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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 25277332     EISSN : 26140020     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.
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Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 3 (2024)" : 8 Documents clear
A Narrative Review of the Case Reports of Routine Immunization Performance During a Pandemic COVID-19 Rahayuningsih, Nur; Suwantika, Auliya A.; Diantini, Ajeng; Sinuraya, Rano K.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i3.59264

Abstract

Routine immunization is a program that must ensure adequate coverage as one preventive measure against the transmission of vaccine-preventable disease (VPD). Vaccines are the most cost-effective healthcare investment as it has been shown to prevent and reduce the incidence of disease, disability, and death from VPD, which is estimated to kill 2 – 3 million people each year. As of July 11, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has been deemed the worst public health emergency in the world, with over 12 million positive cases and 556,342 fatalities documented in 213 nations. The impact of the pandemic on routine immunization has resulted in higher morbidity and mortality from this VPD in countries with low coverage. This review article comprehensively describes routine immunization services and case reports of immunization performance during the COVID-19 pandemic.   
Adverse Drug Reaction of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (Valsartan, Candesartan, Losartan): a Systematic Review Nurviana, Destawesty; Destiani, Dika P.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i3.56906

Abstract

Hypertension is a significant global health problem, with a growing prevalence worldwide. The most commonly documented ADRs of hypertension medication in primary care records include those associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). The purpose of this paper is to review and evaluate the potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with the use of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), specifically valsartan, candesartan, and losartan in the management of hypertension and related diseases. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trial articles that involved valsartan, candesartan, and losartan monotherapy compared with placebo or other standard antihypertensive drugs. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used in the search for articles in May 2024 and 21 articles were included in this review. This study comprised 21 randomized controlled trials. The study participants' ages ranged from 34.4 years to 76 years. Sample sizes ranged from 16 to 1381 patients with a total 4606 patients. A total of 44 ADRs were observed and the most likely ADRs were headache, dizziness, hypotension, hyperkalemia, nausea, upper respiratory tract infection, and fatigue. Generally, the ADRs that occurred were not fatal and did not lead to discontinuation of therapy. The safety and tolerability profiles of ARBs are among the best for antihypertensive drugs, then overall, the comparison of ARB agents between valsartan, candesartan, and losartan in this class is similar. The most frequent adverse events in the group receiving therapy include headache, dizziness, hypotension, hyperkalemia, nausea, nasopharyngitis, and fatigue. 
Effectiveness And Safety of Shorter Treatment Regimen Containing Bedaquiline in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Putra, Oki N.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i3.57368

Abstract

Bedaquiline have been included in the shorter treatment regimen (STR) to treat patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of STR containing bedaquiline. Data were collected retrospectively from medical records of MDR-TB patients receiving STR between January 2020 and December 2021. Sputum culture was evaluated at six months (24 weeks) and the end of treatment. Measurement of renal and liver function test, serum electrolytes, and uric acid were evaluated to assess safety during six months of treatment. Treatment failure, death, and loss to follow-up were also recorded during the study period. Thirty eligible MDR-TB met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-five of them had a positive culture at baseline. After treatment completion, 96.0% patients experienced sputum culture conversion. A significant decrease in potassium and calcium serum levels was observed at three months of treatment. Cases of treatment failure and loss to follow-up were 3.3% and 6.6%, respectively. MDR-TB patients receiving STR containing bedaquiline demonstrated favorable sputum conversion with tolerable safety profile
Rabeprazole and Domperidone Induced Hyperprolactinemia in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism and Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Case Report M, Kiran; Chakraborty, Ananya
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i3.54359

Abstract

Drugs are a common cause of hyperprolactinemia. They are common in patients taking antipsychotics, antiemetics, opioids, antidepressants, prokinetics and proton pump inhibitors (PPI). Rabeprazole is a relatively newer PPI. Domperidone is a well-known prokinetic and antiemetic drug.  There are few reports of hyperprolactinemia & galactorrhea with fixed drug combination (FDC) of rabeprazole (20 mg) and domperidone (30 mg). Here, we report a case of 39-year-old diabetic and hypothyroid female patient who was on the above FDC for peptic ulcer disease on and off for the last four years and developed hyperprolactinemia. She showed neither clinical signs of galactorrhea nor amenorrhea. On routine blood investigations, she had increased prolactin level. Radiological evaluation of brain was normal. The drug was stopped and repeat prolactin was normal within one week of withholding. A diagnosis of rabeprazole and domperidone induced hyperprolactinemia was reached based on clinical, laboratory judgement and causality assessment.
Knowledge and Behavior Regarding Antibiotic Stewardship in Health Workers at Sultan Syarif Mohammad Alkadrie Hospital, Indonesia Restika, Risma A.; Mardhia, Mardhia; Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin; Liana, Delima F.; IH, Hariyanto
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i3.56573

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern. The World Health Organization reports that antimicrobial resistance constitutes a serious threat to public health worldwide. One of the risk factors in the development of antimicrobial resistance cases is the irrational use of antibiotics. Knowledge and behavior of health worker about antibiotic stewardship play a role in preventing antibiotic resistance cases. This study aimed to demonstrate knowledge and behavior regarding antibiotic stewardship in health workers at Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Hospital, Pontianak. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using consecutive sampling with total of 39 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires with total of 45 questions. Knowledge and behavior of respondents were categorized as good, moderate, and low. The data was analyzed using the spearman rank correlation coefficient. The results showed that most health workers had good knowledge 97.44% (38/39) and good behavior 87.18% (34/39) related to antibiotic stewardship with a spearman p-value >0.05. Antibiotic stewardship is important for health workers to prevent an increase in antibiotic resistance cases and their impact on public health worldwide. As we know, increasing antibiotic resistance is a globally major problem as health system depends on effective antibiotics to treat bacterial infections.
Potential of Red Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum) as an Anti-Cancer: A Review Anggara, I Gede Yudi; Kirtishanti, Aguslina; Gondokesumo, Marisca E.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i3.52562

Abstract

Red ginger rhizome, Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum has long been used as a herbal medicine. Its biological properties, including anti-cancer properties, are confirmed. Compared to their stems and leaf tissues, the average amount of gingerols in red ginger rhizomes (104.39 μg/g) is much higher. In addition to gingerol, other nonvolatile pungent chemicals found in ginger include shogaols, paradols, gingerdiols, and zingerone. Gingerol disrupts the cell cycle, triggers apoptosis in cancer cells, and prevents the growth and spread of cells by interacting with particular proteins, gene targets, and signal transduction pathways. 6-shogaol activity suppresses NF-kB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), decreases Bcl-2 expression, and increases Bax expression, which contributes to lowering cell viability and causing autotosis. The several functions of red ginger in regulating biological processes linked to anticancer effects will be outlined in this review. In order to organize related study findings in accordance with the specified publication criteria, this literature review employs a narrative technique. The chemical composition of red ginger rhizome that functions as an anti-cancer agent contains 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 10-gingerol, 6-paradon, and zingeron, according to the findings of this literature review that was conducted. Red ginger rhizome has been proven to have anti-cancer activity in various types of cancer that have been studied in vitro and in silico, there are head and neck cancer, endometrial adenocarcinoma,breast cancer, lung cancer, skin cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia, oral and cervical cancer, brain tumor, bone cancer, and pancreatic cancer.
Economic Evaluations of Artificial Intelligence Implementation in Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Ahmad, Ahmad; Zakiyah, Neily; Suwantika, Auliya A.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i3.60068

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes that damages retinal blood vessels and can lead to vision impairment. The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in DR screening offers a promising alternative to conventional methods. However, further research is crucial to determine the cost-effectiveness of this intervention.This study systematically reviewed economic evaluations of AI interventions in DR screening using data from PubMed and ScienceDirect (2014–2023). Studies in various healthcare settings assessing cost-effectiveness outcomes, such as incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and net monetary benefit, were included. The CHEERS (Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards) checklist was used to assess the reporting quality of included studies.AI intervention can potentially provide accurate diagnoses by performing complex data analysis quickly and consistently. Despite initial higher costs, AI screening often led to higher quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and improved healthcare resource allocation, particularly in underserved areas. From several perspectives, AI screening is cost-effective compared to manual screening, which has a lower ICER. Seven out of eight articles concluded that using AI for screening is cost-effective. However, challenges in generalizing AI models across diverse populations suggest a need for further validation to prevent diagnostic bias and ensure healthcare equity. Specifically, the hybrid use of manual screening with AI assistance is more cost-effective than the other comparison methods.AI can improve diagnoses like DR through quick data analysis and accuracy, but human guidance is still needed for algorithm development and decision-making. Combining AI with human involvement can lead to more cost-effective interventions.
Perspective Study of Critical Appraisal of Drug Promotional Literature and Clinicians Attitude towards DPL Using WHO Ethical Criteria: At aTertiary Care Centre. Dadibhanvi, Akkamma H.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 9, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v9i3.54364

Abstract

Drug promotional literature (DPL) is a vital method used by Pharmaceutical companies for promotion of pharmaceutical products to healthcare professionals. Medical representative (MR) visits to clinician, providing DPLs  samples were  eye-catching, fascinating , even though materials were very informative accepted as it is without critical appraised, they leads to irrational prescribing practices and increasing health care cast of patients. Aim of this study to evaluate drug promotional literature by using WHO ethical criteria and perception of physician regarding DPL. The study was conducted at Al-Ameen Medical College and Hospital Vijayapura, Karnataka India. A cross sectional, observational study was carried out between the months of October 2023 and February 2024. Study was approved by institutional ethics committee and approved letter number is AMCH/AMCE 2023- 005/23. DPLs in the form of brochures, calendars, pamphlets, flip-charts, flyers, and leaflets were collected from various Out Patients Department. Clinicians were included during period DPLs samples collection. Results obtained were tabulated and analyzed using mean, frequency, percentage, descriptive statistics. Total 319 DPLs samples were collected. Total 263 DPLs samples were assessed and among them only 8 DPLs met all the WHO criteria. Present study results have found less than 50% information about therapeutic uses (45.2%).DPLs were contained drug promotion of ophthalmic condition (n-12), otorhinolaryngology(n-11) and skin diseases(n-27).Single drug promotion ( 56.3%) and FDC drug promotion (46.8%). Present study analyzed that 84.6% of clinicians had knowledge regarding WHO criteria for DPLs evaluation. 92.3% of practitioners agreed that critical appraisal of DPLs will be helpful in rational prescribing of drugs. Present study shows pharmaceutical companies are trying to stick to guidelines; however DPLs are not fulfilled completely as criteria present in OPPI code and WHO ethical criteria. Government should take legal steps to regulate pharmaceutical companies to publish DPLs according to WHO criteria. 

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