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Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan indonesia
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14124939     EISSN : 25027085     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia (JKLI, p-ISSN: 1412-4939, e-ISSN:2502-7085, http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkli) provides a forum for publishing the original research articles related to: Environmental Health Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Health Risk Assessment Environmental Health Technology Environmental-Based Diseases Environmental Toxicology Water and Sanitation Waste Management Pesticides Exposure Vector Control Food Safety
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 478 Documents
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Faktor Lingkungan sebagai Penyebab Kasus Pneumonia di Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah Yuni Wijayanti; Fifti Istiklaili; Lutfi Muzaqi; Arum Siwiendrayanti; Mustofa Daru Affandi; Anita Luvitasari; Adinda Mayhana Pramesti; Diyan Argani Kusumaningtyas; Tri Prapto Kurniawan; Fery Nurhandoko
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.81708

Abstract

Latar belakang: Pneumonia masih memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap kematian anak usia di bawah lima tahun. Di Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah, cakupan deteksi pneumonia pada 2024 baru mencapai 70,1%, sementara prevalensinya meningkat menjadi 3,28%. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai keterkaitan kondisi lingkungan rumah dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di wilayah tersebut.Metode: Penelitian case-control ini merekrut 68 balita melalui purposive sampling, masing-masing 34 subjek pada kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Kasus ditentukan berdasarkan diagnosis pneumonia selama 2024-2025. Kontrol merupakan balita seusia yang tinggal di sekitar rumah kasus dan tidak mempunyai riwayat pneumonia. Informasi diperoleh melalui observasi serta pengukuran langsung terhadap jumlah koloni fungi, suhu, intensitas pencahayaan, dan kelembapan lingkungan rumah.Hasil: Fungi yang teridentifikasi meliputi Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., dan Rhizopus sp., sedangkan mikroba yang ditemukan adalah Staphylococcus. Analisis bivariat memperlihatkan bahwa jumlah koloni fungi, suhu, pencahayaan, dan kelembapan masing-masing berkaitan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita (p<0,001; p=0,029; p=0,003; dan p=0,006).Simpulan: Kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kabupaten Banjarnegara berkaitan secara signifikan dengan kualitas lingkungan rumah. Oleh sebab itu, pengendalian faktor lingkungan hunian perlu menjadi bagian dari upaya pencegahan pneumonia pada balita. ABSTRACTTitle: Environmental Factors as the Cause of Pneumonia Cases in Banjarnegara, Central Java ProvinceBackground: Pneumonia continues to contribute substantially to mortality among children under five years of age. In Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, pneumonia detection coverage reached only 70.1% in 2024, while prevalence increased to 3.28%. This study assessed the association between household environmental conditions and pneumonia among young children in the regency.Method: This case-control study enrolled 68 children through purposive sampling, comprising 34 cases and 34 controls. Cases were identified from children diagnosed with pneumonia during 2024-2025. Controls were age-matched children living near the case households who had no previous history of pneumonia. Data were obtained through observation and direct measurement of fungal colony counts, temperature, indoor lighting, and humidity.Result: Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Rhizopus sp. were the fungal genera identified, while Staphylococcus was the detected bacterial genus. Bivariate analysis indicated significant associations of fungal colony count, temperature, lighting, and humidity with pneumonia in children under five (p<0.001, p=0.029, p=0.003, and p=0.006, respectively).Conclusion: Household environmental quality was significantly associated with pneumonia among children under five in Banjarnegara Regency. Measures to control residential environmental risks should therefore be incorporated into pneumonia-prevention programs for this age group. 
Inovasi Media Permainan Monotrash Latto-latto Terhadap Perilaku Pemilahan Sampah Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Abd Majid HR Lagu; Jean Fadillah Warahmah; Syahrul Basri; Nildawati Nildawati; Munawir Amansyah
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.80279

Abstract

Latar belakang: Permasalahan sampah menjadi tantangan ekologis global yang membutuhkan pengelolaan berkelanjutan. Salah satu pendekatan strategis dalam mengatasinya adalah menumbuhkan perilaku pemilahan sampah melalui peningkatan aspek pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan pada anak usia sekolah. Media pembelajaran berbasis permainan dipandang mampu memperkuat proses tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari perubahan perilaku memilah sampah siswa sekolah dasar melalui permainan tradisional monotrash latto-latto.Metode: Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan rancangan quasi experimental. Populasi adalah  siswa siswi Sekolah Dasar Monginsidi dan Sekolah Dasar Islam Al Izhar. Sebanyak 120 siswa ditetapkan sebagai sampel pada dua sekolah, masing-masing 30 siswa pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol pada kedua sekolah, variabel yang diukur perubahan perilaku pada domain pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil ukur pre dan post test menggunakan uji t berpasangan.Hasil: Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan tingkat pengetahuan pada kedua sekolah (p value < 0,001) serta peningkatan signifikan pada sikap siswa di kedua sekolah (p value = 0,013 dan p value < 0,001). Selain itu, terjadi perubahan yang bermakna pada aspek tindakan pemilahan sampah setelah penerapan intervensi baik pada sekolah Sekolah Dasar Islam Al Izhar (p value = 0,002) maupun Sekolah Dasar Monginsidi (p value = 0,037). Hasil tersebut menegaskan bahwa intervensi memberikan dampak yang nyata terhadap perilaku pemilahan sampah.Kesimpulan: Media pembelajaran berbasis permainan monotrash latto-latto terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan perilaku pemilahan sampah pada siswa sekolah dasar. Media ini direkomendasikan sebagai alternatif inovatif dalam proses edukasi lingkungan bagi siswa dalam pengelolaan sampah yang ramah lingkungan. ABSTRACT Title: Inovasi Media Permainan Monotrash Latto-latto Terhadap Perilaku Pemilahan Sampah Pada Siswa Sekolah DasarBackground: Waste management has become a global ecological challenge that requires sustainable solutions. One strategic approach to addressing this issue is fostering waste-sorting behavior by enhancing knowledge, attitudes, and practices among school-aged children. Game-based learning media are considered effective in strengthening this process. This study aims to examine changes in waste-sorting behavior among elementary school students through the use of a traditional educational game, Monotrash Latto-Latto.Methods: A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design was employed. The study population consisted of third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade students from Monginsidi Elementary School and Al Izhar Islamic Elementary School. A total of 120 students were selected as the sample from the two schools, with 30 students assigned to the experimental group and 30 to the control group in each school. Behavioral changes were measured across three domains: knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Data analysis was conducted by comparing pre-test and post-test scores using paired t-tests.Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant improvement in students’ knowledge levels in both schools (p < 0.001), as well as a significant increase in students’ attitudes toward waste sorting (p = 0.013 and p < 0.001). Furthermore, meaningful changes were observed in waste-sorting practices following the intervention, both at Al Izhar Islamic Elementary School (p = 0.002) and Monginsidi Elementary School (p = 0.037). These findings confirm that the intervention had a substantial impact on students’ waste-sorting behavior.Conclusion: The game-based learning medium Monotrash Latto-Latto has proven to be effective in improving waste-sorting behavior among elementary school students. This medium is therefore recommended as an innovative alternative for environmental education aimed at promoting environmentally friendly waste management practices in schools.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Induksi Bacillus cereus RTKS dan Pupuk Kompos dalam Fitoremediasi Cemaran Merkuri oleh Ageratum conyzoides L. Rahmanto Raharjo; Tien Aminatun; Suhartini Suhartini; Budiwati Budiwati
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.81048

Abstract

Latar belakang: Aktivitas penambangan emas rakyat di Desa Paningkaban, Kabupaten Banyumas, pada area prospektif ±16.000 ha dengan sedikitnya 94 lubang tambang dan >1.500 penambang masih menggunakan metode amalgamasi yang menghasilkan tailing mengandung merkuri (Hg) dan berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Fitoremediasi menggunakan tanaman bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) yang toleran terhadap Hg berpeluang menjadi solusi ramah lingkungan, namun efektivitasnya perlu ditingkatkan melalui penambahan pupuk kompos dan bakteri toleran logam Bacillus cereus RTKS. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan Ageratum conyzoides L. dalam meremediasi Hg pada tanah tailing pertambangan emas Desa Paningkaban dengan kombinasi pupuk kompos dan induksi Bacillus cereus RTKS.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang dilakukan pada Mei–Agustus 2025. Perlakuan berupa media tanah tailing tanpa dan dengan penambahan kompos (1:1) disertai induksi bakteri, dengan pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman selama 9 minggu. Data konsentrasi merkuri (Hg) pada media tanam dan jaringan tanaman dianalisis deskriptif dengan TF dan BCF serta pertumbuhan tanaman dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA).Hasil: Nilai BCF berkisar 0,01–0,2 dan TF <1, yang mengindikasikan bahwa Ageratum conyzoides L. berperan sebagai tanaman akumulator rendah dengan mekanisme fitostabilisasi. Analisis ANOVA (α = 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun (p>0,05), namun berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah bunga (p<0,05), yang mengindikasikan bahwa merkuri lebih memengaruhi fase generatif dibandingkan vegetatif tanaman.Simpulan: Tanaman bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) mampu meremediasi merkuri pada tanah tailing emas melalui mekanisme fitostabilisasi sebagai tanaman akumulator rendah, ditunjukkan oleh penurunan Hg tanah, akumulasi pada akar, nilai BCF 0,01–0,1, dan TF <1. Penambahan kompos dan induksi Bacillus cereus RTKS tidak meningkatkan efektivitas secara signifikan. ABSTRACT Title: Effect of Bacillus cereus RTKS Induction and Compost Fertilizer Combination in Phytoremediation of Mercury Contamination with Ageratum conyzoides L.Background: Artisanal gold mining in Paningkaban Village, Banyumas Regency, covers a prospective area of approximately 16,000 ha with at least 94 mining pits and more than 1,500 miners, and still relies on amalgamation methods that generate mercury-containing tailings and pose serious environmental risks. Phytoremediation using bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.), a plant tolerant to mercury, offers an environmentally friendly approach, although its effectiveness may be enhanced through the addition of compost and the induction of the metal-tolerant bacterium Bacillus cereus RTKS. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of Ageratum conyzoides L. to remediate mercury (Hg) in gold-mining tailings from Paningkaban using compost amendment and Bacillus cereus RTKS induction.Method: This experimental study employed a Completely Randomized Design and was conducted from May to August 2025. Treatments consisted of tailings soil with and without compost addition (1:1) combined with bacterial induction, and plant growth was observed for nine weeks. Mercury concentrations in the growth media and plant tissues were analyzed descriptively using bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF), while plant growth parameters were analyzed statistically using ANOVA.Result: BCF values ranged from 0.01 to 0.2 and TF values were <1, indicating that A. conyzoides L. functions as a low accumulator through a phytostabilization mechanism. ANOVA (α = 0.05) showed no significant effects of treatments on plant height and leaf number (p > 0.05), but a significant effect on flower number (p < 0.05), suggesting that mercury more strongly affects the generative phase than the vegetative phase.Conclusion: Ageratum conyzoides L. is capable of remediating mercury in gold-mining tailings through phytostabilization as a low-accumulator plant, as indicated by reduced soil Hg, root accumulation, BCF values of 0.01–0.1, and TF <1. Compost addition and B. cereus RTKS induction did not significantly enhance remediation effectiveness.
Hubungan Kondisi Fisik Rumah dengan Keberadaan Jentik Nyamuk Aedes spp. pada Rumah Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kelurahan Pinang Kencana Kota Tanjungpinang indra martias; Kholilah Samosir; Novita Wulandari
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.79564

Abstract

Latar belakang: Sampai saat ini, Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor lingkungan, khususnya kualitas sanitasi rumah. Angka kejadian DBD di Kota Tanjungpinang menunjukkan tren peningkatan, dengan Kelurahan Pinang Kencana menjadi wilayah dengan kasus tertinggi. Lingkungan permukiman yang tidak memenuhi standar kesehatan berpotensi meningkatkan tempat perindukan Aedes aegypti.Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan di rumah-rumah penderita demam berdarah dengue (DBD) yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Pinang Kencana pada periode Juni 2025. Sebanyak 43 rumah yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi untuk sampel penelitian adalah rumah penderita DBD. Metode pengambilan sampel berulang dilakukan (consecutive sampling) pada setiap rumah yang memenuhi persyaratan selama periode penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung menggunakan instrumen thermometer, hygrometer, lux meter, dan lembar observasi kualitas air. Analisis hubungan antara variabel bebas (suhu, kelembaban, pencahayaan, ventilasi, dan kualitas air) dengan keberadaan jentik dianalisis melalui uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Hasil studi memaparkan bahwa 53,48% rumah positif terdapat jentik, dengan Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) hanya 46,51%, jauh di bawah standar 95%, menandakan risiko tinggi penularan DBD. Tidak ada korelasi signifikan antara keberadaan jentik dengan suhu (p 0,451), kelembaban (p 0,954), pencahayaan (p 0,526), dan ventilasi (p 0,692). Sebaliknya, kualitas air memiliki hubungan sangat signifikan dengan keberadaan jentik (p = 0,002), di mana seluruh jentik ditemukan pada wadah air yang memenuhi kriteria ideal bagi perkembangan Aedes aegypti (jernih, tidak mengalir, tidak tertutup).Simpulan: Kualitas air merupakan determinan utama keberadaan jentik dan faktor paling berpengaruh dalam risiko penularan DBD di wilayah penelitian. Faktor fisik rumah lainnya—suhu, kelembaban, pencahayaan, dan ventilasi—tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan, meskipun tetap berperan dalam menciptakan lingkungan hunian sehat. ABSTRACTTitle: Association Between Residential Physical Conditions and the Presence of Aedes spp. Larvae in the Homes of Dengue Fever Patients in Pinang Kencana Subdistrict, Tanjungpinang CityBackground: Dengue fever (DF) remains a significant public health concern influenced by various environmental factors, particularly the quality of household sanitation. The incidence of dengue fever in Tanjungpinang City has shown an increasing trend, with Pinang Kencana Subdistrict reporting the highest number of cases. Residential environments that fail to meet established public health standards may provide favorable breeding habitats for Aedes aegypti, thereby increasing the risk of dengue transmission.Method: This study employed an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach and was conducted in the homes of dengue fever patients in Pinang Kencana Subdistrict during June 2025. The study sample consisted of 43 households of dengue fever patients that met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. A consecutive sampling technique was applied to recruit all eligible households throughout the study period. Data were collected through direct field observations using a thermometer, hygrometer, lux meter, and a standardized water quality observation checklist. The associations between the independent variables (temperature, relative humidity, lighting intensity, ventilation area, and water quality) and the presence of Aedes spp. larvae were analyzed using the Chi-square test.Result: The results revealed that 53.48% of the surveyed households were positive for Aedes spp. larvae, while the Larvae-Free Index (LFI) was only 46.51%, substantially below the recommended threshold of 95%, indicating a high risk of dengue transmission. No statistically significant associations were observed between temperature (p = 0.451), relative humidity (p = 0.954), lighting intensity (p = 0.526), or ventilation area (p = 0.692) and the presence of Aedes spp. larvae. In contrast, water quality was significantly associated with larval presence (p = 0.002). All larvae were detected in water-holding containers that exhibited environmental conditions favorable for Aedes aegypti breeding, namely clear, stagnant, and uncovered water.Conclusion: The findings indicated that water quality constituted the primary determinant of Aedes spp. larval occurrence and represented the most influential factor contributing to dengue transmission risk within the study area.. In contrast, other residential physical characteristics—including temperature, relative humidity, lighting intensity, and ventilation area—were not significantly associated with larval presence, although they remain important components of a healthy residential environment. 
An Analysis of Students’ Perceptions of Environmental Sanitation Quality at An Najah Islamic Boarding School, Purwokerto Khaidar Ali; Saudin Yuniarno; Azizah Elvasari; Arih Puspirta Murti; M. Nur Khamid
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.80407

Abstract

Latar belakang: Sanitasi lingkungan di pondok pesantren memainkan peran penting dalam menjaga kesehatan santri, dimana lingkungan dengan kepadatan tinggi memiliki prevalensi penyakit menular tinggi khususnya diare. Namun, fasilitas sanitasi yang tidak memadai dapat menyebabkan risiko kesehatan dan penurunan kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi santri terhadap kualitas sanitasi lingkungan di Pondok Pesantren An Najah Purwokerto.Metode: Studi cross-sectional ini dilakukan pada 127 siswa dengan menggunakan pendekatan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur yang mencakup lima aspek sanitasi lingkungan: ketersediaan air bersih, fasilitas toilet, pembuangan limbah cair, pengelolaan limbah padat, dan kepadatan penghuni. Statistik deskriptif, meliputi distribusi frekuensi dan persentase, digunakan untuk menganalisis karakteristik responden dan hasil persepsi.Hasil: Mayoritas responden adalah perempuan (88,2%), berusia ≤19 tahun (48,0%), dan lama mondok 1-3 tahun (48,8%). Secara keseluruhan, persepsi santri memiliki nilai rerata baik pada pengelolaan limbah cair (90,1%), ketersediaan air bersih (82,1%), pengelolaan limbah padat (80,9%), dan toilet (80,3). Sedangkan, persepsi kepadatan hunian rendah memiliki nilai cukup besar dengan 40,2%.Simpulan: Persepsi santri terhadap kualitas lingkungan di pondok pesantren baik, khususnya pada pengelolaan limbah cair, ketersediaan air bersih, pengelolaan limbah padat, dan toilet. Meskipun persepsi terhadap kepadatan hunian rendah sehingga perlu adanya peningkatan fasilitas asrama untuk santri untuk mengurangi kepadatan hunian. ABSTRACTTitle: An Analysis of Students’ Perceptions of Environmental Sanitation Quality at An Najah Islamic Boarding School, PurwokertoBackground: Environmental sanitation in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) plays a crucial role in safeguarding student health, particularly in high-density settings that the incident of communicable disease is prevalent. However, inadequate sanitation facilities may lead to health risks and reduced quality of life. This study was aimed to analyze students’ perceptions of environmental sanitation quality at Pondok Pesantren An Najah, PurwokertoMethod: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 127 students using a total sampling approach. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering five aspects of environmental sanitation, namely availability of clean water, toilet facilities, liquid waste disposal, solid waste management, and population density. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were used to analyze respondent characteristics and perception results.Result: The majority of respondents were female (88.2%), aged ≤19 years (48.0%), and had been at the boarding school for 1-3 year (48.8%). Overall, students’ perceptions had good average scores for liquid waste management (90.1%), clean water availability (82.1%), solid waste management (80.9%), and toilets (80.3). Meanwhile, perceptions regarding low housing density had a relatively high score of 40.2%.Conclusion: Boarding school students’ perceptions of environmental quality at the boarding school are positive, particularly regarding wastewater management, clean water availability, solid waste management, and toilets. However, perceptions of housing density are low, indicating a need to improve dormitory facilities for students to reduce housing density.
Model Bisnis Biogas Sirkular sebagai Solusi Pengelolaan Limbah Buah di Indonesia: Studi Kasus Proyek Biogas Gamping-Sleman Fajar Marendra; Imas Dwi Dewanti Putri; Ovantia Pradevi; Anggun Tati Rahmada Wardhani
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.81293

Abstract

Latar belakang: Pasar Induk Buah Gemah Ripah, Gamping Sleman menghasilkan 3.650 ton limbah buah per tahun yang apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik berpotensi menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat akibat timbulan bau, peningkatan populasi vektor, dan penurunan kualitas lingkungan di sekitar lokasi. Sebagian limbah tersebut dikelola menggunakan teknologi anaerobic digestion melalui program Biogas Gamping-Sleman (BGS), sehingga mampu menerapkan model bisnis sirkular. Studi ini bertujuan mengevaluasi performa teknis, lingkungan, dan ekonomi dari BGS sebagai model bisnis sirkular yang mengonversi limbah buah menjadi energi terbarukan dan pupuk organik.Metode:wPenelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dengan analisis kuantitatif berbasis Material Flow Analysis (MFA), performa energi, dan aspek ekonomi. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, pengukuran operasional biodigester, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan 160 responden yang meliputi pengelola BGS, pengelola pasar, operator biodigester, dan pengguna biogas, serta kajian dokumen selama tahun 2023–2024. Pemilihan informan pengelola dilakukan secara purposive, sementara pengguna biogas ditetapkan melalui total sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan komputasional guna menilai efisiensi material, potensi pengurangan emisi, serta kelayakan finansial sistem.Hasil: MFA menunjukkan bahwa setiap 1.000 kg limbah buah menghasilkan 40,7 kg biogas dan sekitar 2.885 kg digestat. Sistem BGS mampu menyuplai listrik kepada 155 kios pasar serta menggantikan sebagian konsumsi LPG pada kantin pasar. Analisis teknis menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan biogas berkontribusi pada pengurangan emisi sebesar 89,7 kg CO₂-eq per ton sampah organik yang diolah. Secara ekonomi, BGS menghasilkan keuntungan bersih sekitar Rp116 juta per tahun dengan periode pengembalian investasi 14,24 tahun. Penjualan listrik, pupuk organik, serta penghematan energi menjadi sumber utama nilai ekonomi, sedangkan manfaat sosial muncul melalui peningkatan kebersihan pasar dan kemandirian energi lokal.Simpulan: Sistem BGS efektif sebagai model bisnis sirkular yang mengubah limbah buah menjadi energi dan pupuk organik sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi sumber daya, mengurangi emisi, dan menciptakan manfaat ekonomi. Optimalisasi pemanfaatan digestat sebagai produk bernilai tambah direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan dan mempercepat pengembalian investasi sistem.ABSTRACT Circular Biogas Business Model as a Solution  for Fruit Waste Management in Indonesia: A Case Study of the Gamping-Sleman Biogas  ProjectBackground: Gemah Ripah Fruit Wholesale Market in Gamping, Sleman, generates approximately 3,650 tons of fruit waste annually, a portion of which is managed through anaerobic digestion technology under the Biogas Gamping–Sleman (BGS) program, enabling the implementation of a circular business model. This study aimed to evaluate the technical, environmental, and economic performance of BGS as a circular business model that converts fruit waste into renewable energy and organic fertilizer.Method: This study employed a case-study approach using quantitative analyses based on Material Flow Analysis (MFA), energy performance assessment, and economic evaluation. Data were collected through field observations, biodigester operational measurements, semi-structured interviews with 160 respondents, including BGS managers, market administrators, biodigester operators, and biogas users, as well as document reviews conducted during 2023–2024. Key informants were selected using purposive sampling, while biogas users were included through total sampling. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and computationally to assess material efficiency, emission reduction potential, and the financial feasibility of the system.Result: The MFA revealed that every 1,000 kg of fruit waste generated 40.7 kg of biogas and approximately 2,885 kg of digestate. The BGS system supplied electricity to 155 market stalls and partially substituted liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) consumption in the market canteen. Technical analysis indicated that biogas utilization reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 89.7 kg CO₂-eq per ton of organic waste treated. Economically, the system generated a net annual profit of approximately IDR 116 million, with a payback period of 14.24 years. Electricity sales, organic fertilizer production, and energy cost savings constituted the primary sources of economic value, while social benefits included improved market cleanliness and enhanced local energy self-sufficiency.Conclusion: The BGS system is proven effective as a circular business model that enhances material efficiency, reduces emissions, lowers energy costs, and creates new value streams for market management. These findings highlight that integrating biogas and fertilizer production from fruit waste is a strategic solution for urban organic waste management and holds strong potential for replication in other traditional markets across Indonesia.
Analisis Kualitas Fisik dan Kimia Air Sumur Gali di Permukiman Sekitar TPA Antang Kota Makassar Ronny Muntu; Brigita Riskya Yakob; Nurfitriani Azizah
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.80018

Abstract

Latar belakang: Air sumur gali masih menjadi sumber utama air bersih bagi masyarakat di sekitar TPA Antang, Makassar. Aktivitas TPA dan permukiman berpotensi mencemari air tanah secara fisik dan kimia. Kadar nitrat, nitrit, dan amoniak yang melebihi baku mutu dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan, seperti methemoglobinemia dan gangguan pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai kualitas fisik dan kimia air sumur gali di sekitar TPA Antang.Metode: Penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan pada November 2024–Mei 2025 terhadap 12 sumur gali menggunakan teknik total sampling. Parameter yang diperiksa meliputi warna, bau, kekeruhan, nitrat, nitrit, dan amoniak di Laboratorium Kimia Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar. Hasil dibandingkan dengan Permenkes RI No. 2 Tahun 2023 dan dianalisis secara univariat.Hasil: Sebanyak 8 sampel (66,7%) tidak memenuhi standar kualitas air. Sebagian besar sampel memenuhi baku mutu untuk kekeruhan, warna, bau, nitrit, dan amoniak (masing-masing 91,7–100%). Namun, 7 sampel (58,3%) memiliki kadar nitrat melebihi baku mutu.Simpulan: Secara fisik, kualitas air sumur di sekitar TPA Antang umumnya masih baik, tetapi sebagian besar sampel belum memenuhi standar kualitas air karena tingginya kadar nitrat. Pemantauan kualitas air dan perbaikan sanitasi lingkungan perlu dilakukan secara berkala untuk mencegah penurunan kualitas air tanah. ABSTRACT Title: Analysis of the Physical and Chemical Quality of Dug Well Water in Residential Areas Around the Antang Landfill, Makassar CityBackground: Dug well water remains the primary source of clean water for communities living around the Antang Final Disposal Site (TPA Antang) in Makassar. Activities from the landfill and surrounding settlements have the potential to physically and chemically contaminate groundwater. Nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia levels exceeding the permissible standards may cause health problems, such as methemoglobinemia and gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to assess the physical and chemical quality of dug well water in the vicinity of TPA Antang.Method: A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from November 2024 to May 2025 on 12 dug wells selected using a total sampling technique. The parameters examined included color, odor, turbidity, nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia, which were analyzed at the Environmental Chemistry Laboratory of the Department of Environmental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar. The results were compared with the quality standards established by the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023 and analyzed using univariate methods.Result: A total of 8 samples (66.7%) did not meet the water quality standards. Most samples complied with the standards for turbidity, color, odor, nitrite, and ammonia (91.7–100%). However, 7 samples (58.3%) had nitrate concentrations exceeding the permissible limit.Conclusion: Physically, the quality of dug well water around TPA Antang was generally acceptable; however, most samples failed to meet the overall water quality standards due to elevated nitrate levels. Regular water quality monitoring and improvements in environmental sanitation are necessary to prevent further deterioration of groundwater quality.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus sinensis) sebagai Dasar Formulasi Edible Film Antibakteri: Studi Karakterisasi Pektin dan Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Alfiana Dwi Puspita; Ameliora Dwi Astani; Shafa Minda Maliran; Aulia Rahmi Azizah
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.80454

Abstract

Latar belakang: Kulit jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis) merupakan limbah agroindustri yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal, padahal mengandung pektin sekitar 20–30% dari berat kering serta senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku produk biodegradable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengarakterisasi pektin, mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit jeruk manis, serta menyusun dasar formulasi edible film sebagai alternatif kemasan pangan yang ramah lingkungan.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimental laboratorik yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2024 melalui tiga tahapan, yaitu ekstraksi dan karakterisasi pektin dari kulit jeruk manis, ekstraksi dan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit jeruk manis terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli, serta penyusunan formulasi dasar edible film antibakteri. Karakterisasi pektin meliputi pengujian kadar air, kadar abu, berat ekivalen, kadar metoksil, derajat esterifikasi, dan kelarutan, sedangkan aktivitas antibakteri diuji menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Data hasil karakterisasi dan aktivitas antibakteri dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan dibandingkan dengan standar literatur sebagai dasar penentuan formulasi edible film.Hasil: Pektin kulit jeruk manis yang dihasilkan tergolong pektin bermetoksil tinggi dengan kelarutan baik dalam air, kadar asam galakturonat tinggi, kadar air sesuai standar, namun derajat esterfikasi rendah dan kadar abu yang melebihi batas maksimal. Ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk manis menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri dengan rentang sedang hingga kuat terhadap kedua bakteri uji. Formulasi dasar edible film berbasis pektin dan ekstrak kulit jeruk manis menghasilkan karakteristik fisik film yang paling optimal pada konsentrasi pektin 12% dan ekstrak etanol 40%.Simpulan: Kulit jeruk manis berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pektin dan agen antibakteri alami dalam formulasi edible film ramah lingkungan, sehingga mendukung upaya pengelolaan limbah organik dan pengembangan kemasan pangan berkelanjutan. ABSTRACTUtilization of Sweet Orange Peel Waste (Citrus sinensis) as a Base for Antibacterial Edible Film Formulation: Pectin Characterization Study and Extract Activity TestBackground: Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel is an agro-industrial waste that has not been optimally utilized despite containing approximately 20–30% pectin (dry weight basis) and various bioactive compounds with potential applications as raw materials for biodegradable products. This study aimed to characterize pectin, evaluate the antibacterial activity of sweet orange peel extract, and establish a basic formulation of an antibacterial edible film as an environmentally friendly food packaging alternative.Method: This laboratory-based experimental study was conducted in 2024 and consisted of three stages: pectin extraction and characterization from sweet orange peel, extraction and antibacterial activity testing of sweet orange peel extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and development of a basic antibacterial edible film formulation. Pectin was characterized based on moisture content, ash content, equivalent weight, methoxyl content, degree of esterification, and solubility, while antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method. The characterization and antibacterial activity data were analyzed descriptively and compared with reference standards to determine the suitability of pectin and extract for edible film formulation.Result: The extracted pectin was classified as high-methoxyl pectin with good water solubility, high galacturonic acid content, and moisture content within the acceptable standard; however, it exhibited a low degree of esterification and ash content exceeding the recommended limit. The ethanolic extract of sweet orange peel demonstrated moderate to strong antibacterial activity against both tested bacteria. The optimum edible film formulation was obtained using 12% pectin and 40% ethanolic extract, producing the most favorable physical characteristics.Conclusion: Sweet orange peel has considerable potential as a source of pectin and natural antibacterial agents for the development of environmentally friendly edible films, thereby supporting organic waste valorization and the development of sustainable food packaging.
Factors Associated with Airborne Microbial Counts in the Inpatient Installation of Hospital X, Semarang City Raihanah Hafizhah; Budiyono Budiyono
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.78901

Abstract

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a challenge in healthcare services, with a prevalence of approximately 5–15% in developed countries and higher rates in developing countries. In Indonesia, the prevalence is estimated at 10–15% among hospitalized patients. Although air quality in the Inpatient Installation of Hospital X met the established standards based on routine monitoring in 2024, the measurements did not include patient visiting hours, which may increase microbial contamination in the air. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with airborne microbial counts in the Inpatient Installation of Hospital X, Semarang.Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in 35 Class III inpatient wards selected as the study sample. Data analysis included univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using the Backward Wald logistic regression method.Results: The mean room temperature was 26.5°C, relative humidity was 67.8%, light intensity was 218 lux, and the mean airborne microbial count was 304.5 CFU/m³. Bivariate analysis showed that temperature (p=0.001), relative humidity (p=0.030), number of patients (p=0.044), air circulation system (p=0.013), and personal hygiene (p=0.022) were significantly associated with airborne microbial counts. Multivariate analysis identified relative humidity (p=0.028) and personal hygiene (p=0.024) as the most dominant factors affecting airborne microbial counts.Conclusion: The findings confirm that temperature, relative humidity, number of patients, air circulation system, and personal hygiene affect airborne microbial counts in the Class III Inpatient Installation of Hospital X, with relative humidity and personal hygiene exerting the strongest influence.  ABSTRACT Title: Factors Associated with Airborne Microbial Counts in the Inpatient Installation of Hospital X, Semarang CityBackground: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a challenge in healthcare services, with a prevalence of approximately 5–15% in developed countries and even higher rates in developing countries. In Indonesia, the prevalence is estimated to range from 10% to 15% among hospitalized patients. Although routine monitoring conducted in 2024 indicated that the air quality in the Class III Inpatient Installation of Hospital X met the established standards, the measurements did not include patient visiting hours, during which increased human activity may elevate airborne microbial contamination. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with airborne bacterial counts in the Class III Inpatient Installation of Hospital X, Semarang.Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in 35 Class III inpatient wards selected as the study sample. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using the Backward Wald logistic regression method.Results: The mean room temperature was 26.5°C, relative humidity was 67.8%, light intensity was 218 lux, and the mean airborne bacterial count was 304.5 CFU/m³. Bivariate analysis showed that temperature (p=0.001), relative humidity (p=0.030), number of patients (p=0.044), air circulation system (p=0.013), and personal hygiene (p=0.022) were significantly associated with airborne bacterial counts. Multivariate analysis identified relative humidity (p=0.028) and personal hygiene (p=0.024) as the most influential factors affecting airborne bacterial counts.Conclusion: Temperature, relative humidity, number of patients, air circulation system, and personal hygiene significantly influenced airborne bacterial counts in the Class III Inpatient Installation of Hospital X, with relative humidity and personal hygiene being the most dominant factors.
Identifikasi Keberadaan Mikroplastik Pada Udang (Metapenaeus Affinis) Di Perairan Desa Dendun Kabupaten Bintan Veronika Amelia Simbolon; Demsa Simbolon; Erpina Santi Meliana Nadeak; Nabila Yasmin
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.80368

Abstract

Latar belakang : Sampah plastik merupakan ancaman serius bagi lingkungan laut, di mana Indonesia menjadi penyumbang terbesar kedua di dunia, dan partikelnya terdegradasi menjadi mikroplastik (<5 mm) yang mencemari biota perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberadaan mikroplastik pada udang (Metapenaeus affinis) di perairan Pulau Dendun, Kabupaten Bintan, sebagai indikator awal kontaminasi, mengingat udang merupakan organisme filter feeder yang rentan menelan partikel tersebut, diperparah oleh kebiasaan masyarakat setempat yang membuang limbah langsung ke laut.Metode : Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang pada tahun 2025 menggunakan metode NOAA, melibatkan 30 ekor udang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel dipreparasi dengan pengambilan saluran pencernaan, diekstraksi, dan diamati di bawah mikroskop stereo.Hasil : Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel udang positif mengandung mikroplastik, dengan total 182 partikel atau rata-rata 6 partikel per individu, didominasi oleh bentuk fiber, fragmen, film, dan pelet. Kontaminasi ini diduga kuat bersumber dari aktivitas antropogenik (limbah rumah tangga dan perikanan).Simpulan : Penelitian ini menegaskan adanya tingkat kontaminasi yang tinggi dan mendesak perlunya pengelolaan sampah yang lebih baik, pengurangan plastik sekali pakai, dan edukasi masyarakat di Pulau Dendun untuk melindungi sumber daya perikanan dan kesehatan publik. ABSTRACTTitle: Identification of Microplastics in Shrimps (Metapenaeus affinis) in the Waters around Dendun Village, Bintan RegencyBackground : Plastic waste poses a serious threat to the marine environment, with Indonesia being the second-largest contributor globally, and its particles degrading into microplastics (<5 mm) that contaminate aquatic biota. This study aims to analyze the presence of microplastics in Metapenaeus affinis shrimp in the waters of Pulau Dendun, Bintan Regency, as an early indicator of contamination, given that shrimp are filter feeder organisms susceptible to ingesting these particles, compounded by the local community's habit of disposing waste directly into the sea. Method : The research was conducted at the Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang Laboratory in 2025 using the NOAA method, involving 30 individual shrimp collected using a purposive sampling technique. Samples were prepared by extracting the digestive tracts, followed by extraction, filtration, and observation under a stereo microscope. Result : Results showed that all shrimp samples were positive for microplastic content, with a total of 182 particles found, or an average of 6 particles per individual, dominated by the shapes of fiber, fragments, film, and pellets. This contamination is strongly suspected to originate from anthropogenic activities (household waste and fishing activity waste). Conclusion : This study confirms the high level of contamination and underscores the urgent need for improved waste management, a reduction in single-use plastics, and public education on Dendun Island to protect fishery resources and public health.

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