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TEKNIK

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08521697 EISSN : 24609919 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Engineering

Journal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu rekayasa/keteknikan. Artikel-artikel yang dipublikasikan di Jurnal TEKNIK meliputi hasil-hasil penelitian ilmiah asli (prioritas utama), artikel ulasan ilmiah yang bersifat baru (tidak prioritas), atau komentar atau kritik terhadap tulisan ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Jurnal TEKNIK.

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Articles 522 Documents

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Kinetika Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Kedelai Menjadi Biodiesel Menggunakan Katalis Padat Ramah Lingkungan K2O/CaO-ZnO Aribowo, Windarto; Nugroho, Amin; Istadi, I.
TEKNIK Vol 40, No. 3 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Katalis padat yang ramah lingkungan K2O/CaO-ZnO memiliki keunggulan untuk proses reaksi transesterifikasi meliputi sifat basa heterogen aktif, kelarutan rendah, kekuatan mekanik yang baik, dan dapat digunakan kembali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kinetika reaksi transesterifikasi minyak kedelai menjadi biodiesel menggunakan katalis padat K2O/CaO-ZnO untuk mendapatkan model persamaan laju reaksi heterogen. Kajian meliputi: prediksi mekanisme yang sesuai dengan data eksperimen melalui analisis ketergantungan perubahan laju reaksi terhadap perubahan masing-masing reaktan dan perumusan persamaan akhir laju reaksi. Persamaan laju reaksi yang dihasilkan dapat dipakai untuk perancangan reaktor. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme reaksi yang terjadi mengikuti mekanisme Eley-Rideal, dimana metanol yang teradsorpsi pada permukaan katalis bereaksi dengan trigliserida (minyak kedelai) pada fase cairnya menghasilkan biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) dan gliserol. Persamaan laju reaksi yang diperoleh digunakan dalam perancangan reaktor sehingga hubungan antara berat katalis yang dibutuhkan dengan konversi trigliserida menjadi biodiesel dan perhitungan volume reaktor yang dibutuhkan dapat dilakukan.

SIMULASI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH KOTA DENGAN POWERSIM Budi Sasongko, Setia
TEKNIK Volume 29, Nomor 2, Tahun 2008
Publisher : Diponegoro University

This article is developed based on the previous articles in this journal about municipa solid waste (MSW)or rubbish in municipal which should be well managed to withdraw from negative effect. Based on thesecondary data can be prepared computation model using Powersim as the objective of this article.Application of Powersim is also discussed in this article to develop operation of the simulator. Thesimulation of the municipal solid waste management is the action to replicate the real situation or event toget the effect or appearance system. The results of computation model by Powersim can be simulatedseveral activities of the municipal solid waste such as the environmentalist or the decision maker to carryout clean municipal.

KONSEP WATERFRONT PADA PERMUKIMAN ETNIS KALI SEMARANG Sarinastiti, Ajeng; Rukayah, R. Siti; Murtini, Titin Woro
TEKNIK Vol 36, No 2 (2015): (December 2015)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Kali Semarang sebagai sungai bersejarah di Semarang, dahulu memiliki fungsi transportasi yang membelah perekonomian dan pertahanan kota. Bermacam etnis pedagang tinggal di sekitarnya hingga daerah tersebut menjadi permukiman etnis. Contohnya Kampung Melayu, etnis Tionghoa pada Kampung Pecinan, etnis Arab pada Kampung Kauman, serta Kampung Sekayu. Dan juga Kawasan Kota Lama sebagai daerah bersejarah dalam masa pemerintahan Kota Semarang. Kali Semarang memberi pengaruh fungsi waterfront pada permukiman tersebut.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep waterfront pada permukiman etnis Kali Semarang, yaitu Kampung Melayu, Kawasan Kota Lama, Kampung Pecinan, Kampung Kauman, dan Kampung Melayu. Diperlukan eksplorasi dan deskripsi keadaan yang mendalam untuk mengidentifikasikan informasi baru pada lokasi penelitian dengan konsep atau teori yang menjelaskan fenomena yang akan terjadi. Metode kualitatif rasionalistik digunakan dengan landasan teori mengenai waterfront dan permukiman etnis disertai dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur dari berbagai sumber, observasi lapangan langsung, dan pertanyaan mendalam kepada key person. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hanya Kampung Melayu dan Kawasan Kota Lama yang pada awal mulanya menggunakan konsep waterfront karena lokasinya merupakan kawasan pelabuhan, pergudangan, dan perdagangan. Kampung Pecinan sebagai kawasan perdagangan, serta Kampung Kauman dan Kampung Sekayu sebagai permukiman tidak menggunakan konsep waterfront.[Title: Waterfront Concept on Ethnic Settlement in Kali Semarang] Kali Semarang, as a historical river in Semarang, has function as transportation to support the economy and city. Many ethnic traders settled around, so that area becomes ethnic settlement, such as Kampung Melayu, Chinese ethnic in Kampung Pecinan, Arabian ethnic in Kampung Kauman, and Kampung Sekayu, and Kota Lama areas as historical area in Semarangâ€™s government era. The Kali Semarang giving influence of the waterfront function of those area. This paper purposes to understand waterfront concept of ethnicity settlement around Kali Semarang, such as: Kampung Melayu, Kawasan Kota Lama, Kampung Pecinan, Kampung Kauman, and Kampung Melayu. Exploration and deeper situations description are needed to identify new informations in respected location completed with concept or theories that explain the phenomenon. The qualitative rationalistic method is used for explaining theoritical basis regarding waterfront and ethnical settelement by data collecting through literature study, field observation, and key person question. The result of this research shows that Kampung Melayu and Kota Lama are pioneer to use the waterfront concept because of it location constitute as sea port area, warehouse, and commerce. Kampung Pecinan as a commerce area, Kampung Kauman and Kampung Sekayu, as settlement, did not use the waterfront concept.

THE URBAN DENSITY AND ISOPRICE PERSPECTIVES FOR TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE Hermawan, Ferry
TEKNIK Volume 32, Nomor 2, Tahun 2011
Publisher : Diponegoro University

The endownment problems of urban growth is the density. Based on Land-Rent theorema, the people move tosuburban area. After that, the access built to accommodating the people activities. This article describe aboutthe density, road network pattern identification and the isoprice as the new approach to chapturing themacroscopic evaluation. By literature study from previews study and spatial methodology by geographicinformation system, the problems was simulated quantitatively. The result of this study indicated that SemarangCity has radial concentric topology with pattern of density commencing to south district with cheaper costtransport in the dense network of public transport.

ANALISIS RESIKO KONSENTRASI DEBU (TSP) DAN TIMBAL (Pb) DI PINGGIR JALAN TERHADAP KESEHATAN MANUSIA STUDI KASUS KOTA YOGYAKARTA Setyo Huboyo, Haryono; Syafrudin, Syafrudin
TEKNIK Volume 28, Nomor 2, Tahun 2007
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Motor vehicle emission generate numerous harmful pollutants in the street every day, some of them arecarcinogenic such as TSP and lead. Yogyakarta is one of represent city which has high traffic load so that thecontamination effect is pronounced. This research was aimed at analysing the risk from related pollutant forpeople who live or work in the vicinity of main streets. This work consists of four steps i.e hazardidentifications, exposure assessment, toxicity assessment, and risk characterization. High volume samplerwas used to catch ambient TSP, spektrophotometer was used for Pb analysis further. Fifteen main streets hadbeen selected for field sampling. Hazard identifications to TSP and Pb concentration was mirrored toambient air standard that maximal concentration for the TSP is 230 Î¼g/m3 and for Pb is 2 Î¼g/m3. Onexposure assessment the TSP concentration in Wates street, Janti, Godean street, Solo street, PKUMuhammadiyah, and STTL exceed ambient air standard (Kep. Gub. DIY No. 513/ 2002), whereas for Pb, allstreets comply to standard. Toxicity assessment revealed that TSP intake in all place was safe since thecalculated intake were still under maximal intake 0,074 mg/kg.day. The circumstance was also true for Pbthat the intake do not exceed 0,00065 mg/kg.day. Based on risk characterization result, it can be concludedthat level of total risk in all places was less than unity so it implies that in those area was safe for dailyactivities in specified time with respect to pollutants of interest. However the relative high risk was pointedout to the Ahmad Dahlan street and the lowest risk was in the Magelang street. Average total risk inYogjakarta city was 0,034.

Risk Assessment of Total Coliform in X WTPâ€™s Water Production Using Failure Mode And Effect Analysis Method Amanda, Bella Apriliani; Moesriati, Atiek; Karnaningroem, Nieke
TEKNIK Vol 38, No 1 (2017): (Juli 2017)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

The greatest risk of drinking water supply is a failure to provide safe drinking water for communities. Based on IPA Kedunguling testing report on March 2016 noted that sample exceeding the quality standart of Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No 492/2010 for the total coliform quality standart. The presence of total coliforms indicating water contamination by pathogen means the water is not safe to consume. The disinfection process has an importance rule in pathogen inactivation. Disinfectant performance is influenced by temperature, pH, turbidity, and the presence of organic materials. One way to control the quality of water produced by using a risk management approach Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methods. The potential risks should be measured to determine causes of the problems and find the appropriate risk reduction. The risk assessment is using Risk Priority Number (RPN) scale as a basis prioritization of remedial action on issues. Based on identification and risk analysis using FMEA known that the greatest risk of failure is the stipulation of chlorine dose and organic substances (category of high risk level); residual chlorine (category of moderate risk level); turbidity and pH (very low risk level category). Improvement proposal that can be done to reduce total coliforms presence in IPA Kedunguling is by increasing residual chlorine to 0.6 mg/l, set a daily chlorine level, controlling DBPs forming by lowering the concentration of organic precursor using granular activated carbon (GAC) or aeration, by lowering the dose of disinfectant, set aside DBPs after the compound is formed using granular activated carbon (GAC), turbidity and pH monitoring, and regularly washing the filters

SIMULASI TEKNIK POWER CONTROL DAN MULTI USER DETECTION PADA SISTEM KOMUNIKASI DS-CDMA Christyono, Yuli
TEKNIK Volume 31, Nomor 1, Tahun 2010
Publisher : Diponegoro University

CDMA is interference limited multiple access system. Because all users transmit on the same frequency,internal interference generated by the system is the most significant factor in determining system capacity andcall quality. The transmit power for each user must be reduced to limit interference, however, the power shouldbe enough to maintain the required Eb/No (signal to noise ratio) for a satisfactory call quality. Maximumcapacity is achieved when Eb/No of every user is at the minimum level needed for the acceptable channelperformance. As the MS moves around, the RF environment continuously changes due to fast and slow fading,external interference, shadowing , and other factors. The aim of the dynamic power control is to limittransmitted power on both the links while maintaining link quality under all conditions. Additional advantagesare longer mobile battery life and longer life span of BTS power amplifiers.In this research will be made a sumulation of power control and multi user detection to avoid the interferencebetween MS.Observations show that the increasing number of users will decrease the value of Signal to Interfrence Ratio(SIR) / SIR below the target. To cope the growing number of users increases can be done by iteration / updatingpower transmit so the convergence computation can be reached and target value SIR can be achieved. Inaddition, to reduce interference can also be done by extending the number of chips.

ASPEK PROSES DIAGENESIS TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK BATUPASIR FORMASI KEREK, DAERAH KALIPUTIH DAN SEKITARNYA, KECAMATAN SINGOROJO, KABUPATEN KENDAL, JAWA TENGAH Vahyu, Vanny Hertanto; Hadi, Nugroho; Prakosa, Rachwibowo
TEKNIK Volume 33, Nomor 2, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v33i2.4388

The sedimentary rock is formed and associated with the diagenesis processes, as all the physical, chemical, andbiological changes in the characteristics of a sediment accumulation from the time the grains are deposited untilthey are metamorphosed. This process is profoundly influence the characteristic of sedimentary rock, including thetexture, internal structure, mineral composition, cementation type, and pore space. Hence, it is important to knowor learn the stage of sandstone diagenesis, especially in the Kerek Formation to mark the correlation betweendiagenesis and physical properties of sandstone.The purpose of this research is to identify the stage of diagenetic processes, diagenetic environment, the type ofcementation, and the relationship between diagenetic stage and physical properties of sandstone. The methods usedin this research are survey method and data analysis method. The survey method includes the making of crosssectionalmeasured stratigraphy and data analysis method includes petrographic and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The sedimentary structures found in the carbonate sandstones are burrows, convolute ripple lamination, gradedbedding, parallel lamination, cross lamination, current ripple lamination; which are features of turbidity deposition(Bouma sequence). Based on the petrography analysis results for sample P 01 and P 02 showed compaction,cementation, dissolution, and bioturbation, with a porosity value of 1 %. Sample P 03 showed compaction,cementation, dissolution, and bioturbation, with a porosity value of 7 %. Sample P 04 showed compaction,cementation, and dissolution, with a porosity value of 1 %. Sample P 06 showed compaction, cementation,dissolution and replacement, with a porosity value of 5 %. Sample P 07 showed compaction, and cementation, witha porosity value of 30 %. The Lithology type in the research area was Calcarenite with dominant shell fragment,the lithology names are Packed biomicrite (Folks, 1959; in Nichols, 2009), and Packstone (Dunham, 1962; inNichols, 2009). Carbonate sandstones predominantly feldspar and quartz minerals and the lihtology names areCarbonate quartz wackes (Pettijhon, 1975; in Nichols, 2009), and Carbonate feldspathic arenite (Pettijhon, 1975;in Nichols, 2009). There are three minerals type of cement showed in carbonate sandstones which are calcite,chlorite and pyrite cements.The results of this research indicate that the diagenesis stages of carbonate sandstones showed cementation,dissolution, replacement, bioturbation, and compaction processes, and the more stages of diagenesis that occurs incarbonate sandstones will result in reduced porosity and progressively up at for formation stratigraphy excelsiorsediment rock assess its porosity is equal to 1%, 5%, 7% and 15% respectively. The type of cement minerals in thecarbonate sandstone influence porosity, especially in carbonate sandstone which there are chlorite cement that havesmall porosity value of 1%, 5% and 7%. The environment of diagenesis in carbonate sandstones that is phreatic andburial experienced of eogenesis process, mesogenesis process and telogenesis process.

Analisa Gerakan Rolling Kapal Bocor Akibat Beban Gelombang Laut Pada Kapal Bulk Carrier Putranto, Teguh; Purwanto, Dedi Budi
TEKNIK Vol 39, No. 2 (2018): Desember 2018
Publisher : Diponegoro University

The stability is a key requirement for the ship to sail safely. This article presents an analysis of rolling movements on bulk carrier vessels that have leaked when subjected to wave loads with heading angles of 90â° and 270â° and maximum wave height. The ship is in full load condition when the simulation and analysis is carried out with a scenario of leakage in the cargo chamber. Because the vessel with compartment leakage has trim and shaky conditions, the results of the rolling motion show differences in each direction the waves come. The 3D diffraction panel method is used to get the rolling motion of the ship as a function of time. The results of the study without sloshing effects showed that the bulk carrier had the risk of sinking if there were leaks in the two cargo chambers.

SIMULASI FILTER KALMAN UNTUK ESTIMASI SUDUT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR GYROSCOPE Wahyudi, Wahyudi; Susanto, Adhi; Pramono H, Sasongko; Widada, Wahyu
TEKNIK Volume 30, Nomor 2, Tahun 2009
Publisher : Diponegoro University

The Kalman filter is a recursive solution to the process linear filtering problem that can remove the noisefrom signal and then the information can useful. The process that use Kalman filter must be approximatedas two equations of linear system, state equation and output equation. Computation of Kalman filter isminimizes the mean of the square error. This paper explore the basic consepts of the Kalman filteralgorithm and simulate its to filter data of gyroscope to get a rotation. The measurement noise covariancedetermines how much information from the sample is used. If measurement noise covariance is high showthat the measurement isnâ€™t very accurate. The process noise covariance contributes to the overalluncertainty of the estimate as it is added to the error covariance matrix in each time step. If the errorcovariance matrix is small the Kalman filter incorporates a lot less of the measurement into estimate ofrotation.

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