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Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 320 Documents
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Determination of the Optimum Rate of N Fertilizers with Addition of Goat Manure for Production of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) Liana, Devi; Purnamawati, Heni; Melati, Maya; Wahyu, Yudiwanti
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 02 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (806.186 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.02.121-128

Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is one of the potential substitutes of soybean due to its similar nutritional content. This study aims to determine the optimum rate of N fertilizer for the production of cowpea, and to determine the effects of the interaction between N fertilizer rates and goat manure application on cowpea production. The experiment was organized in a split-plot with a complete randomized block design with three replications. The main plot was goat manure, i.e. 0 and 5 tons.ha-1; the sub-plot was nitrogen fertilizer with five rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% of the recommended rate), i.e. 0, 22.5, 45, 67.5, and 90 kg N.ha-1. Application of N fertilizer reduced the 100-seed weight and slightly reduced cowpea yield and yield components. Application of goat manure increased seed dry weight per plant, number of pods per plant, dry pod weight per plant, seed dry weight per m2, productivity, 100-seed weight, and the harvest index. There was no significant interaction between goat manure and different rates of nitrogen in affecting cowpea growth.
Growth and Yield of Kalimantan Landrace Rice and “IPB 8G” as Affected by Dose and Time of Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer Faisal, Faisal; Lubis, Iskandar; Junaedi, Ahmad; Sugiyanta, Sugiyanta
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 02 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (517.501 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.02.129-137

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer dose and the frequency of application on the growth and production of landrace rice Kalimantan and a new rice cultivar "IPB 8G". The study was conducted in December 2017 until June 2018 at the Sawah Baru Experimental Field, Bogor Agricultural University, West Java, Indonesia. The experimental design was a split-split plot consisting of three treatment factors, i.e. rice cultivars (main plots), fertilization time (sub-plots) and fertilizing doses (sub-plots). The three rice cultivars used in this trial were local cultivars "Mayas" and "Samarinda", and a newly developed rice cultivar "IPB 8G". The application rates of Nitrogen were 0, 75, and 150 kg N.ha-1 applied at different phases of rice growth: 50% N dose was applied at planting, 25% N dose at the vegetative phase, and 25% at the primordial phase. The different rates of N fertilizer were applied four times, 40% at planting, 20% during the vegetative phase, 20% at the primordial phase, and 20% at heading. Each treatment consisted of three replications totalling 54 experimental units. The N fertilizer application gave a significant effect on all growth parameters except for the harvest index. Time of fertilization significantly affected rice panicle number per hill and harvest index. There were significant differences in the growth of the three rice cultivars, except for the number of tillers. Rice crops fertilized three times with a dose of 75 kg N.ha-1 had the highest number of tillers at 5 week after planting, but it was not significantly different from N at 150 kg.ha-1. The highest grain yield of 2.9 t.ha-1 was obtained from "IPB 8G" cultivar fertilized with 75 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen.
Production, Post-Harvest and Marketing of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC) In Tulungagung, Indonesia Budiarto, Rahmat; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Santosa, Edi; Efendi, Darda; Agusta, Andria
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 02 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (719.259 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.02.138-143

Abstract

Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC) is one of the Citrus species that is popular as food spices in Indonesia. This study was aimed at describing the production system, post-harvest handling, marketing and evaluating the product variation of kaffir lime cultivated in the Tulungagung district, East Java Province, Indonesia. Data was collected through a survey by interviewing kaffir lime farmers, distributors and customers in June 2018. Kaffir lime is cultivated by local farmers using traditional and conventional agriculture practices. The farmer used good quality seedlings as planting materials and applies animal manure or compost to the trees. Kaffir lime is grown on rain-fed land; fertilizers and pesticides are applied sparingly. The kaffir lime leaves could be harvested twice a year in different seasons. Better leaf quality can be obtained during the rainy seasons. The leaf production per tree is estimated at about 100 gram per plant per season. Post-harvest handling involved sorting, packing and marketing without any cooling treatment. The standard gate price of kaffir lime leaf in June 2019 was IDR 6,000-7,000, IDR 9,000-10,000 at the collector level, IDR 11,000-12,000 at wholesaler, and IDR 14,000-16,000 at small retailers. Leaves were distributed to traditional market in Tulungagung, neighbouring districts such as Kediri, Trenggalek and Blitar, and also to capital cities such Jakarta. The main product of kaffir lime is the fresh leaf for food seasoning and as a raw material to produce essential oil and dry leaf powder. The stems have been used for fuel in home industries. The fruits of kaffir lime are rarely found in the market and have great potentials for essential oil production and recently, a promising commodity for export.
Evaluation of Progress Selection of F2 - F6 Population, A Cross between Two Lowland Tomato Genotypes Sautomo, Mohammad Wahyu; Syukur, Muhamad
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 4 No 1 (2017): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (249.836 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.4.1.32-40

Abstract

One of the parameters that can be measured from the activities of selection is progress selection. The population of a plant which has been selected is expected to be good against a derivative of a crop which was selected. The aim of this research is to study the results of progress selection varieties superior of tomato plants down the generations in the population F2 005001 until F6 005001-4-1-12-3 with a standard tomato cultivar, “Ratna”. The result showed that the selected genotypes have shown improvements over the standard cutivar in terms of weight per fruit, fruit weight per plant, the number of fruits per plant, fruit thickness and the age of harvested plants in the population F2-005001 until F6 005001-4-1-12-3. The mean against the character being observed in the population F2 005001 until F6 005001-4-1-12-3 indicated that the result is better if compared with both parents, P1 (SSH-5 ) and P2 (Intan) and the standard cultivar “Ratna”. The value of heritability a wider sense indicate its value being on each character of being selected, while the value of heritability in a more narrow sense showed a low value on every character. The value of progress against character selection of weights per fruit, the weight of the fruit per plant, the number of fruit per plant, thick flesh fruit and the age of harvest showed increased slow progress in a genotype F2 005001 followed by a period of rapid progress in a genotype F4 005001-4-1 and very slow in a genotype F6 005001-4-1-12-3.
Seed Health, Quality Test, and Control of Seed-borne Fungi of Some Improved and Local Cultivars of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria Edun, Bolanle Tolani; Lurwanu, Yahuza; Sunusi, Mustapha; Sulaiman, Ali A
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 03 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (293.036 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.03.145-152

Abstract

This research was carried out to evaluate the health and quality of rice seed. The germination of seed and presence of rice seed related fungi were recorded and used to evaluate the effect of seed dressing chemicals on germination and vigor index over untreated rice seeds. Seven cultivars commonly grown in Kano, Kano State, Northwestern Nigera “FARO 52” (WITA), “FARO 44” (SIPI), “FARO 60” , (improved varieties), “Kwandala” , “Jamila” , Ex-china, and “JIF” (local varieties) were used in this study. The seed dressing chemicals used were Apron Star 42 WS, Dress Force 42WS and ZEB-Care 80%WP. This study was performed under three main tests, i.e dry inspection, blotter tests, agar plate and microscopic examination. The highest number of healthy seeds (94.16%) was recorded from “JIF” variety and lowest (64.77%) from “Jamila” . The highest number of deformed seeds was observed from variety “FARO 44” whereas the lowest noted on “JIF” . The identified fungi were Fusarium spp., Bipolaris oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus niger, and Nigrospora oryzae., Rhizoctonia spp. and Rhizopus spp. Highest seed infection was recorded for A. flavus, A. niger, and Fusarium spp., and the least with C. lunata and N. oryzae. Treated seeds with Zeb-care (Mancozeb 80% WP), increased their vigor index over untreated by 62.78% and can be recommended as seed dressing chemical for optimun control of rice seed- borne pathogens.
Humic Acid and Biofertilizer Applications Enhanced Pod and Cocoa Bean Production during the Dry Season at Kaliwining Plantation, Jember, East Java, Indonesia Rohman, Fadil; Wachjar, Ade; Santosa, Edi; Abdoellah, Soetanto
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 03 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2172.165 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.03.153-163

Abstract

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important crop in Indonesia, but many farmers still face problem in improving bean production. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of humic acid and biofertilizer applications on pod growth and yield of cocoa. The research was conducted at Kaliwining Plantation managed by Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute at Jember District, East Java, Indonesia from June 2017 to February 2018. The experiment used mature tree of Sulawesi from one clone. Treatment used were humic acid at level of 0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm in combination with biofertilizer at level of 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm that were applied through soil and foliar respectively. Results of this experiment showed that there was an interaction between humic acid and biofertilizer on beans number per plant and photosynthesis rate. Plants treated with 1000 ppm humic acid produced the highest number of small cherelle. Biofertilizer applied at 1500 ppm increased cherelle number, healthy cherelle, number of young pods, number of harvested pods, bean weight per plant and bean yield. The combination of 1000 ppm humic acid and 1500 ppm biofertilizer increased bean production by 39.7%. The high bean production was in line with the high photosynthetic rate. Thus, humic acid and biofertilizer applications could be a way to increase cocoa bean production in this area.
Determination of the Optimum Rates for N, P, and K Fertilizer for Upland Rice Variety “IPB 9G” Adi, Defiyanto Djami; Lubis, Iskandar; Suwarto, Suwarto; Sugiyanta, Sugiyanta
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 03 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (447.326 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.03.164-173

Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the optimum rates of N, P, K fertilizers on “IPB 9G” upland rice variety from March to July 2018 at the Sawah Baru Experimental Field of IPB University, West Java, Indonesia. Three paralel experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design to test five fertilizing levels, i.e. 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200% of the reference rate. The reference rates of fertilizer application are 100% N = 200 kg Urea ha-1, 100% P = 100 kg SP36 ha-1, and 100% K = 100 kg KCl ha-1. The applied fertilizers were Urea (46% N), SP36 (36% P2O5) and KCl (60% K2O). Fertilizers were applied three times, 40% at planting, 30% at 4 WAP and the rest 30% at 8 WAP; 100% P and 100% K were applied at planting. Increasing N fertilizer from 0 to 200% of the reference rate increased plant height, dry weight biomass at heading and at harvest, number of productive tillers, harvest index, and grain weight per clump. P increased dry weight of the above ground biomass, whereas K fertilizer increased the leaf area, canopy dry weight, number of grain per panicle, panicle length, harvest index and grain weight per clump. The optimum rate of N and P were 107.09 kg Urea ha-1 and 63.3 kg P2O5 kg.ha-1, respectively, whereas the optimal rate for K fertilizer for “IPB 9G” could not be determined with this study.
Sources and Rates of Potassium for Drip Irrigation of Polyethylene-mulched Bean Production Hulu, Versi Putra Jaya; Purnamawati, Heni; Susila, Anas Dinurrohman; Susanto, Slamet
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 03 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (259.94 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.03.182-192

Abstract

Common bean is a type of vegetable that can be consumed in the form of young pods. Potassium is one of the macronutrients needed to achieve maximum yield in common bean. Therefore this research is aimed at determining a suitable potassium source as well as an appropriate rate for drip irrigation in common bean using polyethylene mulch. The study was conducted from January to May 2018 at University Farm, IPB University. This experiment was set up as a nested randomized block design with two factors i.e. potassium sources as the main factor ( KCl, ZK, and NPK), and potassium rates (0, 37.5, 75, 112.5, 150 kg of K2O per ha). Fertilizer rates were nested in the main factor and fertilizers were applied Fertilization through a drip irrigation fertigation system with emitters placed close to the roots of plants. Fertilizer sources had significant effects on the variables of growth and bean yields. NPK resulted in a better growth and yield compared with KCl and ZK. Fertilizer sources that have very significant effect were likely related to the shape and solubility of the fertilizers, the ease of application, and also completeness of nutrient content in fertilizer. Based on the pod weight per plot, the productivity per hectare of bean pods produced in this study reached 7.52 ton.ha-1. Potassium (K2O) rate did not have significant effects on the variables of growth and yields of the bean.
Study of Incubation Duration After Degreening and Storage Methods on the Quality of Tangerine "Garut" (Citrus reticulata B.) Tiara, Dede; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Efendi, Darda
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 03 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (358.35 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.03.193-200

Abstract

Ripened citrus fruits with an orange rind have a higher market demand relative to unripen citrus with a green rind. This research was aimed to evaluate the combination of post-degreening incubation duration before storage with the type of storage to increase orange rind color and storage life of citrus fruit. A randomized block design with two factors was used; the first factor was post-degreening incubation duration before storage that comprised of without incubation, incubation for two and four days. The second factor was storage method that comprised of storage at room temperature (29 ± 1oC), at 18 ± 1oC, waxing and storage at room temperature, waxing and storage at 18 ± 1oC. The result shows that post-degreening incubation duration that increased orange color of citrus rind was four days. The citrus which was stored at 18 ± 1oC had the smallest fruit weight loss. The best treatment combination which increased orange color formation and had lower percentage of fruit weight loss was a combination of 4 days incubation after degreening and storage at 18± 1oC.
Correlation of Leaf NPK and Leaf Pigments of Coleus atropurpureus L. Benth during Vegetative and Generative Phases Respita, Intan Annisa; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 03 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (344.003 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.03.174-181

Abstract

Coleus atropurpureus L. Benth is a annual plant that has a distinctive leaf aroma and bitter taste. C. atropurpureus leaves contain phenolic compounds and antioxidants that can capture free radicals; free radicals play an important role in preventing various human diseases. A study was conducted to determine the correlation between leaf position (1st to 4th) at the vegetative and generative phases with leaf pigments, N, P, K, and total flavonoid concentrations. The results showed that leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, nitrogen, and total flavonoids were higher in the vegetative phase. Therefore, C. atropurpureus is better harvested in the vegetative phase, and the 2nd leaf position can be used as indicator for N, K, pigments and total flavonoid content.

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