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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 93   94   95   96   97 
Salinity Tolerance of Mungbean Genotypes at Seedling Stage Ratri Tri Hapsari; Trustinah Trustinah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.13999

Abstract

Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting mungbean production worldwide including Indonesia. Since mungbean plant is very sensitive to salt condition, selection of salinity tolerant genotypes becomes important for mungbean improvement. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of eight mungbean genotypes to salinity at seedling stage under different levels. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors (mungbean genotypes and salinity levels) and triplicates. Observation variables were germination percentage, vigor index, germination rate, hypocotyls length, epicotyls length, root length, number of root, seedling fresh weight, and seedling dry weight. The result showed that increasing level of salinity concentration inhibited the speed of germination, germination percentage, vigor index, normal seedling fresh weight, and number of lateral roots. Murai and Vima 1 were identified as tolerant genotypes, while Vima-2 and MLGV 0180 were identified as salinity sensitive genotypes at seedling stage. Currently, mungbean varieties with special characters, such as saline-tolerant is not yet available. The availability of saline-tolerant variety of mungbean is a cheaper and easier technology for farmers to anticipate the expansion of the saline area. The tolerant genotypes may be further tested at the later stage to obtain promising genotype tolerant to salinity that effectively assist mungbean breeding program.
Karakter Morfologi dan Pertumbuhan Tiga Jenis Cacing Tanah Lokal Pekanbaru pada Dua Macam Media Pertumbuhan Dewi Indriyani Roslim; Dini Septya Nastiti; Herman -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i1.2567

Abstract

Limbah organik dari limbah rumah tangga, pertanian, perkebunan, dan peternakan sering menimbulkan masalah, karena mencemari lingkungan. Cacing tanah dapat menggunakan limbah organik tersebut sebagai media pertumbuhannya dan juga merombaknya menjadi pupuk kasting. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertumbuhan tiga jenis cacing tanah yang ditemui di kota Pekanbaru pada dua media pertumbuhan. Tiga jenis cacing tanah yang diteliti adalah Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), dan Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Faktorial Lengkap. Masing-masing cacing tanah ditumbuhkan pada dua media, yaitu serasah dan campuran kotoran sapi+tanah, di dalam pot plastik. Medium tanpa cacing tanah digunakan sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan cacing tanah Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), dan Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu) memiliki perbedaan karakter morfologi pada panjang tubuh, warna kulit, jumlah segmen, tipe prostomium, jumlah seta per segmen, warna dan posisi klitellum, posisi dan jumlah lubang jantan. Medium campuran kotoran sapi+tanah lebih cocok untuk pertumbuhan Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu), media serasah untuk pertumbuhan Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), dan media kotoran sapi saja tanpa penambahan tanah untuk Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah).Organic waste produced from household, agriculture, plantation, and animal husbandry may cause environmental pollution. Earthworms can utilize this organic waste for their growth medium and decompose them to produce casting fertilizer. The objective of this study was to analyze the growth of three earthworm species from Pekanbaru using two types of media, i.e. Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu), and Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh). All these earthworms were grown in litter media and manure-soil mixture. Media without the earthworms were used as control. The experiment design used in this study was Full Factorial Random Design. The results showed Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), dan Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu) had distinct morphological characters such as the body length, skin colour, segment number, prostomium type, setae number per segment, clitellum colour and position, and also the number and position of male genital hole. The most suitable medium for each Amynthas aspergillum (Cacing Gila Bodoh), Perionyx sp1 (Cacing Merah), and Perionyx sp2 (Cacing Susu) were litter, cow manure, and cow manure+soil mixture media, respectively.
Cryopreservation of Aceh Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Semen with Combination of Glycerol and Lactose Kartini Eriani; Nisa Sari; Rosnizar Rosnizar; Dasrul Dasrul; Suhartono Suhartono; Muhammad Rizal
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11426

Abstract

Aceh swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) are decreasing their population and genetic quality. This study was conducted to determine the influence of lactose and glycerol cryoprotectants on spermatozoa of Aceh swamp buffaloes after thawing. This study used completelya factorial randomized design with nine treatments, and five replications. Fresh semen of the Aceh swamp buffalo were diluted by using a combination extender lactose cryoprotectants 0 mM (L0), 60 mM (L60), 120 mM (L120) and glycerol 3% (G3), 5% (G5), 7% (G7) with the equilibration of 4 hours. The results showed that the combination of cryoprotectants L120G7 influenced significantly (P 0.05) on the quality of spermatozoa of the Aceh swamp buffalo (B. bubalis) after  thawing. The percentage of sperm motility L120G7 (42.60 ± 1.14); viability L120G7 (55.00 ± 0.71);  acrosome integrity L120G7 (52.00 ± 0.71); and plasma membrane integrity L120G7 (53.20 ± 1.48).  The combination of lactose cryoprotectants 120 mM (L120) and glycerol 7% (G7) was the best combination to maintain the quality of spermatozoa of swamp buffalo. This finding could be used to define a policy for the spermatozoa storage of Aceh swamp buffalo to artificial insemination (AI). 
The Effect of Organic Nutrient and Growth Regulators on Seed Germination, Embryo and Shoots Development of Dendrobium antennatum Lindl. Orchid by In Vitro Edy Setiti Wida Utami; Sucipto Hariyanto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.5165

Abstract

Dendrobium antennatum has high economic value as cut flowers and flowerpots. Like orchid seeds in general, D. antennatum is difficult to germinate under natural conditions. This study aimed to determine the effect of coconut water on seed germination and embryo development, as well as the effect of NAA on shoots development of D. antennatum. This study consisted of two stages. In the first stage, the 12 weeks-old seeds after pollination were sown on MS medium containing 2 g/L peptone + 0%; 5%; 10%; and 20% coconut water. After 8 weeks of culture, the seeds germinated and the shoot formed were recorded. The highest in seed germination (92.2%) and the formation of shoots (51.4%) were obtained when seeds were cultured on MS medium containing 2 g/L peptone + 20% coconut water. In the second stage, the shoots were sub-cultured on MS medium containing 1 mg/L thidiazuron + 0 mg/L; 1 mg/L; 2 mg/L; and 3 mg/L NAA. After 16 weeks of sub-culture, the height of plantlets, the length of the roots and leaves, number of leaves and roots formed were recorded. MS medium containing 1 mg/L thidiazuron + 1 mg/L NAA was the most suitable for the shoots development of D.antennatum. The embryo development of D.antennatum in vitro begins with the enlargement of embryo, with further it emerges from the seed coat (germinated) followed by the formation of the apical meristems to form the shoots and the roots.How to CiteUtami, E. S. W., Hariyanto, S. (2016). The Effect of Organic Nutrient and Growth Regulators on Seed Germination, Embryo and Shoots Development of Dendrobium antennatum Lindl. Orchid by In Vitro. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(2), 165-171.
Identification of Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Isolates Lactic Acid Bacteria Results from The Isolation of Rusip S Feta Avila Prayitno; Agung Suprihadi; Endang Kusdiyantini
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.24995

Abstract

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid produced by glutamate decarboxylation by the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase and it is widely distributed in plants, animals and microorganisms. GABA-producing microorganisms including Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) which play a role in the fermentation process of food such as rusip. Rusip is a preserved food of marine fish made from raw anchovy of Bangka-Belitung. The purpose of this study was to obtain LAB isolates through the process of isolation from rusip and identify the presence of GABA. Isolation of LAB was carried out by the pour method on MRS agar and NA medium. The growing colonies were then characterized based on observations of colony morphology, Gram staining, catalase test, motility test, and fermentation type test. LAB isolates obtained were selected to obtain isolates which are capable to produce GABA using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The results of isolation from rusip and inoculation on MRS agar medium obtained, three LAB isolates namely RSP-A1, RSP-A2, and RSP-A3. Their characteristics are Gram positive bacteria, negative catalase test, negative motility test, and belong to homofermentative and heterofermentative bacteria groups. They were also able to produce GABA. Research on GABA from isolates isolated from rusip is a new thing in the world of GABA research. This research provides information that is beneficial to produce GABA easily, cheaply, and efficiently.
Potential of Soil Bacteria as Mercury Bioremediation Agent in Traditional Gold Mining Winardi Winardi; Eko Haryono; Sudrajat Sudrajat; Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.16688

Abstract

Mandor Village has developed as a tradisional gold mining area since years ago. It involved activities that have led to extreme land condition and the release of mining residues, i.e., mercury, to the soils. The study examined the potential of soil bacteria as mercury bioremediation agent based on their population and activity in former mines with different ages. The bacterial population was measured by isolating soil bacteria on solid media using the pour plate method, and the colonies were enumerated during the incubation. The Nutrient Agar (NA) medium was used to obtain the total population, whereas the Salt Base Solution (SBS) was to determine the presence of mercury-tolerant bacteria. The addition of HgCl2 affected the number of the colonies. The colony only grew until the concentration of HgCl2 reached 5 mg/l, and the total colony was larger in older mines. The observation of bacterial activity showed that biotransformation performance was lower when the concentration of mercury was the same as its natural presence in soils (0.1-0.5 mg/l) compared with higher mercury level (1 mg/l). The research showed that lower mercury concentrations in nature reduced the natural ability of bacteria to transform pollutants. This study provides information that can assist the development of a technological approach to control mercury pollution in former traditional gold mines in an environmentally friendly manner using indigenous soil bacteria.
Antioxidant Effect of Clorella vulgaris on Wistar Rat Kidney Induced by CCl4: A Histopathological Review Priyo Susatyo; Achmad Akbar Rifanda; Sorta Basar Ida Simanjuntak; Titi Chasanah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.13398

Abstract

Kidney is very susceptible to damage by toxicological compounds such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl­4). CCl4 produce free radicals, which cause lipid peroxidation and kidney damage and free radical release, which can be prevented by the administration of exogenous antioxidants, such as Chlorella vulgaris.The aim of study was to determine an effect of antioxidant of C. vulgaris on the histopathological features of Wistar rat  kidney which is induced by CCl4. Experimental study with completely randomized design. The variable was histopathology features of the kidneys. The doses of C. vulgaris extract were 3 mg, 4 mg, and 5 mg per 100 grams of rat body weight (BW). The administration of C. vulgaris extract was performed within 30 days, while the CCl4 induction (0.25 ml / 100 g BW) was administered orally on the day 9, 12, 16, 19, 23, and 26. Parameters were histopathology features of renal damage, proportion of tubular cell damage, and Bowman's space diameter. The results showed the administration of C. vulgaris extract was able to reduce the impact of damage caused by CCl4 (p0.05). This was supported by histologic observations, which was showing a decrease of picnotic and vacuolated cells, normal brush border, and decrease of Bowman's space. In conclusion, 5 mg / 100 g BW of C. vulgaris extract can effectively protect the kidney from damage        caused  by        CCl4. The results of this study strongly support further research on immunostimulant content test C. vulgaris and determine the efficient dose for representative animals mammals also in humans.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Jus Tomat pada Pencegahan Kerusakan Jaringan Paru-Paru Mencit yang Dipapar Asap Rokok (Genetic Diversity of Banana with B Genom Using Microsatelite Marker) Aditya Marianti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.39

Abstract

The activities of tomato juice’s antioxidant for the prevention of lung tissues damage in mice cigarette smoke induces endogen antioxidant is no longer effective on oxidative stress control towards cigarette consumer lung, thus exogenous antioxidant is a must. A kind of exogenous antioxidant is lycopen, a content of tomato. 40 mice is divided into 5 groups with 8 of each. Group I is the controlling group, group II is the negative control, and group III, IV, V are the group of mice that is supplied by tomato juice on the 1,7 g/100 g weight/day ; 3,4 g/100 g weight/day; and 5,1 g/100 g weight/day dozes. Each group, except the control one, is forced by cigarette smoke for 15 minutes per day in 54 days. On the 55th day, all mice is sacrificed. Specimens of their lungs are made in the way of histological by haematoxylin – eosin method. The data is about the comparison of lung tissue failed on each group, that is analyzed by Anava. The observation of each tissue on the group II showed emfisema pattern, that is alveolus membrane epithelia cell with no nucleus nor endothelium, with wide alveolus lumen and loose alveolus junction. The identical situation also found on group III. The failed tissue cannot be found on group IV and V. Antioxidant of tomato is capable of controlling lung tissue failed of mice of cigarette smoke. Keywords. Tomato juice, antioxidant, cigarette smoke, lung tissues
The Dynamic of Phytoplankton Community Structure in Face of Warming Climate in A Tropical Man-Made Lake Sunardi Sunardi; Rina Febriani; Budi Irawan; Mutia Septi Saputri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.7725

Abstract

In freshwater ecosystems, water temperature plays as an environmental factor that regulates its structure and function. A research on the impacts of changes in temperature to the dynamics of the Phytoplankton community structure has been done. Data from nineteen-year period (1995 to 2013) were collected from Cirata Reservoir as an example of artificial tropical lake in Indonesia. The research aimed to determine the changes of water temperature as the impact of climate warming on the dynamics of phytoplankton community structure. Different measures such as species richness, diversity index, and abundance were measured in order to understand the changes of phytoplankton community structure. Trend analysis, linear regression, and correlation were applied to achieve our objective. The study revealed that changes in water temperature have affected the species richness, but not the diversity index and abundance of the phytoplankton. Bacilariophyceae and Cyanophyceae were found as two predominant phytoplankton classes in the lake with percentage of 48,45 and 41,43 respectively, assuming their capacity to adapt the new environment. This study suggests that climate warming implies changes of the freshwater ecosystems.
Deteksi Daging Babi Pada Produk Bakso di Pusat Kota Salatiga Menggunakan Teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction Fidia Fibriana; Tuti Widianti; Amin Retnoningsih; Susanti -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.3928

Abstract

Teknik PCR mempunyai kemampuan yang sensitif untuk deteksi keberadaan daging babi di dalam daging segar maupun produk olahan yang dicampur dengan bahan lain. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah produk bakso yang dijajakan di pusat kota Salatiga mengandung daging babi. Teknik stratified random sampling digunakan untuk mengambil sampel bakso yang dijajakan 13 warung bakso dari 25 warung bakso yang tersebar di pusat Kota Salatiga. Isolasi dan purifikasi DNA sampel bakso, daging sapi, dan daging babi menggunakan metode isolasi DNA jaringan hewan. DNA hasil isolasi dilanjutkan proses PCR menggunakan primer p14 untuk mengamplifikasi lokus PRE-1 pada genom babi. Proses amplifikasi DNA dengan program denaturasi awal pada suhu 93 °C selama 2 menit, diikuti 45 siklus terdiri atas denaturasi 93 °C selama 1 menit, annealing 62 °C selama 30 detik, ekstensi 72 °C selama 1 menit, kemudian diakhiri ekstensi 72 °C selama 2 menit. Produk PCR yang diharapkan muncul berukuran 481bp. Hasil elektroforesis gel agarose 1,2% pada produk PCR menunjukkan adanya pita DNA spesifik berukuran 481 bp pada daging babi dan sampel bakso nomor tiga belas, sehingga disimpulkan warung bakso nomor tiga belas produk baksonya mengandung daging babi.PCR technique has the ability to be sensitive to the detection of the presence of pork in fresh meat and processed products are mixed with other materials. The aim of this research to determine whether the product meatballs are sold in downtown Salatiga containing pork. Stratified random sampling technique is used to take samples of meatballs stall which sold 13 of the 25 meatballs stalls in the Salatiga City centre. Isolation and purification of DNA samples of meatballs, beef, and pork using DNA isolation method of animal tissue. DNA isolation results continue the process of PCR using primers to amplify p14 locus PRE-1 in the pig genome. DNA amplification process with initial denaturation program at a temperature of 93 °C for 2 min, followed by 45 cycles consisting of denaturation 93 °C for 1 min, annealing 62 °C for 30 seconds, extension 72 °C for 1 minute, then topped extension 72 °C for 2 minutes. PCR products were expected to appear sized 481bp. Results of a 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products indicate a specific DNA band sized 481 bp on pork and meatball sample number thirteen, so it concluded meatball stall number thirteen baksonya products containing pork.

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