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Journal of Physics and Its Applications
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26225956     DOI : 10.14710
Core Subject : Science,
Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Journal of Physics and Its Applications (JPA) (e-ISSN: 2622-5956) is open access, International peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-novelty and original research papers and review papers in the field of physics including Radiation Physics, Materials, Geophysics, Theoretical Physics, Instrumentation and Electronics, Medical Physics, Biomedical Physics, Chemical Physics, Mathematical Physics, and Applied Physics. The JPA publishes two issues annually (May and November). The journal is published by Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026" : 10 Documents clear
Performance Comparison of Large-Core Optical Waveguides with Waste-Derived and Analytical-Grade Chitosan Core Materials Yulianti, Ian; Rizkika, Aflah Agus; Darma Putra, Ngurah Made; Alauhdin, Mohammad; Astuti, Budi; Wiwit Prayitno, Wasi Sakti; Prayogo, Deffrian; Mufatihah, Nishfa; Athoriq, Naufal
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.30500

Abstract

This study investigates and compares the optical performance of large-core polymer waveguides fabricated using shrimp-shell-derived chitosan (SSC) and analytical-grade chitosan (AGC) as core materials. Both materials were processed into a buried square-core waveguide configuration and evaluated through optical loss measurements, time-dependent loss (TiDL), temperature-dependent loss (TDL), and microstructural examination. The two chitosan types exhibited their lowest attenuation at a concentration of 0.04 g/mL, with AGC showing marginally lower optical loss, consistent with its higher purity and degree of deacetylation. AGC also demonstrated superior temporal and thermal stability, supported by SEM results indicating a smoother and more homogeneous core morphology. Nevertheless, SSC showed performance levels closely comparable to AGC, revealing that biowaste-derived chitosan can function effectively as a core material for large-core waveguides. This outcome underscores the potential of SSC as a sustainable, low-cost alternative, contributing to SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) through biowaste valorization, and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) by promoting eco-friendly materials for future optical sensor platforms. The results affirm that SSC-based waveguides hold promise for applications including humidity, pH, chemical, and biochemical sensing.
Developing 1-D velocity model along Matano Fault Zone, Sulawesi, Indonesia Madona, Madona; Rosid, Mohammad Syamsu; Handoko, Djati; Sianipar, Dimas Salomo Januarianto
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.29859

Abstract

The Matano Fault, with a slip rate of ~ 20 mm/year, is the most active strike-slip fault in Sulawesi after the Palu-Koro Fault. As a result, this region exhibits a high level of seismicity. Unfortunately, a number of studies that have been conducted only involve a less dense network of stations and global velocity models. This study aims to obtain an optimum velocity model using the VELEST program, which reliably represents the actual condition of the study area. The data used in this study consists of hypocenter, origin times, and P-wave arrival times from earthquakes (Mw ≥ 3), each containing at least six clearly identified P-wave phases. These data were obtained from 317 events that occurred within the region bounded by 120.10°E – 122.20°E and 2.99°S – 1.66°S during the period from January 2022 to March 2025. To determine the optimum 1-D velocity model, four initial models were tested, namely Koulakov, Arimuko, Crust, and Bunaga. These models were evaluated based on RMS, the stability test of the updated velocity model, uncertainty assessment using bootstrap test, and their consistency with previous studies. The evaluation results indicate that the Arimuko Model is the most reliable, as it provides the lowest RMS value, stable hypocenter relocations (±6–7 km), bootstrap results showing narrow uncertainty intervals, and consistency with earlier studies that identified a low-velocity zone at depths of 0–3 km. The result of this study is expected to serve as a reference for earthquake relocation and seismicity analysis at the Matano Fault Zone.
Environmental Noise Analysis during Pile Driving Using a Single Acting Diesel Hammer Margiantono, Agus; Setiawati, Evi
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.28484

Abstract

Pile driving activities using diesel hammers are common in large-scale infrastructure development projects. One such project is the construction of a railway track leading to Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) in Kalidengen Village, where a single acting diesel hammer was employed. This study aims to analyze the environmental noise levels generated by the pile driving process at varying distances from the source. Noise level measurements were conducted at distances of 10 meters, 100 meters, and 150 meters using a calibrated sound level meter. The results show that the noise intensity at 10 meters reached values exceeding 120 dBA, while at 100 meters and 150 meters, the levels decreased significantly but still fluctuated between 50–65 dBA. A comparison was also made between the measured noise levels and theoretical predictions based on spherical spreading loss. The findings indicate a consistent decrease in noise levels with distance, in line with theoretical expectations, although certain deviations were observed due to site-specific conditions such as surface reflections and atmospheric absorption. The average noise levels at 100 meters and 150 meters were found to be close to or slightly above the environmental noise threshold of 55 dBA. This suggests a potential risk of noise disturbance in nearby residential areas. The study concludes that mitigation strategies, such as work time restrictions or temporary barriers, should be considered during pile driving operations in urban or residential settings.
Design of Radiation Shielding in X-Ray Rooms: A Study on Radiological Protection Hartanti, Aditya Surya; Widodo, Chomsin Sulistya; Arifin, Zaenal; Noor, Johan Andoyo Effendi
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.27379

Abstract

Radiation exposure protection is a critical aspect in the use of X-ray technology in the medical field. An effective radiation shielding design in X-ray rooms is not only important to protect patients, but also to ensure the safety of medical personnel who are routinely exposed to radiation. Alongside advancements in medical imaging technology, the design of X-ray rooms and shielding systems continues to evolve to meet increasingly stringent safety standards. This article aims to review recent approaches in radiation shielding design for X-ray rooms, with a focus on improving radiological protection. The study covers various types of materials used for shielding, such as lead, concrete, and alternative environmentally friendly materials, as well as new technologies in radiation protection systems. Additionally, it highlights optimal X-ray room design techniques, such as the placement of X-ray equipment, distance management, and room configuration, to minimize radiation exposure to unintended areas. Challenges in implementing shielding designs, including cost, space limitations, and compliance with safety regulations, are also thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, this article identifies the need for further research in this field, particularly regarding the development of more efficient and affordable shielding materials, as well as more innovative design approaches. The findings of this study are expected to provide new insights and practical recommendations that can be used by medical professionals, medical facility designers, and policymakers to enhance radiation safety standards in healthcare facilities.
The Effect of Laser Ablation Time On The Concentration of Gold Nanoparticle Colloids Pratiwi, Salsa Dila Nisa; Khumaeni, Ali; Nurhasanah, Iis
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.30233

Abstract

The use of gold nanoparticles is being studied more widely, including in the medical, electronics and sensor fields. Nanoparticles with high concentration and purity can be produced using the pulsed laser ablation method. This study aims to increase the concentration of gold nanoparticle colloids linearly with increasing ablation time using Nd: YAG Laser. The colloid concentration test parameters based on The concentration of AuNPs colloids with 10 minutes, 15 minutes, and 25 minutes ablation time is 5.17; 8.50; and 20.12 mg/L. It can be concluded that the longer ablation time succeeded in increasing the absorbance value and ultimately increasing the concentration of gold nanoparticle colloids. Nanoparticle colloid concentration can be further investigated using synthesis methods other than pulsed laser ablation.
Estimation of Geothermal Energy Potential Using Monte Carlo Simulation at Jaboi Geothermal Field, Indonesia Darisma, Dian; Turhamun, Rais Amsal; Masrurah, Zakia; Salsabila, Rifa Salma; Marwan, Marwan
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.25906

Abstract

Geothermal energy is an alternative solution for countries looking for renewable energy. However, energy potential estimation must be estimated before a drilling step to avoid drilling failure or financial loss. Monte Carlo simulation can be performed coupled with a volumetric method to calculate geothermal energy potential. This study aims to estimate the geothermal energy potential of the Jaboi geothermal field. The parameters used in this study were derived from previous studies and various references. Two scenarios are designed to extract the geothermal energy over 25 and 30 years. For the first scenario, 25 years, we obtained 34,51 MWe (P10), 48.28 MWe (P50), and 67.45 MWe (P90). For the second scenario, 30 years, we obtained 28.84 MWe (P10), 40.19 MWe (P50), and 56.20 Mwe (P90). The sensitivity analysis was then performed to determine which parameters significantly affect geothermal energy estimation. The results indicate that reservoir thickness is the most sensitive parameter. Therefore, determining this parameter must be done carefully.
Relativistic Effects and Stellar Properties in Hipparcos Binary Stars, White Dwarfs, and Neutron Stars Yasin, Verdi; Sahroni, Taufik Roni; Siagian, Ruben Cornelius; Mardiyati, Sri; Pramarta, Pandhu; Wujarso, Riyanto; Saprudin, Saprudin; Alfin, Edward
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.29176

Abstract

The research analyzes astrophysical phenomena in binary stars, fast stars, white dwarfs, and neutron stars, taking relativistic effects into account using Hipparcos catalog data. The objectives are to evaluate the relativistic precession of binary stars, the Shapiro delay due to the supermassive black hole Sgr A, the relativistic correction of neutron star luminosity, the distribution of star populations in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, the gravitational redshift of white dwarfs, and the characteristics of stars with extreme transverse velocities. Data from 10,726 binary star systems and 602 white dwarfs were processed numerically using R for data manipulation, visualization, and statistical calculations. The results show that relativistic precession in binary stars is generally small, increases in narrow orbits, and follows a power law with respect to the semi-major axis (exponent −0.453). Shapiro delay varies with projected distance to Sgr A, with most stars experiencing small delays, while some experience delays of up to 310 seconds. Neutron star luminosity shows a relativistic correction of ~0.03%, consistent with gravitational redshift and time dilation. The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram shows a clear separation between giants, main sequence stars, and white dwarfs, with a significant linear relationship between absolute magnitude and color index (B−V). The gravitational redshift of white dwarfs is controlled by radius (exponent −1.0001), while stars with extreme velocities form a heterogeneous and evenly distributed population. In conclusion, Hipparcos data support general relativity predictions and enable quantitative evaluation of stellar physics and evolution. Research novelties include systematic measurements of relativistic precession, Shapiro delay, neutron star luminosity corrections, white dwarf radius–redshift relationships, and kinematic characteristics of extreme stars.
Colloidal TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid for Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B Mubarokah, Nafaul; Khumaeni, Ali; Nurhasanah, Iis
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.29717

Abstract

Colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) method using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm. The optical and structural properties were analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and selected area diffraction (SAED). The amorphous TiO2 colloids exhibited a distinct absorption edge in the UV region, with the optical bandgap (Eg) estimated by the Tauc plot to be approximately 3.75 eV. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated through the degradation of Rhodamine B (10 ppm) under UV lamp (254 nm) irradiation. The TiO2 photocatalyst achieved more than 75% degradation within 150 minutes, whereas the control (photolysis without catalyst) showed less than 5% degradation. These results demonstrate that PLAL enables a clean and straightforward synthesis of high-purity amorphous TiO2 nanoparticles with effective photocatalytic activity under UV irradiation.
A Real-Time Hooke's Law Experiment using IoT Mobile Application Sudarmanto, Agus; Poernomo, Joko Budi; Suseno, Jatmiko Endro; Putranto, Ari Bawono; Basit, Muhammad Abdul
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Hooke's Law is one of the topics in physics that can be simplified for better understanding through practical methods. This research aims to design a Real-Time remote Hooke's Law experiment in laboratory with Blynk as IoT Mobile Application, allowing students to experiment more flexibly in terms of time and location. The research methodology is based on Research and Development (R&D), including hardware design, software design, testing and data collection, data analysis, and report writing. This study resulted in the development of a laboratory Hooke's Law experiment and a Blynk application as its controller. The apparatus was tested by conducting experiments with three different loads: 30 grams, 40 grams, and 50 grams. The experiments aimed to obtain the spring constant, k, which were then processed using Hooke's Law formula based determine spring elongation data, ∆x. The 30 gram load yielded an average ∆x of 0.059 meters with an accuracy of 99.98% and an average k value of 4.90 N/m with an accuracy of 98.75%. The 40 gram load yielded an average ∆x of 0.059 meters with an accuracy of 99.93% and an average k value of 5.32 N/m with an accuracy of 95.40%. The 50 gram load yielded an average ∆x of 0.089 meters with an accuracy of 99.94% and an average k value of 5.53 N/m with an accuracy of 96.39%. The overall accuracy of the apparatus was 99.95% for ∆x and 96.18% for the spring constant. The system can choose the mass, m with control the stepper motor via mobile application and the result of research can be monitored in smartphone display such as such as spring elongation, ∆x, and spring constant, k as well as streaming video for monitoring purposes. [1]      Arsada, Bakhtiyar, and B. Suprianto, “Ultrasonic Sensor Application for Distance Position Detection in Space Using Arduino Uno” State Univ. of Surabaya, 6(2), 137-145, (2017).[2]      K. A. Gamage, D. I. Wijesuriya, S. Y. Ekanayake, A. E. Rennie, C. G. Lambert, and N. Gunawardhana, "Online delivery of teaching and laboratory practices: Continuity of university programmes during COVID-19 pandemic" Educ. Sci., 10(10), 291, (2020). [3]      H. S. Wattimena, A. Suhandi, and A. Setiawan, “Indonesian Physics Education Journal” Indones. Phys. Educ. J., 10(2), 128–139, (2014).[4]      B. K. Prahani, E. Hariyono, H. V. Saphira, I. Zakhiyah, S. Eliezanatalie, and M. H. Ismail, "Digitalization of Physics Laboratory Tools: Increase Undergraduate Students Learning Motivation and Problem-Solving Skills" TEM J., 14(3), 2371–2380, (2025).[5]      S. Madakam, R. Ramaswamy, and S. Tripathi, "Internet of Things (IoT): A Literature" J. Comput. Commun., 3, 164–173, (2015).[6]      M. N. Ramadhani, "Real Laboratory Praktikum Kefisien Muai Panjang Berbasis Internet of Things dan Aplikasi Android" S1 Thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, (2021).[7]      Z. Wan, Y. Song, and Z. Cao, "Environment dynamic monitoring and remote control of greenhouse with ESP8266 NodeMCU" in Proc. 2019 IEEE 3rd Inf. Technol., Netw., Electron. Autom. Control Conf. (ITNEC), 377–382, (2019). [8]      D. C. Giancoli, Physics, Vol. 1, Jakarta: Erlangga, (2001).[9]      N. Azman, Internet of Things dan Komputasi Edge: Pengenalan Hingga Keamanan, Jakarta: CV. Tampuniak Mustika Edukarya, (2020).[10]  A. Kusumaningrum, A. Pujiastuti, and M. Zeny, "Pemanfaatan Internet of Things pada Kendali Lampu" Compiler, 6(1), 53–59, (2017). [11]  T. Juwariyah, S. Prayitno, and A. Mardhiyya, "Perancangan Sistem Deteksi Dini Pencegah Kebakaran Rumah Berbasis ESP8266 dan Blynk" J. Transistor EI, 3(2), 120–126, (2018).[12]  I. Setiawan and D. Sutarno, "Pembuktian Eksperimental Pengaruh Jumlah Lilitan Pegas dan Diameter Pegas terhadap Konstanta Pegas" in Conf. Proc. Sci., (2011).[13]  P. F. Yudha and R. A. Sani, "Implementasi sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 sebagai sensor parkir mobil berbasis Arduino" Einstein E-J., 5(3), 19–26, (2019).[14]  G. N. Prakasa, "Prototipe Kunci Pintu Menggunakan Motor Stepper Berbasis Arduino Mega 2560 Dengan Perintah Suara Pada Android" S1 Thesis, Universitas Lampung, (2017).[15]  Y. Efendi, "Internet of Things (IoT) Light Control System Using Mobile-Based Raspberry Pi" Sci. J. Comput. Sci., 4(1), 19–26, (2018). [16]   C. Dziuban, C. R. Graham, P. D. Moskal, A. Norberg, and N. Sicilia, "Blended learning: the new normal and emerging technologies" Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ., 15(1), 3, (2018).[17]  C. Dziuban, C. R. Graham, P. D. Moskal, A. Norberg, and N. Sicilia, "Blended learning: the new normal and emerging technologies" Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ., 15(1), 3, (2018).[18]  M. R. Hidayat, S. Christiono, and S. S. Budi, “Design of IoT-Based Home Security System with NodeMCU ESP8266 Using PIR HC-SR501 Sensor and Smoke Detector Sensor” Kilat J., 7(2), 140–141, (2018).A. Cocco and S. C. Masin, "The Law of Elasticity" Psicologica, 31(3), 647–657, (2010). 
Effect of Pepper Stem Fiber Orientation on Mechanical Properties, Water Absorption, and Biodegradation of Cassava Bioplastic Films Ramli, Irwan; Alfito, Fahri; Rahmawati, Hilda
Journal of Physics and Its Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jpa.v8i1.30198

Abstract

Plastic pollution continues to pose a serious environmental challenge due to the persistence of petroleum-based polymers in ecosystems. Starch-based bioplastics offer a biodegradable alternative; however, their practical application is limited by low mechanical strength and high water absorption. This study investigates the effect of pepper stem waste fiber (Piper nigrum) reinforcement and fiber orientation (aligned vs. random) on the mechanical properties, water absorption, and biodegradation behavior of cassava starch films. Bioplastic films were prepared in three formulations: control (without fibers), aligned fiber reinforcement (AFR), and random fiber reinforcement (RFR). Structural and performance evaluations were conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile testing, water absorption analysis, and soil burial biodegradation (8 cm depth). XRD patterns confirmed semi-crystalline starch structures with characteristic peaks at 2θ ≈ 17°, 19°, and 22°. Tensile strength increased from 0.6957 MPa (control) to 0.7873 MPa (AFR), corresponding to a 13.2% improvement, indicating enhanced load transfer in aligned fiber structures. Water absorption decreased from 70% (control) to 50% (RFR), showing a 28.6% reduction, likely due to increased tortuosity of water diffusion pathways. Soil burial testing showed rapid degradation, reaching 28.37% mass loss by day 3 and 100% mass loss/disintegration by day 6 under the tested conditions. Overall, pepper stem fibers improve the performance of cassava starch films while maintaining rapid biodegradability, highlighting their potential for environmentally friendly disposable and packaging applications.

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