kajian Serat Husada dan hasil wawancara dengan informan. Jenis ramuan tradisional, diulas mengenai komposisi bahan, organ tumbuhan, cara meramu, dan cara pemakaian. Data tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat diambil melalui kuisioner. Jumlah responden sebanyak 60 orang. Analisis data menggunakan Analysis of Variances (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukan 120 spesies tumbuhan obat dari 55 famili digunakan untuk ramuan tradisional. Terdapat 61 jenis ramuan yang digunakan untuk 17 macam perawatan wanita. Hasil kuisioner menunjukkan kecenderungan menurunya tingkat pengetahuan dan penggunaan ramuan tradisional oleh wanita usia muda. Hal ini karena pengaruh kemajuan jaman dan perkembangan pengobatan modern.Surakarta Palace develops its own traditional medication culture. The knowledge of the tradition is well-preserved in ancient manuscripts. In line with the modern medicine development, the practice of  traditional medical treatment has declined. And therefore the aim of the current study was to evaluate the traditional medical treatment for women in Surakarta Royal Palace. The purpose of the study was to examine the diversity of medicinal plant, the composition of traditional ingredients, and the knowledge level of members of Surakarta Royal Palace. The study was conducted in Surakarta Royal Palace and Baluwarti Village. Ethnobotanical data were collected through interview, literature study, survey and questionnaire. Data of the medicinal plant diversity were accumululated from the study of Serat Husada and from interviews with the informants. The traditional ingredients were reviewed in terms of the composition, the plant organs to be used, how to mix the materials, and how to consume them. Data of the level of public knowledge were taken through questionnaire. There were 60 respondents of the study. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Research revealed that 120 species of medicinal plants from 55 families were utilized as traditional medicine. As many as 61 medicinal plants were used in 17 types of women treatment. The study also suggested that the knowledge level and the utilization of traditional medicine were decreasing among young women. It was concluded that the modernization of medicinal world has been the main cause of this decrease. 
Evaluation of Chromosomal Aberrations and Micronuclei in Medical Workers Chronically Exposed to Low Dose Ionizing Radiation Yanti Lusiyanti; Iin Kurnia; Viria Agesti Suvifan; Sardini Sardini; Sofiati Purnami; Nastiti Rahajeng
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.12382

Abstract

Medical workers representing the group is the most consistently are exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation, prolonged low-level ionizing radiation can induce chromosomal aberrations (CAs). This study would evaluate the cytogenetic effect using the CAs based on dicentric, and cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN)  assay on hospital workers. The exposed group dividedto Interventional and Diagnostic groups then compared to non exposed group. The accumulated absorbed doses calculated for the radiation workers were below 5mSv. Blood samples were obtained from 29 samples of medical workers , and 15 samples of control. The Study showed that the frequency of  dicentric chromosomes both in exposed  and control  were not found. In case of micronuclei, the mean frequencies were observed in exposed group that was (19 ±6.22) and (16.25 ± 6.04) respectively and the control group was (10.4±7.79). Frequency MN/1000 cell in the lymphocytes both in the two exposed group was relatively higher  compared to control group. However the  MN frequencies in all sample  group was still in normal range . In this study chronic low radiation dose exposure in the hospital  had no significant effect on chromosome aberration nor micronuclei. The benefit of the study  is to enrich the potential usefulness of cytogenetic assay providing safety  index in medical surveillance programs. The results suggest that education and retraining of staff concerning radiation safety guidelines  need to be done to maintain the safety aspects of radiation. 
An Effort of Mutation Breeding by Oryzalin and Gamma Rays on Wild Raspberry (Rubus sp.) in Cibodas Botanical Garden Muhammad Imam Surya; Lily Ismaini; Destri Destri; Suluh Normasiwi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.6559

Abstract

Currently, Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) has a domestication programme of wild raspberries (Rubus sp.) from Indonesia mountain forest. One of the activities in the domestication programme is fruit breeding. In order to improve the quality of wild raspberry, two mutagens i.e. chemical (oryzalin) and physical (gamma rays) mutagens were used in the breeding programme. Moreover, seed of wild raspberries from the collection of CBG were used in the programme of mutation breeding.  The results showed that each species of wild raspberries has different response on the mutagen. Percentage of seed germination were affected by mutagen of oryzalin and gamma rays. Rubus fraxinifolius and Rubus rosifolius seeds were still able to germinate after treated by 100 µM of oryzalin. In the other hand, with increase in radiation above 300 Gy a reduction in percentage of germination was observed in M1 generation of Rubus lineatus and Rubus chrysophyllus.How to CiteSurya, M. I., Ismaini, L., Destri, D. Normasiwi, S. (2016). An Effort of Mutation Breeding by Oryzalin and Gamma Rays on Wild Raspberry (Rubus spp.) in Cibodas Botanical Garden. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(3), 331-335. 
Effect of Neem Leaf Extract on Reproductive Potential of Male Rats Fed High-Fat Diet Nur Laila; Agung Janika Sitasiwi; Sri Isdadiyanto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 14, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i1.31470

Abstract

Neem leaves contain bioactive compounds, including tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids which are thought to have a cholesterol-lowering effect, but are also accompanied by antifertility effects. This study aims to determine the effect of neem leaf ethanol extract on the structure and reproduction of hyper-cholesterol or hyperlipidaemic male rats. The study used a completely randomized design which was divided into 6 groups with 4 repetitions, namely: P0 (negative control), P1 (positive control), P2 (8 mg/gBW simvastatin), P3, P4, and P5 (75, 100, and 125 mg/gBWof neem leaf extract). Parameters observed were testicular structure (epithelial thickness and seminiferous tubule diameter), GSI, ESI, epididymal protein expression and concentration, morphology and number of spermatozoa. Exposure to ethanolic extract of neem leaves had a significant effect on seminiferous tubule diameter, morphology and number of spermatozoa in white rats fed a high-fat diet, but did not differ significantly on the thickness of the seminiferous tubule epithelium and GSI, so it can be concluded that the effect of ethanolic extract of neem leaves in hypercholesterolemic rats decreased the structure and function of male reproduction as indicated by spermatozoa morphology, spermatozoa number, epididymal protein expression, and testicular structure, supported by the results of protein concentration, GSI, and ESI.
Population Study of Endemic Java Palm Pinanga javana in Mount Ungaran, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia Rizmoon Nurul Zulkarnaen; Hendra Helmanto; Wihermanto Wihermanto; Enggal Primananda; Iyan Robiansyah; Yayan Wahyu Candra Kusuma
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 14, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i1.35230

Abstract

The discovery of Pinaga javana Blume in Mount Ungaran is new information for the distribution of this palm because there was no record of this palm on Mount Ungaran. Therefore, to reveal the population of P. javana in Mount Ungaran, this research was carried out to determine the population structure and habitat preference of P. javana. The study for P. javana was conducted using the focused survey method to explore all the side of Mount Ungaran (northern, southern, western, and eastern). The total area explored is 13 locations. All palm individuals have been recorded for diameter, height, and habitat. The results showed that from 13 locations, the population of P. javana was only found in 5 locations. Mainly on the southern side of Mount Ungaran. The total population of P. javana is around 213 individuals. The highest number of individuals is in the seedlings stage. The population of P. javana found is mostly on steep slopes compared to ridges that tend to be flat. In addition, the suspected habitat as a specific preference is the position of the slopes that are closer to the water source (river). The study also found that the distribution of P. javana was assisted by a dispersal agent (forest civet). In general, this study provides new information for the distribution records of P. javana in Java. Therefore, in this palm conservation function, special efforts are needed to increase the population of P. javana on Mount Ungaran.
Soybean Selection Against Cercospora Leaf Blight Disease Caused By Cercospora kikuchii Based on Anatomical Resistance Fajar Husen; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Siti Samiyarsih; Juni Safitri Muljowati; Nur Fitrianto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 14, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i1.34865

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is the third food crop commodity after rice and maize in Indonesia. This plant is also known as the most important source of vegetable protein, which is relatively inexpensive, but a decrease in soybean productivity can occur due to infection with disease-causing pathogens, one of is Cercospora kikuchii which causes Cercospora leaf blight (CLB). The research objectives were to determine the anatomical resistance and disease severity of soybean cultivars against CLB. The method was an experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern; factor 1 being soybean cultivars (Dering, Slamet, Grobogan, Wilis) and factor 2, namely pathogen inoculation (0 conidiospores/mL and 105 conidiospores/mL). Anatomical method preparations using paraffin, staining with 1% safranin. Disease criteria are based on the council of scientific and industrial research (CSIR) assessment method. Data were analysis used analysis of variance (p0.05) and the least significance difference (LSD). The results showed that Dering and Slamet cultivars had the largest cuticle, epidermis, and palisade ratios and the smallest stomata length and width with the largest number of stomata and trichomes compared to Grobogan and Wilis. The disease severity (DS) of the cultivars Dering 14.6%, Slamet 24.64%, Grobogan 24.80% (classified as a resistant with low infection), while Wilis cultivar was 31.08% as a moderately susceptible cultivar with moderate infection. The novelty of soybean cultivar selection against CLB is important and its effectiveness for increasing soybean productivity. Dering, Slamet and Grobogan are likely to be further developed with their resistance to CLB disease.

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