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Potensi Rhizobakteri dari Tanaman Kubis (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) Daerah Getasan Semarang sebagai Agen Biobakterisida Terhadap Patogen Xanthomonas campestris Fahmi, Maya Fitriana Ilul; Budiharjo, Anto; Suprihadi, Agung
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 4, No. 2, November 2021
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Rhizobakteri merupakan bakteri yang hidup di sekitar perakaran tanaman, tidak menimbulkan efek negatif pada tanaman inangnya, dan diketahui dapat berperan sebagai agen biobakterisida. Penggunaan pestisida kimia untuk mengendalikan patogen tanaman dapat digantikan dengan memanfaatkan rhizobakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengisolasi rhizobakteri dari tanaman kubis di daerah Getasan, Semarang serta menguji kemampuan isolat tersebut untuk menghambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen Xanthomonas campestris penyebab penyakit busuk hitam pada kubis secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan isolasi rhizobakteri, karakterisasi isolat bakteri secara morfologi, uji antibakteri, identifikasi secara molekuler dengan 16S rRNA, dan uji konfirmasi biokimia. Hasil isolasi diperoleh tujuh belas isolat rhizobakteri dan terdapat empat isolat yang memiliki potensi sebagai agen biobakterisida terhadap patogen X. campestris. Isolat tersebut adalah K.1, K.3, K.9 dan K.12. Isolat K.9 memiliki daya hambat terbesar terhadap X. campestris yaitu 12,6 mm. Isolat ini diidentifikasi secara molekuler sebagai Bacillus cereus strain BF15. Hasil uji konfirmasi morfologi dan biokimia menunjukkan bahwa isolat K.9 merupakan bakteri gram positif berbentuk basil, dapat membentuk endospora, positif terhadap hidrolisis pati, fermentasi glukosa, bersifat motil serta hidup pada kondisi aerob dan negatif terhadap fermentasi arabinosa dan manitol.

Potensi Rizobakteri Pembentuk Endospora Dari Tanaman Padi Sebagai Biokontrol Fitopatogen Xanthomonas oryzae Sumarno, Maerani; Budiharjo, Anto; Pujiyanto, Sri
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 1, April 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Xanthomonas oryzae is phytopathogen causing bacterial leaf blight which decreases in agricultural product reaching 20-70 % in Asia. Bacterial leaf blight symptoms is characterized by the formation of lines in the leaf blade turnings yellow, then white, causing the plant to wither and die. Endospore-forming rhizobacteria are soil microbes potential as biocontrol to inhibit phytopathogen growth. The aims of this study were to isolate endospore-forming rhizobacteria from rice plant and determine its ability as biocontrol against X. oryzae. The methods used consisted of isolation, antibacterial activity test, molecular identification, and biochemical characterization. Twenty isolates of endospore-forming rhizobacteria were obtained from the isolation of the rice crop. Isolate P-10 had the greatest ability against X. oryzae with inhibition zone of 18.89 mm. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene showed that isolates P-10 had 98 % homology with Bacillus pumilus. Biochemical characterization showed the isolate P-10 had a rod- shaped with center of endospores, gram-positive, catalase positive, are motile, negative in starch hydrolyze, not forming gas on glucose, these characteristics fitted with B. pumilus character.

Cloning of A Gene Encoding Protease from Bacillus halodurans CM1 into Escherichia coli DH5α Furgeva, Natasha; Helianti, Is; Ferniah, Rejeki Siti; K, Hermin Pancasakti
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 4, No. 2, November 2021
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Bacillus halodurans strain CM1 was an Indonesia alkalothermophilic bacteria isolated from Cimanggu Hot Spring, Bandung, West Java. The activity of alkalo thermophilic protease enzyme from B. halodurans CM1 was detected. Nowadays, alkalothermophilic protease enzyme was applied for the eco-friendly industrial purpose, for example, as additive substance in detergent product. For the production and application of protease in the future, the cloning of protease gene from B. halodurans CM1 into E. coli was conducted. The protease gene was isolated from B. halodurans by PCR approach using primers designed based on the GenBank database. The PCR product then ligated into pGEM-T Easy vector, transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α, verified, and analyzed using DNA sequencing and bioinformatic tools BLAST. The results showed that 1086 bp protease gene was obtained and had 99% similarity with that of alkalostable protease from B. halodurans C-125. When the culture of this positive recombinant E. coli DH5α containing the protease gene spotted onto calcium caseinate agar, the clear zone appeared after incubation at 50 °C. It showed that the protease gene was expressed in this recombinant E.coli DH5α.

Ekstraksi Dan Uji Stabilitas Zat Warna Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) Pardede, Lasria; Kusdiyantini, Endang; Budiharjo, Anto
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 1, April 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Guava leaves is known as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases, such as diarrhea, dengue fever, etc. Along with the development of technology, guava leafs is now used as a color contributor on textiles. This study aims to extract on the solvent distilled water and ethanol and to test the stability of guava leaf color pigment against the influence of storage temperature, time span of the addition of an oxidant and pH. Leaves extracted by soaked for 24 hours in distilled water solvent that has been preheated to 30°C, 50ºC, 70º C and 90ºC and ethanol with a concentration of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 96%. Absorbance measurements of guava leaf extract is using spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 525 nm. The results showed that guava leaf extract has the optimum absorbance value on distilled water solvent at 90ºC and 20%ethanol. Stability test is done by storage temperature effect, oxidizing agents adding, and pH treatment. Stability test of guava leaf extract showed that extracted guava leaf color pigment is stable on 9°C storage temperature

Eksplorasi Rhizobakteri Indigenous Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frustescens Linn.) dari Pertanian Semi Organik Desa Batur Kabupaten Semarang Sebagai Agen Hayati Pengendali Pertumbuhan Jamur Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici Eka, Prastya Muhammad; Suprihadi, Agung; Kusdiyantini, Endang
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 4, No. 2, November 2021
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Rhizobakteri merupakan kelompok bakteri yang hidup di sekitar daerah perakaran tanaman. Jenis bakteri ini diketahui memiliki kemampuan untuk memacu pertumbuhan tanaman dengan memproduksi hormon pemacu tumbuh, serta mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen tanaman dengan mensintesis senyawa antibiotik atau enzim ekstraseluler. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh dan mendeskripsikan secara morfologi, biokimia dan genetik isolat rhizobakteri dari lahan pertanian semi organik Desa Batur Kabupaten Semarang yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai agen hayati pengendali pertumbuhan patogen jamur Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici. Hasil isolasi diperoleh lima belas isolat rhizobakteri yang mayoritas berbentuk bacilus dan tergolong gram positif. Kemampuan uji penghambatan rhizobakteri terhadap jamur patogen dilakukan menggunakan uji kultur ganda dan uji biomassa. Hasil uji kultur ganda menunjukkan bahwa isolat E1 memiliki daya hambat 3,77%, isolat E3 1,88% dan isolat E15 22%. Uji biomassa menunjukkan isolat E15 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen terbaik dengan berat biomassa jamur terkecil yakni 0,0386 gram. Hasil karakterisasi molekuler berdasarkan sekuen gen 16S rRNA diketahui isolat E15 identik dengan spesies Bacillus cereus strain ATCC 14579 dengan kemiripan sebesar 97%. Hasil karakterisasi biokimia isolat E15 memiliki kemiripan dengan spesies B. cereus yakni katalase positif, motil, memiliki endospora, mampu menghidrolisis pati dan memfermentasikan glukosa.

Identifikasi Chaetoceros sp. Secara Molekular dan Uji Antioksidan Karotenoid Susetyo, M A; Kusumaningrum, H P; Jannah, S N
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 2, November 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Chaetoceros is one of the largest genus of microalgae that have more than 400 species and it is the primary producers in the marine ecosystem. Chaetoceros sp. have some of the pigment which are very important for their survival include chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. The purposes of this study are to know the results of Chaetoceros sp. molecular identification using ITS fragments, to know its kinship and to test the ability of the antioxidant activity of pigments carotenoids. The results of ITS fragments identification of Chaetoceros sp. are used to develop the further research, namely to complete morphological information with molecular information intended in the kinship of Chaetoceros sp. Antioxidant test results are used to determine antioxidant activity in Chaetoceros sp. The methods in this research was microalgae isolation of Chaetoceros sp. that used the Doyle method and Doyle, amplification of ITS4 and ITS5 fragments, sequencing analysis and antioxidant activity test. The results of DNA isolation showed a concentration of 2842.1 ng / µl and purity of 1.97. PCR products from amplification of the ITS fragment produced 882 bp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Chaetoceros sp. has a kinship close to C. muelleri KF 998567.1 and antioxidant activity test showed IC50 values of 72,386 ppm.

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Molekuler Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dari Gua Gamelan di Kawasan karst Kiskendo Kendal, Jawa Tengah Mahmudah, Hawari Rosdiana; Suprihadi, Agung; Budiharjo, Anto
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 1, April 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Phosphate solubilizing bacteria is a group of bacteria that dissolves unavailable phosphate into the form that can be absorbed by plants. This research aimed at isolation and moleculer identification of phosphate solubilizing bacteria based on 16s rRNA from bat cave guano and potential microorganisms which were able to dissolved phosphate. Several stages of this research are, isolation PSB in Pikovskayaand NBRIP agar, Gram staining, and molecularidentification. The isolation result obtained two isolates phosphate solubilizing bacteria, which are G4-1 and G5. Isolate G5 is the highest on solubilizing phosphate with a diameter of clear zone 22.01 mm, and Isolate G4-1 exhibited diameter of clear zone 19.8 mm. Isolates G4-1 and G5 are the gram-negative bacteria. DNA amplification of these bacteria employing universal primers 27 F (5’-AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3’) dan Primer 1492 R (5’-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3’) generated the 1520 bp and 1235 bp PCR product. The result of the analysis of 16s rRNA gene sequence showed that isolate G4-1 has 80% similarity with Acinetobacteriwofii strain-JCM partial sequence, and isolate G5 has 92% similarity with Serratia marcesens strain-NBRC.

Analisis SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) Promotor GEN IL-10 pada Penderita Filariasis Maria, Atina; Budiharjo, Anto; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 4, No. 2, November 2021
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Filariasis limfatik merupakan suatu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh nematoda dari jenis Wuchereria bancrofti dan Brugia malayi dewasa yang menghuni jaringan limfatik. Filariasis limfatik ini disebarkan oleh empat genus nyamuk, yaitu, Anopheles, Culex, Aedes dan Mansonia. Respon imun terhadap parasit filaria terdiri dari Thelper2 (Th2) dan melibatkan produksi cytokin –IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, dan IL-13, isotype antibody—IgG1, IgG4 and IgE, dan meningkatnya populasi eosinophils dan makrofag yang aktif. Polimorfisme pada daerah promotor gen IL-10 diidentifikasi berhubungan dengan tinggi rendahnya produksi IL-10 pada sel darah perifer pada stimulasi in vitro dengan lipopolysacharide (LPS). Sampel diambil dari penderita filariasis, kemudian diekstraksi dan diamplifikasi pada posisi -1082, -819, -592. Hasil amplifikasi kemudian di restriksi dan di sekuensing. Hasil penelitian dari sampel penderita filariasis yang diteliti menunjukan memiliki haplotip ACA pada analisis RFLP. Analisis hasil sekuensing menggunakan dua aplikasi, yaitu DNA baser dan Bioedit. Analisis menggunakan DNA baser dan Bioedit serta dibandingkan dengan tag SNP didapatkan satu SNP. Perbandingan antara sekuens DNA yang didapatkan dengan tag SNP mandapatkan haplotip CC.

Screening and Characterization of L-Asparaginase Free L-Glutamianse Produced by Marine Bacterial Isolates Larasati, Dinar Rahmi; Setiawan, Ruby; Wijarnaka, Wijarnaka; Pujiyanto, Sri
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 6, No. 2, November 2023
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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L-asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) is a potential pharmaceutical enzyme for ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia) treatment. However, it can cause side effects due to the activity of enzyme L-glutaminase. Halophilic microorganisms might be potential source of the enzyme L- asparaginase free of L-glutaminase because of these microorganism are adapted to extreme environments which producing biocatalysts with different structures. The enzyme was screened from marine bacterial isolated from surface sea water and marine sediment. The enzyme was produced and characterized for optimum temperature, pH, and the effect of metal ions. The results showed that a total of 96 marine bacterial isolates, three isolates namely Pseudomonas stutzeri, Marinobacter nitratireducens, Vibrio neocaledonicus were detected by producing L asparaginase free L-glutaminase. The highest activity was produced by Marinobacter nitratireducens, 0.887 U/ml. Enzyme production at the 60 hours showed the highest enzyme activity 1,625 U/ml and specific activity 1,700 U/mg. The maximum L-asparaginase activity occurs at temperature 40 °C and pH 8 of Tris HCl buffer. The relative activity of enzymes decreases due to the presence of metal ion K+ 5 mM, and Mg2 +, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ 1 mM and 5 mM.

Produksi Enzim Protease Alkalis Termostabil Aspergillus flavus DUCC-K225 Pada Media Limbah Cair Tahu dan Uji Keseuaiannya Terhadap Deterjen Utami, Linda Ayu; Rukmi, Isworo; Pujiyanto, Sri
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 6, No. 1, April 2023
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Protease merupakan sekelompok besar enzim yang mampu menghidrolisis protein menjadi asam amino. Enzim ini mampu menyumbang 60% dari total penjualan enzim diseluruh dunia pada berbagai industri seperti industri deterjen. Protease yang digunakan dalam industri deterjen harus stabil pada suhu dan pH basa yang tinggi, atau disebut protease alkalis termostabil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu, mengetahui pengaruh suhu terhadap aktivitas dan stabilitas enzim protease alkalis Aspergillus flavus DUCC-K225, serta uji kesesuaiannya terhadap deterjen komersial. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal suhu inkubasi aktivitas enzim yaitu, 29oC, 40oC, 45oC, 50oC, 55oC, dan 60oC dengan ulangan 3 kali. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan Analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Duncan pada taraf uji 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, aktivitas protease tertinggi A. flavus DUCC-K225 diperoleh pada suhu 60˚C dengan nilai sebesar 215.03 U/mL, enzim protease dari Aspergillus flavus DUCC-K225 stabil pada suhu 60°C setelah inkubasi satu jam dengan mempertahankan aktivitas residu sebesar 85.8%. Uji Kesesuaian enzim protease A. flavus DUCC-K225 terhadap 5 deterjen komersial yang diujikan, mampu meningkatkan daya pembersihan noda darah pada kain, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai aditif dalam deterjen.

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Contact Name
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Journal Mail Official
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Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA